List of assassinations in Lebanon explained

This is a list of assassinations in Lebanon.

Pre-1970s

DateVictim(s)LocationMethodAssassin(s)Notes
1152Raymond II of Tripoli, count of TripoliTripoliKilled by Hashshashin
April 28, 1192Conrad of MontferratTyreKilled by Hashshashin
August 17, 1270Philip of Montfort, Lord of TyreKilled by Hashshashin
1528Muhammad Agha Shu'ayb, Tripoli rulerTripoliAssassinated along with his son in the Taynal Mosque of Tripoli.
August 6, 1921Fouad Jumblatt, Druze leaderShakeeb Wahhab
October 31, 1950Sami al-Hinnawi, Syrian head of stateBeirutShootingHersho al-BaraziKilled by a cousin of former Prime Minister Muhsin al-Barazi, who al-Hinnawi had executed following a coup.
July 17, 1951Riad Al Solh, first Prime minister of LebanonAmmanShootingSSNPIn revenge for the execution of Antoun Saadeh
May 8, 1958Nasib Al Matn, Nasserist journalistBeirutShootingPro-Chamoun LebaneseAl Matni was assassinated in his office in West Beirut in the early hours on 8 May 1958.[1]
September 1958Fouad Haddad, Journalist at the Kataeb Party's Al Amal newspaperBeirutAbductionKidnapped in Beirut and killed in September 1958.[2]
October 13, 1958Waheed el Solh, aide to Prime Minister Sami SolhBeirutSniperfireAssassinated during the 1958 Lebanon Crisis
July 12, 1959Naim Moghabghab, Member of Parliament for the National Liberal PartyShootingProgressive Socialist PartyKilled when opponents attacked him in his car
May 16, 1966Kamel Mrowa, the publisher of Al-Hayat and The Daily Star newspapersBeirutShootingAdnan Chaker Sultani (INM)Shot at his office in Beirut.

1970s

DateVictim(s)LocationMethodAssassin(s)Notes
March 4, 1972Muhammad Umran, former Minister of Defense of SyriaTripoliShootingShot outside his home in Tripoli
July 8, 1972Ghassan Kanafani, Palestinian writer & spokesperson for the Popular Front for the Liberation of PalestineBeirutBombMossadKilled by a 3-kg bomb attached to his car in Beirut along with his 17-year old niece.
April 9, 1973Kamal Adwan, senior Fatah officerBeirutRaidIsrael Defence ForceSee IDF seaborne attack
Muhammad Youssef al-Najjar, Palestine Liberation Organization executiveWife and elderly neighbor also killed in response to the Munich massacre
Kamal Nasser, Palestinian poetSee 1973 Israeli raid on Lebanon
March 6, 1975Maarouf Saad, Member of Parliament for SidonSidonShootingLebanese Army (Alleged)Shot during a fisherman's protest and later died in a Beirut hospital
July 15, 1975Amine Abouchahine, senior member of the Progressive Socialist PartyKataeb Regulatory Forces
May 25, 1976Linda Jumblatt, sister of Kamal JumblattBeirutShootingNational Liberal PartyShe was killed in her apartment in Beirut's eastern suburbs. Her two daughters were also injured.[3]
June 16, 1976Francis E. Meloy, Jr., United States Ambassador to LebanonBeirutAbductionKidnapped by members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine and the bullet-riddled bodies had been found on a garbage dump near the beach in Ramlet al-Baida
June 16, 1976Robert O. Waring, US Economic Counselor to Lebanon
March 16, 1977Kamal Jumblatt, Druze leaderBaakleenShootingIbrahim Huwayji, Syrian Intelligence Officer Kamal Jumblatt was gunned down in his car near the village of Baakline in the Chouf mountains by unidentified gunmen.[4] [5] [6] His bodyguard and driver also died in the attack.
June 7, 1978[7] Joud el Bayeh, Kataeb Party leader in Zgharta and Marada Movement affiliateZghartaMarada MovementHis assassination is believed to have triggered the Ehden massacre.
June 13, 1978Tony Frangieh, Christian leaderEhdenMass killingPhalangistsKilled by Phalangists led by Elie Hobeika during the Ehden massacre
January 22, 1979Ali Hassan Salameh, Fatah security chief and CIA assetBeirutCar bombMossadKilled in a car bomb along with eight other people in Beirut

1980s

DateVictim(s)LocationMethodAssassin(s)Notes
March 6, 1980Salim Lawzi, journalistAramounShootingSyrian intelligence agentsHe was kidnapped by gunmen on the Airport Road on 25 February 1980. His heavily bruised tortured body was found nine days later on 4 March 1980 in Aramoun, on the outskirts of Beirut.[8]
May 2, 1980Hassan al-Shirazi, Iraqi-Iranian Shia scholarBorj el BrajnehShootingBa'ath officersThirteen bullets hit al-Shirazi, mostly in his head, killing him.[9]
July 23, 1980Riad Taha, journalist and president of the Lebanese Publishers Association.BeirutShootingUnknownAlthough there have been rumors that Syrian intelligence killed him, there is also another report, stating that Taha was killed due to the feud between his family and another Shiite family.[10]
July 28, 1980Musa Shuaib, poet and member of Ba'ath PartyBeirutCar bombUnknownKilled by a car bomb at Beirut International Airport along with three others
August 16, 1981Elias Hannush, NLP commanderBeirutShootingLeftist gunmenHis nine-year-old daughter, his seven-year-old son, and two bodyguards were also gunned down.[11]
September 4, 1981Louis Delamare, French ambassadorBeirutShootingRed Knights MilitiaWas shot at a checkpoint in Beirut.
March 16, 1982Bachir Kayrouz, former MP[12] HazmiehShootingUnknownWas killed in Hazmieh
April 1982Sheikh Ahmad Assaf, Sunni cleric[13] BeirutShootingLeftist gunmenGunned down by three assailants while driving home from a mosque in West Beirut.
September 14, 1982Bachir Gemayel, President-elect of LebanonBeirutBombingHabib Tanious Shartouni and Nabil AlamBomb explosion in the Kataeb's Beirut headquarters.[14]
September 29, 1982Saad Sayel, senior PLO commanderRayakShootingAbu Nidal GroupHe was taken by ambulance to the Mowasat hospital in Damascus, where he died from severe bleeding.
April 18, 1983Robert Ames, CIA chiefBeirutSuicide vanHezbollahA suicide bombing in Beirut, Lebanon, that killed 32 Lebanese, 17 Americans, and 14 visitors and passers-by. The victims were mostly embassy and CIA staff members.
Kenneth Haas, Station Chief
James Lewis, CIA officer
Janet Lee Stevens, American journalist
William R. McIntyre, deputy director of the United States Agency for International Development
December 1, 1983Sheik Halim Takieddin, Druze leader[15] BeirutShootingUnknownWas found dead at his home in West Beirut.
January 19, 1984Malcolm H. Kerr, President of the AUBBeirutShootingIslamic Jihad OrganisationShot by two gunmen outside his office
February 14, 1984Ghaith Khoury, Kataeb leader in JbeilOkaibeShootingGeorges Tannous Chidiac[16] His wife was also killed due to her injuries
March 1984Peter KilburnAbductionIslamic Jihad Organization
February 16, 1984Ragheb Harb, Shia leader in south LebanonJibchitShootingDanny Abdallah and Hussein AbbasShot outside his home by Lebanese criminals, allegedly at the direction of Mossad.
December 28, 1984Sheikh Khalil al Tawil, Druze leaderBaakleenShootingUnknownWas killed by four gunmen[17]
June 3, 1985William Francis Buckley, officer at the U.S. embassyExecutionIslamic Jihad OrganizationAbducted in Beirut on March 16, 1984. Executed in 1985.
February 9, 1986Khalil Akkawi, leader of the Islamic Unification MovementTripoliShootingSyriaSyrian Military Intelligence killed Tawhid leader Khalil Akkawi because he refused to fight the Lebanese Forces.[18] Three supporters of Akkawi's Islamic Tawheed, or Islamic Unification Movement, were slain in gunfights with Syrian troopers after his burial.[19]
May 18, 1987Mahdi Amel, Marxist intellectual and militantBeirutShootingPro-Iranian Shia CriminalsAmel was walking on Algeria street when armed men shot him.[20]
June 1, 1987Rashid Karami, Prime Minister of LebanonBeirutHelicopter bombingSyria (alleged)Killed by bomb aboard helicopter, planted by the Lebanese Forces.
August 2, 1987Mohammad Choucair, advisor to President Amine GemayelBeirutShootingSyriaKilled in his West Beirut apartment.
February 9, 1989Anwar al-Fatayri, Progressive Socialist Party officialDeri el QamarShootingOfficer in the Lebanese armyShot at a public event
May 1, 1989Sobhi Saleh, head of the Sunni Islamic Higher Council.BeirutShootingUnknownWas killed by masked men in motorcycles near a mosque in West Beirut.[21]
February 17, 1987Husayn Muruwwa, Marxist philosopherBeirutShootingPro-Iranian Shia CriminalsShot in his head by gunmen at his house
September 24, 1987André Mass, director of USJ in SaidaSidonShootingUnknownThree men stormed into his office and killed him.[22]
May 16, 1989Hassan Khaled, leader of Sunni communityBeirutCar bombSyriaKhaled and 21 others were killed.[23]
September 21, 1989Nazem Qadri, Member of Parliament from Beqaa regionBeirutShootingSyriaDriver also killed
November 22, 1989René Moawad, President of LebanonBeirutCar bombUnknownKilled along with 23 others when a 250-kg car bomb exploded while he was being driven through West Beirut

1990s

DateVictim(s)LocationMethodAssassin(s)Notes
January 19, 1990Elias Zayek, Kataeb commanderByblosShootingLebanese ForcesWas shot and killed in Jbeil
October 21, 1990Dany Chamoun, son of former President Camille ChamounBeirutShootingSyria[24] Killed along with his wife and 2 sons. Lebanese Forces leader Samir Geagea was convicted but later cleared of the murder.
December 1991Mustafa Jeha, writer and Al-Amal contributor[25] BeirutShootingHezbollahHe was a critic of Hezbollah and Iran
February 16, 1992Abbas al-Musawi, Secretary-General of HezbollahNabatiehAirstrikeIDFKilled in an airstrike which also killed his wife, son and four others
August 6, 1993Henri Philippe Pharaoun, former Foreign MinisterBeirutStabbingFormer bodyguardWas murdered in his bedroom at the Carlton Hotel[26]
January 29, 1994Naib Ma'ayta, First Secretary of the Jordanian Embassy[27] BeirutShootingFatahShot in head and chest by lone gunman outside his Beirut apartment[28]
April 13, 1994Talib Suhayl al-Tamimi, leading member of the Council for a Free Iraq.BeirutShootingIraqi intelligence Four diplomats from the Iraqi embassy detained. One died in prison, the other three sent back to Iraq in 1996[29]
August 31, 1995Nizar al-Halabi, leader of the Al-Ahbash Sufi movement[30] BeirutShootingmembers of Osbat al-AnsarKilled instantly when gunmen in a white Mercedes opened fire on his car in West Beirut

2000s

DateVictim(s)LocationMethodAssassin(s)Notes
January 30, 2000Aql Hashem, Colonel in the South Lebanon ArmyDebelBombingHezbollahKilled by a remote-controlled bomb in his farm outside Debel. The planning and execution of the operation was filmed and broadcast by Hizbollah's own TV-station Al-Manar.
January 24, 2002Elie Hobeika, militia leaderHazmiyehCar bombDisputedKilled by a car bomb near his house in the Beirut suburb of Hazmiyeh. The explosion killed three other people, including his two bodyguards, and wounded six more people.[31]
May 7, 2002Ramzi Irani, Lebanese Forces student representative at Lebanese UniversityBeirutExecutionCold caseWas walking down Hamra Street on his way to celebrate the birthday of his 5-year-old daughter, Yasmina when he was kidnapped without a trace.
May 17, 2003Abdullah Shraidi, former leader of Osbat al-NourAin el-HilwehShootingFatahShraidi died two months later, in July,[32] from wounds sustained during the shooting.
May 20, 2002Jihad Ahmed Jibril, leader of the military wing of the PFLP-GCBeirutCar bombMossadA 2 kg TNT booby trap had been put under the driver's seat of his car. The blast occurred in a crowded commercial center in Beirut's Mar Elias district.
May 2, 2004Pierre Boulos, former chairman of LF students' branchGemmayzehAbductionFound dead in his car outside the Gemayze Hospital after disappearing.[33]
July 19, 2004Ghaleb Awwali, Amal officialBeirutCar bombKilled by a car bomb in Beirut
February 14, 2005Rafik Hariri, billionaire and former Prime Minister of LebanonBeirutCar bombKilled, along with more than 20 others by a one tonne truck bomb that exploded as his motorcade passed by in Beirut. See Assassination of Rafic Hariri
Bassel Fleihan, Economics Minister in the Hariri governmentBeirutCar bombHezbollahTravelling in Hariri's motorcade, died of wounds sustained in explosion. See Assassination of Rafic Hariri
June 2, 2005Samir Kassir, columnist at "An Nahar" newspaper and fierce critic of SyriaBeirutCar bombSyriaKassir was assassinated using a car bomb in Beirut on 2 June 2005, just a few days after the general elections.[34]
June 21, 2005George Hawi, former chief of the Lebanese Communist PartyBeirutCar bombHezbollahWhen a bomb planted in his Mercedes car was detonated by remote control, as he travelled through Beirut's Wata Musaitbi neighbourhood.[35]
December 12, 2005Gibran Tueni, Editor in Chief of "An Nahar" newspaperMkallesCar bombStrugglers for the Unity and Freedom of al-ShamTwo of his bodyguards were also killed in the blast.
May 26, 2006Mahmoud al-Majzoub, Palestinian Islamic Jihad officialSidonCar bombMossadHis brother Nidal al-Majzoub also died in the explosion.
November 21, 2006Pierre Gemayel, Minister of IndustryJdeidehShootingStrugglers for the Unity and Freedom of al-ShamThe day before Lebanese Independence Day, at least three to four gunmen opened fire at close range on Gemayel with five different types of suppressed automatic weapons
June 13, 2007Walid Eido, Future Party member of the Lebanese ParliamentBeirutCar bombSyrian intelligenceSeveral citizens were also killed, two of whom were Nejmeh footballers, Hussein Naeem and Hussein Dokmak.
September 19, 2007Antoine Ghanim, member of the Lebanese ParliamentSin el FilCar bombSyrian intelligenceThe car-bomb that killed him along with at least six others, including his two bodyguards, one of whom is Antoine Daou.
December 12, 2007François al-Hajj, GeneralBaabdaCar bombSyrian intelligenceFour other people, including his bodyguard, also died in the attack.[36]
January 25, 2008Wissam Eid, senior intelligence official within the Internal Security Forces of LebanonHazmiyehCar bombSyrian intelligenceA car bomb attack containing an explosive charge of at least 50 kg of explosives killed him, along with his bodyguard and two civilians
February 12, 2008Imad Mughniyah, senior Hezbollah memberKafr SousaCar bombMossadKilled by a car bomb blast at around 23:00 in the Kafr Sousa neighborhood of Damascus, Syria.
September 10, 2008Saleh al Aridi, leader of the Lebanese Democratic PartyBaissourCar bombUnknownKilled by a 700gm bomb placed in his car outside his home in Aley District
March 23, 2009Kamal Naji, deputy representative of the PLO in LebanonMieh MiehBombMossad (alleged)Naji and three others were killed when a roadside bomb exploded as his convoy was passing the Kifah el Musallah security check point to Mieh Mieh camp near Sidon.[37]

2010s

DateVictim(s)LocationMethodAssassin(s)Notes
October 19, 2012Wissam al-Hassan, head of information branch of the Internal Security ForcesBeirutCar bombSyrian intelligenceSeven other people including his driver also died and nearly eighty people were wounded in the huge blast.[38]
December 4, 2013Hassan al-Laqqis, military commander of HezbollahHadathShootingISIS in LebanonA number of gunmen shot him in the head in his car from close range as he arrived at his home
December 27, 2013Mohamad Chatah, former finance minister, ambassador to the United States, and advisor to Prime Minister Saad HaririBeirutCar bombHezbollahKilled by a car bomb in Beirut. Presumed to be because Chatah was mentioned as a potential candidate for prime minister. Saad Hariri hinted that he believed the assassins to be from Hezbollah.[39]
February 20, 2014Abdulrahman Diab, Arab Democratic Party official[40] TripoliShootingUnknownGunned down in his car by passing motorcyclists

2020's

DateVictim(s)LocationMethodAssassin(s)Notes
December 2, 2020Mounir Abou Rjeily, head of the anti-smuggling unit in the Higher Customs CouncilQartabaStabbingUnknownIt was found that the head was injured by a sharp instrument which led to his death.[41]
February 4, 2021Lokman Slim, publisher, political activist and commentatorAddousiyeh[42] ShootingHezbollahStated that Hezbollah supporters had been threatening him at his home and accusing him of treason before his murder.[43]
July 30, 2023Abu Ashraf al Armoushi, Fatah militantAin el-HilwehShootingShabab Al-MuslimIslamist militants ambushed a Fatah military general in a parking lot, killing him and three bodyguards.
August 6, 2023Elias Hasrouni, former Lebanese Forces official[44] Ain EbelShootingHezbollahLebanese Forces veteran was found murdered in his car at his hometown.
January 2, 2024Saleh al-Arouri, deputy leader of HamasDahiehAirstrikeIDFKilled along with six others by an Israeli drone strike in Dahieh, Beirut.[45]
January 8, 2024Wissam al-Tawil, commander in Hezbollah's Radwan ForceMajdel SelmAirstrikeIDFHighest ranking Hezbollah official killed during the 2023 Israel–Hezbollah conflict.[46]
January 9, 2024 Ali Hussein Barji, Hezbollah aerial forces commanderKhirbet SelmAirstrikeIDFHe was killed in an Israeli airstrike while attending the funeral of Wissam al-Tawil
April 7, 2024Pascal Suleiman, Lebanese Forces coordinatorByblosShootingSyrian gangHis abandoned body was found by Syrian soldiers in the Hawit area of Syria. Motives remain unknown.[47]
April 9, 2024Mohammad Srour, Hamas money smugglerBeit MeriShootingMossad (alleged)According to the US Treasury, Srour funneled millions of dollars from Iran to Hamas.[48]
June 14, 2024Taleb Abdallah, commander of Hezbollah's Naser unitJwayaAirstrikeIDFThree other Hezbollah members were killed in the airstrike.[49]
July 30, 2024Fuad Shuker, senior Hezbollah leader and member of the Jihad CouncilHaret HreikAirstrikeIDFSix other deaths including Iranian military advisor, Milad Bidi.
August 9, 2024Samer al-Hajj, Hamas security agent.[50] SidonAirstrikeIDFTwo civilians, a Palestinian and a Lebanese, were also injured.[51]

See also

References

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  22. Web site: lebanons02 . 2014-10-15 . Assassination of Father André Mass, the director of USJ’s branch in Saida . 2024-05-23 . Civil Society Knowledge Centre . en.
  23. https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FA0712F83E5A0C748DDDAC0894D1484D81 Sunni Muslim chief killed in Lebanon
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  29. Middle East International No 543, 7 February 1997; Giles Trendle p.12
  30. Middle East International No 508, 8 September 1995; G.H.Jansen pp.13-14
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  42. Web site: LOKMAN MOHSEN SLIM . 2024-05-23 . Lokman Slim Foundation . en.
  43. Web site: Jenkins . Cameron . 2021-02-04 . Lebanese activist who spoke out against Hezbollah found dead in car . 2022-03-30 . TheHill . en.
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  45. News: 2023-01-02 . Israeli drone kills deputy Hamas chief in Beirut . 2023-01-02 . Reuters.
  46. News: 8 January 2024 . حزب الله يعلن استشهاد أرفع قيادي بصفوفه منذ بدء الحرب مع الاحتلال ...الشرق الأوسط . Hezbollah announces the martyrdom of its highest-ranking leader since the start of the war with the occupation... The Middle East . 8 January 2024 . pressbee . Arabic.
  47. Web site: الوكالة الوطنية للإعلام - Army receives body of citizen Pascal Suleiman from Syrian authorities . 2024-04-11 . National News Agency . en.
  48. Web site: National . The . 2024-04-15 . Lebanese officials say Mossad killed Hamas financier in Beirut suburb . 2024-05-24 . The National . en.
  49. News: Livni . Ephrat . Ward . Euan . 2024-06-12 . Senior Hezbollah Commander Is Killed in Israeli Strike . 2024-06-14 . The New York Times . en-US . 0362-4331.
  50. Web site: 9 August 2024 . Israel steps up attacks in Lebanon, kills Hamas official . Al Jazeera.
  51. Web site: 9 August 2024 . Israel assassinates Hamas leader in Lebanon . Quds Network.

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