List of World War I flying aces from the United States explained

The following is a list of flying aces from the United States of America who served in World War I

Overview

See also: Aerial victory standards of World War I. Even before the United States entry into World War I in April 1917, many Americans volunteered to serve in the armed forces of Great Britain and France. Many eventually found their ways into the Royal Flying Corps and Aéronautique Militaire (French Air Service). The British integrated the Americans into their existing squadrons, while the French set up separate American squadrons such as the Lafayette Escadrille and then the Lafayette Flying Corps, as well as integrated the pilots into existing squadrons.

When American Air Service units began reaching England and France in the fall of 1917, many of the Americans serving in British and French squadrons transferred to the American units, but not all. This list is separated such that American pilots who served in the Royal Flying Corps (later Royal Air Force) squadrons and Aéronautique Militaire are listed as such, while those who served only in the Air Service, United States Army Aero Squadrons are listed separately. Known American air aces that chose to remain with their British or French squadrons are also listed.

The British and French documented aerial victories in different ways. The British decided early in the war that since the majority of air combat occurred behind enemy lines, confirmation of aerial victories would be made by witnesses mostly in the front line trenches. If an aircraft was seen going down "out of control", then the pilot would be given credit for a victory as it was presumed the plane crashed in enemy territory.

The French implemented a strict system of victories being confirmed by independent observers, and an enemy plane had to be seen to fall in flames and crash; or be destroyed in the air. Unconfirmed victories were also noted if the enemy plane was seen to spin out of control but the final end was not observed. These unconfirmed victories were noted, but not included in a pilots score.

The Americans generally used the French rules of scoring aerial victories with the exception of the 17th and 148th Aero Squadrons, which were under British control until October, 1918. The pilots flying in those squadrons were scored under British rules. "Shared" victories were noted when two or more pilots attacked an enemy plane, and it could not be determined precisely which pilot shot down the aircraft.

Air aces

Pilots who scored five or more aerial victories were classified as "air aces". The lists below show the names; military rank; units in which they served, and miscellaneous notes along with the known decorations which they received.

Served with the Aéronautique Militaire

Name	Rank	Units	Notes
William Terry Badham	Lieutenant	Escadrille AR.214 Escadrille BR.40 Escadrille BR.210 91st Aero Squadron	5 victories (all shared) Flew as observer/gunner Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, December, 1917 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA)^[1]   Silver Star Citation (×2)^[2]
Paul Frank Baer	Lieutenant	Escadrille N.124 (Lafayette Escadrille) Escadrille SPA.80 103d Aero Squadron	9 victories (2 shared) Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, February, 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA) (×2)   Légion d'honneur   Croix de guerre^[3] ^[4]
Frank Leaman Baylies	Lieutenant	Escadrille SPA.73 Escadrille SPA.3	12 victories (3 shared) Killed in action: 17 June 1918^[5] Awarded:   Légion d'honneur   Médaille militaire   Croix de guerre (with seven palms)^[6]
James Dudley Beane	Lieutenant	Escadrille SPA.69 22d Aero Squadron	6 victories (4 shared) Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, August, 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA)   Croix de guerre^[7]
Charles John Biddle	Major	Escadrille N.124 (Lafayette Escadrille) Escadrille SPA.73 13th Aero Squadron 103d Aero Squadron	7 victories (4 shared); 1 unconfirmed. Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, February, 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA)   Légion d'honneur   Croix de guerre   Order of Leopold II (Belgium)^[8]
Thomas Gantz Cassady	Captain	Escadrille SPA.157 Escadrille SPA.163 28th Aero Squadron 103d Aero Squadron	9 victories (5 shared); 3 unconfirmed. Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, July, 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA) (×2)   Légion d'honneur   Croix de guerre^[9] ^[10]
James Alexander Connelly Jr.	Adjutant	Escadrille SPA.157 Escadrille SPA.163	7 victories (5 shared); 2 unconfirmed. Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA)   Médaille militaire   Croix de guerre (4 palms)^[11]
Charles Gossage Grey	Captain	Escadrille SPA.93 Lafayette Flying Corps 213th Aero Squadron	5 victories (3 shared) Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, March, 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA)^[12]
Lansing Colton Holden Jr.	Lieutenant	Escadrille N.461 95th Aero Squadron	7 victories (1 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA) (×2)^[13] ^[14]
Gorman DeFreest Larner	Captain	Escadrille SPA.86 103d Aero Squadron	7 victories (4 shared) Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, June, 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA) (×2)   Croix de guerre^[15] ^[16]
Gervais Raoul Lufbery	Major	Escadrille VB.106 Escadrille N.124 (Lafayette Escadrille) 94th Aero Squadron	16 victories (3 shared); 3 unconfirmed. Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, April, 1918; Killed in action: 17 June 1918 Awarded:   Purple Heart (Retroactive, 2004)   Légion d'honneur   Médaille militaire   Croix de guerre Silver Medal for Bravery, Montenegro (Orden za hrabrost)   Military Medal (United Kingdom))^[17]
Edwin Charles Parsons	Lieutenant	Escadrille N.124 (Lafayette Escadrille) Escadrille SPA.3	8 victories (2 shared) Awarded:   Médaille militaire   Croix de guerre   Order of Leopold II (Belgium)   Croix de guerre (Belgium)^[18]
David McKelvey Peterson	Major	Escadrille N.124 (Lafayette Escadrille) 103d Aero Squadron 94th Aero Squadron 95th Aero Squadron	6 victories (1 shared) Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, February, 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA) (×2)   Croix de guerre^[19] ^[20]
William Thomas Ponder	Lieutenant	Escadrille SPA.67 Escadrille SPA.163 103d Aero Squadron	6 victories (4 shared) Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, February, 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA)   Croix de guerre^[21]
David Endicott Putnam	Lieutenant	Escadrille SPA.38 Escadrille SPA.94 Escadrille SPA.156 139th Aero Squadron	13 victories (2 shared); 16 unconfirmed. Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, May, 1918; Killed in action: 12 September 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA)   Légion d'honneur   Médaille militaire   Croix de guerre^[22]
William Thaw II	Lieutenant Colonel	Escadrille D.6 Escadrille C.42 Escadrille N.65 Escadrille N.124 (Lafayette Escadrille) 103d Aero Squadron 3d Pursuit Group (Commander)	5 victories (3 shared); 2 unconfirmed. Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, June, 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA) (×2)   Légion d'honneur   Croix de guerre^[23] ^[24]
Remington D. B. Vernam	Lieutenant	Escadrille SPA.96 17th Aero Squadron	6 victories (2 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA)^[25]

Served with the Royal Flying Corps (later Royal Air Force)

Name	Rank	Units	Notes
Hilbert Leigh Bair	Lieutenant	No. 24 Squadron RAF 25th Aero Squadron	6 victories (4 shared) Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, October, 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA)   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[26]
Louis Bennett Jr.	Lieutenant	No. 40 Squadron RAF	12 victories (1 shared) Killed in action: 24 August 1918
Charles Arthur Bissonette	Lieutenant	No. 24 Squadron RAF No. 64 Squadron RAF	6 victories (1 shared)
Harold Koch Boysen	Lieutenant	No. 66 Squadron RAF	5 victories (3 shared) Awarded:   Medal of Military Valor (Italy)^[27]
Sydney MacGillvary Brown×	Lieutenant	No. 29 Squadron RAF	5 victories Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)   Croix de guerre^[28]
Archibald Buchanan	Lieutenant	No. 210 Squadron RAF	7 victories Royal Naval Air Service (prior to 1 April 1918) Killed in action: 30 October 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)   Croix de guerre^[29]
Henry Robinson Clay	Lieutenant	No. 43 Squadron RAF 41st Aero Squadron 148th Aero Squadron	8 victories Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, September, 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA)   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[30]   Silver Star Citation (×2)^[31]
Lawrence Kingsley Callahan	Lieutenant	No. 85 Squadron RAF 148th Aero Squadron	5 victories Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, November, 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[32]   Silver Star Citation (×3)^[33]
Alvin Andrew Callender	Captain	No. 32 Squadron RAF	8 victories Killed in action: 30 October 1918
Charles Gray Catto	Lieutenant	No. 45 Squadron RAF	8 victories (2 shared)
Eugene Seeley Coler	Lieutenant	No. 11 Squadron RAF	16 victories (all shared with observer/gunner) Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[34]
Ernest Sidney Tooker, alias: Norman Cooper	Lieutenant	No. 73 Squadron RAF	6 victories Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[35]
Roy Edward Dodds	Captain	No. 103 Squadron RAF No. 106 Squadron RAF	7 victories Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[36]
John Owen Donaldson	Captain	No. 32 Squadron RAF	7 victories Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA)   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)   Croix de guerre (Belgium)^[37]
Arthur Edmund Easterbrook	Lieutenant	No. 9 Squadron RAF 1st Aero Squadron	5 victories (all shared), Flew as observer/gunner Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, October, 1917 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA) (×2)^[38]
Francis Warrington Gillet	Captain	No. 70 Squadron RAF	20 victories Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)   Croix de guerre (Belgium)^[39]
John McGavock Grider	Lieutenant	No. 85 Squadron RAF	4 victories^[40] Killed in action June 18th, 1918
John Sharpe Griffith	Lieutenant	No. 60 Squadron RAF	7 victories Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)   Order of St. Vladimir (Russian Empire)^[41]
Frank Lucien Hale	Captain	No. 32 Squadron RAF No. 85 Squadron RAF	7 victories Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[42]
Lloyd Andrews Hamilton	Lieutenant	No. 3 Squadron RAF 17th Aero Squadron	10 victories (6 shared) Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, June, 1918 Killed in action: 24 August 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA)   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[43]
Harold Evans Hartney	Lieutenant Colonel	No. 20 Squadron RAF 27th Aero Squadron 185th Aero Squadron 1st Pursuit Group	7 victories (5 shared); 1 unconfirmed. Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, June, 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA)   Légion d'honneur   Croix de guerre   Medal of Military Valor (Italy)^[44]   Silver Star Citation^[45]
Richard Alexander Hewat	Lieutenant	No. 19 Squadron RAF No. 67 Squadron RAF	6 victories Killed in action: 14 August 1918^[46]
Malcolm Clifford Howell	Lieutenant	No. 208 Squadron RAF	5 victories (1 shared)
Paul Thayer Iaccaci	Captain	No. 20 Squadron RAF	17 victories (all shared with observer/gunner) Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[47]
David Sinton Ingalls	Lieutenant	No. 213 Squadron RAF No. 217 Squadron RAF	6 victories (5 shared) Detached from: United States Navy, only US Navy air ace in World War I Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA)   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)   Légion d'honneur^[48]
August Thayer Iaccaci	Captain	No. 20 Squadron RAF No. 48 Squadron RAF	17 victories Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[49]
James Alfred Keating	Lieutenant	No. 49 Squadron RAF	5 victories (all shared with observer/gunner) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA)   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[50]
Field Eugene Kindley	Captain	No. 65 Squadron RAF 148th Aero Squadron	12 victories (2 shared), 1 unconfirmed Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, August, 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA) (×2)   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[51] ^[52]
Duerson Knight	Lieutenant	No. 1 Squadron RAF	10 victories (8 shared)
Harold Albert Kullberg	Captain	No. 1 Squadron RAF	19 victories (10 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[53]
William Carpenter Lambert	Captain	No. 24 Squadron RAF	18 victories (5 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[54]
Reed Gresham Landis	Colonel	No. 40 Squadron RAF 25th Aero Squadron	12 victories Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, October, 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA)   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[55]   Silver Star Citation^[56]
Jens Fredrick Larson	Captain	No. 8 Squadron RAF No. 34 Squadron RAF No. 84 Squadron RAF	9 victories (2 shared)
Oliver Colin LeBoutillier	Captain	No. 9N Squadron RNAF No. 209 Squadron RAF	10 victories (4 shared) Also: Royal Naval Air Service (1916-1918)
Frederick Libby	Captain	No. 11 Squadron RAF No. 23 Squadron RAF No. 25 Squadron RAF No. 43 Squadron RAF 22d Aero Squadron	14 victories (all shared with observer/gunner) Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, August, 1918 Awarded:   Military Cross^[57]
Frederic Ives Lord	Captain	No. 79 Squadron RAF	12 victories (1 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK) Order of Saint Stanislaus (Russian Empire)
Frederick Ernest Luff	Lieutenant	No. 74 Squadron RAF 25th Aero Squadron	5 victories Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, October, 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[58]
Emile John Lussier	Captain	No. 73 Squadron RAF	11 victories (2 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[59]
William John MacKenzie	Captain	Dunkirk Seaplane Defence Flight No. 9 Naval Squadron No. 213 Squadron RAF	8 victories Royal Naval Air Service (prior to 1 April 1918) Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)   Croix de guerre (Belgium)^[60]
Francis Peabody Magoun	Lieutenant	No. 1 Squadron RAF	5 victories (3 shared) Awarded:   Military Cross^[61]
James William Pearson	Captain	No. 23 Squadron RAF	12 victories (2 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)   Croix de guerre^[62]
Cleo Francis Pineau	Lieutenant	No. 6 Squadron RAF	6 victories Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[63]
Orville Alfred Ralston	Lieutenant	No. 85 Squadron RAF 148th Aero Squadron	5 victories (1 shared) Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, September 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA)^[64]
Bogart Rogers	Lieutenant	No. 32 Squadron RAF	6 victories
Oren John Rose	Captain	No. 92 Squadron RAF	16 victories Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[65]
Evander Shapard	Lieutenant	No. 92 Squadron RAF	6 victories (1 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[66]
Harold Goodman Shoemaker	Lieutenant	No. 74 Squadron RAF 17th Aero Squadron	5 victories (3 shared) Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, June, 1918
Walter Carl Simon	Lieutenant	No. 34 Squadron RAF No. 139 Squadron RAF	8 victories (all shared with observer/gunner) Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[67]
Elliott White Springs	Captain	No. 85 Squadron RAF 148th Aero Squadron	16 victories (3 shared) Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, September 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA)   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[68]
Edgar Taylor	Lieutenant	No. 79 Squadron RAF	5 victories Killed in action: 24 August 1918^[69]
William Dolley Tipton	Lieutenant	No. 3 Squadron RAF 17th Aero Squadron	5 victories (3 shared) U.S. Air Force officially credits Tipton with 4 victories. Some have disputed the cited reference as possibly conflating the records of pilots William Dolley Tipton and William Duncan Tipton.   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)
Kenneth Russell Unger	Lieutenant	No. 210 Squadron RAF	14 victories (4 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[70]
George Augustus Vaughn Jr.	Lieutenant	No. 84 Squadron RAF 17th Aero Squadron	13 victories (7 shared) Transferred to Air Service, United States Army, August 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (AS, USA)   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)^[71]   Silver Star Citation (×2)^[72]
Clive Wilson Warman	Captain	No. 23 Squadron RAF	12 victories Awarded:   Distinguished Service Order   Military Cross^[73]

Served with the Air Service, United States Army

Name	Rank	Units	Notes
Clayton Lawrence Bissell	Captain	22d Aero Squadron 148th Aero Squadron	6 victories Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)**^[74]   Silver Star Citation^[75] Squadron attached to RAF July–October 1918
Arthur Raymond Brooks	Captain	22d Aero Squadron 139th Aero Squadron	6 victories (4 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross^[76]
Harold Robert Buckley	Captain	95th Aero Squadron	5 victories (4 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (×2)   Croix de guerre^[77] ^[78]
Howard Burdick	Lieutenant	17th Aero Squadron	8 victories (3 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)**^[79]   Silver Star Citation^[80] Squadron attached to RAF June–October 1918
Douglas Campbell	Lieutenant	94th Aero Squadron	6 victories (1 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (×5)   Légion d'honneur   Croix de guerre^[81]   Silver Star Citation^[82]
Reed McKinley Chambers	Major	94th Aero Squadron	7 victories (2 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (×4)   Légion d'honneur   Croix de guerre^[83] ^[84]
Everett Richard Cook	Captain	91st Aero Squadron	5 victories (all shared with observer/gunner) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross   Légion d'honneur   Croix de guerre^[85]   Silver Star Citation^[86]
Harvey Weir Cook	Captain	94th Aero Squadron	7 victories (2 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (×2)^[87] ^[88]
Hamilton Coolidge	Captain	94th Aero Squadron	8 victories (3 shared) Killed in Action: 27 October 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross   Croix de guerre^[89]
Jesse Orin Creech	Lieutenant	148th Aero Squadron	7 victories (2 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)**^[90]   Silver Star Citation^[91] Squadron attached to RAF July–October 1918
Edward Peck Curtis	Lieutenant	95th Aero Squadron	6 victories (5 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross^[92]   Silver Star Citation^[93]
Charles Rudolph d'Olive	Captain	93d Aero Squadron 141st Aero Squadron	5 victories (3 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross^[94]
William Portwood Erwin	Lieutenant	1st Aero Squadron	8 victories (all shared), Flew as observer/gunner Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (×2)   Croix de guerre^[95] ^[96]
George Willard Furlow	Lieutenant	103d Aero Squadron	5 victories (4 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (×2)^[97] ^[98]
Harold Huston George	Lieutenant	139th Aero Squadron	5 victories (4 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross^[99] ^[100]
Murray Kenneth Guthrie	Lieutenant	13th Aero Squadron	6 victories (4 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (×3)^[101] ^[102]
Edward Meeker Haight	Lieutenant	139th Aero Squadron	5 victories (4 shared) Awarded:   Silver Star Citation^[103]
Leonard Coombes Hammond	Captain	91st Aero Squadron	6 victories (all shared); Flew as observer/gunner Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross^[104]   Silver Star Citation^[105]
Frank Kerr Hays	Lieutenant	13th Aero Squadron	6 victories (4 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross^[106]   Silver Star Citation^[107]
James Andrew Healy	Lieutenant	147th Aero Squadron	5 victories (3 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross   Croix de guerre^[108]
Donald Hudson	Lieutenant	27th Aero Squadron	6 victories (5 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross^[109]
Frank O'Driscoll Hunter	Captain	94th Aero Squadron 103d Aero Squadron	9 victories (3 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (×5)   Légion d'honneur^[110] ^[111]
Clinton Leonard Jones Jr.	Lieutenant	22d Aero Squadron	3 victories (3 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (×2)^[112] ^[113]
Howard Clayton Knotts	Lieutenant	17th Aero Squadron	6 victories (1 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross   Distinguished Flying Cross (UK)**^[114]   Silver Star Citation^[115] Squadron attached to RAF June–October 1918
James Knowles Jr.	Lieutenant	95th Aero Squadron	5 victories (1 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross   Croix de guerre^[116]   Silver Star Citation^[117]
Robert Opie Lindsay	Lieutenant	139th Aero Squadron	6 victories (5 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross^[118]
Frank Luke Jr.	Lieutenant	27th Aero Squadron	18 victories (4 shared) Killed in Action: 29 September 1918 Awarded:   Medal of Honor   Distinguished Service Cross (×2)   War Merit Cross (Italy)^[119] ^[120]
John Knox MacArthur	Lieutenant	27th Aero Squadron	6 victories (3 shared) Killed in Action: 20 July 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross   Légion d'honneur   Croix de guerre^[121]
James Armand Meissner	Captain	94th Aero Squadron 147th Aero Squadron	8 victories (4 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (×2)   Croix de guerre^[122] ^[123]
Zenos Ramsey Miller	Lieutenant	27th Aero Squadron	5 victories** Awarded:   Prisoner of War Medal (1985-Retroactive)   Croix de guerre^[124]   Silver Star Citation^[125] Became Prisoner of War, 20 July 1918 after shooting down two enemy aircraft during combat. Air Ace status confirmed in November 1918 after release
Ralph Ambrose O'Neill	Lieutenant	147th Aero Squadron	5 victories (5 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross   Croix de guerre^[126]
John Sidney Owens	Lieutenant	139th Aero Squadron	5 victories (5 shared)
Kenneth Lee Porter	Lieutenant	147th Aero Squadron	5 victories (4 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross   Croix de guerre^[127]
Edward Vernon Rickenbacker	Captain	94th Aero Squadron	26 victories (4 shared) Awarded:   Medal of Honor   Distinguished Service Cross (7x)   Légion d'honneur   Croix de guerre^[128] ^[129]
Wendel Archibald Robertson	Lieutenant	139th Aero Squadron	7 victories (6 shared)
Leslie Jacob Rummell	Lieutenant	93d Aero Squadron	7 victories (3 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross^[130]
Karl John Schoen	Lieutenant	139th Aero Squadron	7 victories (7 shared) Killed in action: 29 October 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross^[131]
John Joseph Seerley Jr.	Lieutenant	13th Aero Squadron	5 victories (5 shared)
Sumner Sewall	Captain	95th Aero Squadron	7 victories (4 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (×2)   Légion d'honneur   Order of Leopold II (Belgium)   Croix de guerre^[132] ^[133]
Francis May Simonds	Lieutenant	147th Aero Squadron	5 victories (5 shared) Awarded:   Croix de guerre^[134]   Silver Star Citation^[135]
Martinus Stenseth	Lieutenant	28th Aero Squadron	8 victories (3 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross^[136]
William Howard Stovall	Lieutenant	13th Aero Squadron	6 victories (3 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross^[137]
Victor Herbert Strahm	Major	91st Aero Squadron	5 victories (5 shared with observer/gunner) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross^[138]   Silver Star Citation^[139]
Jacques Michael Swaab	Lieutenant	22d Aero Squadron	10 victories (3 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross^[140]   Silver Star Citation (×2)^[141]
Edgar Gardner Tobin	Lieutenant	103d Aero Squadron	2 victories (2 shared), 1 unconfirmed Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross   Croix de guerre^[142]
Robert Miles Todd	Lieutenant	17th Aero Squadron	5 victories (2 shared)
Jerry Cox Vasconcells	Captain	27th Aero Squadron 185th Aero Squadron	6 victories (1 shared) Awarded:   Croix de guerre^[143]   Silver Star Citation^[144]
Joseph Frank Wehner	Lieutenant	27th Aero Squadron	6 victories (3 shared) Killed in Action: 18 September 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (×2)^[145]
Wilbert Wallace White	Lieutenant	147th Aero Squadron	8 victories (2 shared) Killed in action: 10 October 1918 Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (×2)   Croix de guerre^[146]
Chester Ellis Wright	Lieutenant	93d Aero Squadron	9 victories (5 shared) Awarded:   Distinguished Service Cross (×2)^[147]

See also

• Aerial victory standards of World War I

Bibliography

• Book: Norman . Franks . Norman Franks . Harry . Dempsey . American Aces of World War I . Oxford, UK . . 2001 . 978-1-84176-375-0.
• Book: Norman . Franks . Frank W. . Bailey . Over the Front: A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the United States and French Air Services, 1914–1918 . London, UK . Grub Street . 1992 . 978-0-948817-54-0 . amp.

Notes and References

1. Web site: William Terry Badham . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
2. Web site: Valor awards for William T. Badham . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131202235310/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=15733 . December 2, 2013 . live .
3. Web site: Paul Frank Baer . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
4. Web site: Valor awards for Paul Frank Baer . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://archive.today/20131118021725/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=15734 . November 18, 2013 . live .
5. Franks & Bailey (1992)
6. Web site: Frank Leaman Baylies . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
7. Web site: James Dudley Beane . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
8. Web site: Charles John Biddle . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
9. Web site: Thomas Gantz Cassady . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
10. Web site: Valor awards for Thomas G. Cassady . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://archive.today/20131118021705/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=15814 . November 18, 2013 . live .
11. Web site: James Alexander Connelly . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
12. Web site: Charles Gossage Grey . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
13. Web site: Lansing Colton Holden . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
14. Web site: Valor awards for Lansing Colton Holden, Jr. . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://archive.today/20131118021725/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=15980 . November 18, 2013 . live .
15. Web site: Gorman DeFreest Larner . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
16. Web site: Valor awards for Gorman DeFreest Larner . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140523073128/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=16037 . May 23, 2014 . live .
17. Web site: Gervais Raoul Lufbery . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
18. Web site: Edwin Charles Parsons . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
19. Web site: David McKelvey Peterson . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
20. Web site: Valor awards for David McKelvey Peterson . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://archive.today/20131118021715/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=16165 . November 18, 2013 . live .
21. Web site: William Thomas Ponder . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
22. Web site: David Endicott Putnam . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
23. Web site: William Thaw . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
24. Web site: Valor awards for William Thaw . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://archive.today/20131118021702/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=16277 . November 18, 2013 . live .
25. Web site: Remington Vernam . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
26. Web site: Hilbert Leigh Bair . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
27. Web site: Harold Koch Boysen . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
28. Web site: Sydney MacGillvary Brown . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
29. Web site: Archibald Buchanan . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
30. Web site: Henry Robinson Clay . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
31. Web site: Valor awards for Henry Robinson Clay, Jr. . Military Times . January 21, 2016.
32. Web site: Laurence Kingsley Callahan . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
33. Web site: Valor awards for Lawrence K. Callahan . Military Times . January 21, 2016.
34. Web site: Eugene Seeley Coler . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
35. Web site: Norman Cooper . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
36. Web site: Roy Edward Dodds . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
37. Web site: John Owen Donaldson . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
38. Web site: Arthur Edmond Easterbrook . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
39. Web site: Francis Warrington Gillet . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
40. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/air-space-magazine/world-war-i-pilot-ptsd-180967710/ Smithsonian
41. Web site: John Sharpe Griffith . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
42. Web site: Frank Lucien Hale . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
43. Web site: Lloyd Andrews Hamilton . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
44. Web site: Harold Evans Hartney . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
45. Web site: Valor awards for Harold E. Hartney . Military Times . January 21, 2016.
46. Web site: Richard Alexander Hewat . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
47. Web site: Paul Thayer Iaccaci . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
48. Web site: David Sinton Ingalls . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
49. Web site: August Thayer Iaccaci . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
50. Web site: James Alfred Keating . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
51. Web site: Field Eugene Kindley . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
52. Web site: Valor awards for Field E. Kindley . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://archive.today/20131118021734/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=16019 . November 18, 2013 . live .
53. Web site: Harold Albert Kullberg . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
54. Web site: William Carpenter Lambert . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
55. Web site: Reed Gresham Landis . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
56. Web site: Valor awards for Reed Gresham Landis . Military Times . January 21, 2016.
57. Web site: Frederick Libby . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
58. Web site: Frederic Earnest Luff . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
59. Web site: Emile John Lussier . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
60. Web site: William John MacKenzie . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
61. Web site: Francis Peabody Magoun . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
62. Web site: James William Pearson . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
63. Web site: Cleo Francis Pineau . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
64. Web site: Orville Alfred Ralston . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
65. Web site: Oren John Rose . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
66. Web site: Evander Shapard . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
67. Web site: Walter Carl Simon . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
68. Web site: Elliott White Springs . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
69. Web site: Edgar Taylor . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
70. Web site: Kenneth Russell Unger . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
71. Web site: George Augustus Vaughn . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
72. News: George Vaughn, 92, World War I Air Ace And School Founder . Glenn . Fowler . August 2, 1989 . . January 21, 2016.
73. Web site: Clive Wilson Warman . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
74. Web site: Clayton Lawrence Bissell . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
75. Web site: Valor awards for Clayton Lawrence Bissell . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://archive.today/20131115224841/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=15763 . November 15, 2013 . live .
76. Web site: Arthur Raymond Brooks . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
77. Web site: Harold Robert Buckley . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
78. Web site: Valor awards for Harold Robert Buckley . https://archive.today/20131118021733/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=15796 . live . November 18, 2013 . Military Times . January 21, 2016 .
79. Web site: Howard Burdick . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
80. Web site: Valor awards for Howard Burdick . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://archive.today/20131115224849/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=15799 . November 15, 2013 . live .
81. Web site: Douglas Campbell . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
82. Web site: Valor awards for Douglas Campbell . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://archive.today/20131118021704/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=15808 . November 18, 2013 . live .
83. Web site: Reed McKinley Chambers . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
84. Web site: Valor awards for Reed McKinley Chambers . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141109201100/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=15817 . November 9, 2014 . live .
85. Web site: Everett Richard Cook . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
86. Web site: Valor awards for Everett Richard Cook . Military Times . January 21, 2016.
87. Web site: Harvey Weir Cook . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
88. Web site: Valor awards for Harvey Weir Cook . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141109201122/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=15839 . November 9, 2014 . live .
89. Web site: Hamilton Coolidge . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
90. Web site: Jesse Orin Creech . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
91. Web site: Valor awards for Jesse Orin Creech . Military Times . January 21, 2016.
92. Web site: Edward Peck Curtis . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
93. Web site: Valor awards for Edward P. Curtis . Military Times . January 21, 2016.
94. Web site: Charles Rudolph d´Olive . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
95. Web site: William Portwood Erwin . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
96. Web site: Valor awards for William P. Erwin . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://archive.today/20131118021653/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=15895 . November 18, 2013 . live .
97. Web site: George Willard Furlow . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
98. Web site: Valor awards for George Willard Furlow . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140523071227/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=15920 . May 23, 2014 . live .
99. Web site: Harold Huston George . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
100. Web site: Valor awards for Harold Huston George . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131216091944/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=15926 . December 16, 2013 . live .
101. Web site: Murray Kenneth Guthrie . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
102. Web site: Valor awards for Murray Kenneth Guthrie . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://archive.today/20131118021734/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=15946 . November 18, 2013 . live .
103. Web site: Valor awards for Edward M. Haight . Military Times . January 21, 2016.
104. Web site: Leonard Coombes Hammond . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
105. Web site: Valor awards for Leonard Coombes Hammond . Military Times . January 21, 2016.
106. Web site: Frank Kerr Hays . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
107. Web site: Valor awards for Frank Kerr Hays . Military Times . January 21, 2016.
108. Web site: James Andrew Healy . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
109. Web site: Donald Hudson . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
110. Web site: Frank O'Driscoll Hunter . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
111. Web site: Valor awards for Frank O'Driscoll Hunter . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140523071312/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=15990 . May 23, 2014 . live .
112. Web site: Clinton Leonard Jones . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
113. Web site: Valor awards for Clinton Jones . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://archive.today/20131118021734/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=16003 . November 18, 2013 . live .
114. Web site: Howard Clayton Knotts . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
115. Web site: Valor awards for Howard Clayton Knotts . Military Times . January 21, 2016.
116. Web site: James Knowles . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
117. Web site: Valor awards for James Knowles, Jr. . Military Times . January 21, 2016.
118. Web site: Robert Opie Lindsay . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
119. Web site: Frank Luke . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
120. Web site: Valor awards for Frank Luke, Jr. . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://archive.today/20131118021715/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=896 . November 18, 2013 . live .
121. Web site: John Knox MacArthur . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
122. Web site: James Armand Meissner . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
123. Web site: Valor awards for James A. Meissner . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://archive.today/20131118021734/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=16099 . November 18, 2013 . live .
124. Web site: Zenos Ramsey Miller . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
125. Web site: Valor awards for Zenos R. Miller . Military Times . January 21, 2016.
126. Web site: Ralph Ambrose O´Neill . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
127. Web site: Kenneth Lee Porter . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
128. Web site: Edward Vernon Rickenbacker . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
129. Web site: Valor awards for Edward Vernon Rickenbacker . Military Times . January 21, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141109201116/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=766 . November 9, 2014 . live .
130. Web site: Leslie Jacob Rummell . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
131. Web site: Karl John Schoen . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
132. Web site: Sumner Sewall . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
133. Web site: Valor awards for Sumner Sewall . Military Times . January 21, 2016.
134. Web site: Francis May Simonds . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
135. Web site: Valor awards for Francis M. Simonds . Military Times . January 21, 2016.
136. Web site: Martinus Stenseth . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
137. Web site: William Howard Stovall . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
138. Web site: Victor Herbert Strahm . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
139. Web site: Valor awards for Victor H. Strahm . Military Times . January 21, 2016.
140. Web site: Jacques Michael Swaab . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
141. Web site: Valor awards for Jacques M. Swaab . Military Times . January 21, 2016.
142. Web site: Edgar Gardner Tobin . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
143. Web site: Jerry Cox Vasconcells . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
144. Web site: Valor awards for Jerry C. Vasconcells . Military Times . January 21, 2016.
145. Web site: Joseph Frank Wehner . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
146. Web site: Wilbert Wallace White . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.
147. Web site: Chester Ellis Wright . The Aerodrome . January 21, 2016.