List of amphibians of Alabama explained

The U.S. state of Alabama has 73 known indigenous amphibian species.^[1] These indigenous species include 30 frog and toad species and 43 salamander species.^[2] ^[3] ^[4] Two of these native species may have become extirpated within the state. They are the Mississippi gopher frog and flatwoods salamander.^[1] ^[5]

Human predation, pollution, and habitat destruction has placed several amphibian species at risk of extirpation or extinction. The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources lists the conservation status of each species within the state with a rank of lowest, low, moderate, high, and highest concern.^[1]

Frogs and toads

Scientific name	Common name	Conservation concern
Bufo americanus	American toad	Lowest
Bufo fowleri	Fowler's toad	Lowest
Bufo quercicus	oak toad	Moderate
Bufo terrestris	southern toad	Lowest
Acris crepitans	northern cricket frog	Low
Acris gryllus	southern cricket frog	Lowest
Hyla andersonii	pine barrens treefrog	High
Hyla avivoca	bird-voiced treefrog	Lowest
Hyla chrysoscelis	Cope's gray treefrog	Lowest
Hyla cinerea	American green treefrog	Lowest
Hyla femoralis	pine woods treefrog	Lowest
Hyla gratiosa	barking treefrog	Low
Hyla squirella	squirrel treefrog	Low
Pseudacris brachyphona	mountain chorus frog	Lowest
Pseudacris crucifer	spring peeper	Lowest
Pseudacris feriarum	upland chorus frog	Lowest
Pseudacris nigrita	southern chorus frog	Lowest
Pseudacris ocularis	little grass frog	High
Pseudacris ornata	ornate chorus frog	Moderate
Eleutherodactylus planirostris	greenhouse frog	Exotic, Native to Cuba and the Caribbean.
Gastrophryne carolinensis	eastern narrowmouth toad	Lowest
Scaphiopus holbrookii	eastern spadefoot	Low
Rana capito	gopher frog	Highest
Rana catesbeiana	American bullfrog	Lowest
Rana clamitans ssp.	bronze frog green frog	Lowest
Rana grylio	pig frog	Lowest
Rana sevosa	Mississippi gopher frog	Possibly extirpated/ U.S. Fish and Wildlife lists as endangered
Lithobates heckscheri	river frog	Highest
Rana palustris	pickerel frog	Low
Rana sphenocephala	southern leopard frog	Lowest
Rana sylvatica	wood frog	Moderate

Salamanders

width = 5% class="unsortable"	Image	width = 30%	Scientific name	width = 30%	Common name	width = 15%	Family	width = 15%	Conservation concern
	Ambystoma cingulatum	flatwoods salamander		Possibly extirpated/ U.S. Fish and Wildlife lists as threatened
	Ambystoma maculatum	spotted salamander		Low
	Ambystoma opacum	marbled salamander		Low
	Ambystoma talpoideum	mole salamander		Low
	Ambystoma texanum	smallmouth salamander		Moderate
	Ambystoma tigrinum	eastern tiger salamander		Moderate
	Amphiuma means	two-toed amphiuma		Low
	Amphiuma pholeter	one-toed amphiuma		High
	Amphiuma tridactylum	three-toed amphiuma		Low
	Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis	hellbender		Highest
	Aneides aeneus	green salamander		High
	Desmognathus aeneus	seepage salamander		High
	Desmognathus apalachicolae	Apalachicola dusky salamander		Lowest
	Desmognathus auriculatus	southern dusky salamander		Highest
	Desmognathus conanti	spotted dusky salamander		Low
	Desmognathus monticola	seal salamander		Low
	Desmognathus ocoee	Ocoee salamander		Moderate
	Eurycea cirrigera	southern two-lined salamander		Lowest
	Eurycea guttolineata	three-lined salamander		Lowest
	Eurycea longicauda	long-tailed salamander		Lowest
	Eurycea lucifuga	cave salamander spotted-tail salamander		Lowest
	Eurycea quadridigitata	dwarf salamander		Moderate
	Gyrinophilus palleucus	Tennessee cave salamander		High
	Gyrinophilus porphyriticus ssp.	spring salamander		Low
	Hemidactylium scutatum	four-toed salamander		Low
	Phaeognathus hubrichti	Red Hills salamander		High/ U.S. Fish and Wildlife lists as threatened Official state amphibian
	Plethodon glutinosus	northern slimy salamander		Lowest
	Plethodon grobmani	southeastern slimy salamander		Lowest
	Plethodon mississippi	Mississippi slimy salamander		Lowest
	Plethodon serratus	southern redback salamander		Moderate
	Plethodon ventralis	southern zigzag salamander		Lowest
	Plethodon websteri	Webster's salamander		Lowest
	Pseudotriton montanus flavissimus	Gulf Coast mud salamander		Low
	Pseudotriton ruber ruber	northern red salamander		Low
	Pseudotriton ruber vioscai	southern red salamander		Moderate
	Necturus alabamensis	Alabama waterdog Black Warrior waterdog		High
	Necturus beyeri	Gulf Coast waterdog speckled waterdog Beyer's waterdog		Low
	Necturus maculosus	common mudpuppy		Low
	Necturus species	Loding's waterdog		Low/ Taxonomy undescribed Known from lesser Gulf of Mexico drainages from Mobile Bay eastward.
	Notophthalmus viridescens ssp.	eastern newt		Lowest
	Siren intermedia	lesser siren		Lowest
	Siren lacertina	greater siren		Moderate
	Siren reticulata	reticulated siren/leopard eel		Undetermined Species identified in 2018 Known from two locations in the southern pin plains and hills of the state.

Notes and References

Book: Mirarchi, Ralph E. . Alabama Wildlife: Volume One . 2004 . University of Alabama Press . Tuscaloosa, Alabama . 978-0-81735-1304 . 105–118 .
Book: Alden, Peter . National Audubon Society Field Guide to the Southeastern States . 1999 . Alfred A. Knopf . New York, New York . -0-679-44683-4 . 256–262 .
Web site: Frogs . Outdoor Alabama . Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources . October 16, 2012 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120914002414/https://www.outdooralabama.com/watchable-wildlife/what/amphibians/Frogs/ . September 14, 2012 .
Web site: Salamanders . Outdoor Alabama . Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources . October 16, 2012 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120928030855/http://www.outdooralabama.com/watchable-wildlife/what/Amphibians/Salamanders/ . September 28, 2012 .
Web site: Amphibians in Alabama . Outdoor Alabama . Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources . October 16, 2012 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20121017041747/http://www.outdooralabama.com/watchable-wildlife/what/Amphibians/ . October 17, 2012 .