| Location: | Washington, D.C. |
| Type: | Presidential nomination with Senate confirmation |
| Authority: | Constitution of the United States, Art. III, §1 |
| Terms: | life tenure, subject to impeachment and removal |
| Positions: | 9 (by statute) |
This is a list of cases reported in volume 165 of United States Reports, decided by the Supreme Court of the United States in 1897.
See also: List of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States.
See also: List of United States Supreme Court justices by time in office.
See also: List of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States by court composition.
The Supreme Court is established by Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of the United States, which says: "The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court . . .". The size of the Court is not specified; the Constitution leaves it to Congress to set the number of justices. Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 Congress originally fixed the number of justices at six (one chief justice and five associate justices).[1] Since 1789 Congress has varied the size of the Court from six to seven, nine, ten, and back to nine justices (always including one chief justice).
When the cases in volume 165 were decided the Court comprised the following nine members:
| Portrait | Justice | Office | Home State | Succeeded | Date confirmed by the Senate (Vote) | Tenure on Supreme Court |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Melville Fuller | Chief Justice | Illinois | Morrison Waite | (41–20) | – July 4, 1910 (Died) | |
| Stephen Johnson Field | Associate Justice | California | newly-created seat | (Acclamation) | – December 1, 1897 (Retired) | |
| John Marshall Harlan | Associate Justice | Kentucky | David Davis | (Acclamation) | – October 14, 1911 (Died) | |
| Horace Gray | Associate Justice | Massachusetts | Nathan Clifford | (51–5) | – September 15, 1902 (Died) | |
| David Josiah Brewer | Associate Justice | Kansas | Stanley Matthews | (53–11) | – March 28, 1910 (Died) | |
| Henry Billings Brown | Associate Justice | Michigan | Samuel Freeman Miller | (Acclamation) | – May 28, 1906 (Retired) | |
| George Shiras Jr. | Associate Justice | Pennsylvania | Joseph P. Bradley | (Acclamation) | – February 23, 1903 (Retired) | |
| Edward Douglass White | Associate Justice | Louisiana | Samuel Blatchford | (Acclamation) | – December 18, 1910 (Continued as chief justice) | |
| Rufus W. Peckham | Associate Justice | New York | Howell Edmunds Jackson | (Acclamation) | – October 24, 1909 (Died) | |
Allgeyer v. Louisiana, 165 U.S. 578 (1897), was a landmark decision in which the Supreme Court struck down a Louisiana statute for violating an individual's liberty of contract. It was the first case in which the Court interpreted the word liberty in the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to mean "economic liberty". The decision was the beginning of the Lochner era[2] during which the Supreme Court struck many state regulations for infringing on an individual's right to contract. The Lochner era lasted 40 years and ended with West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish in 1937.
See also: United States district court.
See also: United States circuit court.
See also: United States court of appeals.
See also: United States federal courts. Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 the federal court structure at the time comprised District Courts, which had general trial jurisdiction; Circuit Courts, which had mixed trial and appellate (from the US District Courts) jurisdiction; and the United States Supreme Court, which had appellate jurisdiction over the federal District and Circuit courts—and for certain issues over state courts. The Supreme Court also had limited original jurisdiction (i.e., in which cases could be filed directly with the Supreme Court without first having been heard by a lower federal or state court). There were one or more federal District Courts and/or Circuit Courts in each state, territory, or other geographical region.
The Judiciary Act of 1891 created the United States Courts of Appeals and reassigned the jurisdiction of most routine appeals from the district and circuit courts to these appellate courts. The Act created nine new courts that were originally known as the "United States Circuit Courts of Appeals." The new courts had jurisdiction over most appeals of lower court decisions. The Supreme Court could review either legal issues that a court of appeals certified or decisions of court of appeals by writ of certiorari.
Bluebook citation style is used for case names, citations, and jurisdictions.
See also: Fuller Court.
| Case Name | Page and year | Opinion of the Court | Concurring opinion(s) | Dissenting opinion(s) | Lower Court | Disposition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| St. Louis–San Francisco Railway Company v. Mathews | 1 (1897) | Gray | none | none | Mo. | affirmed |
| Missouri Pacific Railroad Company v. Simmons | 27 (1897) | Gray | none | none | Mo. | affirmed |
| Warner Valley Stock Company v. Smith | 28 (1897) | Gray | none | none | D.C. Cir. | reversed |
| Agnew v. United States | 36 (1897) | Fuller | none | none | C.C.S.D. Fla. | affirmed |
| Scott v. Donald I | 58 (1897) | Shiras | none | Brown | C.C.D.S.C. | affirmed |
| Scott v. Donald II | 107 (1897) | Shiras | none | none | C.C.D.S.C. | affirmed |
| Missouri v. Iowa | 118 (1897) | Fuller | none | none | original | boundary set |
| Hussman v. Durham | 144 (1897) | Brewer | none | none | Iowa | affirmed |
| Gulf, Colorado and Santa Fe Railway Company v. Ellis | 150 (1897) | Brewer | none | Gray | Tex. | reversed |
| Clarke v. McDade | 168 (1897) | Peckham | none | none | Cal. Super. Ct. | dismissed |
| United States v. Barnette | 174 (1897) | Gray | none | none | Ct. Cl. | affirmed |
| Jones v. Brim | 180 (1897) | White | none | none | Sup. Ct. Terr. Utah | affirmed |
| Addington v. United States | 184 (1897) | Harlan | none | none | C.C.E.D. Tex. | affirmed |
| Egan v. Hart | 188 (1897) | White | none | none | La. | dismissed |
| Adams Express Company v. Ohio | 194 (1897) | Fuller | none | White | 6th Cir. | affirmed |
| American Express Company v. Indiana | 255 (1897) | Fuller | none | White | Ind. Cir. Ct. | affirmed |
| Rosecrans v. United States | 257 (1897) | Brewer | none | none | C.C.D. Mont. | affirmed |
| The Valencia | 264 (1897) | Harlan | none | none | 2d Cir. | certification |
| Pim v. City of St. Louis | 273 (1897) | Harlan | none | none | Mo. | dismissed |
| Robertson v. Baldwin | 275 (1897) | Brown | none | Harlan | C.C.N.D. Cal. | affirmed |
| Western Union Telegraph Company v. Indiana | 304 (1897) | Fuller | none | none | Ind. | affirmed |
| Price v. United States | 311 (1897) | Peckham | none | none | C.C.N.D. Cal. | affirmed |
| United States v. Gorham | 316 (1897) | Peckham | none | none | Ct. Cl. | affirmed |
| Graves v. United States | 323 (1897) | Peckham | none | none | C.C.N.D. Iowa | reversed |
| District of Columbia v. Johnson | 330 (1897) | Peckham | none | none | Ct. Cl. | reversed |
| District of Columbia v. Hall | 340 (1897) | Peckham | none | none | D.C. Cir. | reversed |
| District of Columbia v. Dickson | 341 (1897) | Peckham | none | none | Ct. Cl. | reversed |
| Hopkins v. Grimshaw | 342 (1897) | Gray | none | none | Sup. Ct. D.C. | reversed |
| Robinson v. Caldwell | 359 (1897) | Harlan | none | none | C.C.D. Idaho | dismissed |
| Oakes v. Mase | 363 (1897) | White | none | none | 8th Cir. | reversed |
| Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway Company v. Ohio | 365 (1897) | White | none | none | Ohio | affirmed |
| Burlington Gaslight Company v. Burlington, Cedar Rapids and Northern Railway Company | 370 (1897) | Brewer | none | none | Iowa | affirmed |
| Davis v. United States | 373 (1897) | Brewer | none | none | C.C.W.D. Ark. | affirmed |
| Germania Iron Company v. United States | 379 (1897) | Brewer | none | none | 8th Cir. | affirmed |
| Deweese v. Reinhard | 386 (1897) | Brewer | none | none | 8th Cir. | affirmed |
| Glover v. Patten | 394 (1897) | Brown | none | none | D.C. Cir. | affirmed |
| Atlantic and Pacific Railroad Company v. Mingus | 413 (1897) | Brown | none | none | Sup. Ct. Terr. N.M. | affirmed |
| In re Chetwood | 443 (1897) | Fuller | none | none | C.C.N.D. Cal. | certiorari granted |
| United States v. Winona and St. Peter Railroad Company | 463 (1897) | Brewer | none | none | 8th Cir. | affirmed |
| United States v. Union Pacific Railroad Company | 482 (1897) | Brewer | none | none | 8th Cir. | affirmed |
| Winona and St. Peter Railroad Company v. United States | 483 (1897) | Brewer | none | none | 8th Cir. | affirmed |
| Dunlop v. United States | 486 (1897) | Brown | none | none | C.C.N.D. Ill. | affirmed |
| United States v. McMillan | 504 (1897) | Gray | none | none | Sup. Ct. Terr. Utah | reversed |
| Smith v. Vulcan Iron Works | 518 (1897) | Gray | none | none | 9th Cir. | dismissed |
| In re Kollock | 526 (1897) | Fuller | none | none | D.C. Cir. | habeas corpus denied |
| McCormick v. Market National Bank | 538 (1897) | Gray | none | none | Ill. | affirmed |
| Swaim v. United States | 553 (1897) | Shiras | none | none | Ct. Cl. | affirmed |
| De Vaughn v. Hutchinson | 566 (1897) | Shiras | none | none | D.C. Cir. | affirmed |
| Allgeyer v. Louisiana | 578 (1897) | Peckham | none | none | La. | reversed |
| Walker v. New Mexico and Southern Pacific Railroad Company | 593 (1897) | Brewer | none | none | Sup. Ct. Terr. N.M. | affirmed |
| Pauly v. State Loan and Trust Company | 606 (1897) | Harlan | none | none | 9th Cir. | affirmed |
| Wade v. Lawder | 624 (1897) | Fuller | none | none | Mo. | dismissed |
| New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad Company v. New York | 628 (1897) | Harlan | none | none | N.Y. Sup. Ct. | affirmed |
| Fourth St. National Bank v. Yardley | 634 (1897) | White | none | none | 3d Cir. | certification |
| Walker v. Brown | 654 (1897) | White | none | none | 8th Cir. | reversed |
| United States v. City of Santa Fe | 675 (1897) | White | none | none | Ct. Priv. Land Cl. | reversed |