List of burials at Lazarevskoe Cemetery explained

Lazarevskoe Cemetery (Russian: Лазаревское кладбище), part of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra in the centre of Saint Petersburg, is the oldest surviving cemetery in the city and contains a large number of burials as well as monuments and memorials to notable figures in Russian Imperial history.

Burials began in 1717 when Natalya Alexeyevna, the sister of Peter the Great, was interred in the burial vault of the Church of St Lazarus, from which the cemetery took its name.[1] During the early years of its existence, it required the Emperor's permission to allow burials in the cemetery, making it the chosen location for the burial plots of St Petersburg's elite. By the end of the eighteenth century burial was extended to the wealthy merchant class, in exchange for the payment of large sums of money.

By the nineteenth century, the cemetery was becoming overcrowded, and the first of the new cemeteries in the Lavra, the Tikhvin Cemetery, was opened in 1823.[2] Burials in the Lazarevskoe Cemetery became less frequent in the nineteenth century, and in the twentieth century occurred in only exceptional cases.[3] One of the last people to be interred was Count Sergei Witte in 1915, and in 1919 the cemetery was closed to new burials.[4]

During the Soviet period the cemetery was closed and placed under state protection, administered by the society "Old Petersburg" (Russian: «Старый Петербург»).[5] In 1932 it was declared a museum and part of the .[1] Redevelopment work in the Soviet period involved clearing away those memorials thought to have low historical or artistic interest, while those considered to have higher historical or artistic interest were brought from other cemeteries across the city.[6] Large scale restoration work was carried out after the ending of the Siege of Leningrad, with the museum opening to the public in 1952.[3]

Containing a large number of famous burials and elaborate funerary sculpture from some of the country's leading artists, the cemetery has been called the Necropolis of the XVIII century (Russian: некрополь XVIII века). Examples of the work of Ivan Martos, Mikhail Kozlovsky, Vasily Demut-Malinovsky, Andrey Voronikhin, Fedot Shubin, Fyodor Tolstoy and other masters can be seen.[5] Famous people interred in the cemetery include early associates of Peter the Great, such as Field Marshal Boris Sheremetev, General Adam Veyde, and Court Physician Robert Erskine. The graves of academics Mikhail Lomonosov and Stepan Krasheninnikov; playwrights Denis Fonvizin and Yakov Knyazhnin; architects Ivan Starov, and Andrey Voronikhin; statesmen and politicians Alexander Stroganov, Nikolay Mordvinov, Mikhail Muravyov-Vilensky and Sergei Witte; and military officers such as Vasily Chichagov are also to be seen. The family vaults of the Beloselsky-Belozersky, Trubetskoy, Volkonsky and Naryshkin ancient noble houses were located here, as were those of some of the prominent merchant dynasties such as the Demidovs and Yakovlevs.[5] Art historian wrote "It was as if all those who had once formed a close circle of court society gathered here after death. A whole epoch, a whole world of obsolete ideas, almost all the court society of Elizabeth, Catherine and Paul were buried in the small space of the Lazarevskoe cemetery".

The remains of a number of famous figures in Russian history were reburied in the cemetery during the Soviet period, among whom were architect Jean-François Thomas de Thomon, mathematician Leonhard Euler and engineer Agustín de Betancourt.[7] [8] [9]

Burials and monuments

class=unsortableImageNameBornDiedclass=unsortableOccupationclass=unsortableMonumentclass=unsortableReference
1716 1795 [10]
1702 1758 Military leader, commanded Russian armies during the Seven Years' War, Battle of Gross-Jägersdorf. Buried in the Church of St Lazarus. [11]
1768 1830 Georgian prince (batonishvili), writer and encyclopaedist. Originally buried in the Dukhovskaya Church, monument and remains transferred to the Church of St Lazarus in 1940. [12]
1799 1845 Batonishvili, Major General of Imperial Russian Army. Russo-Turkish War, November Uprising. Commanded Uhlans, Hussars and Courland Dragoons. [13]
1758 1824 Engineer, educator, urban planner, construction manager. Originally buried in the Smolensky Lutheran Cemetery, monument and remains transferred in 1979.
1765 1822 Military leader, Imperial Russian Army, Russo-Swedish War and Napoleonic Wars. Ambassador and senator. [14]
1777 1853 Sinologist, Orthodox monk. Translator, opened first Chinese-language school in the Russian Empire. [15]
1757 1825 Portrait and icon painter, Catherine the Great. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, monument and remains transferred in the 1930s. [16]
1745 1811 Writer, ethnographer, traveller.[17]
1712 1773 Diplomat, privy counsellor, chamberlain and senator. Brass inscription displayed in Church of St Lazarus [18]
1693 1747 Noble and lady in waiting. Royal mistress of Tsar Peter the Great. Monument in cemetery, brass inscription displayed in Church of St Lazarus [19]
1715 1779 Courtier, maid of honour to Anna of Russia. Monument in cemetery, brass inscription displayed in Church of St Lazarus [20]
1726 1809 [21]
1789 1839 Writer and dignitary, founder of the literary society "Arzamas". Minister of Justice. [22]
1765 1827 State Councilor, Chamberlain. Industrialist, philanthropist. [23]
1804 1868 [24]
1677 1718 Privy councillor, advisor and chief physician to Peter the Great, head of the medical chancellery. First director of the Kunstkamera and library. Buried in the Church of St Lazarus. [25]
1707 1783 Mathematician, physicist, astronomer, logician and engineer. Originally buried in the Smolensky Lutheran Cemetery, monument and remains transferred in 1956.
1744 1792 [26]
1735 1801 Military leader, Russo-Turkish War. Navarin, Kherson. Général en Chef. Buried in the Church of St Lazarus. [27]
1816 1878 [28]
1776 1822 [29]
1667 1720 [30]
1769 1817 General, statesman, Russo-Turkish War, Kościuszko Uprising, Napoleonic Wars, general of the infantry. [31]
1837 1900 [32]
1785 1851 [33]
1794 1867 Diplomat, Privy Councillor, ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, Bavaria, senator. [34]
c. 17401791 Poet, playwright, translator, member of the Russian Academy, Russian classicism. Originally buried with his wife in the Smolensky Cemetery, monument and remains of both transferred in 1939. [35]
1768 1813 Statesman, Privy Committee, Government reform of Alexander I. Counsel, ambassador, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of the Interior, President of the State Council and Chairman of the Committee of Ministers. Originally buried in the Dukhovskaya Church, monument and remains transferred to the Church of St Lazarus in 1937. [36]
1768 1803 Serf actress and soprano opera singer, wife of Count Nikolai Sheremetev. Buried in the Church of St Lazarus. [37]
1746 1833 Industrialist, courtier [38]
1753 1802 Sculptor, teacher, academician of the Academy of Arts (1794). Professor of the Imperial Academy of Arts, Russian classicism. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, monument and remains transferred in 1931. [39]
1754 1819 Statesman, politician, Minister of the Interior, Privy Councilor, writer, poet, translator, senator, Member of the State Council. [40]
1711 1775 Explorer, naturalist and geographer, Kamchatka, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasheninnikov Volcano. Originally buried at the Church of the Annunciation on Vasilyevsky Island. Cemetery later abandoned. Remains rediscovered and reburied in 1988 with a new monument typical of the period established.
1711 1765 Polymath, scientist, poet and writer, natural science, chemistry, physics, mineralogy, history, art, philology, optical devices and others.[41]
1777 1805 Royal mistress to Emperor Paul I. Buried in the Church of St Lazarev [42]
16751749Military and political figure of the Cossack Hetmanate. [43]
1754 1835 Sculptor and art teacher, Neoclassical sculpture, professor at the Imperial Academy of Arts, Monument to Minin and Pozharsky. [44]
c. 1726 c. 1797 General of the Artillery, Vice-President of the Commerce Collegium, Russo-Turkish War, Director of the Artillery and Engineering Corps in St. Petersburg. [45]
1754 1845 Naval officer, political thinker, Mikhail Speransky's reforms, Vice-President of the Admiralty, Navy Minister, President of the Free Economic Society. [46]
1747 1827 Diplomat, Russian Collegium for Foreign Affairs. Ambassador to France and Sweden. [47]
1757 1807 Nobleman, Privy Councilor, Senator. Member of the Russian Academy, author and poet.[48]
1796 1866 Statesman, early Decembrist, Vice-Governor of Vitebsk, Governor of Mogilyov, Russification. Member of the State Council, Minister of State Properties. Governor General of Vilna. [49]
1683 1756 Scientist, military engineer, inventor and sculptor, associate of Peter the Great, member of the Russian Academy of Science. Originally buried at the Church of the Annunciation on Vasilyevsky Island. Remains rediscovered and moved in 1956, with a new monument. [50]
1739 1824 Memoirist, close friend, confidant and lady's maid to Catherine the Great of Russia. [51]
1792 1856 Nobleman and mineralogist, Minister of Internal Affairs, Russian Geographical Society. Buried in the Church of St Lazarus [52]
1729 1795 Singer, Active State Councillor [53]
1769 1817 [54]
1744 1817 Architect, neoclassical architecture, Saint Petersburg, Alexander Palace. Originally buried in the Volkovsky Lutheran cemetery. Remains transferred in 1967, with a new monument. [55]
1746 1803 [56]
1775 1849 Architect, Saint Petersburg St. Catherine's Church of the Ascension Convent, Yelagin Palace, General Staff Building, façade of the Russian National Library, Alexandrinsky Theatre. Originally buried in the Volkovsky German cemetery, remains and monument transferred in 1940. [57]
1740 1769 Writer and amateur artist. Buried in the Church of St Lazarus. [58]
1763 1830 Lady-in-waiting to Catherine the Great, society figure. Originally buried in the Dukhovskaya Church, remains transferred the Church of St Lazarus in the 1930s. [59]
1716 1797 Naval officer, admiral, Russo-Turkish War, Seven Years' War capture of Yenikale and Kerch, Admiralty Board. Initially buried in the Lazarevskoe Cemetery, reburied in the Tikhvin Cemetery in 1831.[60]
1652 1719 Associate of Peter the Great, diplomat and general field marshal, Great Northern War. Originally buried at the entrance to the Annunciation Church, included in the Church of St Lazarus after 1787-1789 expansion. [61]
1751 1809 Count, Senator, patron of theatrical and visual arts. Husband of Praskovia Kovalyova-Zhemchugova. Buried in the Church of St Lazarus. [62]
1784 1841 Statesman, writer, and admiral. Proto-Slavophile, President of the Russian Academy, People's Education Minister, The Trilingual Naval Dictionary. Buried in the Church of St Lazarus. [63]
1740 1805 Sculptor, academician of the Academy of Arts, educational classicism. [64]
1823 1887 Siberian goldmine owner, Arctic entrepreneur, merchant [65]
1793 1868 Ethnographer, Latin instructor, censor, collector of Russian proverbs, folk rituals and observances. Diarist.[66]
1747 1808 State Counselor, architect, Trinity Cathedral of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra, academician, professor, adjutant-rector of the Imperial Academy of Arts. [67]
1733 1811 Member of the Private Committee of Emperor Alexander I, assistant to the Minister of the Interior, President of the Imperial Academy of Arts, director of the Russian Imperial Library, member of the Russian Academy. [68]
1774 1817 Military commander and statesman, Lieutenant General, Adjutant General to Alexander I of Russia. Privy Committee, Government reform of Alexander I. [69]
1775 1845 Translator, lady in waiting, patron of the arts and sciences, Scientific and Economic Society. Buried in the Church of St Lazarus.[70]
c. 1716 1779 Academic administrator, managed the Petersburg Academy of Sciences, Little Russia, secretary and advisor to Kirill Razumovsky, amateur musician. Buried in the Church of St Lazarus. [71]
1783 1873 Artist, painter, Vice-President of the Imperial Academy of Arts, Hermitage Museum, founder of medal working in Russia, treatise writer, ballet composer. [72]
1760 1813 Neoclassical architect, Old Saint Petersburg Stock Exchange and Rostral Columns, Odessa Theatre. Originally buried in the Smolensky Lutheran Cemetery, monument and remains transferred in 1940.
1667 1750 Military leader, Field Marshal, associate of Peter the Great, boyar, Azov campaigns, governor of Novgorod, Battle of Narva. Buried in the Church of St Lazarus.[73]
1775 1819 Noblewoman of Georgian origin, affair with Tsar Alexander I of Russia, correspondent.[74]
c. 1774 1787 Business magnate and industrialist, metallurgist, philanthropist. [75]
1849 1915 Econometrician, Minister of Finance, October Manifesto, Chairman of the Council of Ministers. [76]
1667 1720 Infantry general, associate of Peter the Great. Azov campaigns, Veyde Charter, Great Northern War, Battle of Narva, Pruth River Campaign, Battle of Gangut. [77]
c. 1682 1745Administrator, associate of Peter the Great, administrator in St Petersburg and Siberia, adjutant-general, first chief of St Petersburg Police, senator. [78]
1788 1856 Official, composer, patron of arts. Buried in the Church of St Lazarus [79]
1759 1814 Architect and painter, Russian Empire style, Kazan Cathedral, Saint Petersburg. [80]
1722 1775 Lady in waiting, salonist and noble, cousin of Elizabeth of Russia. Wife of Chancellor Count Mikhail Illarionovich Vorontsov. Originally buried in the Lazarevskoe Cemetery, remains later transferred to the Annunciation Church. [81]
1739 1792 [82]
1744 1819 General and statesman. Russo-Turkish War, aide-de-camp of the Vice President of the War Collegium, acting Governor General of Simbirsk and Ufa, first Defence Minister of Russia, commander-in-chief in St.Petersburg. Member of the State Council and the Committee of Ministers. Buried in the Church of St Lazarus. [83]
16951759Nobleman and politician, governor general of Moscow and St Petersburg. [84]
1739 1812 [85]
1747 1837 Philanthropist, salonist and lady-in-waiting. Originally buried in the Dukhovskaya Church, monument and remains moved to the St Lazarus Church in 1937. [86]
1761 1811 Architect, neoclassicism and eclecticism. Saviour Cathedral, Dniptopetrovsk, Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Izhevsk, St. Andrew's Cathedral, Kronstadt. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, monument and remains transferred in 1936. [87]

References

59.92°N 30.39°W

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Alexander Nevsky Lavra Cemeteries. museumstudiesabroad.org. 16 April 2019. 26 November 2018.
  2. Web site: Cemetery and Tombs of the Alexander Nevsky Monastery . saint-petersburg.com. 16 April 2019.
  3. Web site: Лазаревское кладбище. Александро-Невской Лавре. 16 April 2019.
  4. Web site: The Alexander Nevsky Monastery. Express to Russia. 16 April 2019.
  5. Web site: Yu. M.. Piryutko. Некрополь XVIII века. St Petersburg Encyclopedia. 16 April 2019.
  6. Book: Buckler. Mapping St. Petersburg. 225–226.
  7. Web site: Бетанкур Августин Августинович. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  8. Web site: Тома де Томон Жан Франсуа . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  9. Web site: Эйлер Леонард . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  10. Web site: Антропов Алексей Петрович . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  11. Web site: Апраксин Степан Федорович . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  12. Book: Kobak & Piryutko. Исторические кладбища Петербурга.
  13. Web site: Багратион-Имеретинский Дмитрий Георгиевич . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  14. Web site: Бибиков Александр Александрович . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  15. Web site: Бичурин Никита Яковлевич . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
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  28. Web site: Гедеонов Степан Александрович . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  29. Web site: Голицын Борис Андреевич. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  30. Web site: Головин Автомон Михайлович. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  31. Web site: Горчаков Алексей Иванович. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  32. Web site: Имеретинский Александр Константинович . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  33. Web site: Богородские родословные / Исленьевы (в старину – Истленьевы) . Богородск-Ногинск. Богородское краеведение. 15 April 2019.
  34. Web site: Катакази Гавриил Антонович. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  35. Web site: Княжнин Яков Борисович . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  36. Web site: Кочубей Виктор Павлович . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  37. Web site: Шереметева (урожд. Ковалевская) Прасковья Ивановна . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  38. Web site: Козицкая (рожд. Мясникова) Екатерина Ивановна. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  39. Web site: Козловский Михаил Иванович. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
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  49. Web site: Муравьев Михаил Николаевич . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  50. Web site: Нартов Андрей Константинович . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  51. Web site: Перекусихина Мария Саввишна . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  52. Web site: Перовский Лев Алексеевич . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  53. Web site: Полторацкий Марк Федорович. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
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  56. Web site: Разумовская (урожд. Ушакова) София Степановна . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  57. Web site: Росси Карл Иванович . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  58. Web site: НЕКРОПОЛЬ церкви Сошествия Святого Духа Александро-Невской Лавры. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
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  60. Web site: Сенявин Алексей Наумович. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  61. Web site: Шереметев Борис Петрович. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  62. Web site: Шереметев Николай Петрович. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  63. Web site: Шишков Александр Семенович . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  64. Web site: Шубин Федот Иванович. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  65. Web site: Сидоров Михаил Константинович . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  66. Web site: Снегирев Иван Михайлович . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  67. Web site: Старов Иван Егорович . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  68. Web site: Строганов Александр Сергеевич . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  69. Web site: Строганов Павел Александрович. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  70. Web site: Строганова (урожд. княжна Голицына) . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  71. Web site: Теплов Григорий Николаевич . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  72. Web site: Толстой Федор Петрович. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  73. Web site: Трубецкой Иван Юрьевич. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  74. Web site: Туркестанова Варвара Ильинична. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  75. Web site: Турчанинов Алексей Федорович. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  76. Web site: Витте Сергей Юльевич. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  77. Web site: Вейде Адам Адамович . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  78. Web site: Dmitrii. Mityurin. ПЕРВЫЙ ПОЛИЦЕЙСКИЙ РОССИИ. Nevskoe Vremya. 21 January 2003. 15 April 2019. ru.
  79. Web site: Виельгорский Михаил Юрьевич. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  80. Web site: Воронихин Андрей Никифорович. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  81. Web site: Воронцова Анна Карловна . lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  82. Web site: Polianskaya (Countess Vorontsova) Elizaveta Romanovna. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  83. Web site: Вязмитинов Сергей Кузьмич. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  84. Web site: Князья Юсуповы. spas-neru. 15 April 2019. ru.
  85. Web site: Завадовский Петр Васильевич. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  86. Web site: Загряжская (Разумовская) Наталья Кирилловна. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.
  87. Web site: Захаров Андреян Дмитриевич. lavraspb.ru. 15 April 2019.

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