This list of birds of Wales includes every species of bird that has been recorded in a wild state in Wales. Compared to the avifauna of Britain as a whole, Wales has fewer breeding species, but these include a number of moorland species such as red grouse and black grouse, large numbers of seabirds (particularly on offshore islands such as Skomer, Grassholm and Bardsey) and good populations of several species typical of Welsh oak woods including redstart, pied flycatcher and wood warbler.[1] [2] Among the birds of prey is the red kite, which had become extinct in other parts of Britain until being reintroduced recently. In winter many wildfowl and waders are found around the coast, attracted by the mild temperatures.[1] In spring and autumn a variety of migrant and vagrant birds can be seen, particularly on headlands and islands.[1] Three-quarters of the UK population of the red-billed chough resides in Wales.
The list is based on Birds in Wales (Lovegrove et al. 1994), Birds in Wales 1992–2022 (Green 2022) and the list of the Welsh Ornithological Society (Prater & Thorpe 2006) with updates from the Welsh Records Panel's annual reports. The taxonomy and scientific names follow the official list of the British Ornithologists' Union (BOU).[3] The English names are the vernacular names used in the 7th edition of the BOU list with the standardized names from that list given in brackets where they differ.[4] The family introductions are based on The New Encyclopedia of Birds (Perrins 2004) except where otherwise stated.
Certain categories of birds are noted with the following tags:
The total number of species on the list is 463 and 10 introduced species. About 150 species breed annually.[1]
Order: AnseriformesFamily: Anatidae
The swans, ducks and geese are medium to large birds that are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet and bills which are flattened to a greater or lesser extent. In many ducks the male is colourful while the female is dull brown. The diet consists of a variety of animals and plants. The family is well represented in Wales, especially in winter when large numbers visit from Greenland, Scandinavia and Russia.[1]
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Branta bernicla | |||||
| Branta ruficollis | |||||
| Branta canadensis | I | ||||
| Branta leucopsis | |||||
| Anser anser | |||||
| Anser fabalis | (A) | ||||
| Anser brachyrhynchus | |||||
| Anser serrirostris | (A) | ||||
| Anser albifrons | |||||
| Anser erythropus | (A) | ||||
| Cygnus olor | |||||
| Cygnus columbianus | |||||
| Cygnus cygnus | |||||
| Alopochen aegyptiacus | I[5] | ||||
| Tadorna tadorna | |||||
| Tadorna ferruginea | (A) | ||||
| Aix galericulata | I | ||||
| Spatula querquedula | |||||
| Spatula discors | (A) | ||||
| Spatula clypeata | |||||
| Mareca strepera | |||||
| Mareca falcata | |||||
| Anas penelope | |||||
| Mareca americana | (A) | ||||
| Anas platyrhynchos | |||||
| Anas rubripes | (A) | ||||
| Anas acuta | |||||
| Anas crecca | |||||
| Anas carolinensis | (A) | ||||
| Netta rufina | I | ||||
| Aythya ferina | |||||
| Aythya nyroca | (A) | ||||
| Aythya collaris | (A) | ||||
| Aythya fuligula | |||||
| Aythya marila | |||||
| Aythya affinis | (A)[6] | ||||
| Somateria spectabilis | (A) | ||||
| Somateria mollissima | |||||
| Melanitta perspicillata | (A) | ||||
| Melanitta fusca | |||||
| Melanitta nigra | |||||
| Melanitta americana | (A) | ||||
| Clangula hyemalis | |||||
| Bucephala clangula | |||||
| Mergellus albellus | |||||
| Lophodytes cucullatus | (A) | ||||
| Mergus merganser | |||||
| Mergus serrator | |||||
| Oxyura jamaicensis | I |
Order: GalliformesFamily: Phasianidae
These are terrestrial species, feeding and nesting on the ground. They are variable in size but generally plump, with broad and relatively short wings.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lagopus lagopus | |||||
| Lyrurus tetrix | |||||
| Perdix perdix | |||||
| Phasianus colchicus | I | ||||
| Coturnix coturnix | |||||
| Alectorix rufa | I |
Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Caprimulgidae
Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs and very short bills. Their soft plumage is cryptically coloured to resemble bark or leaves.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chordeiles minor | (A) | ||||
| Caprimulgus europaeus |
Order: ApodiformesFamily: Apodidae
The swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chaetura pelagica | (A)[7] | ||||
| Apus melba | (A) | ||||
| Apus apus | |||||
| Apus pallidus | (A) | ||||
| Apus affinis | (A) |
Order: OtidiformesFamily: Otididae
Large, sturdy birds of open plains with long legs and necks and strong feet.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Otis tarda | (A) | ||||
| Tetrax tetrax | (A) |
Order: CuculiformesFamily: Cuculidae
Birds of variable size with slender bodies and long tails. Some species are known for laying their eggs in the nests of other birds.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clamator glandarius | (A) | ||||
| Coccyzus americanus | (A) | ||||
| Cuculus canorus |
Order: PterocliformesFamily: Pteroclidae
Sturdy, medium-sized birds with a small head and long, pointed wings.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Syrrhaptes paradoxus | (A) |
Order: ColumbiformesFamily: Columbidae
Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Columba livia | |||||
| Columba oenas | |||||
| Columba palumbus | |||||
| Streptopelia turtur | |||||
| Streptopelia decaocto |
Order: GruiformesFamily: Rallidae
These birds mainly occupy dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, marshes or rivers. Many are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rallus aquaticus | |||||
| Crex crex | (A) | ||||
| Porzana carolina | (A) | ||||
| Porzana porzana | (A) | ||||
| Gallinula chloropus | |||||
| Fulica atra | |||||
| Porzana pusilla | (A) | ||||
| Porzana parva | (A) |
Order: GruiformesFamily: Gruidae
Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grus grus | (A) |
Order: PodicipediformesFamily: Podicipedidae
Grebes are small to medium-large diving birds with lobed toes and pointed bills. They are seen mainly on lowland waterbodies and coasts. They feed on aquatic animals and nest on a floating platform of vegetation.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tachybaptus ruficollis | |||||
| Podilymbus podiceps | (A) | ||||
| Podiceps grisegena | |||||
| Podiceps cristatus | |||||
| Podiceps auritus | |||||
| Podiceps nigricollis |
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Burhinidae
A small family of medium to large waders with strong black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Burhinus oedicnemus | (A) |
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Haematopodidae
The oystercatchers are large, obvious and noisy wading birds with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Haematopus ostralegus |
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Recurvirostridae
A family of fairly large wading birds. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Himantopus himantopus | (A) | ||||
| Recurvirostra avosetta |
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Charadriidae
Small to medium-sized wading birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vanellus vanellus | |||||
| Vanellus gregarius | (A) | ||||
| Pluvialis apricaria | |||||
| Pluvialis fulva | (A) | ||||
| Pluvialis dominica | (A) | ||||
| Pluvialis squatarola | |||||
| Charadrius hiaticula | |||||
| Charadrius dubius | |||||
| Charadrius vociferus | (A) | ||||
| Charadrius alexandrinus | (A) | ||||
| Charadrius leschenaultii | (A) | ||||
| Charadrius morinellus |
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Scolopacidae
A large, diverse family of wading birds. Different lengths of legs and bills enable multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bartramia longicauda | (A) | ||||
| Numenius phaeopus | |||||
| Numenius hudsonicus | (A) | ||||
| Numenius minutus | (A) | ||||
| Numenius arquata | |||||
| Limosa lapponica | |||||
| Limosa limosa | |||||
| Arenaria interpres | |||||
| Calidris canutus | |||||
| Calidris pugnax | |||||
| Calidris falcinellus | (A) | ||||
| Calidris acuminata | (A) | ||||
| Calidris himantopus | (A)[8] | ||||
| Calidris ferruginea | |||||
| Calidris temminckii | (A) | ||||
| Calidris alba | |||||
| Calidris alpina | |||||
| Calidris maritima | |||||
| Calidris bairdii | (A) | ||||
| Calidris minuta | |||||
| Calidris minutilla | (A) | ||||
| Calidris fuscicollis | (A) | ||||
| Calidris subruficollis | (A) | ||||
| Calidris melanotos | (A) | ||||
| Calidris pusilla | (A) | ||||
| Limnodromus scolopaceus | |||||
| Scolopax rusticola | |||||
| Lymnocryptes minimus | |||||
| Gallinago minima | (A) | ||||
| Gallinago gallinago | |||||
| Xenus cinerea | (A) | ||||
| Phalaropus tricolor | (A) | ||||
| Phalaropus lobatus | (A) | ||||
| Phalaropus fulicarius | |||||
| Actitis hypoleucos | |||||
| Tringa macularius | (A) | ||||
| Tringa ochropus | |||||
| Tringa brevipes | (A) | ||||
| Tringa flavipes | (A) | ||||
| Tringa totanus | |||||
| Tringa stagnatilis | (A) | ||||
| Tringa glareola | |||||
| Tringa erythropus | |||||
| Tringa nebularia | |||||
| Tringa melanoleuca | (A) |
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Glareolidae
A family of slender, long-winged wading birds.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cursorius cursor | (A) | ||||
| Glareola pratincola | (A) | ||||
| Glareola nordmanni | (A) |
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Laridae
Medium to large seabirds with grey, white and black plumage, webbed feet and strong bills. Many are opportunistic and adaptable feeders.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rissa tridactyla | |||||
| Pagophila eburnea | (A) | ||||
| Xema sabini | |||||
| Chroicocephalus philadelphia | (A) | ||||
| Chroicocephalus ridibundus | |||||
| Hydrocoloeus minutus | |||||
| Rhodostethia rosea | (A) | ||||
| Leucophaeus atricilla | (A) | ||||
| Leucophaeus pipixcan | (A) | ||||
| Ichthyaetus melanocephalus | |||||
| Larus canus | |||||
| Larus delawarensis | |||||
| Larus marinus | |||||
| Larus glaucescens | (A) | ||||
| Larus hyperboreus | |||||
| Larus glaucoides | |||||
| Larus argentatus | |||||
| Larus cachinnans | (A) | ||||
| Larus michahellis | (A) | ||||
| Larus fuscus | |||||
| Gelochelidon nilotica | (A) | ||||
| Hydroprogne caspia | (A) | ||||
| Thalasseus maximus | (A) | ||||
| Thalasseus bengalensis | (A) | ||||
| Thalasseus sandvicensis | |||||
| Thalasseus elegans | (A) | ||||
| Sternula albifrons | |||||
| Onychoprion anaethetus | (A) | ||||
| Onychoprion fuscatus | (A) | ||||
| Sterna dougallii | |||||
| Sterna hirundo | |||||
| Sterna paradisaea | |||||
| Sterna forsteri | (A) | ||||
| Chlidonias hybrida | (A) | ||||
| Chlidonias leucoptera | (A) | ||||
| Chlidonias niger |
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Stercorariidae
Medium to large seabirds with mainly grey or brown plumage, sharp claws and a hooked tip to the bill. They chase other seabirds to force them to drop their catches.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stercorarius maccormicki | |||||
| Stercorarius skua | |||||
| Stercorarius pomarinus | |||||
| Stercorarius parasiticus | |||||
| Stercorarius longicaudus |
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Alcidae
A family of seabirds which are superficially similar to penguins with their black-and-white colours, their upright posture and some of their habits but which are able to fly. Great auks are extinct.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alle alle | |||||
| Uria aalge | |||||
| Alca torda | |||||
| Cepphus grylle | |||||
| Fratercula arctica |
Order: GaviiformesFamily: Gaviidae
Divers are aquatic birds the size of a large duck, to which they are unrelated. They swim well and fly adequately but are almost hopeless on land, because their legs are placed towards the rear of the body. They feed on fish and other aquatic animals. They are all non-breeding visitors in Wales.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gavia stellata | |||||
| Gavia arctica | |||||
| Gavia immer | |||||
| Gavia adamsii | (A) |
Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Oceanitidae
The austral storm petrels are the smallest seabirds, feeding on plankton and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. They nest in colonies on the ground, most often in burrows.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oceanites oceanicus | (A) |
Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Diomedeidae
The albatrosses are among the largest flying birds with long, narrow wings for gliding. The majority are found in the Southern Hemisphere with only vagrants occurring in the North Atlantic.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thalassarche melanophris | (A) |
Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Hydrobatidae
The northern storm petrels are the smallest seabirds, feeding on plankton and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. They nest in colonies on the ground, most often in burrows.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hydrobates pelagicus | |||||
| Hydrobates leucorrhous |
Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Procellariidae
These are highly pelagic birds with long, narrow wings and tube-shaped nostrils. They feed at sea on fish, squid and other marine life. They come to land to breed in colonies, nesting in burrows or on cliffs.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fulmarus glacialis | |||||
| Calonectris borealis | (A) | ||||
| Ardenna griseus | |||||
| Ardenna gravis | (A) | ||||
| Puffinus puffinus | |||||
| Puffinus mauretanicus | |||||
| Puffinus baroli | (A) |
Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Ciconiidae
Storks are large, heavy, long-legged, long-necked wading birds with long stout bills and wide wingspans. They fly with the neck extended.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ciconia nigra | (A) | ||||
| Ciconia ciconia | (A) |
Order: SuliformesFamily: Pelecanidae
Gannets are large seabirds that plunge-dive for fish and nest in large colonies. They have a torpedo-shaped body, long, narrow, pointed wings and a fairly long tail.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Morus bassanus |
Order: SuliformesFamily: Phalacrocoracidae
Cormorants are medium to large aquatic birds with mainly dark plumage and areas of coloured skin on the face. The bill is long, thin and sharply hooked for catching fish and aquatic invertebrates. They nest in colonies, usually by the sea.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phalacrocorax carbo | |||||
| Gulosus aristotelis |
Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Threskiornithidae
A family of long-legged, long-necked wading birds. Ibises have long, curved bills. Spoonbils have a flattened bill, wider at the tip.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plegadis falcinellus | (A) | ||||
| Platalea leucorodia |
Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Ardeidae
Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter-necked and more secretive. They all fly with their necks retracted. The sharp bill is used to catch fish, amphibians and other animals. Many species nest in colonies, often in trees.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Botaurus stellaris | ||||||||||
| Botaurus lentiginosus | (A) | |||||||||
| Ixobrychus minutus | (A) | |||||||||
| Nycticorax nycticorax | (A) | |||||||||
| Butorides virescens | (A)[9] | |||||||||
| Ardeola ralloides | (A) | |||||||||
| Bubulcus ibis | - | Ardea cinerea | - | Ardea purpurea | (A) | |||||
| Ardea alba | (A) | |||||||||
| Egretta garzetta |
Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Pandionidae
A large fish-eating bird of prey belonging to a family of its own. It is mainly brown above and white below with long, angled wings. It is mainly a passage migrant in Wales but has recently begun to breed.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pandion haliaetus |
Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Accipitridae
A family of birds of prey which includes hawks, buzzards, eagles, kites and harriers. These birds have very large powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pernis apivorus | ||||||
| Aquila chrysaetos | (A) | |||||
| Accipiter nisus | ||||||
| Accipiter gentilis | ||||||
| Circus aeruginosus | - | Circus cyaneus | ||||
| Circus macrourus | (A) | |||||
| Circus pygargus | (A) | |||||
| Milvus milvus | ||||||
| Milvus migrans | (A) | |||||
| Haliaaetus albicilla | (A) | |||||
| Buteo lagopus | (A) | |||||
| Buteo buteo |
Order: StrigiformesFamily: Tytonidae
Barn owls are medium-sized to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tyto alba |
Order: StrigiformesFamily: Strigidae
Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disc.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Athene noctua | |||||
| Otus scops | (A) | ||||
| Asio otus | |||||
| Asio flammeus | |||||
| Bubo scandiaca | (A) | ||||
| Strix aluco |
Order: BucerotiformesFamily: Upupidae
A distinctive bird in its own family with a long curved bill, a crest, and black-and-white striped wings and tail.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Upupa epops |
Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Coraciidae
A small family of colourful, medium-sized, birds with a crow-like shape that feeds mainly on insects.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coracias garrulus | (A) |
Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Alcedinidae
Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs and stubby tails. There are about 93 species worldwide, 2 in Britain and 1 in Wales.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alcedo atthis |
Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Meropidae
A group of near-passerine birds characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Merops apiaster | (A) |
Order: PiciformesFamily: Picidae
Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jynx tranquila | |||||
| Dryobates minor | |||||
| Dendrocopos major | |||||
| Picus viridis |
Order: FalconiformesFamily: Falconidae
A family of small to medium-sized, diurnal birds of prey with pointed wings. They do not build their own nests and mainly catch prey in the air.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Falco tinnunculus | |||||
| Falco vespertinus | (A) | ||||
| Falco columbarius | |||||
| Falco subbuteo | |||||
| Falco rusticolus | (A) | ||||
| Falco peregrinus |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Laniidae
Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lanius collurio | (A) | ||||
| Lanius phoenicuroides | |||||
| Lanius minor | (A) | ||||
| Lanius excubitor | |||||
| Lanius senator | (A) |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Vireonidae
The vireos are a group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vireo olivaceus | (A) |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Oriolidae
Orioles are colourful, medium-sized passerine birds with far-carrying, fluting songs.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oriolus oriolus |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Corvidae
The crows and their relatives are fairly large birds with strong bills and are usually intelligent and adaptable.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Garrulus glandarius | |||||
| Pica pica | |||||
| Nucifraga caryocatactes | (A) | ||||
| Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax | |||||
| Corvus monedula | |||||
| Corvus frugilegus | |||||
| Corvus corone | |||||
| Corvus cornix | |||||
| Corvus corax |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Bombycillidae
The waxwings are a group of passerine birds characterised by soft, silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bombycilla garrulus | |||||
| Bombycilla cedrorum | (A) |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Paridae
Tits are mainly small, stocky, woodland species with short stout bills. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Periparus ater | |||||
| Poecile palustris | |||||
| Poecile montana | |||||
| Cyanistes caeruleus | |||||
| Parus major |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Remizidae
Small birds with finely pointed bills that build purse-like nests hanging from a branch.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Remiz pendulinus | (A) |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Panuridae
This species, the only one in its family, is found in reed beds throughout temperate Europe and Asia.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Panurus biarmicus | (A) |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Alaudidae
Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lullula arborea | (A) | ||||
| Alauda arvensis | |||||
| Galerida cristata | (A) | ||||
| Eremophila alpestris | (A) | ||||
| Calandrella brachydactyla | (A) | ||||
| Melanocorypha yeltoniensis | (A) |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Hirundinidae
The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and a short bill with a wide gape.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Riparia riparia | |||||
| Ptyonoprogne rupestris | (A) | ||||
| Hirundo rustica | |||||
| Delichon urbicum | |||||
| Cecropis daurica | (A) |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Scotocercidae
The members of this family are found throughout Africa, Asia, and Polynesia. Their taxonomy is in flux, and some authorities place some genera in other families.[10]
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cettia cetti |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Aegithalidae
Small, long-tailed birds that typically live in flocks for much of the year.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aegithalos caudatus |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Phylloscopidae
Leaf warblers are a family of small insectivorous birds found mostly in Eurasia and ranging into Wallacea and Africa. The species are of various sizes, often green-plumaged above and yellow below, or more subdued with grayish-green to grayish-brown colors.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phylloscopus sibalatrix | |||||
| Phylloscopus bonelli | (A) | ||||
| Phylloscopus humei | (A) | ||||
| Phylloscopus inornatus | |||||
| Phylloscopus proregulus | (A) | ||||
| Phylloscopus schwarzi | (A) | ||||
| Phylloscopus fuscatus | (A) | ||||
| Phylloscopus trochilus | |||||
| Phylloscopus collybita | (A) | ||||
| Phylloscopus ibericus | (A) | ||||
| Phylloscopus trochiloides | (A) | ||||
| Phylloscopus borealis | (A) |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Acrocephalidae
The members of this family are usually rather large for "warblers". Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but it also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acrocephalus arundinaceus | (A) | ||||
| Acrocephalus paludicola | (A) | ||||
| Acrocephalus schoenobaenus | |||||
| Acrocephalus agricola | (A) | ||||
| Acrocephalus dumetorum | (A)[11] | ||||
| Acrocephalus scirpaceus | |||||
| Acrocephalus palustris | (A) | ||||
| Iduna caligata | (A) | ||||
| Hippolais polyglotta | (A) | ||||
| Hippolais icterina | (A) |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Locustellidae
Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Locustella lanceolata | (A) | ||||
| Locustella fluviatilis | (A) | ||||
| Locustella luscinioides | (A) | ||||
| Locustella naevia |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sylviidae
A group of small, insectivorous passerine birds. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sylvia atricapilla | |||||
| Sylvia borin | |||||
| Curruca nisoria | (A) | ||||
| Curruca curruca | |||||
| Curruca hortensis | (A) | ||||
| Curruca ruppeli | (A) | ||||
| Curruca melanocephala | (A) | ||||
| Curruca iberiae | (A) | ||||
| Curruca cantillans | (A) | ||||
| Curruca communis | |||||
| Curruca sarda | (A) | ||||
| Curruca undata |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Regulidae
The kinglets, also called crests, are a small group of birds often included in the Old World warblers, but frequently given family status because they also resemble the titmice.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Regulus ignicapilla | |||||
| Regulus regulus |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Troglodytidae
Wrens are small and inconspicuous birds, except for their loud songs. They have short wings and thin down-turned bills.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troglodytes troglodytes |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sittidae
Nuthatches are small woodland birds with the unusual ability to climb down trees head-first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sitta europaea |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Certhiidae
Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin, pointed, down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Certhia familiaris |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Mimidae
Medium-sized passerine birds with long tails. Some are notable for their ability to mimic sounds such as other birds' songs.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dumetella carolinensis | (A) |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sturnidae
Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds with strong feet. Their flight is strong and direct and most are very gregarious.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pastor roseus | (A) | ||||
| Sturnus vulgaris |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Turdidae
The thrushes and chats are plump, soft-plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catharus ustulatus | (A) | ||||
| Catharus minimus | (A) | ||||
| Turdus philomelos | |||||
| Turdus viscivorus | (A) | ||||
| Turdus iliacus | |||||
| Turdus merula | |||||
| Turdus obscurus | (A) | ||||
| Turdus pilaris | |||||
| Turdus torquatus | |||||
| Turdus atrogularis | |||||
| Turdus ruficollis | (A)[12] | ||||
| Turdus eunomus | (A) | ||||
| Turdus viscivorus | (A) |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Muscicapidae
The flycatchers are small birds that fly out from a perch to catch insects in the air.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muscicapa striata | ||||||
| Erithacus rubecula | ||||||
| Luscinia svecica | (A) | |||||
| Luscinia luscinia | (A) | |||||
| Luscinia megarhynchos | (A) | |||||
| Irania gutturalis | (A) | |||||
| Tarsiger cyanurus | (A) | |||||
| Ficedula parva | (A) | |||||
| Ficedula hypoleuca | ||||||
| Ficedula albicollis | (A) | |||||
| Phoenicurus ochruros | ||||||
| Phoenicurus phoenicurus | ||||||
| Phoenicurus moussieri | (A) | |||||
| Monticola saxatilis | (A) | |||||
| Monticola solitarius | (A) | |||||
| Saxicola rubetra | ||||||
| Saxicola torquata | - | Oenanthe oenanthe | ||||
| Oenanthe isabellina | (A) | |||||
| Oenanthe deserti | (A) | |||||
| Oenanthe hispanica | (A) | |||||
| Oenanthe pleschanka | (A) |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cinclidae
Dippers are a group of perching birds whose habitat includes aquatic environments in the Americas, Europe and Asia. They are named for their bobbing or dipping movements.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cinclus cinclus |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passeridae
Sparrows tend to be small, plump, brownish or greyish birds with short tails and short, powerful beaks. They are seed-eaters and they also consume small insects.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Passer montanus | |||||
| Passer hispaniolensis | (A) | ||||
| Passer domesticus |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Prunellidae
A small family of drab, unobtrusive, insectivorous birds with thin, pointed bills.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prunella collaris | (A) | ||||
| Prunella modularis |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Motacillidae
Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They are slender, ground-feeding insectivores of open country.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Motacilla flava | (A) | ||||
| Motacilla tschutschensis | (A) | ||||
| Motacilla citreola | (A) | ||||
| Motacilla cinerea | |||||
| Motacilla alba | |||||
| Anthus richardi | |||||
| Anthus godlewskii | (A) | ||||
| Anthus campestris | (A) | ||||
| Anthus pratensis | |||||
| Anthus trivialis | |||||
| Anthus hodgsoni | (A) | ||||
| Anthus gustavi | (A) | ||||
| Anthus cervinus | (A) | ||||
| Anthus rubescens | (A) | ||||
| Anthus spinoletta | |||||
| Anthus petrosus |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Fringillidae
Seed-eating passerine birds that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fringilla coelebs | |||||
| Fringilla montifringilla | |||||
| Coccothraustes coccothraustes | |||||
| Pyrrhula pyrrhula | |||||
| Carpodacus erythrinus | (A) | ||||
| Chloris chloris | |||||
| Linaria flavirostris | |||||
| Linaria cannabina | |||||
| Acanthis flammea | (A) | ||||
| Acanthis cabaret | |||||
| Acanthis hornemanni | (A) | ||||
| Loxia curvirostra | |||||
| Loxia leucoptera | (A) | ||||
| Carduelis carduelis | |||||
| Serinus serinus | (A) | ||||
| Spinus spinus |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Calcariidae
The Calcariidae are a family of birds that had been traditionally grouped with the New World sparrows, but differ in a number of respects and are usually found in open grassy areas.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calcarius lapponicus | |||||
| Plectrophenax nivalis |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Emberizidae
The Emberizidae are a large family of seed-eating passerine birds with a distinctively shaped bill.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emberiza calandra | (A) | |||||
| Emberiza citrinella | ||||||
| Emberiza leucocephalos | (A) | - | Emberiza cia | (A) | ||
| Emberiza hortulana | (A) | |||||
| Emberiza caesia | (A) | |||||
| Emberiza cirlus | (A) | |||||
| Emberiza pusilla | (A) | |||||
| Emberiza rustica | (A) | |||||
| Emberiza aureola | (A) | |||||
| Emberiza melanocephala | (A) | |||||
| Emberiza schoeniclus |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passerellidae
Until 2017, these species were considered part of the family Emberizidae. Most of the species are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many of these have distinctive head patterns.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Junco hyemalis | (A) | ||||
| Zonotrichia albicollis | (A) | ||||
| Melospiza melodia | (A) |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Icteridae
A group of small to medium-sized, often colourful passerine birds restricted to the New World.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dolichonyx oryzivorus | (A) | ||||
| Icterus galbula | (A) | ||||
| Molothrus ater | (A) |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Panuridae
A group of small, often colourful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal and insectivorous.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mniotilta varia | (A) | ||||
| Geothlypas trichas | (A) | ||||
| Setophaga fusca | (A) | ||||
| Setophaga petechia | (A) | ||||
| Setophaga striata | (A) | ||||
| Setophaga coronata | (A) |
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cardinalidae
The cardinals are a family of robust, seed-eating birds with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages.
| width=40% | Common name | width=40% | Binomial | width=20% | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Piranga rubra | (A) | ||||
| Pheucticus ludovicianus | (A) | ||||
| Passerina cyanea | (A) |