List of Viola species explained

This is a list of species in the plant genus Viola, often known as violets or pansies.

Viola is the largest genus in the family Violaceae, containing over 680 species.^[1]

Although similarly named, neither African violets nor dogtooth violets are closely related to the true violas.

A

• Viola abbreviata
• Viola × aberrans
• Viola abulensis
• Viola × abundans
• Viola abyssinica
• Viola acanthophylla
• Viola accrescens
• Viola acrocerauniensis
• Viola acuminata – acuminate violet
• Viola acutifolia
• Viola adenothrix
• Viola × adulterina
• Viola adunca – hookedspur violet, western dog violet
• Viola aduncoides
• Viola aethnensis
• Viola aetolica
• Viola affinis – sand violet
• Viola aizoon
• Viola alaica
• Viola alba – white violet
• Viola albanica
• Viola albida
• Viola × albimaritima
• Viola × albovii
• Viola alburnica
• Viola alexandrowiana
• Viola alexejana
• Viola allchariensis – alšar violet
• Viola alliariifolia
• Viola allochroa
• Viola alpina
• Viola altaica
• Viola amamiana
• Viola ambigua
• Viola amiatina
• Viola amurica
• Viola anagae
• Viola × angelliae
• Viola angkae
• Viola angustifolia
• Viola anitae
• Viola annamensis
• Viola appalachiensis – Appalachian violet
• Viola araucaniae
• Viola arborescens
• Viola argentina
• Viola arguta
• Viola arsenica
• Viola arvensis – field pansy, European field pansy
• Viola athois
• Viola atropurpurea
• Viola aurantiaca
• Viola aurata
• Viola auricolor
• Viola auricula
• Viola austrosinensis
• Viola × awagatakensis

B

• Viola × bachtschisaraensis
• Viola bakeri – Baker's violet
• Viola balansae
• Viola balcanica
• Viola bangii
• Viola banksii – Banks' violet
• Viola baoshanensis
• Viola barhalensis
• Viola barkalovii
• Viola barroetana
• Viola × bavarica
• Viola baxteri
• Viola beamanii
• Viola beati
• Viola beckeriana
• Viola beckiana
• Viola beckwithii – Beckwith's violet, Great Basin violet
• Viola belophylla
• Viola bertolonii
• Viola betonicifolia – showy violet, mountain violet
• Viola bezdelevae
• Viola bhutanica
• Viola biflora – yellow wood violet, twoflower violet, arctic yellow violet
• Viola binayensis
• Viola × bissellii – Bissell's violet
• Viola bissetii
• Viola blanda – sweet white violet, Willdenow's violet
• Viola blandiformis
• Viola × blaxlandiae
• Viola bocquetiana
• Viola boissieuana
• Viola boliviana
• Viola brachyceras
• Viola brachypetala
• Viola brachyphylla
• Viola × braunii – Braun's violet
• Viola breviflora
• Viola brevistipulata – short stipule violet
• Viola bridgesii
• Viola brittoniana – northern coastal violet, coast violet
• Viola bubanii
• Viola bulbosa
• Viola × burnatii
• Viola bustillosia

C

• Viola × caesariensis
• Viola calabra
• Viola calcarata
• Viola calchaquiensis
• Viola calcicola
• Viola caleyana
• Viola cameleo
• Viola canadensis – Canadian white violet, Canada violet
• Viola canescens
• Viola canina – dog violet, European heath dog violet
• Viola capillaris
• Viola caspia
• Viola cassinensis
• Viola caucasica
• Viola cavillieri
• Viola cazorlensis
• Viola cenisia
• Viola cephalonica
• Viola cerasifolia
• Viola cervatiana
• Viola × cestrica
• Viola chaerophylloides
• Viola chalcosperma
• Viola chamaedrys
• Viola chamissoniana – olopu
• Viola × champlainensis
• Viola changii
• Viola charlestonensis – Charleston mountain violet
• Viola chassanica
• Viola cheeseana
• Viola cheiranthifolia – Teide violet
• Viola chejuensis – China violet
• Viola chelmea
• Viola chiapasiensis
• Viola × chrysantha
• Viola cilentana
• Viola cilicica
• Viola cinerea
• Viola clauseniana
• Viola cleistogamoides
• Viola cochranei
• Viola collina – hill violet
• Viola × columbiana
• Viola columnaris
• Viola comberi
• Viola commersonii
• Viola communis
• Viola comollia
• Viola concordifolia
• Viola confertifolia
• Viola congesta
• Viola × conjugens
• Viola × consobrina
• Viola × consocia
• Viola × consona
• Viola × contempta
• Viola × conturbata
• Viola × convicta
• Viola × cooperrideri
• Viola × cordifolia
• Viola cornuta – horned pansy, horned violet, Johnny-jump-up, bedding pansy
• Viola coronifera
• Viola corralensis
• Viola corsica
• Viola cotyledon
• Viola crassa
• Viola crassifolia
• Viola crassiuscula
• Viola × crassula
• Viola cuatrecasasii
• Viola cucullata – marsh blue violet
• Viola cuicochensis
• Viola culminis
• Viola cuneata – wedgeleaf violet
• Viola cunninghamii
• Viola curtisiae
• Viola cuspidifolia
• Viola czemalensis

D

• Viola dacica
• Viola dactyloides
• Viola dalatensis
• Viola dandoisiorum
• Viola danielae
• Viola dasyphylla
• Viola davidii
• Viola × davisii – Davis' violet
• Viola decipiens
• Viola declinata
• Viola decumbens
• Viola dehnhardtii
• Viola delavayi
• Viola delphinantha
• Viola demetria
• Viola denizliensis
• Viola diamantiaca
• Viola dichroa
• Viola diffusa – spreading violet
• Viola × dimissa
• Viola dimorphophylla
• Viola dirimliensis
• Viola dirphya
• Viola × discors
• Viola disjuncta
• Viola dissecta
• Viola × dissena
• Viola × dissita
• Viola diversifolia
• Viola doerfleri
• Viola × doii
• Viola dombeyana
• Viola domeikoana
• Viola domestica
• Viola douglasii – Douglas' golden violet
• Viola dubyana
• Viola duclouxii
• Viola dukadjinica
• Viola dyris

E

• Viola × eamesii – Eames' violet
• Viola × eclipes
• Viola ecuadorensis
• Viola edulis
• Viola × egglestoniana
• Viola egglestonii – glade violet
• Viola × egregia
• Viola eizanensis
• Viola × eizasieboldii
• Viola elatior
• Viola elegantula
• Viola emarginata
• Viola eminens
• Viola eminii
• Viola enmae
• Viola epipsila – dwarf marsh violet, large marsh violet
• Viola epirota
• Viola eriocarpa
• Viola ermenekensis
• Viola × erratica
• Viola erythraea
• Viola escarapela
• Viola escondidaensis
• Viola etrusca
• Viola euboea
• Viola eugeniae
• Viola evae
• Viola × excerpta
• Viola eximia
• Viola exsul

F

• Viola falconeri
• Viola × fallacissima
• Viola farkasiana
• Viola faurieana
• Viola × fennica
• Viola ferdinandea
• Viola × fernaldii
• Viola ferrarinii
• Viola ferreyrae
• Viola × festata
• Viola filicaulis
• Viola × filicetorum
• Viola fimbriatula – fringed violet
• Viola fischeri
• Viola flagelliformis
• Viola flavicans
• Viola flettii – Olympic violet, rock violet
• Viola floridana
• Viola flos-idae
• Viola fluehmannii
• Viola formosana
• Viola forrestiana
• Viola fragrans
• Viola frank-smithii – Frank-Smith's violet
• Viola friderici
• Viola frigida
• Viola frondosa
• Viola frusinatae
• Viola fruticosa
• Viola × fujisanensis
• Viola fuscifolia
• Viola fuscoviolacea

G

• Viola galeanaensis
• Viola × ganeschinii
• Viola ganiatsasii
• Viola gaviolii
• Viola gelida
• Viola germainii
• Viola glabella
• Viola glaberrima
• Viola glandularis
• Viola glechomoides
• Viola gmeliniana
• Viola godoyae
• Viola × gotlandica
• Viola gracilis
• Viola gracillima
• Viola graeca
• Viola grahamii
• Viola × grandis
• Viola grandisepala
• Viola granulosa
• Viola grayi
• Viola × greatrexii
• Viola × greenei
• Viola × greenmanii
• Viola grisebachiana
• Viola × grubovii
• Viola grypoceras
• Viola guadalupensis – Guadalupe violet
• Viola guangzhouensis
• Viola guatemalensis
• Viola guaxarensis

H

• Viola × halacsyana
• Viola hallii – Oregon violet
• Viola hamiltoniana
• Viola hancockii
• Viola hastata - halberd-leaf yellow violet
• Viola × haynaldii
• Viola hederacea – Australian violet, trailing violet
• Viola hediniana
• Viola heldreichiana
• Viola helena – Wahiawa stream violet
• Viola hemsleyana
• Viola henriquesii
• Viola henryi
• Viola herzogii – Herzog violet
• Viola × heterocarpa
• Viola hieronymi
• Viola hillii
• Viola hirsutula – southern woodland violet
• Viola hirta – hairy violet
• Viola × hirtiformis
• Viola hirtipes
• Viola hispida – Rouen pansy
• Viola hissarica
• Viola × hollickii – Hollick's violet
• Viola × holmiana
• Viola hondoensis
• Viola hookeri
• Viola hookeriana
• Viola howellii – Howell's violet
• Viola huesoensis
• Viola huidobrii
• Viola huizhouensis
• Viola hultenii
• Viola humilis
• Viola × hungarica
• Viola hybanthoides
• Viola hymettia
• Viola × hyrcanica

I

• Viola × ibukiana
• Viola × igoschinae
• Viola ilvensis
• Viola improcera
• Viola incisa
• Viola × incissecta
• Viola incognita – large-leaved white violet
• Viola inconspicua
• Viola indica
• Viola × indivisa
• Viola ingolensis
• Viola × insessa
• Viola × insolita
• Viola × interjecta
• Viola × intersita
• Viola ircutiana
• Viola irinae
• Viola isaurica
• Viola × iselensis
• Viola isopetala
• Viola ivonis
• Viola iwagawae

J

• Viola × jagellonica
• Viola jalapaensis
• Viola jangiensis
• Viola japonica – Japanese violet
• Viola jaubertiana
• Viola javanica
• Viola jeniseensis
• Viola × jindoensis
• Viola jinggangshanensis
• Viola jizushanensis
• Viola × joannis-wagneri
• Viola joergensenii
• Viola johnstonii
• Viola jooi – Carpathian violet, Transylvanian violet
• Viola jordanii
• Viola × josephii
• Viola × juzepczukii

K

• Viola kamtschadalorum
• Viola × karakulensis
• Viola kauaensis – pohe hiwa
• Viola keiskei
• Viola kermesina
• Viola × kerneri
• Viola × kisoana
• Viola kitaibeliana – dwarf pansy
• Viola kitamiana
• Viola kizildaghensis
• Viola kjellbergii
• Viola × klingeana
• Viola kopaonikensis
• Viola kosanensis
• Viola kosaninii – Košanin violet
• Viola kouliana
• Viola × kozo-poljanskii
• Viola × krascheninnikoviorum
• Viola kunawarensis
• Viola kusanoana
• Viola kusnezowiana

L

• Viola labradorica – alpine violet, Labrador violet
• Viola × lacmonica
• Viola lactea – pale dog violet
• Viola lactiflora
• Viola lainzii
• Viola lanaiensis – Hawaii violet
• Viola lanceolata – bog white violet
• Viola langeana
• Viola langloisii
• Viola langsdorffii – Aleutian violet, Alaska violet
• Viola lanifera
• Viola laricicola
• Viola latistipula
• Viola latiuscula
• Viola × lavandulacea
• Viola lehmannii
• Viola leyboldiana
• Viola libanotica
• Viola lilliputana – Lilliputian violet
• Viola lilloana
• Viola limbarae
• Viola lithion – rock violet
• Viola × litoralis
• Viola livonica
• Viola llullaillacoensis
• Viola lobata – moosehorn violet, yellow wood violet, pine violet
• Viola lologensis
• Viola longibracteolata
• Viola longipetiolata
• Viola lovelliana
• Viola lucens
• Viola × luciae – Lucy's violet
• Viola lungtungensis
• Viola lutea – mountain pansy
• Viola × lutzii
• Viola lyallii – New Zealand native violet, haaka

M

• Viola macloskeyi – small white violet, western sweet white violet
• Viola macroceras
• Viola maculata
• Viola magellanica
• Viola magellensis
• Viola magnifica
• Viola majchurensis
• Viola × malteana
• Viola mandonii
• Viola mandshurica – Fuji dawn
• Viola maoershanensis
• Viola marcelaferreyrae
• Viola marcelorosasii
• Viola × markgrafii
• Viola maroccana
• Viola × marylandica
• Viola × matczkasensis
• Viola matronae
• Viola mauritii
• Viola maviensis – Hawaii bog violet
• Viola maximowicziana
• Viola maymanica
• Viola mearnsii
• Viola × melissifolia
• Viola membranacea
• Viola × menitzkii
• Viola mercurii
• Viola merrilliana
• Viola merxmuelleri
• Viola mesadensis
• Viola miaolingensis
• Viola micranthella
• Viola microcentra
• Viola microphylla
• Viola milanae
• Viola × militaris
• Viola minuscula
• Viola minuta
• Viola minutiflora
• Viola mirabilis – wonder violet
• Viola missouriensis – Missouri violet, banded violet
• Viola × mistura
• Viola × mixta
• Viola modesta
• Viola × modica
• Viola molisana
• Viola × mollicula
• Viola mongolica
• Viola montagnei
• Viola montcaunica
• Viola × montivaga
• Viola moupinensis
• Viola mucronulifera
• Viola muehldorfii
• Viola × mulfordiae – Mulford's violet
• Viola muliensis
• Viola munbyana
• Viola murronensis
• Viola muscoides

N

• Viola nagasawae
• Viola × najadum
• Viola nana
• Viola nanlingensis
• Viola nannae
• Viola nannei
• Viola nassauvioides
• Viola nebrodensis
• Viola × neglectiformis
• Viola nemoralis
• Viola nephrophylla – northern bog violet
• Viola × nephrophylloides
• Viola niederleinii
• Viola × nikitinii
• Viola nitida
• Viola nobilis
• Viola × notabilis
• Viola novae-angliae – New England blue violet
• Viola nubigena
• Viola nuda
• Viola nujiangensis
• Viola nummulariifolia
• Viola nuttallii – Nuttall's violet, yellow prairie violet

O

• Viola oahuensis – Oahu violet
• Viola obituaria
• Viola oblonga
• Viola obtusa – blunt violet
• Viola × obtusoacuminata
• Viola × obtusogrypoceras
• Viola occulta
• Viola ocellata – pinto violet, two-eyed violet
• Viola odontocalycina
• Viola odorata – sweet violet
• Viola × ogawae
• Viola × okuharae
• Viola × olimpia
• Viola orbelica
• Viola orbiculata – darkwoods violet, western round-leaved violet
• Viola oreades
• Viola orientalis
• Viola ornata
• Viola orphanidis
• Viola orthoceras
• Viola ovalleana
• Viola ovato-oblonga
• Viola oxyodontis

P

• Viola pachyrrhiza
• Viola pachysoma
• Viola pacifica
• Viola painteri
• Viola palatina
• Viola pallascaensis
• Viola palmata – crowfoot violet, early blue violet, palmate violet (edible leaves and flowers)^[2]
• Viola palmensis
• Viola palustris – marsh violet, alpine marsh violet
• Viola papuana
• Viola paradoxa
• Viola × parca
• Viola parnonia
• Viola parvula
• Viola patrinii – stemless violet
• Viola × peckiana – Peck's violet
• Viola pectinata
• Viola pedata – birdfoot violet, crowfoot violet
• Viola pedatifida – prairie violet, prairie birdfoot violet
• Viola pedunculata – California golden violet, grass pansy, yellow pansy
• Viola pekinensis
• Viola pendulicarpa
• Viola pentadactyla
• Viola perinensis
• Viola × perplexa
• Viola perpusilla
• Viola perreniformis
• Viola petraea
• Viola phalacrocarpa
• Viola philippiana
• Viola philippica
• Viola phitosiana
• Viola pilosa
• Viola pilushanensis
• Viola pinetorum – goosefoot violet
• Viola pinnata – pinnate violet
• Viola pitouchaoensis
• Viola placida
• Viola × pluricaulis
• Viola pluviae
• Viola × poelliana
• Viola poetica
• Viola polycephala
• Viola polypoda
• Viola × polysecta
• Viola × popovae
• Viola × populifolia
• Viola × porphyrea
• Viola portalesia
• Viola × porteriana – Porter's violet
• Viola portulacea
• Viola praemorsa – canary violet
• Viola pratincola
• Viola primulifolia – primrose-leaf violet
• Viola principis
• Viola prionantha
• Viola producta
• Viola pseudaetolica
• Viola pseudograeca
• Viola × pseudomakinoi
• Viola pubescens – downy yellow violet
• Viola pubipetala
• Viola pulvinata
• Viola pumila – meadow violet
• Viola purpurea – goosefoot violet
• Viola pusilla
• Viola pusillima
• Viola pygmaea
• Viola × pynzarii
• Viola pyrenaica

Q

• Viola quercetorum

R

• Viola raddeana
• Viola rafinesquei – field pansy
• Viola ramiflora
• Viola ramosiana
• Viola rauliniana
• Viola × raunsiensis
• Viola rausii
• Viola × ravida
• Viola × redacta
• Viola regina
• Viola reichei – Reiche violet, Patagonian yellow violet, Chilean yellow violet
• Viola reichenbachiana – early dog violet, slender wood violet
• Viola renifolia – northern white violet, kidney-leaved white violet
• Viola replicata
• Viola × reschetnikovae
• Viola retusa
• Viola rheophila
• Viola rhodopeia
• Viola rhombifolia
• Viola × ritschliana
• Viola riviniana – common dog violet
• Viola × robinsoniana
• Viola roccabrunensis
• Viola rodriguezii
• Viola roigii
• Viola rosacea
• Viola rossii
• Viola rossowiana
• Viola rostrata – longspur violet
• Viola rosulata
• Viola rotundifolia – eastern roundleaf yellow violet, early yellow violet
• Viola rubella
• Viola rubromarginata
• Viola rudolfii
• Viola rudolphii
• Viola rugosa
• Viola rugulosa
• Viola × rupestriformis
• Viola rupestris – Teesdale violet, rock violet
• Viola rupicola
• Viola × ryoniae – Ryon's violet

S

• Viola saccata
• Viola sacchalinensis
• Viola sacculus
• Viola sagittata – arrowleaf violet
• Viola samothracica
• Viola sandaiojiaoensis
• Viola sandrasea
• Viola santiagonensis
• Viola × savatieri
• Viola saxifraga
• Viola × scabra
• Viola scandens
• Viola schachimardanica
• Viola schariensis – Šar mountain violet
• Viola × schauloi
• Viola scopulorum
• Viola scorpiuroides
• Viola seleriana
• Viola selkirkii – northern violet, Selkirk's violet
• Viola sempervirens – evergreen violet, redwood violet
• Viola sempervivum
• Viola × semseyana
• Viola senzanensis
• Viola septemloba – southern coastal violet
• Viola septentrionalis – northern woodland violet, northern blue violet
• Viola sequeirae
• Viola × sermenika
• Viola serpentinicola
• Viola serresiana
• Viola sfikasiana
• Viola shaoyoukengensis
• Viola sheltonii – Shelton's violet
• Viola shikokiana
• Viola shinchikuensis
• Viola shiweii
• Viola sieberiana
• Viola sieboldii
• Viola sieheana
• Viola sikkimensis
• Viola silicestris
• Viola singularis
• Viola sintenisii
• Viola sirinica
• Viola × skofitziana
• Viola skottsbergiana
• Viola × slavinii – Slavin's violet
• Viola somchetica
• Viola sororia – woolly blue violet
• Viola spathulata
• Viola speciosa
• Viola spegazzinii
• Viola sphaerocarpa
• Viola stagnina
• Viola steinbachii
• Viola stewardiana
• Viola stipularis
• Viola stocksii
• Viola stojanowii
• Viola stoloniflora
• Viola stoneana
• Viola striata – striped violet, striped cream violet, pale violet
• Viola striatella
• Viola striis-notata
• Viola stuebelii
• Viola suavis – Russian violet
• Viola subandina
• Viola subasica
• Viola subatlantica
• Viola subdimidiata
• Viola × sublanceolata
• Viola subsinuata – wavy-leaf violet
• Viola suecica
• Viola × sukaczewii
• Viola sumatrana
• Viola szetschwanensis

T

• Viola taltalensis
• Viola tanaitica
• Viola × taradakensis
• Viola tarbagataica
• Viola tashiroi
• Viola tatjanae
• Viola tectiflora
• Viola tenuipes
• Viola tenuissima
• Viola teplouchovii
• Viola teshioensis
• Viola thasia
• Viola thianschanica
• Viola thibaudieri
• Viola thomasiana
• Viola thomsonii
• Viola thymifolia
• Viola tienschiensis
• Viola × tigirekica
• Viola tineorum
• Viola tokubuchiana
• Viola tomentosa – feltleaf violet
• Viola × torslundensis
• Viola tovarii
• Viola triangulifolia
• Viola trichopetala
• Viola trichosepala
• Viola tricolor – wild pansy, heart's-ease, Johnny-jump-up
• Viola tridentata
• Viola triflabellata
• Viola trinervata – Rainier violet, sagebrush violet
• Viola tripartita – threepart violet
• Viola trochlearis
• Viola truncata
• Viola tucumanensis
• Viola turkestanica
• Viola turritella
• Viola × tuvinica
• Viola × tzvelevii

U

• Viola ucriana
• Viola × uechtritziana
• Viola uliginosa – swamp violet
• Viola umbraticola – Ponderosa violet
• Viola umphangensis
• Viola uniflora
• Viola uniquissima
• Viola unwinii
• Viola urophylla
• Viola utahensis – Utah violet
• Viola utchinensis

V

• Viola vadimii
• Viola vaginata – sheathed violet
• Viola valderia
• Viola vallenarensis
• Viola vallicola – valley violet
• Viola vanroyenii
• Viola variegata
• Viola vectoris
• Viola velutina
• Viola × venustula
• Viola × vermontana
• Viola veronicifolia
• Viola viarum – twoflower violet, plains violet, wayside violet
• Viola × viatkensis
• Viola × villaquensis
• Viola villosa – Carolina violet, hairy violet, wrinkled violet
• Viola × vilnaensis
• Viola × vindobonensis
• Viola violacea
• Viola vittata
• Viola volcanica
• Viola voliotisii
• Viola vorobievii
• Viola vourinensis
• Viola vulturis

W

• Viola wailenalenae – Alakai swamp violet
• Viola wallichiana
• Viola walteri – prostrate blue violet, prostrate southern violet
• Viola wansanensis
• Viola weberbaueri
• Viola websteri
• Viola weibelii
• Viola × wilczekiana
• Viola × wilhelmii
• Viola × wilibaldii
• Viola willkommii
• Viola woosanensis
• Viola woroschilovii
• Viola × wujekii
• Viola wulinfarmensis
• Viola wulingensis

X

• Viola xanthopotamica
• Viola xibaoensis

Y

• Viola yazawana
• Viola yezoensis
• Viola yildirimlii
• Viola yunnanensis
• Viola yunnanfuensis
• Viola × yurii
• Viola yuzufelensis

Z

• Viola × zophodes
• Viola × zwienenii

Notes and References

1. Web site: Viola L. Plants of the World Online Kew Science . 2023-09-27 . Plants of the World Online . en.
2. Book: Elias. Thomas S.. Edible Wild Plants: A North American Field Guide to Over 200 Natural Foods. Dykeman. Peter A.. Sterling. 2009. 978-1-4027-6715-9. New York. 116. 244766414. 1982.