List of amphibians explained
Amphibians are ectothermic, tetrapod vertebrates of the class Amphibia. All living amphibians belong to the group Lissamphibia. They inhabit a wide variety of habitats, with most species living within terrestrial, fossorial, arboreal or freshwater aquatic ecosystems. Thus amphibians typically start out as larvae living in water, but some species have developed behavioural adaptations to bypass this.
A list of amphibians organizes the class of amphibian by family and subfamilies and mentions the number of species in each of them.
The list below largely follows Darrel Frost's Amphibian Species of the World (ASW), Version 5.5 (31 January 2011). Another classification, which largely follows Frost, but deviates from it in part is the one of AmphibiaWeb, which is run by the California Academy of Sciences and several of universities. The major differences between these two classifications are:
- Frost's ASW has split several families from other families (i.e. elevated to distinct families), whereas AmphibiaWeb has not (i.e., keeping them within the original families as subfamilies):
- From Dendrobatidae: Aromobatidae
- From Myobatrachidae: Limnodynastidae
- From Ranidae: Ceratobatrachidae, Dicroglossidae, Mantellidae, Micrixalidae, Nyctibatrachidae, Petropedetidae, Phrynobatrachidae, Ptychadenidae, Pyxicephalidae, Ranixalidae, Rhacophoridae
- AmphibiaWeb has also split a few families off from other families (i.e. elevated to distinct families), where Frost's ASW has not (i.e., keeping them within the original families):
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Class Amphibia
See also: List of chordate orders.
There are a total of 8216 amphibian species in three orders.
, 7243 species of frogs and toads are recognised by Amphibian Species of the World.
- Family Megophryidae – litter frogs or short legged toads, 268 species
- Subfamily Megophryinae – Asian spadefoot toads, 106 species
- Family Pelobatidae – European spadefoot toads, 6 species
- Family Pelodytidae – parsley frogs, 5 species
- Family Pipidae – tongueless frogs, 41 species
- Family Rhinophrynidae – Mexican burrowing toad, 1 species
- Family Scaphiopodidae – American spadefoot toads, 7 species
- Family Allophrynidae – Tukeit Hill frogs, 3 species
- Family Alsodidae – 30 species
- Family Arthroleptidae – screeching frogs or squeakers, 149 species
- Subfamily Arthroleptinae – 67 species
- Subfamily Astylosterninae – 30 species
- Subfamily Leptopelinae – 52 species
- Family: Batrachylidae, 12 species
- Superfamily Brachycephaloidea – 1170 species
- Family Brevicipitidae – 36 species
- Family Bufonidae – true toads, 627 species
- Family Calyptocephalellidae – 5 species
- Family Centrolenidae – glass frogs, 156 species
- Subfamily: Centroleninae – 119 species
- Subfamily: Hyalinobatrachiinae – 35 species
- Family Ceratobatrachidae – 102 species
- Subfamily Alcalinae – 5 species
- Subfamily Ceratobatrachinae – 90 species
- Subfamily Liuraninae – 7 species
- Family Ceratophryidae – 12 species, formerly contained Batrachylidae and Telmatobiidae as subfamilies
- Family Conrauidae – 6 species
- Family Cycloramphidae – 36 species, formerly contained Alsodidae as subfamily
- Superfamily Dendrobatoidea – 328 species
- Family Aromobatidae – 128 species, considered a subfamily of Dendrobatidae by AmphibiaWeb
- Subfamily Allobatinae – 55 species
- Subfamily Anomaloglossinae – 34 species
- Subfamily Aromobatinae – 38 species
- Family Dendrobatidae – poison dart frogs, 200 species
- Family Dicroglossidae – 212 species
- Subfamily Dicroglossinae – 197 species
- Subfamily Occidozyginae – 15 species
- Family Heleophrynidae – ghost frogs, 7 species
- Family Hemiphractidae – 118 species
- Subfamily Cryptobatrachinae – 8 species
- Subfamily Hemiphractinae – 110 species
- Family Hemisotidae – shovelnose frogs, 9 species
- Family Hylidae – tree frogs, 1036 species
- Family Hylodidae – 47 species
- Family Hyperoliidae – sedge frogs or bush frogs, 228 species
- Subfamily Hyperoliinae – 203 species
- Subfamily Kassininae – 25 species
- Family Leiopelmatidae – 3 species; formerly part of Ascaphidae
- Family Leiuperidae – 86 species
- Family Leptodactylidae – southern frogs or tropical frogs, 219 species
- Family Mantellidae – 231 species, formerly considered part of the family Ranidae
- Family Micrixalidae – 24 species, considered part of the family Ranidae by AmphibiaWeb
- Family Microhylidae – narrow-mouthed frogs, 698 species
- Superfamily Myobatrachoidea – 132 species
- Family Nasikabatrachidae – 2 species; formerly included in family Sooglossidae
- Family Nyctibatrachidae – 39 species; formerly considered part of the family Ranidae
- Family Odontobatrachidae – 5 species
- Family Odontophrynidae – 52 species
- Family Petropedetidae – 13 species; formerly considered part of Ranidae
- Family Phrynobatrachidae – 95 species; formerly considered part of Ranidae
- Family Ptychadenidae – 60 species, formerly considered part of Ranidae
- Family Pyxicephalidae – 85 species; formerly considered part of Ranidae
- Family Ranidae – true frogs, 409 species
- Family Ranixalidae – 18 species, formerly considered part of the family Ranidae
- Family Rhacophoridae – moss frogs, 430 species, formerly considered part of the family Ranidae
- Family Sooglossidae Seychelles frogs, 4 species.
- Family Telmatobiidae – 63 species
Order Caudata: Salamanders
, 759 species of salamanders are recognised by Amphibian Species of the World.
, 214 species of caecilians are recognised by Amphibian Species of the World.
See also
Sources
External links