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See main article: Alcoholic drink.
This is a list of alcoholic drinks. An alcoholic drink is a drink that contains ethanol, commonly known as alcohol. Alcoholic drinks are divided into three general classes: beers, wines, and distilled beverages. They are legally consumed in most countries, and over one hundred countries have laws regulating their production, sale, and consumption.[1] In particular, such laws specify the minimum age at which a person may legally buy or drink them. This minimum age varies between 15 and 21 years, depending upon the country and the type of drink. Most nations set it at 18 years of age.
The names of some alcoholic drinks are determined by their raw material.
| Grains | Name of fermented beverage | Name of distilled beverage | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Barley | beer, barley wine | gin, Scotch whisky, Irish whiskey, jenever (Central Europe), ginebra (Spain, Argentina, Philippines), shōchū (mugijōchū) (Japan), soju (Korea), baijiu (China) | |
| Buckwheat | buckwheat whisky (Brittany), shōchū (sobajōchū) (Japan) | ||
| Corn | chicha, corn beer, tesguino | bourbon whiskey, moonshine, also vodka (rare) | |
| Millet | millet beer (Sub-Saharan Africa), tongba (Nepal), boza (the Balkans, Turkey) | ||
| Rice | beer, brem (Indonesia), ruou gao (Vietnam), tuak (Borneo Island), sato (Thailand), huangjiu and choujiu (China), sake (Japan), makgeolli and cheongju (Korea), sonti, handia, and chuak (India), thwon (Nepal) | aila (Nepal), rice baijiu (China), shōchū (komejōchū) and awamori (Japan), soju (Korea), hkaung rai (Myanmar), arrack (Indonesia), lao khao (Thailand) | |
| Rye | rye beer, kvass | rye whiskey, vodka (Russia), korn (Germany) | |
| Sorghum | burukutu (Nigeria), pito (Ghana), merisa (southern Sudan), bilibili (Chad, Central African Republic, Cameroon) | Maotai, Kaoliang liquor, certain other types of baijiu (China). | |
| Wheat | wheat beer | horilka (Ukraine), vodka, wheat whiskey, weizenkorn (Germany), soju (Korea) | |
| Fruit juice | Name of fermented beverage | Name of distilled beverage | |
| Apples | cider (U.S.: "hard cider"), apfelwein | jabukovača (Serbia), applejack (or apple brandy), calvados, cider | |
| Apricots | kajsijevača (Serbia), kaisieva rakia (Bulgaria), pálinka (Hungary) | ||
| Bananas or plantains | chuoi hot (Vietnam), cauim (Kuna Indians of Panama), urgwagwa (Uganda, Rwanda), mbege (with millet malt; Tanzania), kasikisi (with sorghum malt; Democratic Republic of the Congo) | majmunovača (Balkans) | |
| Blueberries | borovnica (Croatia) | ||
| Cashews | feni (India) | ||
| Cherries | cherry wine (Denmark) | Kirsch (Germany, Switzerland) | |
| Coconuts or palm | arrack, lambanog (Sri Lanka, India, Philippines) | ||
| Gouqi | gouqi jiu (China) | gouqi jiu (China) | |
| Ginger with sugar, ginger with raisins | |||
| Grapes | wine, Cachina (Perú) | brandy, cognac (France), vermouth, armagnac (France), branntwein (Germany), pisco (Peru), rakija (The Balkans, Turkey), singani (Bolivia), arak (Syria, Lebanon, Jordan), törkölypálinka (Hungary), zivania (Cyprus) | |
| Juniper berries | gin, jenever (Netherlands/Belgium), borovička (Slovakia) | ||
| Mulberries | oghi (Armenia) | ||
| Myrica rubra | yangmei jiu (China) | yangmei jiu (China) | |
| Pears | perry, or pear cider; poiré (France) | kruškovac (Croatia), viljamovka (Serbia), Poire Williams, pear brandy, eau-de-vie (France), pálinka (Hungary), krushova rakia / krushevitsa (Bulgaria) | |
| Pineapples | tepache (Mexico), Pineapple Wine (Hawaii) | ||
| Plums | šljivovica (Balkans and Central Europe), slivovitz, țuică, umeshu (Japan), pálinka, slivova rakia / slivovitsa (Bulgaria) | ||
| Pomace | pomace wine | raki/ouzo/pastis/sambuca (Turkey/Greece/France/Italy), tsipouro/tsikoudia (Greece), grappa (Italy/Argentina/Uruguay), trester (Germany), marc (France), orujo (Spain), zivania (Cyprus), bagaço (Portugal), tescovină (Romania), arak (Iran) | |
| Pomegranates | pomegranate wine (Armenia) | ||
| Quinces | dunjevača (Serbia) | ||
| Raspberries | raspberry wine[2] (US, Canada) | Himbeergeist (Germany, Switzerland) | |
| Sausage tree fruit | muratina wine[3] (Kenya) | ||
| Flowers | Name of fermented beverage | Name of distilled beverage | |
| Madhuca longifolia | mahudo and mahuda no daru (Gujarat), mahuva ki sharaab, madhvi, and tharra (Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh) | ||
| Vegetables | Name of fermented beverage | Name of distilled beverage | |
| Agave juice | tequila, mezcal, raicilla, bacanora | ||
| Agave sap | |||
| Cassava | Saliva-fermented beverages
| tiquira (Brazil) | |
| Ginger root juice | ginger beer (Botswana) | ||
| Potato | potato beer | horilka (Ukraine), vodka (Poland), Kartoffelschnaps (Germany), akvavit (Scandinavia), poitín (poteen) (Ireland), tuzemák (Czech Republic), brennivín (Iceland) | |
| Sugarcane juice, or molasses | basi, betsa-betsa (regional) | rum (Caribbean), rhum agricole (Haiti, Martinique, Guadeloupe and the rest of the French Caribbean), clairin (Haiti), cachaça (Brazil), desi daru (India), aguardiente de caña (Spain), aguardiente, guaro, lavagallo, pinga (Venezuela, Colombia, Nicaragua), mamajuana (Dominican Republic), gongo and konyagi (Tanzania), cocoroco (Bolivia), caña (Argentina, Uruguay), espinillar (Uruguay), caña blanca (Paraguay), ginebra (Philippines) | |
| Sweet potato | shōchū (imojōchū) (Japan), soju (Korea) | ||
| Ti root | okolehao (Hawai'i) | ||
| Other raw materials | Name of fermented beverage | Name of distilled beverage | |
| Sap of palm | coyol wine (Central America), tembo (Sub-Saharan Africa), toddy (Indian subcontinent), namtanmao (Thailand) | ||
| Sap of Arenga pinnata, coconut, Borassus flabellifer | palm wine, tubâ (Philippines), namtanmao (Thailand) | arrack, lambanog (Philippines) | |
| Honey | mead, horilka (Ukraine), sima (Finland), tej (Ethiopia) | medica (Croatia), distilled mead, honey-flavored liqueur | |
| Milk | arkhi (Mongolia) | ||
| Sugar | kilju (Finland) | shōchū (kokutō shōchū) made from brown sugar (Japan) or rum | |
| Walnuts | orahovac (Croatia, Serbia) |
A distilled beverage, spirit drink, or liquor is an alcoholic drink containing ethanol that is produced by distillation (i.e., concentrating by distillation) of ethanol produced by means of fermenting grains, fruits, botanicals, vegetables, seeds, or roots.[4] Vodka, gin, baijiu, shōchū, soju, tequila, rum, whisky, brandy, and singani are examples of distilled drinks. Beer, wine, cider, sake, and huangjiu are examples of fermented drinks.
Hard liquor is used in North America, and India, to distinguish distilled drinks from undistilled ones, and to suggest that undistilled are implicitly weaker.
The following are liquors being produced around the world (by type, then alphabetically):
Where the seed or botanical is the dominant flavorant:
See main article: List of liqueurs.