Texas was admitted to the United States on December 29, 1845, and elects its U.S. senators to class 1 and class 2. The state's current senators are Republicans John Cornyn (serving since 2002) and Ted Cruz (serving since 2013). A total of 27 Democrats, 7 Republicans, and 1 Liberal Republican have served or are serving as U.S. senators from Texas. Morris Sheppard was Texas's longest-serving senator (1913–1941).
|- style="height:2em"| colspan=3 | Vacant| nowrap | Dec 29, 1845 –
Feb 21, 1846| Texas did not elect its senators until two months after statehood.| rowspan=4 | 1| | rowspan=2 | 1| Texas did not elect its senators until two months after statehood.| nowrap | Dec 29, 1845 –
Feb 21, 1846| colspan=3 | Vacant
|-! rowspan=7 | 1| rowspan=7 align=left |
Thomas Jefferson Rusk| rowspan=7 | Democratic| rowspan=7 nowrap | Feb 21, 1846 –
Jul 29, 1857| rowspan=3 | Elected in 1846.| Elected in 1846.| rowspan=11 nowrap | Feb 21, 1846 –
Mar 3, 1859| rowspan=11 |Democratic| rowspan=11 align=right |
Sam Houston! rowspan=11 | 1
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3 | 2| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1847.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1851.| rowspan=3 | 2|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=7 | 3| rowspan=7 | Re-elected in 1853.Retired.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| Re-elected in 1857.Died.| rowspan=10 | 3|
|- style="height:2em"| colspan=3 | Vacant| nowrap | Jul 29, 1857 –
Nov 9, 1857|
|- style="height:2em"! 2| align=left |
J. Pinckney Henderson| | Democratic| nowrap | Nov 9, 1857 –
Jun 4, 1858| Appointed to finish Rusk's term.Died.
|- style="height:2em"| colspan=3 | Vacant| nowrap | Jun 4, 1858 –
Sep 27, 1858|
|- style="height:2em"! rowspan=2 | 3| rowspan=2 align=left |
Matthias Ward| rowspan=2 | Democratic| rowspan=2 nowrap | Sep 27, 1858 –
Dec 5, 1859| rowspan=2 | Appointed to continue Rusk's term.Lost nomination to finish Rusk's term.
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=6 | 4| rowspan=4 | Elected in 1859.Expelled following Texas's secession from the Union.| rowspan=4 nowrap | Mar 4, 1859 –
Jul 11, 1861| rowspan=4 |Democratic| rowspan=4 align=right |
John Hemphill! rowspan=4 | 2
|- style="height:2em"! rowspan=2 | 4| rowspan=2 align=left |
Louis Wigfall| rowspan=2 | Democratic| rowspan=2 nowrap | Dec 5, 1859 –
Mar 23, 1861| rowspan=2 | Elected to finish Rusk's term.Withdrew.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=6 colspan=3 | Vacant| rowspan=6 nowrap | Mar 23, 1861 –
Mar 30, 1870| rowspan=6 | Civil War and reconstruction.
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=6 | Civil War and reconstruction.| rowspan=6 nowrap | Jul 11, 1861 –
Mar 31, 1870| rowspan=6 colspan=3 | Vacant
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=3 | 4|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=5 | 5
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=5 | 5|
|- style="height:2em"! rowspan=4 | 5| rowspan=4 align=left |
J. W. Flanagan| rowspan=4 | Republican| rowspan=4 nowrap | Mar 30, 1870 –
Mar 3, 1875| rowspan=4 | Elected upon readmission.
|- style="height:2em"| Elected upon readmission.| rowspan=4 nowrap | Mar 31, 1870 –
Mar 3, 1877| rowspan=2 |Republican| rowspan=4 align=right |
Morgan C. Hamilton! rowspan=4 | 3
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3 | 6| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1871.Retired.
|- style="height:2em"| | | Liberal Republican
|- style="height:2em"! rowspan=6 | 6| rowspan=6 align=left |
Samuel B. Maxey| rowspan=6 | Democratic| rowspan=6 nowrap | Mar 4, 1875 –
Mar 3, 1887| rowspan=3 | Elected in 1875.| rowspan=3 | 6| | | Republican
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3 | 7| rowspan=3 | Elected in 1876.| rowspan=11 nowrap | Mar 4, 1877 –
Mar 3, 1895| rowspan=11 |Democratic| rowspan=11 align=right |
Richard Coke! rowspan=11 | 4
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1881.Lost re-election.| rowspan=3 | 7|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3 | 8| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1882.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"! rowspan=3 | 7| rowspan=3 align=left |
John H. Reagan| rowspan=3 | Democratic| rowspan=3 nowrap | Mar 4, 1887 –
Jun 10, 1891| rowspan=3 | Elected in 1887.Resigned to become chairman of the Railroad Commission of Texas.| rowspan=5 | 8|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=5 | 9| rowspan=5 | Re-elected in 1888.Retired.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"! 8| align=left |
Horace Chilton| | Democratic| nowrap | Jun 10, 1891 –
Mar 22, 1892| Appointed to continue Reagan's term.Lost election to finish Reagan's term.
|- style="height:2em"! rowspan=4 | 9| rowspan=4 align=left |
Roger Q. Mills| rowspan=4 | Democratic| rowspan=4 nowrap | Mar 30, 1892 –
Mar 3, 1899| Elected to finish Reagan's term.
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1893.Retired.| rowspan=3 | 9|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3 | 10| rowspan=3 | Elected in 1894.Retired.| rowspan=3 nowrap | Mar 4, 1895 –
Mar 3, 1901| rowspan=3 |Democratic| rowspan=3 align=right |
Horace Chilton! rowspan=3 | 5
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"! rowspan=15 | 10| rowspan=15 align=left |
Charles A. Culberson| rowspan=15 | Democratic| rowspan=15 nowrap | Mar 4, 1899 –
Mar 3, 1923| rowspan=3 | Elected in 1899.| rowspan=3 | 10|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3 | 11| rowspan=3 | Elected in 1901.| rowspan=6 nowrap | Mar 4, 1901 –
Jan 3, 1913| rowspan=6 |Democratic| rowspan=6 align=right |
Joseph W. Bailey! rowspan=6 | 6
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1905.[1] | rowspan=3 | 11|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=6 | 12| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1907.Resigned.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=6 | Re-elected in 1911.| rowspan=6 | 12|
|- style="height:2em"| Appointed to continue Bailey's term.Lost election to finish Bailey's term.Retired.| nowrap | Jan 4, 1913 –
Jan 29, 1913| |Democratic| align=right |
Rienzi Melville Johnston! 7
|- style="height:2em"| | nowrap | Jan 29, 1913 –
Feb 3, 1913| colspan=3 | Vacant
|- style="height:2em"| Elected in 1913 to finish Bailey's term.| rowspan=16 nowrap | Feb 3, 1913 –
Apr 9, 1941| rowspan=16 |Democratic| rowspan=16 align=right |
Morris Sheppard! rowspan=16 | 8
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3 | 13| rowspan=3 | Elected in 1913 to the full term.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1916.Lost re-election.| rowspan=3 | 13|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3 | 14| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1918.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"! rowspan=3 | 11| rowspan=3 align=left |
Earle B. Mayfield| rowspan=3 | Democratic| rowspan=3 nowrap | Mar 4, 1923 –
Mar 3, 1929| rowspan=3 | Elected in 1922.Lost renomination.| rowspan=3 | 14|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3 | 15| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1924.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"! rowspan=16 | 12| rowspan=16 align=left |
Tom Connally| rowspan=16 | Democratic| rowspan=16 nowrap | Mar 4, 1929 –
Jan 3, 1953| rowspan=3 | Elected in 1928.| rowspan=3 | 15|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3 | 16| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1930.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1934.| rowspan=3 | 16|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=7 | 17| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1936.Died.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=7 | Re-elected in 1940.| rowspan=7 | 17|
|- style="height:2em"| | nowrap | Apr 9, 1941 –
Apr 21, 1941| colspan=3 | Vacant
|- style="height:2em"| Appointed to continue Sheppard's term.Died.| nowrap | Apr 21, 1941 –
Jun 26, 1941| |Democratic| align=right |
Andrew J. Houston! 9
|- style="height:2em"| | nowrap | Jun 26, 1941 –
Aug 4, 1941| colspan=3 | Vacant
|- style="height:2em"| Elected to finish Sheppard's term.| rowspan=4 nowrap | Aug 4, 1941 –
Jan 3, 1949| rowspan=4 |Democratic| rowspan=4 align=right |
W. Lee O'Daniel! rowspan=4 | 10
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3 | 18| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1942.Retired.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1946.Retired.| rowspan=3 | 18|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3 | 19| rowspan=3 | Elected in 1948.| rowspan=8 nowrap | Jan 3, 1949 –
Jan 3, 1961| rowspan=8 |Democratic| rowspan=8 align=right |
Lyndon B. Johnson! rowspan=8 | 11
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"! rowspan=3 | 13| rowspan=3 align=left |
Price Daniel| rowspan=3 | Democratic| rowspan=3 nowrap | Jan 3, 1953 –
Jan 14, 1957| rowspan=3 | Elected in 1952.Resigned to become Governor of Texas.| rowspan=5 | 19|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=5 | 20| rowspan=5 | Re-elected in 1954.Re-elected in 1960, but resigned to become U.S. Vice President.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"! 14| align=left |
Bill Blakley| | Democratic| nowrap | Jan 15, 1957 –
Apr 28, 1957| Appointed to continue Daniel's term.Retired when his successor was elected.
|- style="height:2em"! rowspan=8 | 15| rowspan=8 align=left |
Ralph Yarborough| rowspan=8 | Democratic| rowspan=8 nowrap | Apr 29, 1957 –
Jan 3, 1971| Elected to finish Daniel's term.
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=4 | Re-elected in 1958.| rowspan=4 | 20|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=4 | 21| Appointed to begin Johnson's term.Lost election to finish Johnson's term.| nowrap | Jan 3, 1961 –
Jun 14, 1961| |Democratic| align=right |
Bill Blakley! 12
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=3 | Elected May 27, 1961 to finish Johnson's term.| rowspan=12 nowrap | Jun 15, 1961 –
Jan 3, 1985| rowspan=12 |Republican| rowspan=12 align=right |
John Tower! rowspan=12 | 13
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1964.Lost renomination.| rowspan=3 | 21|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3 | 22| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1966.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"! rowspan=12 | 16| rowspan=12 align=left |
Lloyd Bentsen| rowspan=12 | Democratic| rowspan=12 nowrap | Jan 3, 1971 –
Jan 20, 1993| rowspan=3 | Elected in 1970.| rowspan=3 | 22|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3 | 23| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1972.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1976.| rowspan=3 | 23|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3 | 24| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1978.Retired.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1982.| rowspan=3 | 24|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3 | 25| rowspan=3 | Elected in 1984.| rowspan=12 nowrap | Jan 3, 1985 –
Nov 30, 2002| rowspan=12 |Republican| rowspan=12 align=right |
Phil Gramm! rowspan=12 | 14
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1988.Resigned to become U.S. Secretary of the Treasury.| rowspan=6 | 25|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=6 | 26| rowspan=6 | Re-elected in 1990.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| colspan=3 | Vacant| nowrap | Jan 20, 1993 –
Jan 21, 1993|
|- style="height:2em"! 17| align=left |
Bob Krueger| | Democratic| nowrap | Jan 21, 1993 –
Jun 14, 1993| Appointed to continue Bentsen's term.Lost election to finish Bentsen's term.
|- style="height:2em"! rowspan=12 | 18| rowspan=12 align=left |
Kay Bailey Hutchison| rowspan=12 | Republican| rowspan=12 nowrap | Jun 14, 1993 –
Jan 3, 2013| Elected in 1993 to finish Bentsen's term.
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1994.| rowspan=3 | 26|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=5 | 27| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1996.Retired, and resigned early to give successor preferential seniority.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=5 | Re-elected in 2000.| rowspan=5 | 27|
|- style="height:2em"| | nowrap | Nov 30, 2002 –
Dec 2, 2002| colspan=3 | Vacant
|- style="height:2em"| Appointed to finish Gramm's term, having been elected to the next term.| rowspan=13 nowrap | Dec 2, 2002 –
present| rowspan=13 |Republican| rowspan=13 align=right |
John Cornyn! rowspan=13 | 15
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3 | 28| rowspan=3 | Elected in 2002.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 2006.Retired.| rowspan=3 | 28|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3 | 29| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 2008.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"! rowspan=6 | 19| rowspan=6 align=left |
Ted Cruz| rowspan=6 | Republican| rowspan=6 nowrap | Jan 3, 2013 –
present| rowspan=3 | Elected in 2012.| rowspan=3 | 29|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3 | 30| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 2014.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 2018.| rowspan=3 | 30|
|- style="height:2em"| | rowspan=3| 31| rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 2020.
|- style="height:2em"|
|- style="height:2em"| rowspan=2 colspan=5 | To be determined in the 2024 election.| rowspan=2 |31|
|- style="height:2em"| | 32| colspan=5 | To be determined in the 2026 election.