The following is a list of adjectival forms of subcontinental regions in English and their demonymic equivalents, which denote the people or the inhabitants of these subcontinental regions.
Note: Demonyms are given in plural forms. Singular forms simply remove the final 's' or, in the case of -ese endings, are the same as the plural forms.The ending -men has feminine equivalent -women (e.g. an Irishman and a Scotswoman). The French terminations -ois / ais serve as both the singular and plural masculine; adding 'e' (French: -oise / French: aise) makes them singular feminine; 'es' (French: -oises / French: aises) makes them plural feminine. The Spanish termination "-o" usually denotes the masculine and is normally changed to feminine by dropping the "-o" and adding "-a". The plural forms are usually "-os" and "-as" respectively.
Adjectives ending -ish can be used as collective demonyms (e.g. the English, the Cornish). So can those ending in -ch / -tch (e.g. the French, the Dutch) provided they are pronounced with a 'ch' sound (e.g. the adjective Czech does not qualify).
Where an adjective is a link, the link is to the language or dialect of the same name. (Reference: Ethnologue, Languages of the World)
Many place-name adjectives and many demonyms refer also to various other things, sometimes with and sometimes without one or more additional words. (Sometimes, the use of one or more additional words is optional.) Notable examples are cheeses, cat breeds, dog breeds, and horse breeds. (See List of words derived from toponyms.)
| Name | Adjective | Demonym | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cyrene | Cyrenes | ||
| Darfur | Darfuris | ||
| Maghreb | Maghrebis | ||
| Mediterranean | |||
| Nilotic | |||
| Nubian | Nubians | ||
| Saharan | Sahrawi | ||
| Zanzibar | Zanzibaris | ||
| Macaronesian | Macaronesians |
| Name | Adjective | Demonym | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acadian | Acadians | ||
| Acadian | (Cajuns) | ||
| Aleut, Aleutian | Aleuts, Aleutians | ||
| Amazonian | |||
| Andean | |||
| Antillean | Antilleans | ||
| Appalachian | |||
| Caribbean | |||
| Cascadian | Cascadians | ||
| Cearense | Cearenses | ||
| Guianan | Guianans | ||
| Long Island | Long Islanders | ||
| Maritime | Maritimers | ||
| Mineiro | Mineiros | ||
| New England | New Englanders | ||
| Norteño | Norteños | ||
| Patagonian | Patagonians | ||
| Paranaense | Paranaenses | ||
| Fluminense | Fluminenses | ||
| Sul-rio-grandense, Gaúcho | Gaúchos | ||
| Laurentian | |||
| Catarinense, Barriga-verde | Catarinenses, Barrigas-verdes | ||
| Paulista | Paulistas | ||
| Southern | Southerners | ||
| Yoopers | |||
| West Indian | West Indians |
| Name | Adjective | Demonym | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balinese | |||||
| Balochi/s, Baluchi/s | |||||
| Moro | |||||
| Bengalis | |||||
| Bicol, Bicolano | Bicolanos | ||||
| Biharis | |||||
| Bornean | Borneans | ||||
| Caucasian, Caucasic | Caucasians | ||||
| Central Asian | Central Asians | ||||
| Floresian | |||||
| Gujaratis | |||||
| Himalayan | |||||
| Dosanko | Hong Kong | Hong Kongers, Hongkongers --> | |||
| Indochinese | Indochinese | ||||
| Javanese, Sundanese | Javanese, Sundanese | ||||
| Kashmiran | Kashmiris, Kashmirite | ||||
| Koreans | |||||
| Kumaiye, Kumaonis | |||||
| Luzones | Luzones | ||||
| Melanesian | Melanesians | ||||
| Moluccan | Moluccans | ||||
| Mindanaoan | Mindanaoans | ||||
| Negrenses, Negrosanons | |||||
| Okinawan, Ryukyuan | Okinawans, Ryukyuans | ||||
| Punjabis | |||||
| Siberian | Siberians | ||||
| Subcontinental | Desis | ||||
| Sulawesian | Sulawesians | ||||
| Sumatran | Sumatrans | ||||
| Sylheti | Sylhetis | ||||
| Tibetans | |||||
| Visayan | Visayans | ||||
| Name | Adjective | Demonym | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arab, Arabian | Arabs, Arabians | ||||
| Galilean | Galileans | ||||
| Judean, Judaean | Judeans, Judaeans | ||||
| Levantine | Levantines | ||||
| Kurds | Palestinian | Palestinians --> | |||
| Samaritan | Samaritans | ||||
| Anatolian | Anatolians |
| Name | Adjective | Demonym | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Antipodesa | Antipodean | Antipodeans | |
| Melanesian | Melanesians | ||
| Micronesian | Micronesians | ||
| Polynesian | Polynesians | ||
| Tahitians | |||
| New Guinean | New Guineans | ||
| a Usually refers to Australia and New Zealand. | |||
| Name | Adjective | Demonym | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpine | |||||
| Alsatians | |||||
| Andalusian | Andalusians | ||||
| Apennine | |||||
| Apulian | Apulians | ||||
| Aragonese | |||||
| Asturians | |||||
| Balkan | |||||
| Baltic | Balts | ||||
| Bavarian | Bavarians | ||||
| Basques | |||||
| Bessarabian | Bessarabians | ||||
| Black Sea, Chornomorian | Black Sea Cossacks | ||||
| Bohemian | Bohemians | ||||
| Boyko region, Boikivshchyna | Boyko | Boykos | |||
| Bukovinian | Bukovinians | ||||
| Bretons | |||||
| Burgundians | |||||
| Calabrian | Calabrians | ||||
| Cambridge | Cantabrigian | Cantabrigians | |||
| Campanian | Campanians | ||||
| Cantabrian | Cantabrians | ||||
| Canterbury | Cantuarian | Cantuarians | |||
| Carinthian | Carinthians | ||||
| Carpathian | |||||
| Castilians | |||||
| Catalans | |||||
| Caucasian, Caucasic | Caucasians | ||||
| Ciscarpathia | Ciscarpathian | ||||
| Cornish | |||||
| Corsicans | |||||
| Curonian | Curonians | ||||
| Cretans | |||||
| Crimean | Crimeans | ||||
| Cumbrian | Cumbrians | ||||
| Dalmatian | Dalmatians | ||||
| Danubian | |||||
| Dnieper Ukraine | Dniprian | Dniprians | |||
| Extremaduran | Extremadurans | ||||
| Fife | Fifers | ||||
| Flemings | |||||
| Franconian | Franconians | ||||
| Friesian, Frisian | Friesians, Frisians | ||||
| Galician | Galicians | ||||
| Gallovidian | Gallovidians | ||||
| Gascons | |||||
| Gotland | Gotlanders | ||||
| Gozitan | Gozitans | ||||
| Harrovian | Harrovians | ||||
| Hessian | Hessians | ||||
| Holsteinian | Holsteiners | ||||
| Hutsul region, Hutsulshchyna | Hutsul | Hutsuls | |||
| Iberian | Iberians | ||||
| Istrian | Istrians | ||||
| Jutland | Jutlanders | ||||
| Karelian | Karelians | ||||
| Kosovar, Kosovan | Kosovars, Kosovans | ||||
| Kuban | Kuban | Kubanians, Kuban Cossacks | |||
| Left-bank Ukraine, "Little Russia" (historical), Hetmanshchyna, Hetmania | Ukrainian, "Little Russian" (historical) | Hetmanians, hetmantsi, "Little Russians" (historical), Ukrainians | |||
| Lemkian, Lemk | Lemkos, Lemkians, Lemks | ||||
| Lancastrian | Lancastrians | ||||
| Laplanders, Sámi | Latins--> | ||||
| Leoneses | |||||
| Lombard, Lombardic | Lombards | ||||
| Lorrainian | Lorrainians | ||||
| Lusatians | |||||
| Majorca, Mallorca | Majorcan, Mallorcan | Majorcans, Mallorcans | |||
| Mediterranean | |||||
| Menorcan | Menorcans | ||||
| Moravian | Moravians | ||||
| Murcian | Murcians | ||||
| Navarrese | Navarrese | ||||
| Normans | |||||
| Northumbrian | Northumbrians | ||||
| Orcadian | Orcadians | ||||
| Palatine | Palatines | ||||
| Peloponnesian | Peloponnesians | ||||
| Pennine | |||||
| Picards | |||||
| Piedmontese | |||||
| Padane | |||||
| Podolia, Podillia | Podolian, Podillian | Podolians, Podillians | |||
| Pokuttian | |||||
| Polesia, Polissia | Polesian, Polissian | Poleshuks, Poleshchuks | |||
| Pomeranian | Pomeranians | ||||
| Pyrenean | |||||
| Rhenish | Rhinelanders | ||||
| Right-bank Ukraine, Trans-Dnieper Ukraine | Trans-Dnieper, Trans-Dniprian | ||||
| Rus' (Ruthenia) | Rus', Ruthenian, Ruthene, Rus'ian, Russian (historical) | Rus', rusichi, Ruthenians, Ruthenes, East Slavs, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Russians (historical) | |||
| Ruthenia (Carpathian Ruthenia) | Ruthenian, Ruthene | Ruthenians, Ruthenes, Rusyns, Rusnaks | |||
| Samogitians | |||||
| Sardinians | |||||
| Savoyards | |||||
| Saxon | Saxons | ||||
| Scandinavian | Scandinavians | ||||
| Scanian | Scanians | ||||
| Shetland | Shetlanders | ||||
| Sicilians | |||||
| Silesian | Silesians | ||||
| Sloboda Ukraine, Slobozhanshchyna | Sloboda Ukrainian, Slobozhanian | Sloboda Cossacks, Sloboda Ukrainians, Slobozhanians | |||
| Styrian | Styrians | ||||
| Subcarpathia (also Transcarpathia) | Subcarpathian | ||||
| Thracian | Thracians | ||||
| Thuringian | Thuringians | ||||
| Transcarpathia (also Subcarpathia) | Transcarpathia | ||||
| Transylvanian | Transylvanians | ||||
| Tuscans | |||||
| Tyrolean, Tyrolese | Tyroleans, Tyrolese | ||||
| Umbrian | Umbrians | ||||
| Venetians | |||||
| Volhynian | Volhynians | ||||
| Wallachian | Wallachians | ||||
| Walloons | |||||
| Westphalian | Westphalians | ||||
| Zaporizhzhia, Zaporozhian Ukraine | Zaporozhian | Zaporozhians | |||
| Zeeland | Zeelanders |