List of avant-garde films before 1930 explained

A list of avant-garde and experimental films made before 1930. Though some had dedicated music scores written for them, or were synchronized to records, nearly all of these films were silent. Several of them involve color, through tinting, hand-painting or even photographic color.

List

Title Director Cast Country Subgenre/Notes
1900
A Nymph of the WavesFrederick S. ArmitageCathrina BartoUnited StatesEarly use of optical printing[1]
1901
The Ghost TrainFrederick S. ArmitageUnited StatesUse of overprinting; section shown in negative[2] [3]
Star TheatreFrederick S. ArmitageUnited Statesa.k.a. "Building Up and Demolishing the Star Theatre." Single-frame, time-lapse subject[4] [5]
1903
The Infernal Cake WalkGeorges MélièsFranceGhostly, in-camera superimpositions
Down the HudsonFrederick S. Armitage, A.E. WeedUnited StatesSingle-frame, time-lapse travel actually "up" the Hudson River[6] [7]
1905
Interior NY Subway, 14th Street to 42nd StreetBilly BitzerUnited StatesShot from front of subway car, largely abstract[8]
1906
The '?' MotoristWalter R. BoothUnited KingdomExceptional trick film in the style of Georges Méliés. Produced by R. W. Paul.[9]
1907
Les Kiriki - Acrobates JaponaisesSegundo de ChomónFranceExceptional trick film, shot from the ceiling facing downward[10]
1908
FantasmagorieÉmile CohlFranceEarly animation, reflective of the pre-modernist movement of the Incoherents
1910
The Hasher's DeleriumÉmile CohlFranceEarly animation; representation of a hallucination[11]
1911
The Automatic Moving CompanyRomeo Bosetti and/or Émile CohlFranceOften attributed to Émile Cohl; recent scholarship points toward Bosetti.[12]
A Chord of ColorBruno Corra, Arnaldo GinnaItalyAbstract animation, Lost film[13]
Study on the Effects of Four ColorsBruno Corra, Arnaldo GinnaItalyAbstract animation, Lost film
Translation of Mallarmé's poem "Flowers" into ColorsBruno Corra, Arnaldo GinnaItalyAbstract animation, Lost film
Translation of Mendelssohn's Spring SongBruno Corra, Arnaldo GinnaItalyAbstract animation, Lost film
1912
The DanceBruno Corra, Arnaldo GinnaItalyAbstract animation, Lost film[14]
The RainbowBruno Corra, Arnaldo GinnaItalyAbstract animation, Lost film
1913
Rythmes colorés (Coloured Rhythm)Léopold SurvageFranceAbstract animation; ca. 105 drawings made but not filmed[15] [16] [17]
SuspensePhillips Smalley, Lois WeberValentine Paul, Lois WeberUnited StatesContains early examples of split-screen and a car chase.
1914
Drama in the Futurist's Cabinet No. 13Vladimir KasyanovMikhail Larionov, Natalia Goncharova, David BurliukRussiaLost film[18] [19]
1915
La Folie du Docteur TubeAbel GanceAlbert DieudonnéFranceArchaic trick film, shot through Anamorphic lens[20]
The HypocritesLois WeberCourtenay Foote, Myrtle StedmanUnited StatesAllegorical and highly symbolic religious picture; nude principal character
The Picture of Dorian GrayVsevolod Meyerhold, Mikhail DoroninVavara Yanova, Vsevolod MeyerholdRussiaAdaptation of Oscar Wilde story by symbolist theater director; Lost film
1916
Diana the HuntressCharles W. Allen, Francis Trevelyan MillerLionel Braham, Percy RichardsUnited StatesHighly stylized mythic film; fragment only[21]
IntoleranceD.W. GriffithLillian Gish, Robert HarronUnited StatesInfluential film which attempts to tell four stories at once; extensive use of montage
The Strong ManVsevolod MeyerholdMikhail Doronin, Vsevolod MeyerholdRussiaAdaptation of Stanisław Przybyszewski play by symbolist theater director; Lost film
1917
ThaïsAnton Giulio BragagliaThaïs GalizskyItalyItalian Futurist film; incomplete print extant.[22]
Vita futuristaArnaldo GinnaFilippo Marinetti, Giacomo BallaItalyItalian futurist film; Lost film[23]
1918
Âmes des fousGermaine DulacSylvio de Pedrelli, Ève FrancisFranceSerial which incorporated avant-garde techniques; lost film.[24] [25]
The Blue BirdMaurice TourneurTula Belle, Robin MacdougallUnited StatesStylized, almost surrealistic, fantasy film
Nye dlya deneg radivshisya (Born Not for the Money)Nikandr TurkinVladimir Mayakovsky, David BurliukSoviet UnionRussian futurist adaptation of Jack London story Lost film[26]
Il Perfido IncantoAnton Giulio BragagliaRenée Avril, Thaïs GalizskyItalyLost Italian Futurist film.
PrunellaMaurice TourneurIsabel Berwin, Jules RaucourtUnited StatesStylized, almost surrealistic, fantasy film; only a 30-minute fragment extant[27] [28]
The Young Lady and the HooliganVladimir Mayakovsky, Yevgeni SlavinskyFyodor Dunayev, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Aleksandra RebikovaSoviet UnionThe only surviving film appearance by arch-Russian futurist Vladimir Mayakovsky
1919
The Fall of BabylonD.W. GriffithConstance Talmadge, Alfred PagetUnited StatesEdited from Intolerance, widely influential in Europe; introduced 'Russian montage' to Russia
Rose-FranceMarcel L'HerbierClaude-France Aïssé, Jacque CatelainFranceSymbolic romance
1920
Anywhere Out of the WorldDudley MurphyChase HarringdineUnited StatesDance film, Lost film[29]
AphroditeDudley MurphyKatharine HawleyUnited StatesDance film, Lost film[30] [31]
The Cabinet of Dr. CaligariRobert WieneConrad Veidt, Lil DagoverExpressionist horror film, greatly influential on avant-garde filmmakers, particularly in the United States
La Fête espagnoleGermaine DulacÈve Francis, Gaston ModotFranceFirst film written by Louis Delluc[32]
From Morn to MidnightKarlheinz MartinErnst DeutschWeimar RepublicAdaptation of Expressionist play, only film made by theatre director Martin; barred from German cinemas at the time[33]
GenuineRobert WieneFern Andra, Hans Heinrich von TwardowskiWeimar RepublicParticularly extreme example of Expressionism
Nude Woman by WaterfallClaude Friese-GreeneUnited KingdomDance film.[34]
Le silenceLouis DellucÈve Francis, Gabriel SignoretFranceNaturalist, experimental short[35]
The Soul of the CypressDudley MurphyChase HarringdineUnited StatesDance film[36]
1921
El DoradoMarcel L'HerbierÈve Francis, Jacque CatelainFranceMelodrama, highly stylized sets and use of montage
FièvreLouis DellucÈve Francis, Gaston ModotFranceNaturalist melodrama
ManhattaPaul Strand, Charles SheelerUnited StatesFirst City film[37]
Opus 1Walter RuttmannWeimar RepublicAbstract Animation
Opus 2Walter RuttmannWeimar RepublicAbstract Animation
Rhythmus 21Hans RichterWeimar RepublicAbstract animation. Backdated by Richter, not actually completed or screened in 1921.
1922
Danse macabreDudley MurphyAdolph Bolm, Ruth PageUnited StatesDance film
The Enchanted CityWarren NewcombeUnited StatesArt heavy futurist short[38]
La femme de nulle partLouis DellucÈve Francis, Gine AvrilFranceNaturalist melodrama
Der SiegerWalter RuttmannWeimar RepublicSemi-abstract advertising film
1923
Cœur fidèleJean EpsteinLéon Mathot, Gina ManèsFranceNaturalist melodrama, experimental sequence; cited in Curtis
Dnevnik Glumova (Glumov's Diary)Sergei EisensteinGrigori Alexandrov, Sergei EisensteinSoviet UnionFilmed inserts for The Wise Man, a production of the Moscow Proletkult Central Theater; issued as part of Kino Pravda No. 16[39] [40]
L'ironie du DestinDimitri KirsanoffDimitri Kirsanoff, Nadia SibirskaïaFranceNaturalist melodrama; Lost film
The Man Without DesireAdrian BrunelIvor NovelloUnited KingdomFantasy, cited by Rotha[41]
La mort du soleilGermaine DulacAndré Nox, Denis LorysFranceSocial drama, experimental techniques[42]
Le Retour à la RaisonMan RayAlice Prin (Kiki de Montparnasse)FranceInsert film for a Dadist soirée[43]
La RoueAbel GanceSéverin-Mars, Ivy CloseFranceLengthy melodrama utilizing extensive segments of "Russian montage"
La Souriante Madame BeudetGermaine DulacGermaine Dermoz, Alexandre ArquillièreFranceSocial drama, experimental techniques. Considered one of the first feminist films.[44] Premiered 9 November 1923.[45]
The Crazy RayRené ClairHenri Rollan, Charles MartinelliFranceSurrealist comedy with science-fiction angle[46]
Rhythmus 23Hans RichterWeimar RepublicAbstract animation. Several scholars have shown that Richter likely backdated his film; this was probably made at least several years later.[47]
SaloméCharles R. BryantAlla Nazimova, Mitchell LewisUnited StatesArt Nouveau rendering of biblical story based on Aubrey Beardsley[48]
Sea of DreamsWarren NewcombeHazel LindsleyUnited StatesFuturistic fantasy; Lost film[49]
1924
The Adventures of OktyabrinaGrigori Kozintsev, Leonid TraubergZinaida Torkhovskaya, Yevgeni KumeikoSoviet UnionFirst production of FEKS; lost film[50]
Aelita: Queen of MarsIakov ProtazanovIgor Ilyinsky, Mikhail ZharovSoviet UnionScience-fiction film with Constructivist and Futurist sets.[51]
Ballet MécaniqueFernand Léger, Dudley MurphyAlice PrinFranceCubist film, with music score by George Antheil[52]
Entr'acteRené ClairFranceDadaist insert film for Erik Satie's ballet Relâche[53]
The Fugitive FuturistGaston QuiribetUnited KingdomComedy featuring "melting" wipe effect; futuristic projections on travel[54]
L'InhumaineMarcel L'HerbierGeorgette Leblanc, Jacque CatelainFranceHighly stylized science fiction feature[55]
Interplanetary RevolutionNikolai Khodotaev, Zenon Komisarenko, Yuri MerkolovSoviet UnionSatire of Protazanov's Aelita: Queen of Mars
Kino-EyeDziga VertovSoviet Union
Opus IIIWalter RuttmannWeimar RepublicAbstract animation
Au secours!Abel GanceMax Linder, Jean TouloutFranceHorror-comedy, highly experimental in style[56]
Symphonie DiagonaleViking EggelingSwedenAbstract animation; in production from 1921.
Soviet ToysDziga VertovSoviet UnionSatirical animation and advertising[57]
1925
Les aventures de Robert MacaireJean EpsteinJean Angelo, Alex AllinFranceFantasy serial, cited in Rotha
Battleship PotemkinSergei EisensteinAleksandr Antonov, Grigori AlexandrovSoviet Union"Odessa Steps" sequence is a textbook example of Russian montage
La fille de l'eauJean RenoirCatherine Hessling, Pierre ChampagneFranceNaturalist drama, surrealist influenced[58]
Jean Cocteau fait du cinémaJean CocteauJean CocteauFrance16mm short, Lost film[59]
KIPHOJulius Pinschewer, Guido SeeberWeimar RepublicTrailer for International Film Congress of Berlin, 1925[60]
Lebende BuddhasPaul WegenerPaul Wegener, Asta NielsenWeimar RepublicFragment only; fragment is more experimental than Expressionist
Opus IVWalter RuttmannWeimar RepublicAbstract animation
The Pottery MakerRobert J. FlahertyUnited StatesSemi-documentary, experimental in style[61]
A Quoi revent les jeunes films?Henri Chomette, Man RayFranceLost film. Made as a collaboration between Chomette and Ray; later sub-divided into three different films.[62]
Rebus Film Nr. 1Paul LeniWeimar RepublicSemi-abstract filmed puzzle, part of a series of eight films[63]
Rhythmus 25Hans RichterWeimar RepublicAbstract animation; Lost film[64]
StrikeSergei EisensteinSoviet Union
StromlinienOskar FischingerWeimar RepublicAbstract animation[65]
The WayFrancis BrugièreSebastian Droste, Rosalinde FullerUnited StatesUnrealized project, dated by Rotha to 1923 and often dated to 1929; 1925 is correct[66]
1926
Anémic cinémaMarcel DuchampFranceDadaist semi-animated film[67]
Cinq minutes de cinéma purHenri ChometteFranceExtract from A Quoi revent les jeunes films?
Jeux des reflets et de la vitesseHenri ChometteFranceExtract from A Quoi revent les jeunes films?
MénilmontantDimitri KirsanoffFranceUrban realist melodrama[68]
FilmstudieHans RichterWeimar RepublicMerger between abstract animation and photographic abstraction[69]
MoonlandNeil McGuire, William A. O'ConnorMickey McBanUnited StatesFantasy short, surrealist sets & situations[70]
MotherVsevolod PudovkinVera Baranovskaya, Nikolai BatalovSoviet UnionGripping social realist drama, heavy use of montage
A Page of MadnessTeinosuke KinugasaMasuo Inoue, Yoshie Nakagawa JapanSurreal, intense representation of insanity using highly advanced film techniques.[71]
Raumlichtkunst seriesOskar FischingerWeimar RepublicAbstract animation; multiple projector performances. Reconstructed 2012 by CVM in HD as a three projector installation.[72]
Rien que les heuresAlberto CavalcantiBlanche Bernis, Nina ChousvalowaFranceCity film
Secrets of a SoulG. W. PabstWerner Krauss, Ruth WeyherWeimar RepublicCo-written with psychoanalysts Karl Abraham and Hanns Sachs, with dream sequence and sets by Ernő Metzner.
A Sixth Part of the WorldDziga VertovSoviet Union
SpiralsOskar FischingerWeimar RepublicAbstract Animation; incorporates footage made several years earlier[73]
Le voyage imaginaireRené ClairDolly Davis, Jean BõrlinFranceFantasy film with surrealist elements[74]
Wax ExperimentsOskar FischingerWeimar RepublicAbstract Animation; incorporates footage going back to c. 1921
1927
Bed and SofaAbram RoomNikolai Batalov, Vladimir Fogel, Lyudmila SemyonovaSoviet UnionWritten by Viktor Shklovsky
Weimar RepublicCity film
City FilmRalph SteinerUnited StatesAmateur City film[75]
Combat de BoxeCharles DekeukeleireBelgiumStaging of boxing match, based on poem by Paul Werrie
Emak-BakiaMan RayAlice PrinFranceExtract from A Quoi revent les jeunes films?
The End of St. PetersburgVsevolod Pudovkin, Mikhail DollerAleksandr Chistyakov, Vera BaranovskayaSoviet UnionHistoric epic
La Glace à trois faces (The Three-Sided Mirror)Jean EpsteinRaymond Guérin-Catelain, Jeanne HelblingFranceAvant-garde projection of a narrative romance.[76]
Les Halles centralesBoris KaufmanFranceCity film[77]
L'invitation au voyageGermaine DulacEmma Gynt, Raymond DubreuilFranceImpressionistic "Cinéma pur"[78]
Die LandpartieAlex StrasserWeimar RepublicAnimated "grotesque"[79]
Loony LensAl BrickUnited StatesAnamorphic views; insert series to Fox Movietone newsreels, begun 1924, only 4 known,[80]
La marche des machinesEugène DeslawFranceSemi-abstract art film of machinery; filmed by Boris Kaufman[81]
München-Berlin WanderungOskar FischingerWeimar RepublicPhotographic single-frame film. Not released until decades later.[82]
NapoléonAbel GanceAlbert Dieudonné, Antonin ArtaudFranceEnormous historic epic, experimental techniques and multi-screen
Magic UmbrellaJerome HillUnited StatesGenre parody, filmed in Rome; color and sound added in 1965[83]
OrgelstabeOskar FischingerWeimar RepublicAbstract animation; series of experiments made over several years.
La p'tite LiliAlberto CavalcantiCatherine Hessling, Jean RenoirFranceNaturalist short, street film
PreludeCastleton KnightUnited KingdomExperimental projection of Edgar Allan Poe's The Premature Burial, conventionally framed.[84]
En radeAlberto CavalcantiPierre Batcheff, Blanche BernisFranceUrban realist melodrama
Seelische KonstruktionenOskar FischingerWeimar RepublicAbstract animation.
Sur un air de CharlestonJean RenoirCatherine Hessling, Johnny HudginsFranceSilly, surrealist dance short with sci-fi elements
Le train sans yeuxAlberto CavalcantiHans Mierendorff, Gina ManèsFranceWritten by Louis Delluc
Vieux châteauxEugène DeslawZet MolanFranceArtful semi-documentary
Wing BeatKenneth MacPhersonUnited Kingdom
Your AcquaintanceLev KuleshovPyotr Galadzhev, Aleksandra Khokhlova, Yuri VasilchikovSoviet UnionArt direction by Aleksandr Rodchenko. Only a fragment survives.
1928
L'ArgentMarcel L'HerbierBrigitte Helm, Alfred AbelFranceExperimental, modernized treatment of Zola novel
Blue BottlesIvor MontaguElsa Lanchester, Joe BeckettUnited KingdomHybrid of experimental style and slapstick comedy[85]
De Brug (The Bridge)Joris IvensNetherlands
Celles qui s'en fontGermaine DulacFranceVisualization of music
The Fall of the House of UsherJean EpsteinJean Debucourt, Marguerite GanceFranceHorror, highly stylized
Disque 957Germaine DulacFranceVisualization of music[86]
The Eleventh YearDziga VertovSoviet Union
L'Étoile de merMan RayAlice PrinFrance
Ghosts Before BreakfastHans RichterWeimar RepublicDadaist fantasy
Grotesken im SchneeAlex Strasser, Lotte ReinigerWeimar RepublicAnimated "grotesque" with sillouhettes
HändeStella Simon, Miklós BandyWeimar RepublicStylized love story utilizing only hands; made in silent and sound versions[87]
InflationHans RichterWeimar RepublicMontage made for the feature Der Dame mit der Maske (1928).[88] Visual abstraction on the subject of runaway inflation in Weimar-era Germany.
ImpatienceCharles DekeukeleireYvonne SelmaBelgiumPhotographic abstract film
In the Shadow of the MachineAlbrecht Viktor Blum, Leo LaniaWeimar RepublicMontage made of footage shot by Dziga Vertov for A Sixth Part of the World
Johann the Coffin MakerRobert FloreyUnited StatesHorror short, Lost film
JûjiroTeinosuke KinugasaAkiko Chihaya, Junosuke BandoJapanExpressionistic treatment of Samurai story[89]
The Last MomentPaul FejosOtto Matieson, Lucille La VerneUnited StatesIndependently-made, experimental feature; Lost film
The Life and Death of 9413 - A Hollywood ExtraRobert Florey, Slavko VorkapichJules Raucourt, George VoyaUnited StatesUltra low budget anti-Hollywood film[90] [91]
The Love of ZeroRobert FloreyAnielka Elter, Captain Marco ElterUnited States
Les nuits électriquesEugène DeslawFranceSemi-abstract art film of neon signs[92]
October, a.k.a. Ten Days That Shook the WorldSergei EisensteinNikolay Popov, Vasily NikandrovSoviet UnionContains Eisenstein's most radical uses of montage
Le petite marchande d'alumettesJean Renoir, Jean TedescoCatherine Hessling, Eric BarclayFranceFantasy short with surrealist elements[93]
Praha v záři světel (Prague Shining in Lights)Svatopluk InnemannCzechoslovakiaCity film[94]
RennsymphonieHans RichterWeimar Republic
The Seashell and the ClergymanGermaine DulacAlex Allin, Genica AthanasiouFranceSurrealist dream film written by Antonin Artaud. Often dated to 1927, but premiered in Paris, 9 February 1928.[95]
The Tell-Tale HeartCharles KleinCharles Darvas, Hans FuerbergUnited StatesHorror short[96]
Thèmes et VariationsGermaine DulacFranceVisualization of music[97]
There It IsCharles BowersCharles Bowers, Kathryn McGuireUnited StatesTwo reel comedy, absurd in the extreme
Twenty-Four Dollar IslandRobert J. FlahertyUnited StatesCity film, variously dated to 1926, 1927. Premiered in NYC, 1 January 1928[98]
ÜberfallErnő MetznerWeimar Republic
The Fall of the House of UsherJames Sibley Watson, Melville WebberUnited StatesShort film
Koko's Earth ControlDave Fleischer, Max FleischerKoko the Clown United StatesAnimated cartoon with exceptional visual dynamism; flash frames
ZvenigoraOleksandr DovzhenkoMikola Nademsky, Semen Svashenko, Alexander PodorozhnySoviet UnionFilm poem with fantasy elements[99]
1929
Alles dreht sich, alles bewegt sich (Everything Turns, Everything Revolves)Hans RichterWeimar RepublicSound; music by Walter Gronostay. Only roughly half of this 15-minute experimental short still survives.[100] [101]
ArsenalOleksandr DovzhenkoAmvrosy Buchma, Georgiy Kharkiv, Semyon SvashenkoSoviet Union
The BridgeCharles VidorNicholas Bela, Charles DarvasUnited StatesExperimental narrative film based on Ambrose Bierce story, also known as The Spy; sometimes dated 1930-31
Brumes d'automneDimitri KirsanoffNadia SibirskaïaFranceFilm poem, with synchronized music track[102]
Dr Turner's Mental HomeDora Carrington, Beakus PenroseUnited KingdomShort, experimental melodrama. Not publicly screened.
DriftersJohn GriersonUnited KingdomDocumentary with a distinctly modernist orientation[103]
Étude cinégraphique sur une arabesqueGermaine DulacFranceVisualization of music[104]
Every DayHans RichterSergei Eisenstein, Basil WrightUnited KingdomArtful semi-documentary about everyday life[105]
H2ORalph SteinerUnited States
Histoire de détectiveCharles DekeukeleirePierre BourgeoisBelgiumSemi-abstract film; despite the title, not a detective story
Images d'OstendeHenri StorckBelgium
Impressionen vom alten Marseiller Hafen (Vieux Port)László Moholy-NagyWeimar RepublicCity film
LullabyBoris DeutschRiva Deutsch, Michael VisaroffUnited StatesExpressionist drama, likely incomplete; Horak dates it to 1925
Man with a Movie CameraDziga VertovSoviet Union
Monkey's MoonKenneth MacPherson
MontparnasseEugène DeslawLuis Buñuel, Filippo MarinettiFranceCity film, with synchronized sound[106]
My GrandmotherKote MikaberidzeAleksandr Takaishvili, Bella ChernovaGeorgiaEccentric combination of avant-garde and social comedy
Les Mystères du Château de DéMan RayMan Ray, Georges AuricFranceSurrealist short funded by Charles De Noailles
The New BabylonGrigori Kozintsev, Leonid TraubergDavid Gutman, Yelena KuzminaSoviet UnionProduction of the Factory of the Eccentric Actor[107]
La PerleHenri D'UrselGeorges Hugnet, Kissa Kouprine, Renee Savoye, Mary StutzBelgiumExperimental narrative film.[108]
Pour vos beaux yeuxHenri StorckBelgium
RainJoris Ivens, Mannus FrankenNetherlands
Skyscraper SymphonyRobert FloreyUnited StatesCity film[109]
The Storming of La SarrazHans Richter, Sergei Eisenstein, Ivor MontaguBéla Balász, Léon MoussinacWeimar RepublicMade during a film conference; Lost film
Studie Nr. 1Oskar FischingerWeimar RepublicAbstract animation.
TusalavaLen LyeNew ZealandAbstract animation[110]
Un Chien AndalouLuis BuñuelPierre Batcheff, Simone MareuilFranceShort surrealist film written by Buñuel and Salvador Dalí
War Under the SeaM.G. MacPherson, Jean MichelsonUnited StatesArtkino[111] production; Lost film

See also

References

Notes and References

  1. Web site: A Nymph of the Waves. www.youtube.com.
  2. Web site: The Ghost Train, 1903. www.youtube.com.
  3. http://unseen-cinema.com Unseen Cinema DVD Notes
  4. Web site: Star Theatre. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA.
  5. Bruce Posner, Unseen Cinema: Early American Avant-Garde Film 1893-1941, Black Thistle Press/Anthology Film Archives 2001
  6. Unseen Cinema DVD Notes http://unseen-cinema.com/
  7. Web site: Scenic Hudson.
  8. [MoMA]
  9. Web site: '?' Motorist, The (1906) . BFI Screenonline.
  10. Web site: Les Kiriki - Acrobates japonais - 1907 - Europa Film Treasures . 5 December 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121022123724/http://www.europafilmtreasures.eu/PY/252/see-the-film-ki_ri_ki_-_japanese_acrobats . 22 October 2012 . dead .
  11. Web site: 1910 - an Animated Masterpiece - the Hasher's Delirium - Emile Cohl. 9 September 2010.
  12. Web site: The Automatic Moving Company.
  13. Web site: Bendazzi . Giannalberto . The Italians Who Invented the Drawn-On Film Technique . Iota Center. 25 August 2005 .
  14. Web site: Bassan . Raphaël . Dec 2011 . Cinema and Abstraction: From Bruno Corra to Hugo Verlinde . Senses of Cinema.
  15. Web site: Léopold Survage | MoMA.
  16. Standish D. Lawder, "The Cubist Cinema." New York University Press Anthology Film Archives series, 1975,
  17. Web site: Leopold Survage - Colored Rhythm (BRUCE CHECEFSKY). www.youtube.com.
  18. Web site: The Drama in the Futurists Cabinet No. 13 (1914) . Nitrateville.
  19. Book: Leyda, Jay . Kino: History of the Russian and Soviet Film . 1960 . 978-0047910067.
  20. Book: Curtis, David. Experimental Cinema. 1 January 1971. Universe Books. 0876631316 .
  21. Web site: Silent Beauties: Diana the Huntress - 1916. 15 March 2012.
  22. Web site: "THAIS" del 1916 con la Regia di Anton Giulio Bragaglia -CINEMA FUTURISTA: Film . https://web.archive.org/web/20120215070531/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IA6znP94GHg . Feb 15, 2012 . www.youtube.com.
  23. Web site: Love Story of the Painter Balla and a Chair. Trisha. Baga. 27 February 2010. Vimeo.
  24. Gwendolyn Audrey Foster, "Wome Film Directors: An International Bio-Critical Dictionary. Greenwood Press, Westport CT 1995, pg. 116
  25. Sandy Flitterman-Lewis, "To Desire Differently: Feminism and the French Cinema. University of Illinois Press, Chicago, 1990
  26. Petrić, Vlada. Constructivism in Film: The Man With the Movie Camera:A Cinematic Analysis. Cambridge University Press. 1987. Page 32.
  27. Web site: Le Giornate del Cinema Muto - Database Proiezioni - PRUNELLA. www.cinetecadelfriuli.org.
  28. Web site: Prunella (1918). IMDb.
  29. Susan Delson, "Dudley Murphy: Hollywood Wild Card" University of Minnesota Press, 2006
  30. Web site: Reviews: Soul of the Cypress [and] Danse Macabre]. www.weirdwildrealm.com.
  31. [William Moritz]
  32. Web site: Le silence (1920) . .
  33. Web site: From Morning to Midnight (Web Exclusive). Cineaste Magazine. en-US. 2017-08-20.
  34. Web site: Nude Woman by Waterfall (1920) - extract - Claude Friese-Greene | BFI. www.youtube.com.
  35. Book: Abel, Richard . French Cinema: The First Wave, 1915-1929 . August 21, 1984 . Princeton University Press . 978-0691054087.
  36. http://www.unseen-cinema.com Unseen Cinema: Viva la Dance
  37. Web site: Paul Strand - Manhatta (1921) . https://web.archive.org/web/20140220162214/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fGAt0ic52gc&app=desktop . Feb 20, 2014 . www.youtube.com.
  38. William Moritz, "Visual Music and Film-As-An-Art Before 1950" in Karlstrom, ed. On the Edge of America: California Modernist Art 1900-1950 University of California Press, 2005
  39. Cavendish . Phil . 2013 . From "Lost" to "Found": The "Rediscovery" of Sergei Eisenstein's Glumov's Diary and its avant-garde context . KinoKultura . 41.
  40. James Goodwin, Eisenstein, Cinema and History. University of Illinois Press, 1993
  41. Web site: BFI Screenonline: Man Without Desire, The (1923). www.screenonline.org.uk.
  42. Web site: La Mort Du Soleil (Death of the Sun). 14 September 2003.
  43. Web site: Review of the film Le Retour à la raison (1923). James. Travers. 28 December 2002. frenchfilms.org.
  44. Web site: The First Feminist Film (1922). Maria. Popova. 5 June 2012.
  45. Web site: La Souriante Madame Beudet. www.allocine.fr.
  46. Web site: The Crazy Ray - Paris Qui Dort. www.cs.mcgill.ca.
  47. Web site: Abstract Films from the 1920s: Making Rhythm Visible. 13 June 2011.
  48. Web site: Coulthart . John . 20 April 2007 . Alla Nazimova's Salomé .
  49. William Moritz, "Visual Music and Film-As-An-Art Before 1950" in Karlstrom, ed. "On the Edge of America: California Modernist Art 1900-1950" University of California Press, 2005
  50. Vselovod Pudovkin -- "The Youth of Maxim," Izvestiya, 17 December 1934; reprinted in Ian Christie, Richard Taylor -- "The Film Factory: Russian and Soviet Cinema in Documents 1896-1939," Routledge, Abingdon, Oxon 2002, ppg. 339
  51. Web site: Central Europe Review - Aelita: The first Soviet sci-fi film? . www.ce-review.org . 12 January 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20050404105213/http://www.ce-review.org/00/1/kinoeye1_horton.html . 4 April 2005 . dead.
  52. Web site: MOMA dadabase entry.
  53. Web site: Film Notes -Entr' Acte. www.albany.edu.
  54. Web site: The Fugitive Futurist (1924) | BFI National Archive. www.youtube.com.
  55. Web site: Gleaming the Cubist.
  56. Web site: The Devil's Manor: Au Secours! 1923.
  57. Web site: Dziga Vertov's Soviet Toys. 29 January 2012.
  58. Web site: 莆田看纺传媒广告有限公司. www.digitalsilents.com.
  59. Web site: Ciné-club : Jean Cocteau. www.cineclubdecaen.com.
  60. Malte Hagener, "Moving Forward, Looking Back: The European Avant-Garde and the Invention of Film Culture, 1919-1999" Amsterdam University Press, 2007
  61. Web site: Antti Alanen: Film Diary: The Pottery Maker. Antti. Alanen. 19 January 2010.
  62. http://www.roberthaller.com/firstlight/chomette.html First Light: Chomette
  63. Web site: Kino Lorber: Avant-Garde 2.
  64. Web site: Richter, Hans – Senses of Cinema. Richard. Suchenski. 22 June 2017.
  65. Moritz, William. Optical Poetry. Fischinger filmography
  66. Web site: Strange Flowers blog.
  67. Web site: DADA Companion entry.
  68. Web site: Santiago Rubin de Celis, "The Paradoxes of Dimitri Kirsanoff".
  69. Web site: Hans Richter - Filmstudie (1926). Experimental Cinema.
  70. http://www.unseen-cinema.com Unseen Cinema program
  71. Open Culture: A Page of Madness: The Lost, Avant Garde Masterpiece from the Early Days of Japanese Cinema (1926)http://www.openculture.com/2014/07/a-page-of-madness.html
  72. Web site: CVM - Raumlichtkunst.
  73. Moritz, William. Optical Poetry. Fischinger Filmography
  74. The Film Till Now: A Survey of World Cinema, with an additional section by Richard Griffith, revised and enlarged edition, (London: Vision, 1949)
  75. Jan-Christoper Horak, ed., Lovers of Cinema: the first American film avant-garde, 1919-1945. University of Wisconsin Press, 1998.
  76. Senses of Cinema, "La Glace à trois faces," http://sensesofcinema.com/2006/cteq/glace-a-trois-faces/
  77. Web site: Les Halles centrales (1927). IMDb.
  78. Web site: Double Bill: L'invitation au voyage (Germaine Dulac, 1927) & Paris qui dort (René Clair, 1924) . Sabzian.
  79. Web site: Filmblatt – Filmblatt ist die filmwissenschaftliche Zeitschrift von CineGraph Babelsberg e.V.. 16 December 2023.
  80. Web site: Silent Era : Home Video Reviews. www.silentera.com.
  81. Web site: Vieux châteaux (1927). IMDb.
  82. Moritz, William. Optical Poetry, Fischinger Filmography
  83. Web site: The Jerome Foundation.
  84. Web site: Prelude (1927) | BFI National Archive. www.youtube.com.
  85. Web site: BFI Screenonline: Blue Bottles (1928). www.screenonline.org.uk.
  86. Web site: Light Cone - DISQUE 957. lightcone.org.
  87. http://www.unseen-cinema.com Unseen Cinema DVD notes
  88. Web site: Die Dame mit der Maske | filmportal.de. www.filmportal.de.
  89. Web site: Crossroads (1928) . .
  90. Web site: Forgotten Classics of Yesteryear: The Life and Death of 9413: A Hollywood Extra. Nathanael. Hood. 17 July 2010.
  91. Jan Christopher Horak, ed. Lovers of Cinema: The First American Avant-Garde, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison WI 1995
  92. Web site: Les nuits électriques (1928). IMDb.
  93. Web site: The Art and Culture of the Movies blog.
  94. Web site: Bohemian National Hall program.
  95. Maryann de Julio, "Another Look at Germaine Dulac’s The Seashell and the Clergyman." Senses of Cinema, December 2013 http://sensesofcinema.com/2013/feature-articles/another-look-at-germaine-dulacs-the-seashell-and-the-clergyman/
  96. Web site: Jennifer Baldwin, "The Tell-Tale Lens".
  97. Web site: Light Cone - THÈMES ET VARIATIONS. lightcone.org.
  98. Web site: The Twenty-Four Dollar Island (1927) . Ferdy On Films.
  99. Web site: Zvenigora (no 52). 5 February 2010.
  100. Web site: Alles dreht sich, alles bewegt sich! . www.lost-films.eu.
  101. Web site: Hans Richter - Alles dreht sich, alles bewegt sich! (1929) . Experimental Cinema.
  102. Web site: Brumes d'automne (1929) . .
  103. Web site: BFI Screenonline: Drifters (1929). www.screenonline.org.uk.
  104. Web site: Light Cone - ÉTUDE CINÉGRAPHIQUE SUR UNE ARABESQUE. lightcone.org.
  105. Web site: BFI Screenonline: Every Day (1929). www.screenonline.org.uk.
  106. Web site: Montparnasse (1929). IMDb.
  107. News: Vincent Canby . Vincent Canby . 3 October 1983 . 'New Babylon,' Silent Russian Classic . The New York Times.
  108. Web site: La perle. IMDb.
  109. Web site: DVD More Treasures from the American Film Arcbives.
  110. Web site: BFI Screenonline: Tusalava (1929). www.screenonline.org.uk.
  111. Web site: Unseen cinema. 1, The mechanized eye. Episode 16, "Oil" : a symphony in motion / Cineric, Inc. presents ; by Jean Michelson and M.G. MacPherson for Artkino ; direction, M.G. MacPherson . catalog.library.vanderbilt.edu . 29 January 2022 . en . Unrelated to the U.S. distributor of Soviet films, Artkino was the name chosen by two amateur movie enthusiasts, Jean D. Michelson and M.G. McPherson, from Burbank, California. In the late 1920s and early 1930s they completed several fiction shorts, which they shot in 35mm, including "War Under the Sea” (1929), "The Trap” (1930), and "Oil” (1930-33). —JAN-CHRISTOPHER HORAK.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "List of avant-garde films before 1930".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.