List of amphibians of Europe explained

This is a list of amphibians of Europe. It includes all amphibians currently found in Europe. It does not include species found only in captivity or extinct in Europe, except where there is some doubt about this, nor does it currently include species introduced in recent decades. Each species is listed, with its binomial name and notes on its distribution where this is limited.

Summary of 2006 IUCN Red List categories.

Conservation status - IUCN Red List of Threatened Species:

- Extinct, - Extinct in the wild

- Critically endangered, - Endangered, - Vulnerable

- Near threatened, - Least concern

- Data deficient, - Not evaluated

(v. 2013.2, the data is current as of March 5, 2014)

Salamanders

Family: Salamandridae (true salamanders and newts)

• Fire salamander, Salamandra salamandra

• Penibetic salamander, Salamandra longirostris (Spain)

• Corsican fire salamander, Salamandra corsica (Corsica)

• Alpine salamander, Salamandra atra (France, the Alps, and Balkans)

• Lanza's alpine salamander, Salamandra lanzai

• Karpathos salamander, Lyciasalamandra helverseni (three Greek islands near Crete)

• Luschan's salamander, Lyciasalamandra luschani (Greek island of Kastellorizo)

• Gold-striped salamander, Chioglossa lusitanica (Spain and Portugal)

• Spectacled salamander, Salamandrina terdigitata (Italy) and:

• Salamandrina perspicillata (formerly in Salamandrina terdigitata, Italy)

• Iberian ribbed newt, Pleurodeles waltl (Iberian Peninsula, Morocco)

• Pyrenean brook salamander, Calotriton asper (Pyrenees)

• Montseny brook newt, Calotriton arnoldi (Spain)

• Corsican brook salamander, Euproctus montanus (Corsica)

• Sardinian brook salamander, Euproctus platycephalus (Sardinia)

• Northern crested newt, Triturus cristatus

• Marbled newt, Triturus marmoratus (Spain, Portugal and France)

• Southern marbled newt, Triturus pygmaeus (Spain and Portugal)

• Italian crested newt, Triturus carnifex

• Southern crested newt, Triturus karelinii

• Balkan crested newt, Triturus ivanbureschi (Balkans, Turkey)

• Macedonian crested newt, Triturus macedonicus (Balkans, Turkey)

• Danube crested newt, Triturus dobrogicus

• Banded newt, Ommatotriton ophryticus (Caucasus, Turkey)

• Alpine newt, Ichthyosaura alpestris and:

• Ichthyosaura apuana (Italy, France)

• Ichthyosaura reiseri (Balkans, Romania)

• Ichthyosaura veluchiensis (Balkans)

• Carpathian newt, Lissotriton montandoni (Carpathians)

• Smooth newt, Lissotriton vulgaris and:

• Greek smooth newt, Lissotriton graecus (Balkans)

• Smooth newt, Lissotriton meridionalis (Italy, Slovenia, and Croatia)

• Schmidtler's smooth newt, Lissotriton schmidtleri (Turkey, Greece, Bulgaria)

• Caucasian smooth newt, Lissotriton lantzi (Caucasus)

• Bosca's newt, Lissotriton boscai (Portugal)

• Palmate newt, Lissotriton helveticus

• Italian newt, Lissotriton italicus

Family: Hynobiidae (Asiatic salamanders)

• Siberian salamander, Salamandrella keyserlingii (Russia)

Family: Plethodontidae (lungless salamanders)

• Cave salamander, Speleomantes strinatii (France)

• Brown cave salamander, Hydromantes genei (France and Italy)

• Italian cave salamander, Speleomantes italicus (Italy)

• Ambrosi's cave salamander, Speleomantes ambrosii (Italy)

• Monte Albo cave salamander, Speleomantes flavus (Sardinia)

• Imperial cave salamander, Speleomantes imperialis (Sardinia) and:

• Speleomantes sarrabusensis (formerly in Speleomantes imperialis, Sardinia)

• Supramonte cave salamander, Speleomantes supramontis (Sardinia)

Family: Proteidae (waterdogs and mudpuppies)

• Olm, Proteus anguinus (Dinaric Alps)

Frogs and toads

Family: Bombinatoridae (fire-bellied toads)

• European fire-bellied toad, Bombina bombina

• Apennine yellow-bellied toad, Bombina pachypus

• Yellow-bellied toad, Bombina variegata

Family: Discoglossidae (disc-tongued frogs)

• Iberian painted frog, Discoglossus galganoi

• Spanish painted frog, Discoglossus jeanneae

• Corsican painted frog, Discoglossus montalentii

• Painted frog, Discoglossus pictus (Sicily and Malta)

• Tyrrhenian painted frog, Discoglossus sardus

• Midwife toad, Alytes obstetricans and:

• Catalonian midwife toad, Alytes (obstetricans) almogavarii (Spain)

• Iberian midwife toad, Alytes cisternasii

• Betic midwife toad, Alytes dickhilleni (Spain)

• Majorcan midwife toad, Alytes muletensis (Majorca)

Family: Pipidae

• African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis (introduced)

Family: Pelobatidae (European spadefoot toads)

• Eastern spadefoot, Pelobates syriacus (south-eastern Europe) and:

• Balkan spadefoot, Pelobates balcanicus (southern Europe)

• Western spadefoot, Pelobates cultripes

• Common spadefoot, Pelobates fuscus and:

• Pallas' spadefoot toad, Pelobates vespertinus (Ukraine to Kazakhstan)

• Common parsley frog, Pelodytes punctatus

• Iberian parsley frog, Pelodytes ibericus (Iberian Peninsula)

• Lusitanian parsley frog, Pelodytes atlanticus (Portugal)

• Caucasian parsley frog, Pelodytes caucasicus (Caucasus region, Turkey)

• Hesperides' parsley frog, Pelodytes hespericus (Spain)

Family: Bufonidae (true toads)

• Common toad, Bufo bufo

• Giant toad, Bufo spinosus (Iberian Peninsula, France, Jersey)

• Caucasian toad, Bufo verrucosissimus (Caucasus, Turkey, Iran)

• Natterjack toad, Bufo calamita

• Berber toad, Bufo mauritanicus (Spain - introduced)

• Former Bufo viridis group:

• European green toad, Bufotes viridis (in the past Pseudepidalea (Bufo) viridis, most of Europe) and:

• Variable green toad, Bufotes sitibundus (Caucasus region, Russia, Kazakhstan)

• Balearic green toad, Bufotes balearicus (Italy, Mediterranean islands)

• Varying toad, Bufotes variabilis (currently not recognized, northern Europe, Greece, Caucasus region)

• African green toad, Bufotes boulengeri (Lampedusa) and:

• Sicilian green toad, Bufotes (boulengeri) siculus (Sicilia, Favignana and Ustica)

• Cyprus green toad, Bufotes cypriensis (Cyprus)

Family: Hylidae (tree frogs and their allies)

• Common tree frog, Hyla arborea

• Oriental tree frog, Hyla orientalis (eastern Europe, Turkey, Iran)

• Italian tree frog, Hyla intermedia and:

• Po's tree frog, Hyla perrini (southern Europe)

• Stripeless tree frog, Hyla meridionalis (southern Europe)

• Iberian tree frog, Hyla molleri (Iberian Peninsula, France)

• Sardinian tree frog, Hyla sarda

Family: Ranidae (true frogs)

Typical frogs

• Common frog, Rana temporaria and:

• Rana parvipalmata (Spain)

• Pyrenean frog, Rana pyrenaica

• Moor frog, Rana arvalis

• Agile frog, Rana dalmatina

• Italian agile frog, Rana latastei

• Italian stream frog, Rana italica

• Greek stream frog, Rana graeca

• Iberian frog, Rana iberica

• Long-legged wood frog, Rana macrocnemis (Caucasus region, Turkey)

Water frogs

• Marsh frog, Pelophylax ridibundus

• Pool frog, Pelophylax lessonae

• Edible frog, Pelophylax kl. esculentus

• Perez's frog, Pelophylax perezi

• Graf's hybrid frog, Pelophylax kl. grafi

• Italian pool frog, Pelophylax bergeri

• Italian edible frog, Pelophylax kl. hispanicus (Italy)

• Epirus water frog, Pelophylax epeiroticus

• Albanian water frog, Pelophylax shqipericus

• Karpathos frog, Pelophylax cerigensis (Greece)

• Cretan frog, Pelophylax cretensis (Greece)

• Cyprus water frog, Pelophylax cypriensis (Cyprus)

• Balkan frog, Pelophylax kurtmuelleri

• Levant water frog, Pelophylax bedriagae

• Sahara frog, Pelophylax saharicus (Gran Canaria - introduced)

• American bullfrog, Lithobates catesbeianus (introduced)

See also

• List of birds of Europe
• List of mammals of Europe
• List of reptiles of Europe
• List of extinct animals of Europe
• List of amphibians and reptiles of Cantabria

Further reading

• Arnold N., Ovenden D., Collins Field Guide: Reptiles & Amphibians Britain & Europe., HarperCollins Publishers, London, 2002,
• Engelmann W., Fritzsche J., Günthner R., Obst F., Beobachten und bestimmen: Lurche und Kriechtiere Europas, Neumann Verlag, Leipzig, Radebeul, 1985

External links

• Web site: Amphibian Species of the World 6.0, an Online Reference . Frost . Darrel . 2017 . American Museum of Natural History .
• AmphibiaWeb Database. University of California, Berkeley, CA.