List of cardiovascular clinical trials explained

This is a list of cardiovascular clinical trials, categorized and alphabetized.

Acute coronary syndrome

• International Studies of Infarct Survival (ISIS) - four randomized controlled trials of several drugs for treating suspected acute myocardial infarction.^[1]

Arrhythmias

• Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial (CAST) - randomized controlled trial designed to test the hypothesis that suppression of premature ventricular complexes (PVC) with class I antiarrhythmic agents after a myocardial infarction (MI) would reduce mortality.^{[2] [3]}

Epidemiology

• Busselton Health Study - a prospective cohort study of residents of the Western Australian city of Busselton regarding cardiovascular disease, pulmonary function, diabetes, and cancer.^[4]
• Caerphilly Heart Disease Study - prospective cohort study of the residents from Caerphilly, South Wales, to examine relationships between a wide range of social, lifestyle, dietary, and other factors with incident vascular disease.^[5]
• Framingham Heart Study - long-term, ongoing cardiovascular cohort study of residents of the city of Framingham, Massachusetts.^[6]
• Nurses' Health Study - series of prospective studies that examine epidemiology and the long-term effects of nutrition, hormones, environment, and nurses' work-life on health and disease development.^[7]
• Seven Countries Study - a prospective cohort study that examined the relationships between lifestyle, diet, coronary heart disease, and stroke in different populations.^[8]
• Strong Heart Study - cohort study of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors among American Indian men and women.^[9]

Heart failure

• Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial (MADIT) - a series of randomized controlled trials designed to test the hypothesis that implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy in moderately high-risk coronary patients would significantly reduce death.^[10]
• RALES (trial) - randomized controlled trial comparing spironolactone to placebo when added to standard care in patients with advanced heart failure.^[11]

Hypertension

• Antihypertensive and Lipid Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) - a randomized controlled trial of calcium channel blocker, ACE inhibitor, and thiazide diuretic therapy in lowering the incidence of CV events.^[12]
• Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) - a randomized controlled trial of intensive BP control^[13]

Lipids

• AIM-HIGH (trial) - a randomized controlled trial of niacin for increasing HDL levels.^[14]
• HDL-Atherosclerosis Treatment Study (HATS) - a randomized controlled trial that studied people with coronary heart disease and compared a combination of simvastatin and niacin with antioxidant vitamin therapy.^[15]
• Heart Protection Study - a randomized controlled trial that studied the cholesterol-lowering drug simvastatin and vitamin supplementation in people at risk of cardiovascular disease.^[16]
• JUPITER trial - a randomized controlled trial to evaluate whether statins reduce heart attacks and strokes in people with normal cholesterol levels.^[17]
• PROVE-IT TIMI 22 - a randomized controlled trial that compared intensive vs. moderate-dose statin therapy immediately after a heart attack.^[18]
• Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S) - a randomized controlled trial that studied the use of the cholesterol-lowering drug simvastatin in people with moderately raised cholesterol and coronary heart disease.^[19]
• West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study (WOSCOPS) - a randomized controlled trial that compared the cholesterol-lowering drug pravastatin in patients with no previous history of a heart attack.^[20]

External links

• Book: Aung . Myat . Anthony H. . Gershlick . Landmark papers in cardiovascular medicine . 2012 . Oxford University Press . Oxford, United Kingdom . 978-0-19-959476-4 . First.

Notes and References

1. Hennekens . Charles H. . Trials of Thrombolytic Therapy : The International Studies of Infarct Survival Experience . Journal of Interventional Cardiology . February 1998 . 11 . 1 . 1–7 . 10.1111/j.1540-8183.1998.tb00089.x.
2. Preliminary Report: Effect of Encainide and Flecainide on Mortality in a Randomized Trial of Arrhythmia Suppression after Myocardial Infarction . New England Journal of Medicine . 10 August 1989 . 321 . 6 . 406–412 . 10.1056/NEJM198908103210629. 2473403 . Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial (CAST) Investigators .
3. Echt . Debra S. . Liebson . Philip R. . Mitchell . L. Brent . Peters . Robert W. . Obias-Manno . Dulce . Barker . Allan H. . Arensberg . Daniel . Baker . Andrea . Friedman . Lawrence . Greene . H. Leon . Huther . Melissa L. . Richardson . David W. . 3 . Mortality and Morbidity in Patients Receiving Encainide, Flecainide, or Placebo: The Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial . New England Journal of Medicine . 21 March 1991 . 324 . 12 . 781–788 . 10.1056/NEJM199103213241201. 1900101 .
4. Cullen . K. J. . Mass Health Examinations in the Busselton Population, 1966 to 1970 . Medical Journal of Australia . September 1972 . 2 . 13 . 714–718 . 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1972.tb103506.x. 5084969 .
5. Caerphilly and Speedwell collaborative heart disease studies. The Caerphilly and Speedwell Collaborative Group. . Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health . 1 September 1984 . 38 . 3 . 259–262 . 10.1136/jech.38.3.259. 6332166 . 1052363 .
6. Mahmood . Syed S . Levy . Daniel . Vasan . Ramachandran S . Wang . Thomas J . 3 . The Framingham Heart Study and the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease: a historical perspective . The Lancet . March 2014 . 383 . 9921 . 999–1008 . 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61752-3. 24084292 . 4159698 .
7. Belanger . CF . Hennekens . CH . Rosner . B . Speizer . FE . 3 . The nurses' health study. . The American Journal of Nursing . June 1978 . 78 . 6 . 1039–40 . 248266.
8. Keys . Ancel . Taylor . Henry Longstreet . Blackburn . Henry . Brozek . Josef . Anderson . Joseph T. . Simonson . Ernst . 3 . Coronary Heart Disease among Minnesota Business and Professional Men Followed Fifteen Years . Circulation . September 1963 . 28 . 3 . 381–395 . 10.1161/01.CIR.28.3.381. 14059458 .
9. Howard . Barbara V. . Lee . Elisa T. . Cowan . Linda D. . Devereux . Richard B. . Galloway . James M. . Go . Oscar T. . Howard . William James . Rhoades . Everett R. . Robbins . David C. . Sievers . Maurice L. . Welty . Thomas K. . 3 . Rising Tide of Cardiovascular Disease in American Indians: The Strong Heart Study . Circulation . 11 May 1999 . 99 . 18 . 2389–2395 . 10.1161/01.cir.99.18.2389. 10318659 .
10. Moss . Arthur J. . Hall . W. Jackson . Cannom . David S. . Daubert . James P. . Higgins . Steven L. . Klein . Helmut . Levine . Joseph H. . Saksena . Sanjeev . Waldo . Albert L. . Wilber . David . Brown . Mary W. . Heo . Moonseong . 3 . Improved Survival with an Implanted Defibrillator in Patients with Coronary Disease at High Risk for Ventricular Arrhythmia . New England Journal of Medicine . 26 December 1996 . 335 . 26 . 1933–1940 . 10.1056/NEJM199612263352601. 8960472 .
11. Pitt . Bertram . Zannad . Faiez . Remme . Willem J. . Cody . Robert . Castaigne . Alain . Perez . Alfonso . Palensky . Jolie . Wittes . Janet . 3 . The Effect of Spironolactone on Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with Severe Heart Failure . New England Journal of Medicine . 2 September 1999 . 341 . 10 . 709–717 . 10.1056/NEJM199909023411001. 10471456 .
12. Major Outcomes in High-Risk Hypertensive Patients Randomized to Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor or Calcium Channel Blocker vs Diuretic: The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) . JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association . 18 December 2002 . 288 . 23 . 2981–2997 . 10.1001/jama.288.23.2981 . The Allhat Officers And Coordinators For The Allhat Collaborative Research Group . 12479763 .
13. A Randomized Trial of Intensive versus Standard Blood-Pressure Control . New England Journal of Medicine . 26 November 2015 . 373 . 22 . 2103–2116 . 10.1056/NEJMoa1511939. 26551272 . SPRINT Research Group . Wright Jr . J. T. . Williamson . J. D. . Whelton . P. K. . Snyder . J. K. . Sink . K. M. . Rocco . M. V. . Reboussin . D. M. . Rahman . M. . Oparil . S. . Lewis . C. E. . Kimmel . P. L. . Johnson . K. C. . Goff Jr . D. C. . Fine . L. J. . Cutler . J. A. . Cushman . W. C. . Cheung . A. K. . Ambrosius . W. T. . 4689591 .
14. William E. Boden. Jeffrey L. Probstfield. Todd. Anderson. Bernard R. Chaitman. Patrice. Desvignes-Nickens. Kent. Koprowicz. Ruth. McBride. Koon. Teo. William. Weintraub . 3 . Niacin in Patients with Low HDL Cholesterol Levels Receiving Intensive Statin Therapy . New England Journal of Medicine . 15 December 2011 . 365 . 24 . 2255–2267 . 10.1056/nejmoa1107579. 22085343.
15. Kastelein . John J.P. . Akdim . Fatima . Stroes . Erik S.G. . Zwinderman . Aeilko H. . Bots . Michiel L. . Stalenhoef . Anton F.H. . Visseren . Frank L.J. . Sijbrands . Eric J.G. . Trip . Mieke D. . Stein . Evan A. . Gaudet . Daniel . Duivenvoorden . Raphael . Veltri . Enrico P. . Marais . A. David . de Groot . Eric . 3 . Simvastatin with or without Ezetimibe in Familial Hypercholesterolemia . New England Journal of Medicine . 3 April 2008 . 358 . 14 . 1431–1443 . 10.1056/NEJMoa0800742. 18376000 .
16. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20 536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo controlled trial . The Lancet . July 2002 . 360 . 9326 . 7–22 . 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09327-3. 12114036 . Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group .
17. Ridker . Paul M . Danielson . Eleanor . Fonseca . Francisco A.H. . Genest . Jacques . Gotto . Antonio M. . Kastelein . John J.P. . Koenig . Wolfgang . Libby . Peter . Lorenzatti . Alberto J. . MacFadyen . Jean G. . Nordestgaard . Børge G. . Shepherd . James . Willerson . James T. . Glynn . Robert J. . 3 . Rosuvastatin to Prevent Vascular Events in Men and Women with Elevated C-Reactive Protein . New England Journal of Medicine . 20 November 2008 . 359 . 21 . 2195–2207 . 10.1056/NEJMoa0807646. 18997196 .
18. Cannon . Christopher P. . Braunwald . Eugene . McCabe . Carolyn H. . Rader . Daniel J. . Rouleau . Jean L. . Belder . Rene . Joyal . Steven V. . Hill . Karen A. . Pfeffer . Marc A. . Skene . Allan M. . 3 . Intensive versus Moderate Lipid Lowering with Statins after Acute Coronary Syndromes . New England Journal of Medicine . 8 April 2004 . 350 . 15 . 1495–1504 . 10.1056/NEJMoa040583. 15007110 .
19. Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). . Lancet . 19 November 1994 . 344 . 8934 . 1383–9 . 7968073.
20. Shepherd . James . Cobbe . Stuart M. . Ford . Ian . Isles . Christopher G. . Lorimer . A. Ross . Macfarlane . Peter W. . McKillop . James H. . Packard . Christopher J. . 3 . Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease with Pravastatin in Men with Hypercholesterolemia . New England Journal of Medicine . 16 November 1995 . 333 . 20 . 1301–1308 . 10.1056/NEJM199511163332001. 7566020 .