List of amphibians of the United States explained

This is a list of amphibians found in the United States. A total of 306 amphibian species have been recorded in the United States,^[1] 2 of which are now extinct.^[2] This list is derived from the database listing of Amphibian Species of the World.^[1]

Salamanders (Caudata)

Ambystomatidae

Order: Caudata. Family: Ambystomatidae

Ambystoma annulatum Cope, 1886
Ambystoma barbouri Kraus & Petranka, 1989
Ambystoma bishopi Goin, 1950
Ambystoma californiense Gray, 1853
Ambystoma cingulatum Cope, 1868
Ambystoma gracile (Baird, 1859)
Ambystoma jeffersonianum (Green, 1827)
Ambystoma laterale Hallowell, 1856
Ambystoma mabeei Bishop, 1928
Ambystoma macrodactylum Baird, 1850
Ambystoma maculatum (Shaw, 1802)
Ambystoma mavortium Baird, 1850
Ambystoma opacum (Gravenhorst, 1807)
Ambystoma talpoideum (Holbrook, 1838)
Ambystoma texanum (Matthes, 1855)
Ambystoma tigrinum (Green, 1825)
Dicamptodon aterrimus (Cope, 1868)
Dicamptodon copei Nussbaum, 1970
Dicamptodon ensatus (Eschscholtz, 1833)
Dicamptodon tenebrosus (Baird & Girard, 1852)

Amphiumidae

Order: Caudata. Family: Amphiumidae

Amphiuma means Garden, 1821
Amphiuma pholeter Neill, 1964
Amphiuma tridactylum Cuvier, 1827

Cryptobranchidae

Order: Caudata. Family: Cryptobranchidae

Cryptobranchus alleganiensis (Sonnini de Manoncourt & Latreille, 1801)
Cryptobranchus bishopi Grobman, 1943

Plethodontidae

Order: Caudata. Family: Plethodontidae

Batrachoseps altasierrae Jockusch, Martínez-Solano, Hansen, & Wake, 2012
Batrachoseps attenuatus (Eschscholtz, 1833)
Batrachoseps bramei Jockusch, Martínez-Solano, Hansen, & Wake, 2012
Batrachoseps campi Marlow, Brode, & Wake, 1979
Batrachoseps diabolicus Jockusch, Wake, & Yanev, 1998
Batrachoseps gabrieli Wake, 1996
Batrachoseps gavilanensis Jockusch, Yanev, & Wake, 2001
Batrachoseps gregarius Jockusch, Wake, & Yanev, 1998
Batrachoseps incognitus Jockusch, Yanev, & Wake, 2001
Batrachoseps kawia Jockusch, Wake, & Yanev, 1998
Batrachoseps luciae Jockusch, Yanev, & Wake, 2001
Batrachoseps major Camp, 1915
Batrachoseps minor Jockusch, Yanev, & Wake, 2001
Batrachoseps nigriventris Cope, 1869
Batrachoseps pacificus (Cope, 1865)
Batrachoseps regius Jockusch, Wake, & Yanev, 1998
Batrachoseps relictus Brame & Murray, 1968
Batrachoseps robustus Wake, Yanev, & Hansen, 2002
Batrachoseps simatus Brame & Murray, 1968
Batrachoseps stebbinsi Brame & Murray, 1968
Batrachoseps wrighti (Bishop, 1937)
Eurycea aquatica Rose & Bush, 1963
Eurycea arenicola (Stuart et al., 2020)
Eurycea bislineata (Green, 1818)
Eurycea chamberlaini Harrison & Guttman, 2003
Eurycea chisholmensis Chippindale, Price, Wiens, & Hillis, 2000
Eurycea cirrigera (Green, 1831)
Eurycea guttolineata (Holbrook, 1838)
Eurycea junaluska Sever, Dundee, & Sullivan, 1976
Eurycea latitans Smith & Potter, 1946
Eurycea longicauda (Green, 1818)
Eurycea lucifuga Rafinesque, 1822
Eurycea multiplicata (Cope, 1869)
Eurycea nana Bishop, 1941
Eurycea naufragia Chippindale, Price, Wiens, & Hillis, 2000
Eurycea neotenes Bishop & Wright, 1937
Eurycea pterophila Burger, Smith, & Potter, 1950
Eurycea quadridigitata (Holbrook, 1842)
Eurycea rathbuni (Stejneger, 1896)
Eurycea robusta (Longley, 1978)
Eurycea sosorum Chippindale, Price, & Hillis, 1993
Eurycea spelaea (Stejneger, 1892)
Eurycea subfluvicola Steffen, Irwin, Blair, & Bonett, 2014
Eurycea tonkawae Chippindale, Price, Wiens, & Hillis, 2000
Eurycea tridentifera Mitchell & Reddell, 1965
Eurycea troglodytes Baker, 1957
Eurycea tynerensis Moore & Hughes, 1939
Eurycea wallacei (Carr, 1939)
Eurycea waterlooensis Hillis, Chamberlain, Wilcox, & Chippindale, 2001
Eurycea wilderae Dunn, 1920
Gyrinophilus gulolineatus Brandon, 1965
Gyrinophilus palleucus McCrady, 1954
Gyrinophilus porphyriticus (Green, 1827)
Gyrinophilus subterraneus Besharse & Holsinger, 1977
Hemidactylium scutatum (Temminck, 1838)
Pseudotriton diastictus Bishop, 1941
Pseudotriton montanus Baird, 1850
Pseudotriton ruber (Sonnini de Manoncourt & Latreille, 1801)
Stereochilus marginatus (Hallowell, 1856)
Urspelerpes brucei Camp, Peterman, Milanovich, Lamb, Maerz, & Wake, 2009
Aneides aeneus (Cope & Packard, 1881)
Aneides ferreus Cope, 1869
Aneides flavipunctatus (Strauch, 1870)
Aneides hardii (Taylor, 1941)
Aneides iecanus (Cope, 1883)
Aneides lugubris (Hallowell, 1849)
Aneides niger Myers & Maslin, 1948
Aneides vagrans Wake & Jackman, 1999
Desmognathus abditus Anderson & Tilley, 2003
Desmognathus aeneus Brown & Bishop, 1947
Desmognathus apalachicolae Means & Karlin, 1989
Desmognathus aureatus (Martof, 1956)
Desmognathus auriculatus (Holbrook, 1838)
Desmognathus brimleyorum Stejneger, 1895
Desmognathus carolinensis Dunn, 1916
Desmognathus conanti Rossman, 1958
Desmognathus folkertsi Camp, Tilley, Austin, & Marshall, 2002
Desmognathus fuscus (Rafinesque, 1820)
Desmognathus imitator Dunn, 1927
Desmognathus marmoratus (Moore, 1899)
Desmognathus melanius (Martof, 1956)
Desmognathus monticola Dunn, 1916
Desmognathus ochrophaeus Cope, 1859
Desmognathus ocoee Nicholls, 1949
Desmognathus orestes Tilley & Mahoney, 1996
Desmognathus organi Crespi, Browne, & Rissler, 2010
Desmognathus planiceps Newman, 1955
Desmognathus quadramaculatus (Holbrook, 1840)
Desmognathus santeetlah Tilley, 1981
Desmognathus welteri Barbour, 1950
Desmognathus wrighti King, 1936
Ensatina eschscholtzii Gray, 1850
Hydromantes brunus Gorman, 1954
Hydromantes platycephalus (Camp, 1916)
Hydromantes shastae Gorman & Camp, 1953
Phaeognathus hubrichti Highton, 1961
Plethodon ainsworthi Lazell, 1998
Plethodon albagula Grobman, 1944
Plethodon amplus Highton & Peabody, 2000
Plethodon angusticlavius Grobman, 1944
Plethodon asupak Mead, Clayton, Nauman, Olson, & Pfrender, 2005
Plethodon aureolus Highton, 1984
Plethodon caddoensis Pope & Pope, 1951
Plethodon chattahoochee Highton, 1989
Plethodon cheoah Highton & Peabody, 2000
Plethodon chlorobryonis Mittleman, 1951
Plethodon cinereus (Green, 1818)
Plethodon cylindraceus (Harlan, 1825)
Plethodon dorsalis Cope, 1889
Plethodon dunni Bishop, 1934
Plethodon electromorphus Highton, 1999
Plethodon elongatus Van Denburgh, 1916
Plethodon fourchensis Duncan & Highton, 1979
Plethodon glutinosus (Green, 1818)
Plethodon grobmani Allen & Neill, 1949
Plethodon hoffmani Highton, 1972
Plethodon hubrichti Thurow, 1957
Plethodon idahoensis Slater & Slipp, 1940
Plethodon jordani Blatchley, 1901
Plethodon kentucki Mittleman, 1951
Plethodon kiamichi Highton, 1989
Plethodon kisatchie Highton, 1989
Plethodon larselli Burns, 1954
Plethodon meridianus Highton & Peabody, 2000
Plethodon metcalfi Brimley, 1912
Plethodon mississippi Highton, 1989
Plethodon montanus Highton & Peabody, 2000
Plethodon neomexicanus Stebbins & Riemer, 1950
Plethodon nettingi Green, 1938
Plethodon ocmulgee Highton, 1989
Plethodon ouachitae Dunn & Heinze, 1933
Plethodon petraeus Wynn, Highton, & Jacobs, 1988
Plethodon punctatus Highton, 1972
Plethodon richmondi Netting & Mittleman, 1938
Plethodon savannah Highton, 1989
Plethodon sequoyah Highton, 1989
Plethodon serratus Grobman, 1944
Plethodon shenandoah Highton & Worthington, 1967
Plethodon sherando Highton, 2004
Plethodon shermani Stejneger, 1906
Plethodon stormi Highton & Brame, 1965
Plethodon teyahalee Hairston, 1950
Plethodon vandykei Van Denburgh, 1906
Plethodon variolatus (Gilliams, 1818)
Plethodon vehiculum (Cooper, 1860)
Plethodon ventralis Highton, 1997
Plethodon virginia Highton, 1999
Plethodon websteri Highton, 1979
Plethodon wehrlei Fowler & Dunn, 1917
Plethodon welleri Walker, 1931
Plethodon yonahlossee Dunn, 1917

Proteidae

Order: Caudata. Family: Proteidae

Necturus alabamensis Viosca, 1937
Necturus beyeri Viosca, 1937
Necturus lewisi Brimley, 1924
Necturus louisianensis Viosca, 1938
Necturus maculosus (Rafinesque, 1818)
Necturus punctatus (Gibbes, 1850)

Rhyacotritonidae

Order: Caudata. Family: Rhyacotritonidae

Rhyacotriton cascadae Good & Wake, 1992
Rhyacotriton kezeri Good & Wake, 1992
Rhyacotriton olympicus (Gaige, 1917)
Rhyacotriton variegatus Stebbins & Lowe, 1951

Salamandridae

Order: Caudata. Family: Salamandridae

Notophthalmus meridionalis (Cope, 1880)
Notophthalmus perstriatus (Bishop, 1941)
Notophthalmus viridescens (Rafinesque, 1820)
Taricha granulosa (Skilton, 1849)
Taricha rivularis (Twitty, 1935)
Taricha sierrae (Twitty, 1942)
Taricha torosa (Rathke, 1833)

Sirenidae

Order: Caudata. Family: Sirenidae

Pseudobranchus axanthus Netting & Goin, 1942
Pseudobranchus striatus (LeConte, 1824)
Siren intermedia Barnes, 1826
Siren lacertina Österdam, 1766

Frogs and Toads (Anura)

Ascaphidae

Order: Anura. Family: Ascaphidae

Ascaphus montanus Mittleman & Myers, 1949
Ascaphus truei Stejneger, 1899

Bufonidae

Order: Anura. Family: Bufonidae

Anaxyrus americanus (Holbrook, 1836)
Anaxyrus baxteri (Porter, 1968)
Anaxyrus boreas (Baird & Girard, 1852)
Anaxyrus californicus (Camp, 1915)
Anaxyrus canorus (Camp, 1916)
Anaxyrus cognatus (Say, 1822)
Anaxyrus debilis (Girard, 1854)
Anaxyrus exsul (Myers, 1942)
Anaxyrus fowleri (Hinckley, 1882)
Anaxyrus hemiophrys (Cope, 1886)
Anaxyrus houstonensis (Sanders, 1953)
Anaxyrus microscaphus (Cope, 1867)
Anaxyrus nelsoni (Stejneger, 1893)
Anaxyrus punctatus (Baird & Girard, 1852)
Anaxyrus quercicus (Holbrook, 1840)
Anaxyrus retiformis (Sanders & Smith, 1951)
Anaxyrus speciosus (Girard, 1854)
Anaxyrus terrestris (Bonnaterre, 1789)
Anaxyrus woodhousii (Girard, 1854)
Incilius alvarius (Girard, 1859)
Incilius nebulifer (Girard, 1854)
Rhinella marina (Linnaeus, 1758)

Hylidae

Order: Anura. Family: Hylidae

Acris blanchardi Harper, 1947
Acris crepitans Baird, 1854
Acris gryllus (LeConte, 1825)
Hyla andersonii Baird, 1854
Hyla arenicolor Cope, 1866
Hyla avivoca Viosca, 1928
Hyla chrysoscelis Cope, 1880
Hyla cinerea (Schneider, 1799)
Hyla femoralis Daudin, 1800
Hyla gratiosa LeConte, 1856
Hyla squirella Daudin, 1800
Hyla versicolor LeConte, 1825
Hyla wrightorum Taylor, 1939
Osteopilus septentrionalis (Duméril & Bibron, 1841)
Pseudacris brachyphona (Cope, 1889)
Pseudacris brimleyi Brandt & Walker, 1933
Pseudacris cadaverina (Cope, 1866)
Pseudacris clarkii (Baird, 1854)
Pseudacris crucifer (Wied-Neuwied, 1838)
Pseudacris fouquettei Lemmon, Lemmon, Collins, & Cannatella, 2008
Pseudacris hypochondriaca (Hallowell, 1854)
Pseudacris illinoensis Smith, 1951
Pseudacris kalmi Harper, 1955
Pseudacris maculata (Agassiz, 1850)
Pseudacris nigrita (LeConte, 1825)
Pseudacris ocularis (Holbrook, 1838)
Pseudacris ornata (Holbrook, 1836)
Pseudacris regilla (Baird & Girard, 1852)
Pseudacris sierra (Jameson, Mackey, & Richmond, 1966)
Pseudacris streckeri Wright & Wright, 1933
Pseudacris triseriata (Wied-Neuwied, 1838)
Smilisca baudinii (Duméril & Bibron, 1841)
Smilisca fodiens (Boulenger, 1882)
Litoria caerulea (White, 1790)

Leptodactylidae

Leptodactylus fragilis (Brocchi, 1877)

Microhylidae

Order: Anura. Family: Microhylidae

Gastrophryne carolinensis (Holbrook, 1835)
Gastrophryne mazatlanensis (Taylor, 1943)
Gastrophryne olivacea (Hallowell, 1856)
Hypopachus variolosus (Cope, 1866)

Pipidae

Xenopus laevis (Daudin, 1802)

Ranidae

Order: Anura. Family: Ranidae

Glandirana rugosa (Temminck & Schlegel, 1838)
Lithobates areolatus (Baird & Girard, 1852)
Lithobates berlandieri (Baird, 1859)
Lithobates blairi (Mecham, Littlejohn, Oldham, Brown, & Brown, 1973)
Lithobates capito (LeConte, 1855)
Lithobates catesbeianus (Shaw, 1802)
Lithobates chiricahuensis (Platz & Mecham, 1979)
Lithobates clamitans (Latreille, 1801)
Lithobates fisheri (Stejneger, 1893)^[3]
Lithobates grylio (Stejneger, 1901)
Lithobates heckscheri (Wright, 1924)
Lithobates okaloosae (Moler, 1985)
Lithobates onca (Cope, 1875)
Lithobates palustris (LeConte, 1825)
Lithobates pipiens (Schreber, 1782)
Lithobates septentrionalis (Baird, 1854)
Lithobates sevosus (Goin & Netting, 1940)
Lithobates sphenocephalus (Cope, 1886)
Lithobates sylvaticus (LeConte, 1825)
Lithobates tarahumarae (Boulenger, 1917)
Lithobates virgatipes (Cope, 1891)
Lithobates yavapaiensis (Platz & Frost, 1984)
Rana aurora Baird & Girard, 1852
Rana boylii Baird, 1854
Rana cascadae Slater, 1939
Rana draytonii Baird & Girard, 1852
Rana luteiventris Thompson, 1913
Rana muscosa Camp, 1917
Rana pretiosa Baird & Girard, 1853
Rana sierrae Camp, 1917

Rhinophrynidae

Order: Anura. Family: Rhinophrynidae

Rhinophrynus dorsalis Duméril & Bibron, 1841

Scaphiopodidae

Order: Anura. Family: Scaphiopodidae

Scaphiopus couchii Baird, 1854
Scaphiopus holbrookii (Harlan, 1835)
Scaphiopus hurterii Strecker, 1910
Spea bombifrons (Cope, 1863)
Spea hammondii (Baird, 1859)
Spea intermontana (Cope, 1883)
Spea multiplicata (Cope, 1863)

References

Web site: Frost, D.R. United States . 2015. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. New York, USA . 9 June 2015.
Web site: AmphibiaWeb. Information on amphibian biology and conservation. . List of Amphibians in the United States (database query web application) . 2012 . AmphibiaWeb . Berkeley, California . 2012-04-15 .

Notes and References

Frost 2015
The extinct species include the Vegas Valley leopard frog (Lithobates fisheri) and Ainsworth's salamander (Plethodon ainsworthi). See also AmphibiaWeb
Synonym: Rana fisheri