List of archive formats explained

This is a list of file formats used by archivers and compressors used to create archive files.

Archive formats by purpose

Archive formats are used for backups, mobility, and archiving. Many archive formats compress the data to consume less storage space and result in quicker transfer times as the same data is represented by fewer bytes. Another benefit is that files are combined into one archive file which has less overhead for managing or transferring. There are numerous compression algorithms available to losslessly compress archived data; some algorithms are designed to work better (smaller archive or faster compression) with particular data types. Archive formats are used by most operating systems to package software for easier distribution and installation than binary executables.

Archiving only

File extension(s)MIME typeOfficial namePlatformDescription
.a, .arapplication/x-archiveUnix ArchiverUnix-likeThe traditional archive format on Unix-like systems, now used mainly for the creation of static libraries.
.cpioapplication/x-cpiocpioUnix-likeRPM files consist of metadata concatenated with (usually) a cpio archive. Newer RPM systems also support other archives, as cpio is becoming obsolete. cpio is also used with initramfs.
.sharapplication/x-sharShell archiveUnix-likeA self-extracting archive that uses the Bourne shell (sh).
.LBR.LBRCP/MDOSA system for storing multiple files. LBR archives typically contained files processed by SQ, or the archive itself was compressed with SQ. LBR archives that were compressed with SQ ended with the extension .LQR
.isoapplication/x-iso9660-imageISO-9660 image(Various; cross platform)An archive format originally used mainly for archiving and distribution of the exact, nearly-exact, or custom-modified contents of an optical storage medium such as a CD-ROM or DVD-ROM. However, it can be used to archive the contents of other storage media, selected partitions, folders, and/or files. The resulting archive is typically optimized for convenient rendering to (re-)writable CD or DVD media.
.lbrCommodore 64/128A library format used primarily on the Commodore 64 and 128 lines of computers. This bears no resemblance to the DOS LBR format. While library files were quick to implement (a number of programs exist to work with them) they are crippled in that they cannot grow with use: once a file has been created it cannot be amended (files added, changed or deleted) without recreating the entire file.
.marMozilla ARchive[1] (Various; cross platform)An archive format used by Mozilla for storing binary diffs. Used in conjunction with bzip2.
.sbxapplication/x-sbxSeqBox[2] (Various; cross platform)A single file container/archive that can be reconstructed even after total loss of file system structures.
.tarapplication/x-tarTape archiveUnix-likeA common archive format used on Unix-like systems. Generally used in conjunction with compressors such as gzip, bzip2, compress or xz to create .tar.gz, .tar.bz2, .tar.Z or tar.xz files.

Compression only

File extension(s)MIME typeOfficial namePlatformDescription
.brapplication/x-brotliBrotliallBrotli is a compression algorithm developed by Google for textual web content, and typically achieves higher compression ratios than other algorithms for this use case.
.bz2application/x-bzip2bzip2Unix-likeAn open source, patent- and royalty-free compression format. The compression algorithm is a Burrows–Wheeler transform followed by a move-to-front transform and finally Huffman coding.
.F, .?XFFreeze/melt[3] QNX4, Unix-like and DOSOld compressor for QNX4 OS. The compression algorithm is a modified LZSS, with an adaptive Huffman coding.
.genozipapplication/vnd.genozipgenozipLinux, macOS, WindowsGenozip, a compressor for genomic file formats such as FASTQ, BAM, VCF and others.[4]
.gzapplication/gzip[5] gzipUnix-likeGNU Zip, the primary compression format used by Unix-like systems. The compression algorithm is Deflate, which combines LZSS with Huffman coding.
.lzapplication/x-lziplzipUnix-likeAn alternate LZMA algorithm implementation, with support for checksums and ident bytes.
.lz4LZ4Unix-likeAlgorithm developed by Yann Collet, designed for very high (de)compression speeds. It is an LZ77 derivative, without entropy encoding.
.lzmaapplication/x-lzmalzmaUnix-likeThe LZMA compression algorithm as used by 7-Zip.
.lzoapplication/x-lzoplzopUnix-likeAn implementation of the LZO data compression algorithm.
.rzrzipUnix-likeA compression program designed to do particularly well on very large files containing long distance redundancy.
.sfarksfArkWindows compress/decompress- Linux and macOS decompress onlyA compression program designed to do high compression on SF2 files (SoundFont).
.szapplication/x-snappy-framedSnappyUnix-likeA compression format developed by Google, and open-sourced in 2011. Snappy aims for very high speeds, reasonable compression, and maximum stability rather than maximum compression or compatibility with any other compression library. It is an LZ77 derivative, without entropy encoding.
.?Q?SQCP/M and DOSSqueeze: A program which compressed files using Huffman coding. A file which was "squeezed" had the middle initial of the name changed to "Q", so that a squeezed text file would end with .TQT, a squeezed executable would end with .CQM or .EQE. Typically used with .LBR archives, either by storing the squeezed files in the archive, or by storing the files decompressed and then compressing the archive, which would have a name ending in ".LQR".
.?Z?CRUNCHCP/M and DOSA compression program written by Steven Greenberg implementing the LZW algorithm. For several years in the CP/M world when no implementation was available of ARC, CRUNCHed files stored in .LBR archives were very popular. CRUNCH's implementation of LZW had a somewhat unusual feature of modifying and occasionally clearing the code table in memory when it became full, resulting in a few percent better compression on many files.
.xzapplication/x-xzxzUnix-likeA compression format using LZMA2 to yield high compression ratios. The LZMA algorithm is an LZ77 derivative, with entropy encoding in the form of range encoding.
.zapplication/x-compresspackUnix-likeThe traditional Huffman coding compression format.
.Zapplication/x-compresscompressUnix-likeThe traditional LZW compression format.
.zstapplication/zstdZstandardCross-platformAlgorithm developed by Yann Collet at Facebook, combining high speed and high compression. It is an LZ77 derivative, with entropy encoding in the form of finite-state entropy and Huffman coding.
.??_MS-DOS/WindowsCompression format(s) used by some DOS and Windows install programs. MS-DOS includes expand.exe to decompress its install files. The compressed files are created with a matching compress.exe command. The compression algorithm is LZSS.

Archiving and compression

File extension(s)MIME typeOfficial nameCreation platformRestoration platformRestorable with free softwareDescription
.7zapplication/x-7z-compressed7zMultipleMultipleOpen source file format. Used by 7-Zip.
.s7zapplication/x-7z-compressed7zXmacOSmacOS, restoration on different platforms is possible although not immediateBased on 7z. Preserves Spotlight metadata, resource forks, owner/group information, dates and other data which would be otherwise lost with compression.

Made obsolete by the introduction of AppleDouble-encoded 7z archives (Macintosh only).

.aarapplication/octet-streamApple ArchivemacOSmacOSCreated by Apple introduced with iOS 14 in 2020.
.aceapplication/x-ace-compressedACEWindowsMultipleProprietary format
.afaapplication/x-astrotite-afaAFAUNIX-likeUNIX-likeA format that compresses and doubly encrypt the data (AES256 and CAS256) avoiding brute force attacks, also hide files in an AFA file. It has two ways to safeguard data integrity and subsequent repair of the file if has an error (repair with AstroA2P (online) or Astrotite (offline)).
.alzapplication/x-alz-compressedALZipWindowsMultipleA mainly Korean format designed for very large archives.
.apkapplication/vnd.android.package-archiveAPKMultipleMultipleAndroid application package (variant of JAR file format).
.arc, .arkapplication/octet-streamARCMultipleMultipleVery popular in the early days of BBSes, one of the first to offer compression and archiving in a single program. Largely replaced by PKZIP.
.arc, .cdxapplication/x-freearcFreeArcWindows, LinuxWindows, LinuxOpen source file format developed by Bulat Ziganshin. A "FreeArc Next" version is under development which includes Zstandard support.
.arjapplication/x-arjARJOriginally DOS, now multipleMultipleCompetitor to PKZIP in the 1990s, offered better multi-part archive handling.
.b1application/x-b1B1MultipleMultipleOpen archive format, used by B1 Free Archiver[6]
.b6zB6ZmacOSMultipleCompressed archive format B6Zip[7]
.baSciferMultipleMultipleBinary Archive with external header
.bhBlakHoleProprietary format from the ZipTV Compression Components
.cabapplication/vnd.ms-cab-compressedCabinetWindowsMultipleThe Microsoft Windows native archive format, which is also used by many commercial installers such as WISE.
.carCompressia archiveOriginally DOS, now DOS and WindowsOriginally DOS, now DOS and WindowsCreated by Yaakov Gringeler; released last in 2003 (Compressia 1.0.0.1 beta), now apparently defunct. Free trial of 30 days lets user create and extract archives; after that it is possible to extract, but not to create.
.cfsapplication/x-cfs-compressedCompact File SetWindows, Unix-like including macOSMultipleOpen source file format.
.cptCompact ProClassic Mac OSMultipleCompact Pro archive, a common archiver used on Mac platforms until about Mac OS 7.5.x. Competed with StuffIt; now obsolete.
.darapplication/x-darDisk ArchiverUnix-like including macOSUnix-like including macOS, WindowsOpen source file format. Files are compressed individually with either gzip, bzip2 or lzo.
.ddDiskDoublerClassic Mac OSObsolete
.dgcapplication/x-dgc-compressedDGCAWindowsWindows
.dmgapplication/x-apple-diskimageApple Disk ImagemacOSmacOS, Windows, LinuxSupports "Internet-enabled" disk images, which, once downloaded, are automatically decompressed, mounted, have the contents extracted, and thrown away. Currently, Safari is the only browser that supports this form of extraction; however, the images can be manually extracted as well. This format can also be password-protected or encrypted with 128-bit or 256-bit AES encryption.
.earEARMultipleMultipleEnterprise Java Archive archive
.gcaapplication/x-gca-compressedGCAThe predecessor of DGCA.
.genozipGenozip[8] Linux, macOS, WindowsLinux, macOS, WindowsOptimized for (but not limited to) genomic file types such as FASTQ, BAM, VCF
.ha[9] Originally DOS, now multipleMultiple, but may be covered by patentsDOS era format; uses arithmetic/Markov coding
.hkiWinHKI[10] MS WindowsMS WindowsHKI
.iceICEWindowsWindowsProduced by ICEOWS program. Excels at text file compression.
.jarapplication/java-archiveJARMultipleMultipleJava archive, compatible with ZIP files
.kgbKGB ArchiverMultipleMultipleOpen sourced archiver with compression using the PAQ family of algorithms and optional encryption.
.lzh, .lhaapplication/x-lzhLHAOriginally DOS, now multipleMultipleThe standard format on Amiga.
.lzxapplication/x-lzxLZXAmigaArchiver originally used on The Amiga. Now copied by Microsoft to use in their .cab and .chm files.
.pakPAKHP NonStopHP NonStop[11] file format from NoGate Consultings, a rival from ARC-Compressor..pak was also briefly used by the short lived MSDOS PKPAK program.
.partimgPartImageMultipleMultipleA disk image archive format that supports several compression methods as well as splitting the archive into smaller pieces.
.paq6, .paq7, .paq8 and variantsPAQUnix-like and WindowsUnix-like and WindowsAn experimental open source packager[12]
.peaPeaZipLinux and WindowsLinux and WindowsOpen source archiver supporting authenticated encryption, cascaded encryption, volume spanning, customizable object level and volume level integrity checks (form CRCs to SHA-512 and Whirlpool hashes), fast deflate based compression
.pharPHARMultipleMultipleA package format to enable distribution of applications and libraries by bundling many PHP code files and other resources (e.g. images, stylesheets, etc.) into a single archive file
.pimPIMWindowsWindowsThe format from the PIM - a freeware compression tool by Ilia Muraviev. It uses an LZP-based compression algorithm with set of filters for executable, image and audio files.
.pitPackItClassic Mac OSobsolete
.qdaQuadruple DWindowsWindowsUsed for data in games written using the Quadruple D library for Delphi. Uses byte pair compression.
.rarapplication/x-rar-compressedRAROriginally DOS, now multipleMultipleA popular proprietary archive format.
.rkRK and WinRK[13] MultipleMultipleThe format from a commercial archiving package. Odd among commercial packages in that they focus on incorporating experimental algorithms with the highest possible compression (at the expense of speed and memory), such as PAQ, PPMD and PPMZ (PPMD with unlimited-length strings), as well as a proprietary algorithms.
.sdaSelf Dissolving ARChiveCommodore 64, Commodore 128Commodore 64, Commodore 128SDAs refer to Self Dissolving ARC files, and are based on the Commodore 64 and Commodore 128 versions of ARC, originally written by Chris Smeets. While the files share the same extension, they are not compatible between platforms. That is, an SDA created on a Commodore 64 but run on a Commodore 128 in Commodore 128 mode will crash the machine, and vice versa. The intended successor to SDA is SFX.
.seaSelf Extracting ArchiveClassic Mac OSClassic Mac OS (implicitly)A pre-Mac OS X Self-Extracting Archive format. StuffIt, Compact Pro, Disk Doubler and others could create .sea files, though the StuffIt versions were the most common.
.senSciferMultipleMultipleScifer Archive with internal header
.sfxSelf Extracting ArchiveCommodore 64, Commodore 128Commodore 64, Commodore 128SFX is a Self Extracting Archive which uses the LHArc compression algorithm. It was originally developed by Chris Smeets on the Commodore platform, and runs primarily using the CS-DOS extension for the Commodore 128. Unlike its predecessor SDA, SFX files will run on both the Commodore 64 and Commodore 128 regardless of which machine they were created on.
.shkNuFXOriginally Apple II, now multipleMultipleAn archive format designed for the Apple II series of computers. The canonical implementation is ShrinkIt, which can operate on disk images as well as files. Preferred compression algorithm is a combination of RLE and 12-bit LZW. Archives can be manipulated with the command-line NuLib tool, or the Windows-based CiderPress.
.sitapplication/x-stuffitStuffItOriginally Classic Mac OS, now multipleOriginally Classic Mac OS, now multipleA compression format common on Apple Macintosh computers. The free StuffIt Expander is available for Windows and macOS.
.sitxapplication/x-stuffitxStuffIt XMultipleMultipleThe replacement for the .sit format that supports more compression methods, UNIX file permissions, long file names, very large files, more encryption options, data specific compressors (JPEG, Zip, PDF, 24-bit image, MP3). The free StuffIt Expander is available for Windows and OS X.
.sqxSQXWindowsWindowsA royalty-free compressing format
.tar.gz, .tgz, .tar.Z, .tar.bz2,
.tbz2, .tar.lz, .tlz, .tar.xz, .txz, .tar.zst
application/x-gtartar with gzip, compress, bzip2, lzip, xz, or zstdMultipleMultipleThe "tarball" format combines tar archives with a file-based compression scheme (usually gzip). Commonly used for source and binary distribution on Unix-like platforms, widely available elsewhere. Xarchiver supports the .tar.zst Archive/Compression format on Unix-like platforms.
.uc .uc0 .uc2 .ucn .ur2 .ue2UltraCompressor IIDOSDOSUltraCompressor 2.3 was developed to act as an alternative to the then popular PKZIP application. The main feature of the application is its ability to create large archives. This means that compressed archives with the UC2 file extension can hold almost 1 million files.
.ucaPerfectCompress[14] WindowsWindowsBased on PAQ, RZM, CSC, CCM, and 7zip. The format consists of a PAQ, RZM, CSC, or CCM compressed file and a manifest with compression settings stored in a 7z archive.
.uhaUHarcDOS/WindowsDOS/WindowsA high compression rate archive format originally for DOS.
.warWARMultipleMultipleWeb Application archive (Java-based web app)
.wimapplication/x-ms-wimWindows ImageWindowsWindowsFile-based disk image format developed to deploy Microsoft Windows.
.xarapplication/x-xarXARMultipleMultiple
.xp3KiriKiriWindowsWindowsNative format of the Open Source KiriKiri Visual Novel engine. Uses combination of block splitting and zlib compression. The filenames and pathes are stored in UTF-16 format. For integrity check, the Adler-32 hashsum is used. For many commercial games, the files are encrypted (and decoded on runtime) via so-called "cxdec" module, which implements xor-based encryption.
.yz1YZ1Windows, DOS, LinuxWindows, DOS, LinuxYamazaki zipper archive. Compression format used in DeepFreezer archiver utility created by Yamazaki Satoshi.[15] Read and write support exists in TUGZip, IZArc and ZipZag
.zip, .zipxapplication/zipZIPOriginally DOS, now multipleMultipleThe most widely used compression format on Microsoft Windows. Commonly used on Macintosh and Unix systems as well.
.zooapplication/x-zoozooMultipleMultiple
.zpaqZPAQMultipleMultipleJournaling (append-only) archive format with rollback capability. Supports deduplication and incremental update based on last-modified dates. Multi-threaded. Compresses in LZ77, BWT, and context mixing formats. Open source.
.zzZzip[16] MultipleMultipleArchiver with a compression algorithm based on the Burrows–Wheeler transform method.

Data recovery

File extension(s)MIME typeOfficial namePlatformDescription
.eccdvdisaster error-correction fileMultipleFile format used by dvdisaster to be used for data recovery when discs become damaged or partially unreadable.
.ecsbxError-correcting SeqBox[17] MultipleArchive with forward error correction and sector level recoverability. Error-correcting version of SeqBox.
.par
.par2
application/x-par2Parchive fileMultipleFile format used in conjunction with any archive format to provide error correction and file recovery, most often in newsgroup distribution of binary files.
.revWinRAR recovery volumeMultipleFile format used with WinRAR rar volumes. The data recovery is error correction data which is provided in the form of open recovery records and/or recovery volumes, allowing reconstruction of good archives (including reconstruction of entirely volumes)

Comparison

Containers and compression

FormatFilename
extension
Created
by
Introduced inBased onCompressionIntegrity checkRecovery recordEncryption supportedUnicode filenamesModification date resolutionPre-processingLicense
Archive (ar).a, .arCSRG1971 Original1 s
cpio.cpioBell Labs1983 Unix System V, select formats only1 s
Shell Archive (shar and makeself).shar, .runJames Gosling, Alan Hewett1994 4.4BSDOriginal, commonly MD5arbitrary (typically 1 s)
Tape Archive (tar).tarBell Labs1975 Version 6 Unix, metadata only. Full integrity providable by filters such as gzip.1 s
Extended TAR format (pax).tarOpenGroup2001Sun proposal + TARmetadataarbitrary (typically 1 ns)
BagItThe Library of Congress2007file system
7z.7zIgor Pavlov2000LZMA, LZMA2, Bzip2, PPMd, Deflate,
CRC32
,
AES-256
100 ns[18]
ACE.aceMarcel Lemke1998[19] LZ77, Blowfish2s
AFA.afaVicente Sánchez-Alarcos2009Original, AES and CAST
ARC.arcThom Henderson (SEA)19852s
ARJ.arjRobert Jung1991AR001 and AR002
B1.b1Catalina Group Ltd2011LZMA, AES
Cabinet.cabMicrosoft1992 Windows 3.1Deflate PKCS7 Authenticode signature (with SDK)2 s
Compact File Set.cfsJoe Lowe (Pismo Technic Inc.)2008ZIP/LZMA
Compact Pro.cptBill Goodman1990 (as "Compactor")Original
Disk Archive (DAR).darDenis Corbin2002Original1 μs
DGCA.dgcShin-ichi Tsuruta2001GCA
FreeArc.arcBulat Ziganshin2006LZMA, PPMd, TTA, AES, Blowfish, Twofish and Serpent
LHA (also LZH).lzh, .lhaHaruyasu Yoshizaki1988FrozenOnly on recent LHA releases1–2 s
.lzxJonathan Forbes and Tomi Poutanen1995LZ77Only on recent LZX releases
ISO image.iso, .img, .imaISO 96601988High Sierra Format
Spark.arcDavid Pilling1989ARC1 cs
WinMount format.mou?2007?
Macintosh Disk Image.dmgApple Computer2001 Mac OS XOriginal
Partition Image (PartImage).partimgFrançois Dupoux and Franck Ladurelle2000
PAQ Family (Several formats).paq#*, .lpaq#*Matt Mahoney2002–2006Original
PEA.peaGiorgio Tani2006Original, Deflate based compression Adler32, CRC32, CRC64, MD5, SHA1, RIPEMD-160, SHA256, SHA512, Whirlpool Authenticated Encryption, AES128 and AES256 in EAX mode system dependent arbitrary
PIM.pimIlia Muraviev2004–2008Original
Quadruple D.qdaTaku Hayase (aka sandman)1997
RAR.rarEugene Roshal1993 Original,
CRC32,
BLAKE2
,
Reed–Solomon
,
AES-256 for RAR 5.0 archives
,
UTF-8
2 s, 1 s, 6.5536 ms, 25.6 μs or 100 ns
RK.rkM Software, Ltd.2004Original, AES, Square, Twofish1 s
NuFX.shkAndy Nicholas1989Original1 s
StuffIt (also SIT).sitRaymond Lau1987
StuffIt X (also SITx).sitxAladdin/Allume Systems2002, RC4,Blowfish,
AES,DES
UltraCompressor II.uc .uc0 .uc2
.ucn .ur2 .ue2
Nico de Vries[20] 1992–1996LZ77 and Huffman coding, triple DES?
Windows Image.wim, .swm, .esdMicrosoft2006Original100 ns
ZIP.zipPhil Katz1989Deflate, AES1–2 s, depending on version
ZPAQ.zpaqMatt Mahoney2009PAQ, SHA-1, AES-256

Software packaging and distribution

FormatFilename
extension
Created
by
Introduced inBased onIntegrity checkRecovery recordEncryption supportedUnicode filenamesModification date resolution
Debian package (deb).debDebian1994 Debian 0.91 ar, tar, and gzip, xz1 s
Macintosh Installer.pkg, .mpkg (metapackage)NeXT1989 NeXTSTEP 1.0
RPM Package Manager (RPM).rpmRed Hat1995 Red Hat Linux 1.0 cpio and gzip1 s
Slackware Package.tgzPatrick Volkerding1993 Slackware 1.0 tar and gzip
Windows Installer (also MSI).msiMicrosoft2000 Windows 2000OLE Structured Storage, Cabinet and SQL PKCS7 Authenticode Signature2 s
MSIX.appx, .appxbundle, .emsix, .emsixbundle, .msix, .msixbundleMicrosoft2012 Windows 8Zip1 s
Java Archive (JAR).jarSun Microsystems1997 JDK 1.1PKZIP
Google Chrome extension package.crxGoogle2009 (Chrome 4.0)Zip
Pacman.pkg.tar.zst, .pkg.tar (no compression)Judd Vinet2001 (before ArchLinux 0.1)tar and zstd[21] (formerly xz)1 s

Features

Archive formatBuilt-in compressionSelf-extractingDirectory structurePOSIX attributesACLsAlternate data streams
cpio
tar
dar
ar
pax
dump
shar
makeself
zip
rar
ace
arj
zoo
ISO 9660 (CD-ROM)
cab
rpm
deb
7z
Archive formatBuilt-in compressionSelf-extractingDirectory StructurePOSIX attributesACLsAlternate data streams

See also

References

  1. [mozillawiki:Software Update:MAR|Mozilla ARchive]
  2. Web site: MarcoPon/SeqBox. May 13, 2024. GitHub. March 20, 2019. February 12, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220212042950/https://github.com/MarcoPon/SeqBox. live.
  3. Web site: Archived copy . 2009-03-05 . 2022-02-01 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220201133941/http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/Linux/utils/compress/freeze-2.5.0.tar.gz . live .
  4. Web site: Genozip - A Universal Extensible Genomic Data Compressor. 2022-12-26. 2022-12-26. https://web.archive.org/web/20221226173120/https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article/37/16/2225/6135077. live.
  5. The 'application/zlib' and 'application/gzip' Media Types. 6713. 2016-05-03.
  6. Web site: Overview. dev.b1.org. 2014-03-03. 2023-04-04. https://web.archive.org/web/20230404000148/http://dev.b1.org/standard/archive-format.html. live.
  7. Web site: B6Zip - Extract .B6Z and .B6 files - Download. B6Zip. 2017-10-06. 2024-05-23. https://web.archive.org/web/20240523053624/http://b6zip.com/. live.
  8. Web site: Genozip | Compression for FASTQ, BAM, VCF. Genozip. 2021-07-22. 2024-05-27. https://web.archive.org/web/20240527111733/https://www.genozip.com/. live.
  9. Web site: Archived copy . 2009-03-05 . 2024-04-17 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240417222855/http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/Linux/utils/compress/ha0999p-linux.tar.gz . live .
  10. Web site: WinHKI . https://web.archive.org/web/20061205050249/http://www.winhki.com/. 2006-12-05.
  11. Web site: Tandem Unpak GUI . 2013-09-16 . 2020-09-22 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200922005725/http://sybond.web.id/blog// . live .
  12. Web site: Data Compression Programs. mattmahoney.net. 2010-09-29. 2024-05-28. https://web.archive.org/web/20240528214732/https://mattmahoney.net/dc/. live.
  13. Web site: Archived copy . 2011-03-08 . 2018-03-20 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180320183715/http://www.msoftware.biz/products/winrk . live .
  14. Web site: PerfectCompress . 2009-11-08 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120723164918/http://moises-studios.110mb.com/perfectcompress . 2012-07-23 .
  15. [:ja:DeepFreezer|DeepFreezer]
  16. https://web.archive.org/web/20090201134403/http://debin.net/zzip/ Zzip
  17. Web site: darrenldl/blockyarchive. July 7, 2024. GitHub. April 11, 2019. May 1, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190501212217/https://github.com/darrenldl/blockyarchive. live.
  18. Web site: 7-Zip / Discussion / Open Discussion: File times: creation, access - precision. sourceforge.net. 2020-02-08. 2021-07-25. https://web.archive.org/web/20210725222532/https://sourceforge.net/p/sevenzip/discussion/45797/thread/3964f1db/#cbcb/7556. live.
  19. Web site: Lemke . Marcel . 1998 . Technical Information on the archiver ACE V1.2 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230404010928/https://www.hugi.scene.org/online/coding/hugi%2012%20-%20coace.htm . 4 April 2023 . 22 May 2023 . hugi.scene.org.
  20. Web site: Professional – Nico de Vries. 2020-02-08. 2012-12-30. https://web.archive.org/web/20121230185014/http://www.nicodevries.com/nico/professional.php. live.
  21. Web site: Arch Linux - News: Now using Zstandard instead of xz for package compression. archlinux.org.