List of armed conflicts in 2020 explained

The following is a list of armed conflicts with victims in 2020.

List guidelines

Listed are the armed conflicts having done globally at least 100 victims and at least 1 victim during the year 2020.

10,000 or more deaths in 2020

Conflicts in the following list have caused at least 10,000 direct violent deaths in 2020.

Start of conflict	Conflict	Continent	Location	data-sort-type="number"	Fatalities in 2020
align=center	1978	Afghan conflict Soviet–Afghan War Afghan Civil War (1989–1992) Afghan Civil War (1992–1996) Afghan Civil War (1996–2001) War on terror Current phase Islamic State–Taliban conflict	Asia	Afghanistan	^[1] ^[2] ^[3] ^[4]
align=center	2006	Mexican Drug War Infighting in the Gulf Cartel Jalisco Cartel New Generation-Los Caballeros Templarios Cartel War Infighting in Los Zetas Piracy on Falcon Lake	North America	Mexico	^[5]
align=center	2011	Yemeni crisis Yemeni civil war (2014–present) Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen Saudi Arabian–Yemeni border conflict Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war	Asia	Yemen Saudi Arabia	^[6]

1,000–9,999 deaths in 2020

Conflicts in the following list have caused at least 1,000 and fewer than 10,000 direct violent deaths in 2020.
Conflicts causing at least 1,000 deaths in one calendar year are considered wars by the Uppsala Conflict Data Program.^[7]

Start of conflict	Conflict	Continent	Location	data-sort-type="number"	Fatalities in 2020
1988	Nagorno-Karabakh conflict Second Nagorno-Karabakh War	Asia	Azerbaijan	6,935^[8] ^[9] ^[10] ^[11]
align=center	1991	Somali Civil War Current phase Operation Atalanta	Africa		3,082^[12] ^[13] ^[14] ^[15] ^[16]
align=center	1999	Ituri conflict	Africa		1,750^[17] ^[18] ^[19] ^[20] ^[21] ^[22] ^[23] ^[24] ^[25] ^[26]
align=center	2002	Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)	Africa	Algeria Burkina Faso Chad Libya Mali Mauritania Morocco Niger Tunisia	6,700+^[27]
align=center	2003	Sinaloa Cartel–Gulf Cartel conflict	North America	Mexico	1,105^[28]
align=center	2003	Iraq conflict Iraq War Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013) War in Iraq (2013–2017) Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present) 2019–2021 Iraqi protests	Asia	Iraq	2,510^[29] ^[30]
2004	Kivu conflict	Africa		3,319+^[31] ^[32] ^[33] ^[34]
align=center	2009	Boko Haram insurgency	Africa	Nigeria Cameroon Niger Chad	7,300+^[35]
align=center	2011	Libyan conflict Libyan civil war (2014–2020)	Africa	Libya	1,486^[36] ^[37] ^[38] ^[39] ^[40] ^[41] ^[42] ^[43] ^[44]
align=center	2011	Syrian civil war Opposition–Islamic State conflict during the Syrian civil war Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian civil war Syrian Liberation Front–Tahrir al-Sham conflict National Front for Liberation–Tahrir al-Sham conflict Syrian–Turkish border clashes during the Syrian civil war Rojava conflict Rojava–Islamist conflict	Asia		6,817^[45] –7,673^[46]
align=center	2011	Ethnic violence in South Sudan	Africa		2,252^[47] ^[48] ^[49] ^[50] ^[51]
align=center	2012	Mali War	Africa	Mali	2,754+
align=center	2017	Insurgency in Cabo Delgado	Africa	Mozambique	1,717^[52] ^[53] ^[54] ^[55] ^[56] ^[57] ^[58] ^[59] ^[60]
align=center	2020	Tigray War	Africa	Eritrea Ethiopia Sudan	1,600+^[61] ^[62] ^[63] ^[64] ^[65] ^[66] ^[67] ^[68]

100–999 deaths in 2020

Conflicts in the following list have caused at least 100 and fewer than 1,000 direct violent deaths in 2020.

Start of conflict	Conflict	Continent	Location	data-sort-type="number"	Fatalities in 2020
align=center	1947	Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir (Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts)	Asia	"width: 26px"	India Pakistan	700+^[69] ^[70]
align=center	1948	Myanmar conflict Kachin conflict Karen conflict Rohingya conflict Conflict in Rakhine State (2016–present)	Asia	Myanmar	650^[71]
align=center	1948	Insurgency in Balochistan Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency	Asia	Pakistan	400+^[72]
align=center	1963	Katanga insurgency	Africa		168+
align=center	1960	South Thailand insurgency	Asia	Thailand	121^[73] ^[74] ^[75] ^[76] ^[77] ^[78] ^[79] ^[80] ^[81] ^[82] ^[83] ^[84]
1963	Papua conflict	Oceania	Indonesia	100^[85] ^[86] ^[87]
align=center	1964	Colombian conflict Catatumbo campaign	South America	Colombia	765+^[88]
align=center	1967	Naxalite–Maoist insurgency	Asia	India	500+^[89] ^[90]
1968	Moro conflict	Asia	Philippines	400+^[91] ^[92] ^[93] ^[94] ^[95]
1969	Communist armed conflicts in the Philippines New People's Army rebellion	Asia	Philippines	155^[96] ^[97] ^[98]
1973	Oromo conflict	Africa	Ethiopia	420+^[99] ^[100] ^[101]
align=center	1984	Kurdish–Turkish conflict Kurdish–Turkish conflict (2015–present)	Asia	Turkey Iraq	533+^[102] ^[103] ^[104] ^[105] ^[106] ^[107]
align=center	1996	Allied Democratic Forces insurgency	Africa	Uganda	900+^[108]
align=center	1998	Communal conflicts in Nigeria	Africa	Nigeria	600+^[109] ^[110] ^[111]
1999	Internal conflict in Bangladesh Bangladesh drug war	Asia	Bangladesh	164+
2003	War in Darfur	Africa	Sudan	650+^[112] ^[113] ^[114]
align=center	2004	Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa	Asia	Pakistan	209^[115]
align=center	2011	Sinai insurgency	Africa	Egypt	562+
2011	Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile	Africa	Sudan	150+
align=center	2012	Central African Republic conflict	Africa	Central African Republic	324+
2013	Insurgency in Egypt	Africa	Egypt	595^[116]
align=center	2014	Russo-Ukrainian War War in Donbass	Europe	Ukraine	107^[117]
2016	Philippine Drug War	Asia	Philippines	400+^[118] ^[119] ^[120]
align=center	2017	Anglophone Crisis	Africa	Cameroon	527+
align=center	2019	2019–20 Persian Gulf crisis	Asia	Iraq Saudi Arabia	220^[121] ^[122]
align=center	2019	Metekel conflict	Africa	Ethiopia	437+^[123] ^[124] ^[125] ^[126]

Fewer than 100 deaths in 2020

Conflicts in the following list have caused at least 1 and fewer than 100 direct violent deaths in 2020.

Start of conflict	Conflict	Continent	Location	data-sort-type="number"	Fatalities in 2020
1785	Chechen-Russian conflict Insurgency in the North Caucasus	Europe		39+^[127] ^[128]
1922	Arab separatism in Khuzestan	Asia		34+
1946	Kurdish separatism in Iran	Asia		52+^[129] ^[130] ^[131]
1948	Israeli–Palestinian conflict Gaza–Israel conflict	Asia	Israel	33^[132] ^[133] ^[134] ^[135] ^[136] ^[137] ^[138]
2010	Crisis in Venezuela Operation Gideon	South America		6^[139] ^[140] ^[141]
1950	Korean conflict	Asia		2^[142] ^[143]
1954	Insurgency in Northeast India Insurgency in Meghalaya Assam separatist movements Insurgency in Manipur Ethnic conflict in Nagaland	Asia	India	25^[144]
2020	Afar-Somali clashes	Africa	Ethiopia	27
1970	Western Sahara conflict 2020 Western Saharan clashes	Africa	Morocco	0–1+^[145]
1975	Cabinda War	Africa	Angola	68^[146]
1980	Internal conflict in Peru	South America	Peru	38
align=center	1987	Lord's Resistance Army insurgency	Africa	Uganda Central African Republic	27+^[147] ^[148]
2005	Insurgency in Paraguay	South America	Paraguay	18
2007	Terrorism in Sindh	Asia	Pakistan	51^[149]
2009	Terrorism in Punjab	Asia	Pakistan	16^[150]
2011	Syrian Civil War spillover in Lebanon	Asia	Lebanon	35+^[151]
2015	ISIL insurgency in Tunisia	Africa	Tunisia	13+
2016				25+

Deaths by country

Fatalities related to armed conflict, by country^[152]

Rank	Country	Deaths
1	Mexico	34,512
2	Afghanistan	30,974
3	Yemen	19,561
4		7,620
5	Nigeria	7,172
6		6,162
7	Azerbaijan/	6,110
8	Somalia	2,950
9	Mali	2,734
10	Iraq	2,436
11	Burkina Faso	2,268
12		2,245
13	Ethiopia	1,813
14	Mozambique	1,696
15	Libya	1,484
16	Cameroon	1,447
17	Philippines	1,316
18	India	783
19	Colombia	765
20	Myanmar	650

See also

• 2020s in military history
  • List of number of conflicts per year
• List of civil wars
• List of proxy wars
• List of terrorist incidents
• Lists of active separatist movements
• List of active rebel groups
• List of rebel groups that control territory
• List of designated terrorist groups
• List of wars extended by diplomatic irregularity
• Frozen conflict
• Uppsala Conflict Data Program
• Casualty recording
• Failed state

External links

• "Major Episodes of Political Violence 1946–2019" – List of armed conflicts compiled by Monty G. Marshall, director of the Center for Systemic Peace, based on research sponsored by the Political Instability Task Force.
• UCDP Conflict Encyclopedia – Uppsala Conflict Data Program of the Department of Peace and Conflict Research at Uppsala University.
• Armed Conflicts Report Interactive Map, by Project Ploughshares.
• Global Conflict Tracker, by the Council on Foreign Relations.
• CrisisWatch – Monthly bulletin, interactive map and database on ongoing conflicts by the International Crisis Group.
• Map of the world's conflicts, by IRIN.
• History Guy's coverage of 21st century wars
• Heidelberg Institute for International Conflict Research (HIIK)
  • Conflict Barometer – Describes recent trends in conflict development, escalations, and settlements
• Insight on Conflict – Database on peace-building initiatives in areas of conflict
• Mapped: Where are the World's Ongoing Conflicts Today? an infographic map on ongoing conflicts

References

NotesCitations

Notes and References

1. https://www.acleddata.com/data/ ACLED data
2. Web site: Afghanistan: 34 people killed in two suicide bombings . Al Jazeera.
3. Web site: At least five killed, two wounded in Kabul car bomb blast . Al Jazeera.
4. Web site: Afghanistan: at least two killed in series of blasts in Kabul. December 26, 2020. The National.
5. Web site: La mayoría de los homicidios en México tiene que ver con el narcotráfico . DW.COM.
6. Web site: McKernan . Bethan . 30 December 2020 . Aden airport blasts kill 26 in attack 'directed at Yemen government' . 24 October 2021 . The Guardian.
7. Web site: Definitions Uppsala Conflict Data Program. Uppsala Conflict Data Program. 4 May 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20101025230318/http://www.pcr.uu.se/research/ucdp/definitions/. 25 October 2010. live.
8. Web site: List of servicemen who died as Shehids in the Patriotic War. 28 December 2020.
9. Web site: Four Azerbaijanis killed in mine blast in Fuzuli region. 28 December 2020.
10. Web site: Over 3,300 Armenians killed since the beginning of the 6-week Warin Karabakh. 2 January 2021.
11. Web site: SOHR exclusive Death toll of mercenaries in Azerbaijan is higher than that in Libya, while Syrian fighters given varying payments. 3 December 2020.
12. News: Three Americans killed in attack on Kenya base. BBC News. 5 January 2020.
13. Web site: US says airstrike kills 6 al-Shabab in Somalia after ambush. 26 August 2020. AP NEWS.
14. Web site: US soldier hurt, 2 Somali soldiers dead in al-Shabab attack. 7 September 2020. AP NEWS.
15. Web site: Suicide bomber kills several in Mogadishu ice-cream parlour. www.aljazeera.com.
16. Web site: Landmine blast kills 9 in Somalia. www.aa.com.tr.
17. Web site: Militia massacre: 20 villagers killed in northeast DR Congo. www.aljazeera.com.
18. Web site: Militia Kills 16 Villagers in Democratic Republic of Congo Raid. 3 June 2020. NYTimes.com.
19. Web site: 309 militias, 63 soldiers killed in DR Congo offensive. www.aa.com.tr.
20. Web site: 23 dead in clashes between DR Congo army, militias. www.aa.com.tr.
21. Web site: Seven killed in new DR Congo 'militia' attack . www.thesundaily.my . 1920-06-11 . 2020-06-11.
22. Web site: Mueren diez personas en un nuevo ataque achacado a la milicia CODECO en el noreste de RDC. 10 June 2020. Europa Press.
23. Web site: DR Congo – Rebels Killed in Ituri. MarketWatch.
24. Web site: Militia ambush kills 11 in DR Congo's troubled Ituri region. 5 July 2020. France 24.
25. Web site: ACLED. ACLED.
26. Web site: Dozens dead in DR Congo militia attack. www.aa.com.tr.
27. Web site: Mid-Year Update: 10 Conflicts to Worry About in 2020. 18 August 2020.
28. Web site: UCDP – Uppsala Conflict Data Program. 14 July 2021. ucdp.uu.se.
29. Web site: Regional Overview: Middle East | 7–13 June 2020. 17 June 2020.
30. Web site: Iraq: military kills 42 ISIS fighters in southern Mosul. December 14, 2020. The National.
31. News: DR Congo again blames Hutu rebels for ranger massacre. . Bangkok Post.
32. Web site: Gunmen kill more than dozen civilians in eastern DR Congo attacks. www.aljazeera.com.
33. Web site: Attack on coltan mine in Congo leaves three dead. 24 June 2020.
34. Web site: Six soldiers among eight dead in DR Congo attack. www.thenews.com.pk.
35. Web site: 'Tens of civilians' killed in gruesome Nigeria massacre, UN says. www.aljazeera.com.
36. Web site: Libya conflict: Tripoli military school suffers deadly air strike . BBC . 5 January 2020 . 2020-01-26.
37. Web site: Turkish-backed mercenaries continue to be killed in Libya and Information about field executions carried out by them near Tripoli . syriahr.com . 16 January 2020 . 2020-12-20.
38. Web site: Three Turkish soldiers killed in Libya as Haftar's forces advance on Misrata. Ahval.
39. Web site: Libya peace talks to go ahead in Berlin despite ceasefire setback . The Guardian . 14 January 2020 . 2020-01-26.
40. Web site: One year of destructive war in Libya, UNSMIL renews calls for immediate cessation of hostilities and unity to combat COVID-19 . UNSMIL . 2020-04-04 . 2020-06-14.
41. Web site: Turkish involvement in Libya's war | Turkey sends new 400 mercenaries to Libya, and over 350 killed so far • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. 1 June 2020.
42. News: Erdogan says two Turkish troops killed in Libya conflict. Reuters. 25 February 2020. www.reuters.com.
43. Web site: Erdogan Confirms First Turkish Soldier Deaths in Libya | Voice of America – English. www.voanews.com.
44. Web site: Celebrating the return of commander from Libya | Al-Hamza Division members open fire up in the air in Jendires triggering panic among people • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. 15 June 2020.
45. Web site: Lowest yearly death toll ever 6,817 people killed across Syria in 2020, of whom 22.4% are civilians. Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. 31 December 2020.
46. Web site: Regional Overview: Middle East | 6-12 December 2020 | ACLED. December 17, 2020.
47. Web site: UN says death toll from tribal clashes in Abyei reached 32. Associated Press. 23 January 2020.
48. Web site: More Than 200 Killed in South Sudan Inter-Communal Violence | Voice of America – English. www.voanews.com.
49. Web site: Hundreds killed in inter-communal clashes in South Sudan. www.aljazeera.com.
50. Web site: South Sudan: Soldiers Kill Civilians in Land Dispute. 9 June 2020. Human Rights Watch.
51. Web site: Death toll from South Sudan soldiers, civilians clashes hits 127. www.aljazeera.com. 12 August 2020.
52. Web site: Mozambique: Attack on military base leaves 22 dead in Cabo Delgado province January 23 . Garda World.
53. Web site: AP News . 7 beheaded by extremists in Mozambique's gas-rich north. 7 February 2020.
54. News: Mozambique forces killed over 100 Islamist insurgents in past month: government . 28 April 2020. Reuters.
55. Web site: Mozambique Islamist Insurgency Intensifies Attacks . Mthokozisi. Dube. The African Exponent.
56. Web site: Acled data . 8–14 June 2020 . Cabo Ligado Weekly . 16 June 2020.
57. Web site: 15–21 June 2020 . Cabo Ligado Weekly . 23 June 2020.
58. Web site: 22–28 June 2020 . Cabo Ligado Weekly . 1 July 2020.
59. Web site: 29 June – 5 July 2020. Cabo Ligado Weekly . 7 July 2020.
60. News: Militant Islamists 'behead more than 50' in Mozambique. BBC News. 9 November 2020.
61. News: Hundreds dead in worsening Ethiopian conflict, sources say. Giulia. Paravicini. Reuters. 9 November 2020. www.reuters.com.
62. Web site: Ethiopia: Investigation reveals evidence that scores of civilians were killed in massacre in Tigray state. www.amnesty.org. 12 November 2020.
63. News: Ethiopia commission says Tigray youth group killed 600 civilians in Nov 9 attack. Reuters. November 24, 2020. www.reuters.com.
64. News: Tigray rebels say nine civilians killed in Ethiopian attack. Reuters. November 21, 2020. www.reuters.com.
65. News: Ethiopia crisis: Tigray leader vows to keep fighting as government advances. BBC News. November 18, 2020.
66. News: 600 civilians were killed in massacre in Tigray, Ethiopia's rights commission says . en-US . Washington Post . 2022-04-01 . 0190-8286.
67. Web site: Regional Overview: Africa | 22-28 November 2020 | ACLED. December 2, 2020.
68. News: Refugees Come Under Fire as Old Foes Fight in Concert in Ethiopia. Declan. Walsh. Simon. Marks. The New York Times. December 28, 2020.
69. Web site: CDT Spotlight: Continuing Conflict in Jammu & Kashmir. 5 October 2020.
70. Web site: Regional Overview: South Asia | 29 November-5 December 2020 | ACLED. December 9, 2020.
71. Web site: Coronavirus Cover: Myanmar Civilians Under Fire. 6 May 2020.
72. Web site: Datasheet - Balochistan. South Asian Terrorism Portal. 10 May 2020.
73. Web site: Summary of Incidents in Southern Thailand, JANUARY 2020 | DeepSouthWatch.org. deepsouthwatch.org.
74. Web site: Summary of Incidents in Southern Thailand, FEBRUARY 2020 | DeepSouthWatch.org. deepsouthwatch.org.
75. Web site: Summary of Incidents in Southern Thailand, MARCH 2020 | DeepSouthWatch.org. deepsouthwatch.org.
76. Web site: Summary of Incidents in Southern Thailand, APRIL 2020 | DeepSouthWatch.org. deepsouthwatch.org.
77. Web site: Summary of Incidents in Southern Thailand, MAY 2020 | DeepSouthWatch.org. deepsouthwatch.org.
78. Web site: Summary of Incidents in Southern Thailand, JUNE 2020 | DeepSouthWatch.org. deepsouthwatch.org.
79. Web site: Summary of Incidents in Southern Thailand, JULY 2020 | DeepSouthWatch.org. deepsouthwatch.org.
80. Web site: Summary of Incidents in Southern Thailand, AUGUST 2020 | DeepSouthWatch.org. deepsouthwatch.org.
81. Web site: Summary of Incidents in Southern Thailand, SEPTEMBER 2020 DeepSouthWatch.org. 2020-10-23. deepsouthwatch.org.
82. Web site: Summary of Incidents in Southern Thailand, OCTOBER 2020 DeepSouthWatch.org. 2020-10-23. deepsouthwatch.org.
83. Web site: Summary of Incidents in Southern Thailand, NOVEMBER 2020 DeepSouthWatch.org. 2020-12-16. deepsouthwatch.org.
84. Web site: Summary of Incidents in Southern Thailand, DECEMBER 2020 DeepSouthWatch.org. 2021-01-19. deepsouthwatch.org.
85. Web site: Two Papuan refugees shot dead by Indonesian military personnel.
86. News: Dosen UGM anggota tim pencari fakta kematian pendeta Papua tertembak dan dievakuasi, TPNPB klaim bertanggung jawab. id. BBC News Indonesia. 2020-10-13.
87. Web site: Regional Overview: Southeast Asia | 22-28 November 2020 | ACLED. December 2, 2020.
88. Web site: Dashboard. ACLED . 28 August 2019. 21 July 2020.
89. Web site: Sukma Attack News: Bastar Maoist ambush: 17 security personnel killed, 15 injured | India News – Times of India. The Times of India.
90. Web site: datasheet-terrorist-attack-fatalities . Terrorism | South Asia Terrorism Portal . 2020-03-06 . 2020-06-24.
91. Web site: Philippine Soldiers Suffer Heavy Death Toll in Clash with Abu Sayyaf Militants. BenarNews.
92. Web site: Philippine Army: 10 BIFF Militants Killed in Maguindanao Clash. BenarNews.
93. Web site: At Least 14 Killed After Suicide Bombers Hit Philippines. 24 August 2020. New York Times.
94. Web site: Philippines: Abu Sayyaf Militants Killed in Clash with Commandos. BenarNews.
95. Web site: Philippine Military Kills 7 Abu Sayyaf Suspects in High Seas Shootout. BenarNews.
96. Web site: Philippine Troops Kill 5 Suspected NPA Rebels in Negros Oriental Clash. BenarNews.
97. Web site: Philippine Army Inflicts Heavy Toll in Clash with Communist Rebels. BenarNews.
98. Web site: 155 NPA rebels killed last year – PNP. January 4, 2021.
99. Web site: Armed group attacked village killing ethnic Amharas, destroying homes. www.amnesty.org. 2 November 2020.
100. Web site: Ethiopia arrests suspects over Haacaaluu Hundeessaa killing. www.aljazeera.com.
101. Web site: Regional police kill 24 OLF-Shane militants.
102. Web site: Turkey's PKK Conflict: A Visual Explainer. 1 March 2019. Crisis Group.
103. Web site: Iraqis flee border areas as Turkey strikes Kurdish militants. 22 June 2020. AP NEWS.
104. Web site: Fifth Turkish soldier killed in Kurdistan Region.
105. Web site: HPG: Heftanin'de onlarca asker cezalandırıldı. ANF News.
106. Web site: HPG: Two helicopters damaged, 22 soldiers killed in Heftanin. ANF News.
107. Web site: CrisisWatch Print. Crisis Group.
108. News: Suspected Islamist militants kill 13 in eastern Congo villages. Erikas Mwisi. Kambale. Reuters. 22 August 2020. www.reuters.com.
109. Web site: Violence in Plateau State, Nigeria Escalates with more Muslim Fulani Herdsmen Attacks. 30 January 2020.
110. News: Suspected Boko Haram Fighters Kill at Least 30 in Nigeria. The New York Times. 10 February 2020.
111. Web site: Nigeria: At least 33 killed in southern Kaduna state despite 24-hour curfew. www.csw.org.uk.
112. Web site: UN condemns deadly violence in Sudan's North Darfur. www.aljazeera.com.
113. News: Gunmen kill at least 22 villagers in South Darfur, locals say. Reuters. 25 July 2020. www.reuters.com.
114. Sudan sending troops to Darfur after 60 killed. 27 July 2020. www.rte.ie.
115. Web site: Congo Army Says its Forces Recapture Eastern Village From Islamist Group Voice of America - English. 2021-01-09. www.voanews.com. en.
116. Web site: Egypt army says killed over 70 extremists in north Sinai. 30 August 2020. Al Arabiya English.
117. Web site: Regional Overview: Europe | 6–12 September 2020. 17 September 2020.
118. Web site: Gunmen Kill Ex-Police General in Northern Philippines. BenarNews.
119. Web site: Senior Philippine Prisons Official Gunned Down. BenarNews.
120. Web site: Another Spike in Philippines' 'Drug War' Deaths. 28 September 2020. Human Rights Watch.
121. Web site: Iran's top nuclear scientist killed in apparent assassination, state media reports. Tamara Qiblawi, Nick Paton Walsh, Ramin Mostaghim, Mostafa Salem and Ivana Kottasová. CNN.
122. News: Air strike kills IRGC commander at Iraq-Syria border - Iraqi officials. Reuters. November 30, 2020. www.reuters.com.
123. News: Benishangul-Gumuz: Attackers kill dozens in western Ethiopia. BBC News. December 23, 2020.
124. Web site: Analysis: Weeks long attacks on civilians leave several dead, injured in Metekel zone, Benishangul Gumuz region. September 16, 2020.
125. Web site: News: PM Abiy meets Metekel residents to discuss security; meeting comes a day after door-to-door 'hunt' launched to control "criminal groups" behind attacks on civilians. December 22, 2020.
126. News: Death toll from attack in western Ethiopia reaches 222, Red Cross says. Reuters. December 25, 2020. www.reuters.com.
127. News: 2020-10-13. Two police officers killed in Chechnya shootout with militants: Chechen leader. en. Reuters. 2020-10-13.
128. News: 2020-12-28. Policeman killed in Chechnya knife attack. en. Reuters. 2020-12-28.
129. Web site: Iran IRGC commander, other members killed in Kurdistan: Report. 5 May 2020. Al Arabiya English.
130. Web site: Gunmen kill 3 Iranian border guards in Kurdish area near Iraq border. 29 May 2020. Al Arabiya English.
131. Web site: 2020-06-24. At least three soldiers killed amid IRGC-Kurdish opposition clashes in northwest Iran. 2020-10-13. Al Arabiya English. en.
132. News: Israeli Soldier Is Killed in West Bank as Tensions Rise Over Annexation Push. David M.. Halbfinger. The New York Times. 12 May 2020.
133. News: Palestinian teenager killed in West Bank clash. BBC News. 11 March 2020.
134. Web site: Israel/Palestinian Terr.: IDF shoot Palestinian dead in suspected car ramming attack in West Bank May 29. GardaWorld.
135. Web site: Palestinian Driver Shot Dead After Alleged Car-Ramming on Israeli Police. 23 June 2020. NYTimes.com.
136. Web site: Data on casualties. www.ochaopt.org. 2020-07-06.
137. Web site: Israeli rabbi killed by Palestinian in stabbing attack on street, says police. 26 August 2020. Al Arabiya English.
138. Web site: Palestinians: West Bank teen wounded by Israeli gunfire dies. ABC News.
139. Web site: Venezuela 'failed coup plot': What we know so far. www.aljazeera.com. 6 May 2020.
140. News: 6 May 2020. Mozo Zambrano. Reynaldo. Padrino López anuncia captura de tres "mercenarios" en la carretera El Junquito-Carayaca. Padrino Lopez announces the capture of three "mercenaries" on the El Junquito-Carayaca Highway. es-es. Efecto Cocuyo. 6 May 2020.
141. News: Faiola. Anthony. Boburg. Shawn. Herrero. Ana Vanessa. 10 May 2020. Venezuela raid: How an ex-Green Beret and a defecting general planned to capture Maduro. The Washington Post. live. 11 May 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200511025514/https://washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/venezuela-raid-jordan-goudreau-cliver-alcala-maduro/2020/05/10/767c3386-9194-11ea-9322-a29e75effc93_story.html. 11 May 2020.
142. News: North Korea 'killed and burned South Korean official. BBC.
143. Web site: Full Dashboard ACLED. accledata.com. 28 August 2019.
144. Web site: 2021-01-07. Guterres 'shocked' at massacre of civilians in eastern DR Congo. 2021-01-09. UN News. en.
145. Web site: 2020-11-14. Marruecos reconoce "hostigamientos" del Frente Polisario, pero sin víctimas mortales. 2020-11-15. www.elconfidencial.com. en.
146. Web site: Angolas Cabinda Separatists Say Fresh Clashes Killed 12. UrduPoint.
147. News: Asesinados tres civiles en un ataque achacado al LRA de Joseph Kony en el noreste de RDC. 29 April 2020. es.
148. Web site: Crisis Tracker. crisistracker.org.
149. Web site: datasheet-terrorist-attack-fatalities. satp.org. 2020-07-02.
150. Web site: datasheet-terrorist-attack-fatalities. satp.org. 2020-05-11.
151. Web site: Two soldiers killed in northern Lebanon barracks attack. September 28, 2020. Arab News.
152. Web site: Curated Data . Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project . 2019-04-10.