List of ambassadors of Portugal to China explained

Post:	Ambassador
Body:	Portugal to China
Incumbent:	José Augusto Duarte
Inaugural:	Fernão Pires de Andrade

The Portuguese ambassador in Beijing is the official representative of the Government in Lisbon to the Government of the People's Republic of China.

History

• In 1511 Manuel I of Portugal sent Ambassador Fernão Pires de Andrade to China to ask for trading privileges.^[1]
• In 1517 a formal Portuguese embassy got bogged down in Chinese protocol and procrastination, and China expelled the Portuguese in 1522.^[2]
• In 1979 the government of Portugal left the Holy See as last European subject of international law with diplomatic relations with the government in Taipei.^[3]

List of representatives

Diplomatic agrément	Diplomatic accreditation	Ambassador	Observations	Residence	List of heads of state of Portugal	Emperor of China	Term end
		Alexandre Metelo de Sousa e Meneses	Embaixador	Bangkok	Peter III of Portugal	Yongzheng Emperor
		Francisco Xavier Assis Pacheco e Sampaio Melo	Ministro Plenipotenciário	Bangkok	Peter III of Portugal	Qianlong Emperor
		José Maria de Sousa Horta e Costa	Minister Plenipotentiary: resident in Macao, accredited in Japan and Siam. Between 1862 and 1902, diplomatic representatives of Portugal in China combine their functions with those of Governor of Macao and Timorese.	Bangkok	Luís I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		Visconde da Praia Grande de Macau	Legation to China, Japan and Siam.	Bangkok	Luís I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		José Rodrigues Coelho do Amaral	Legation to China, Japan and Siam.	Bangkok	Luís I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		José Maria da Ponte e Horta	Legation to China, Japan and Siam.	Bangkok	Luís I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		António Sérgio de Sousa	Legation to China, Japan and Siam.	Bangkok	Luís I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		Visconde de S. Januário	Legation to China, Japan and Siam.	Bangkok	Luís I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		Januário Correia de Almeida		Bangkok	Luís I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		José Maria Lobo D'Ávila		Bangkok	Luís I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		Visconde de Paço de Arcos		Bangkok	Luís I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
				Bangkok	Luís I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		Tomás de Sousa Rosa		Bangkok	Luís I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		Firmino José da Costa		Bangkok	Luís I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		Tomás de Sousa Rosa	Missão Especial	non resident	Luís I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		João José da Silva	Chargé d'affaires	Bangkok	Luís I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		Francisco Teixeira da Silva		Bangkok	Carlos I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		Coronel Francisco Augusto Ferreira da Silva	Chargé d'affaires	Bangkok	Carlos I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		Custódio Miguel Borja	Chargé d'affaires	Bangkok	Carlos I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		Custódio Miguel Borja		Bangkok	Carlos I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		José de Sousa Horta e Costa		Bangkok	Carlos I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		Eduardo Augusto Rodrigues Galhardo		Bangkok	Carlos I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		José Maria de Sousa Horta e Costa		Bangkok	Carlos I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
				Bangkok	Carlos I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
				Bangkok	Carlos I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		Gabriel de Almeida Santos	Chargé d'affaires	Bangkok	Carlos I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		Ignácio de Costa Duarte	Chargé d'affaires	Bangkok	Carlos I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		Martinho Teixeira Homem de Brederode	Chargé d'affaires	Bangkok	Carlos I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		Gabriel de Almeida Santos	Chargé d'affaires	Bangkok	Carlos I of Portugal	Empress Dowager Cixi
		Barão de Sendal	also accredited in Bangkok and Tokyo.	Beijing	Manuel II of Portugal	Puyi
		Henrique O'Connor Martins	Chargé d'affaires	Beijing	Manuel José de Arriaga	Puyi

Diplomatic agrément	Diplomatic accreditation	Ambassador	Observations	Residence	List of heads of state of Portugal	List of premiers of China	Term end
		José Batalha de Freitas	In 1919 the legation was transferred to Bangkok.	Beijing	Manuel José de Arriaga	Xiong Xiling
		João António de Bianchi		Beijing	Bernardino Machado	Xu Shiying
		Luís Esteves Fernandes	Chargé d'affaires	Nanjing	António de Oliveira Salazar	Tan Yankai
		Armando Navarro	In 1937 the legation was transferred to Shanghai.	Nanjing	António de Oliveira Salazar	Chiang Kai-shek
		João Maria da Silva Lebre e Lima	Ministro Plenipotenciário	Shanghai	António de Oliveira Salazar	H. H. Kung
			^[4]	Nanjing	António de Oliveira Salazar	Chiang Kai-shek
		Joao Rodrigues Simoes Affra	Chargé d'affaires	Nanjing	António de Oliveira Salazar	Chiang Kai-shek
		João de Deus Pereira Bramão Ramos	Encarregado de Negócios	Beijing	António Ramalho Eanes	Hua Guofeng
		António Eduardo de carvalho Ressano Garcia	^[5]	Beijing	António Ramalho Eanes	Hua Guofeng
		António Leal da Costa Lobo		Beijing	António Ramalho Eanes	Zhao Ziyang
		Octávio Neto Valério	1961: Mr. Nyerere stated in the National Assembly that recognition accorded to the Portuguese Consul-General, Senhor Octavio Neto Valerio, to be Consul-General for Portugal in Tanganyika had been revoked from October 17.^[6]	Beijing	António Ramalho Eanes	Zhao Ziyang
		José Manuel Peixoto de Vilas Boas de Vasconcelos Faria		Beijing	Mário Soares	Li Peng
		José Manuel Duarte de Jesus	^[7]	Beijing	Mário Soares	Li Peng
		Pedro Manuel dos Reis Alves Catarino	^[8]	Beijing	Jorge Sampaio	Li Peng
		António Nunes de Carvalho Santana Carlos	^[9]	Beijing	Jorge Sampaio	Zhu Rongji
		Rui Quartin-Santos	^[10]	Beijing	Aníbal Cavaco Silva	Wen Jiabao
		José Tadeu da Costa Soares		Beijing	Aníbal Cavaco Silva	Wen Jiabao
		Jorge Ryder Torres Pereira	10th Portuguese ambassador in Beijing^[11]	Beijing	Aníbal Cavaco Silva	Li Keqiang

^[12]

Notes and References

1. Ta Chen, Chinese Migrations, with Special Reference to Labor Conditions, p. 40
2. Richard Bulliet, Pamela Crossley, Daniel Headrick, Steven Hirsch, Lyman JohnsonThe Earth and Its Peoples: A Global History, p. 563
3. Edited by David Shambaugh, Eberhard Sandschneider, Zhou Hong, China-Europe Relations: Perceptions, Policies and Prospects, p. 86
4. https://books.google.com/books?id=PNLkCwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Joao+de+Barros+Ferreira+da+Fonseca%22&pg=PT7 João de Barros Ferreira da Fonseca
5. https://books.google.com/books?id=qVQNAQAAIAAJ&q=Portugal%09Yang+Qiliang António Eduardo de carvalho Ressano Garcia
6. https://books.google.com/books?id=TsuGAAAAIAAJ&q=Portugal%09Lu+Jixin Octávio Neto Valério
7. https://books.google.com/books?id=32pGAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Portugal%09Wei+Dong José Manuel Duarte de Jesus
8. https://books.google.com/books?id=YybmAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Pedro+Manuel+Dos+Reis+Alves+Catarino+97.+4.+15 Pedro Manuel dos Reis Alves Catarino
9. https://books.google.com/books?id=PCnmAAAAMAAJ&q=Portugal%09%22Ma+Enhan%22 António Nunes de Carvalho Santana Carlos
10. https://books.google.com/books?id=ySrmAAAAMAAJ&q=Portugal%09%22Gao+Kexiang+%22 Rui Quartin-Santos
11. http://www.portugaldailyview.com/whats-new/foreign-affairs-new-ambassador-in-china-presents-credentials Jorge Ryder Torres Pereira
12. Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Portugal), https://idi.mne.pt/pt/42-relacoes-diplomaticas/titulares.html?start=114, Acesso - Instituto Diplomático -"Anexos 1. Diplomatas Portugueses acreditados na China de 1902 a 1997 (Ministros Plenipotenciários e Encarregados de Negócio)" p. 260, A NORMALIZAÇÃO DAS Moisés Silva Fernande, RELAÇÕES LUSO-CHINESAS E A QUESTÃO DA RETROCESSÃO DE MACAU À CHINA, 1974-1979 published by the, http://www.ccilc.pt/sites/default/files/a_normalizacao_das_relacoes_luso-chinesas_e_a_questao_da_retrocessao_de_macau_a_china_1974-1979.pdf