List of United States Army lieutenant generals from 2000 to 2009 explained

The rank of lieutenant general (or three-star general) is the second-highest rank normally achievable in the United States Army, and the first to have a specified number of appointments set by statute. It ranks above major general (two-star general) and below general (four-star general).

There have been 131 lieutenant generals in the U.S. Army from 2000 to 2009, 27 of whom were promoted to four-star general. All 131 achieved that rank while on active duty in the U.S. Army. Lieutenant generals entered the Army via several paths: 57 were commissioned via the U.S. Military Academy (USMA), 53 via Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) at a civilian university, 13 via Officer Candidate School (OCS), seven via ROTC at a senior military college, and one via direct commission (direct).

List of generals

Entries in the following list of lieutenant generals are indexed by the numerical order in which each officer was promoted to that rank while on active duty, or by an asterisk (*) if the officer did not serve in that rank while on active duty in the U.S. Army or was promoted to four-star rank while on active duty in the U.S. Army. Each entry lists the general's name, date of rank, active-duty positions held while serving at three-star rank, number of years of active-duty service at three-star rank (Yrs), year commissioned and source of commission, number of years in commission when promoted to three-star rank (YC), and other biographical notes.

# ! scope="col" style="width: 9em;"
NamePhotoPositionYrsCommissionYCNotes
1data-sort-value="maude" Timothy J. Maude   11967 (OCS) 33 (1947–2001) Killed in action. Highest-ranking officer killed in the September 11 attacks.[2]
2data-sort-value="cuviello" Peter M. Cuviello   31969 (ROTC) 31
3data-sort-value="mikolashek" Paul T. Mikolashek 41969 (ROTC) 31 (1947–)
4data-sort-value="noonan" Robert W. Noonan Jr.
  • Deputy Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Army Staff (DCS G-2), 2000–2003.
31968 (ROTC) 32
data-sort-value="mcneill" 41968 (ROTC) 32 (1946–) Promoted to general, 1 Jul 2004.
5data-sort-value="mcfarren" Freddy E. McFarren12 Aug 2000   31966 (USMA) 34 (1943–)
6data-sort-value="peake" James B. Peake7 Sep 2000   41966 (USMA) 34 (1944–) U.S. Secretary of Veterans Affairs, 2007–2009.[3]
7data-sort-value="zanini" Daniel R. Zanini28 Sep 2000   21966 (OCS) 34 (1946–)
data-sort-value="abizaid" John P. Abizaid 31973 (USMA) 27 (1951–) Promoted to general, 27 Jun 2003. U.S. Ambassador to Saudi Arabia, 2019–2021.[5] Father of National Counterterrorism Center director Christine Abizaid.
8data-sort-value="mahan" Charles S. Mahan Jr.
  • Deputy Chief of Staff, Logistics, Army Staff (DCS G-4), 2000–2003.
31968 (USMA) 32 (1946–)
data-sort-value="brownbryan" Bryan D. Brown 31970 (OCS) 30 (1948–) Promoted to general, 25 Aug 2003.
9data-sort-value="flowers" Robert B. Flowers23 Oct 2000   41969 (VMI) 31 (1947–)
10data-sort-value="kellogg" Joseph K. Kellogg Jr.24 Oct 2000  
  • Director, Command, Control, Communications and Computers/Cyber, Joint Staff, J6, 2000–2003.
31967 (ROTC) 33 (1944–) National Security Advisor to the U.S. Vice President, 2018–2021.[6]
11data-sort-value="cosumano" Joseph M. Cosumano Jr.30 Apr 2001   21968 (ROTC) 33 (1946–)
12data-sort-value="beauchamp" Roy E. Beauchamp24 May 2001   11966 (OCS) 35 (1945–)
13data-sort-value="schultz" Roger C. Schultz24 May 2001   41967 (OCS) 34 (1945–) First Army National Guard director to achieve the rank of lieutenant general.
14data-sort-value="lennox" William J. Lennox Jr. 51971 (USMA) 30 (1949–) President, Saint Leo University, 2015–2018.[7]
15data-sort-value="plewes" Thomas J. Plewes13 Jun 2001   11967 (OCS) 34 (1940–) First Army Reserve officer to achieve the rank of lieutenant general.
data-sort-value="griffin" Benjamin S. Griffin29 Jun 2001   31970 (OCS) 31 (1946–) Promoted to general, 5 Nov 2004.
data-sort-value="wallace" William S. Wallace18 Jul 2001   41969 (USMA) 32 (1946–) Promoted to general, 13 Oct 2005.
data-sort-value="bell" Burwell B. Bell III 11969 (ROTC) 32 (1947–) Promoted to general, 3 Dec 2002.
16data-sort-value="sylvester" John B. Sylvester 31968 (OCS) 33 (1946–)
17data-sort-value="broadwater" Colby M. Broadwater III26 Sep 2001   51972 (Citadel) 29 (1950–) President, American College of the Building Arts, 2008–present.[8]
18data-sort-value="lemoyne" John M. LeMoyne   21968 (ROTC) 33 (1943–)
19data-sort-value="inge" Joseph R. Inge16 Oct 2001   61969 (Virginia Tech) 32 (1947–2023)
20data-sort-value="caldwelljohn" John S. Caldwell Jr.29 Oct 2001   21967 (USMA) 34 (1944–)
data-sort-value="casey" George W. Casey Jr. 21970 (ROTC) 31 Promoted to general, 1 Dec 2003.
data-sort-value="mckiernan" David D. McKiernan 41972 (ROTC) 29 (1950–) Promoted to general, 14 Dec 2005.
21data-sort-value="cavin" Dennis D. Cavin 21970 (ROTC) 32 (1947–)
22data-sort-value="helmly" James R. Helmly29 May 2002   41967 (OCS) 35 (1947–)
data-sort-value="cody" Richard A. Cody31 Jul 2002   21972 (USMA) 30 (1950–) Promoted to general, 24 Jun 2004.
23data-sort-value="soriano" Edward Soriano12 Aug 2002   21970 (ROTC) 32 (1946–) First Filipino-American promoted to general officer rank.
data-sort-value="craddock" Bantz J. Craddock 31971 (ROTC) 31 (1949–) Promoted to general, 1 Jan 2005.
24data-sort-value="kensinger" Philip R. Kensinger Jr.29 Aug 2002   31970 (USMA) 32 (1949–)
data-sort-value="ward" William E. Ward 41971 (ROTC) 31 (1949–) Promoted to general, 3 May 2006.
25data-sort-value="hack" Richard A. Hack 31972 (VMI) 30 (1950–)
26data-sort-value="campbelljames" James L. Campbell4 Nov 2002   61971 (ROTC) 31 (1949–)
data-sort-value="campbellcharles" Charles C. Campbell5 Nov 2002   51970 (ROTC) 32 (1948–2016) Promoted to general, 9 Jan 2007.
27data-sort-value="wagner" Robert W. Wagner   51970 (USMA) 33
28data-sort-value="metz" Thomas F. Metz   61971 (USMA) 32 (1948–)
data-sort-value="sharp" Walter L. Sharp 51974 (USMA) 29 (1952–) Promoted to general, 2 Jun 2008.
29data-sort-value="blum" H. Steven Blum13 Apr 2003   61971 (OCS) 32 (1946–)
30data-sort-value="sinn" Jerry L. Sinn23 May 2003   31969 (USMA) 34
31data-sort-value="jones" Anthony R. Jones 21970 (ROTC) 33 (1948–)
32data-sort-value="sanchez" Ricardo S. Sanchez14 Jun 2003   31973 (ROTC) 30 (1953–)
33data-sort-value="lovelace" James J. Lovelace Jr.22 Jun 2003   61970 (USMA) 33 (1948–2024)
34data-sort-value="boykin" William G. Boykin27 Jun 2003  
  • Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence, 2003–2007.
41971 (Virginia Tech) 32 (1948–)
35data-sort-value="christianson" Claude V. ChristiansonJul 2003  
  • Deputy Chief of Staff, Logistics, Army Staff (DCS G-4), 2003–2005.
  • Director, Logistics, Joint Staff, J4, 2005–2008.
51971 (ROTC) 32
data-sort-value="alexander" Keith B. Alexander 71974 (USMA) 29 (1952–) Promoted to general, 21 May 2010. Commander, U.S. Cyber Command, 2010–2014.
36data-sort-value="vines" John R. Vines 31971 (ROTC) 32 (1949–)
37data-sort-value="boutelle" Steven W. Boutelle27 Aug 2003   41970 (OCS) 33
38data-sort-value="hagenbeck" 8 Nov 2003   71971 (USMA) 32 (1949–)
39data-sort-value="barno" David W. Barno18 Nov 2003   31976 (USMA) 27 (1954–) Director, Near East South Asia Center for Strategic Studies, 2006–2010.[10]
40data-sort-value="yakovac" Joseph L. Yakovac Jr.18 Nov 2003   31971 (USMA) 32 (1949–)
41data-sort-value="clark" Robert T. Clark5 Dec 2003   31970 (ROTC) 33 (1948–)
42data-sort-value="curran" John M. Curran 41974 (ROTC) 29
43data-sort-value="dodgen" Larry J. Dodgen16 Dec 2003   31972 (ROTC) 31 (1949–2010)
data-sort-value="petraeus" David H. Petraeus 31974 (USMA) 30 (1952–) Promoted to general, 10 Feb 2007. Director, Central Intelligence Agency, 2011–2012. Son-in-law of Army four-star general William A. Knowlton.
44data-sort-value="strock" Carl A. Strock1 Jul 2004   31972 (OCS) 32 (1948–)
45data-sort-value="honoré" Russel L. Honoré15 Jul 2004   41971 (ROTC) 33 (1947–)
46data-sort-value="brownjohn" John M. Brown III25 Aug 2004   41971 (OCS) 33 (–)
47data-sort-value="dail" Robert T. Dail30 Sep 2004   41975 (ROTC) 29 (1953–)
48data-sort-value="melcher" David F. Melcher30 Sep 2004   41976 (USMA) 32 (1954–)
49data-sort-value="kiley" Kevin C. Kiley30 Sep 2004   31976 (ROTC) 28 (1950–)
50data-sort-value="whitcomb" R. Steven Whitcomb13 Oct 2004   51970 (ROTC) 34 (1948–)
51data-sort-value="dubik" James M. Dubik3 Nov 2004   41971 (ROTC) 33 (1949–)
52data-sort-value="antwerp" Robert L. Van Antwerp Jr. 71972 (USMA) 32 (1950–)
data-sort-value="odierno" Raymond T. Odierno 31976 (USMA) 29 (1954–2021) Promoted to general, 16 Sep 2008.
53data-sort-value="green" Stanley E. Green17 Mar 2005   31971 (OCS)[12] 34 (1947–)
54data-sort-value="dailey" Dell L. Dailey28 Apr 2005   21971 (USMA) 34 (1949–) U.S. Coordinator for Counterterrorism, 2007–2009.
55data-sort-value="eikenberry" Karl W. Eikenberry4 May 2005   41973 (USMA) 32 (1951–) U.S. Ambassador to Afghanistan, 2009–2011.[13]
56data-sort-value="vaughn" Clyde A. Vaughn15 Jun 2005   41974 (OCS) 31 (1946–)
57data-sort-value="burgess" Ronald L. Burgess Jr.Aug 2005   71974 (ROTC) 31 (1952–) Chief Operating Officer, Auburn University, 2018–2019; Executive Vice President, Auburn University, 2019–present.
58data-sort-value="mortensen" William E. Mortensen 31973 (ROTC) 32 (–)
data-sort-value="dempsey" Martin E. Dempsey 31974 (USMA) 31 (1952–) Promoted to general, 8 Dec 2008.
data-sort-value="dunwoody" Ann E. Dunwoody30 Sep 2005  
  • Deputy Chief of Staff, Logistics, Army Staff (DCS G-4), 2005–2008.
  • Deputy Commanding General/Chief of Staff, U.S. Army Materiel Command (DCG/COFS AMC), 2008.
31975 (direct) 30 (1953–) Promoted to general, 14 Nov 2008.
59data-sort-value="kimmons" John F. Kimmons21 Oct 2005  
  • Deputy Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Army Staff (DCS G-2), 2005–2009.
  • Director, Intelligence Staff (DIS), 2009–2010.
51974 (Citadel) 31 (–)
60data-sort-value="wood" John R. Wood18 Nov 2005   31972 (USMA) 33
61data-sort-value="dayton" Keith W. Dayton18 Nov 2005   51970 (ROTC) 35 (1949–) Director, George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies, 2011–2021.[14]
62data-sort-value="maples" Michael D. Maples29 Nov 2005   41971 (USMA) 34 (1949–)
data-sort-value="chiarelli" Peter W. Chiarelli19 Jan 2006   21972 (ROTC) 34 (1950–) Promoted to general, 4 Aug 2008.
data-sort-value="mcchrystal" Stanley A. McChrystal 31976 (USMA) 30 (1954–) Promoted to general, 15 Jun 2009.
63data-sort-value="speer" Gary D. Speer3 Apr 2006[15] 31972 (USMA) 34
64data-sort-value="valcourt" David P. Valcourt 41973 (USMA) 33 (1951–)
65data-sort-value="stultz" Jack C. Stultz Jr.25 May 2006   61974 (ROTC) 32 (1952–)
66data-sort-value="rochelle" Michael D. RochelleJun 2006   31972 (ROTC) 34 (1950–)
67data-sort-value="wilson" Robert Wilson23 Jun 2006  
  • Assistant Chief of Staff, Installation Management, Army Staff (ACSIM), 2006.
  • Assistant Chief of Staff, Installation Management, Army Staff/Commanding General, U.S. Army Installation Management Command (ACSIM/CG IMCOM), 2006–2009.
31972 (ROTC) 34
68data-sort-value="lute" Douglas E. Lute21 Jul 2006   41975 (USMA) 31 (1952–) U.S. Permanent Representative to NATO, 2013–2017.[16] Husband of U.S. Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security Jane Holl Lute.
69data-sort-value="thompson" N. Ross Thompson III1 Sep 2006   41974 (ROTC) 32 Son of Army lieutenant general N. Ross Thompson Jr.
70data-sort-value="turner" Thomas R. Turner II4 Dec 2006   31974 (USMA) 32 (1955–)
data-sort-value="austin" Lloyd J. Austin III 41975 (USMA) 31 Promoted to general, 1 Sep 2010. U.S. Secretary of Defense, 2021–present.
71data-sort-value="speakes" Stephen M. Speakes9 Dec 2006   31974 (USMA) 32 (1952–)
72data-sort-value="peterson" Joseph F. Peterson11 Dec 2006   41972 (ROTC) 34 (–) First Hawaiian-American to attain the rank of lieutenant general in the Army.
73data-sort-value="campbellkevin" Kevin T. Campbell18 Dec 2006   41973 (ROTC) 33 (1950–)
data-sort-value="thurman" James D. Thurman 31975 (ROTC) 32 (1953–) Promoted to general, 3 Jun 2010.
74data-sort-value="freakley" 18 May 2007   51975 (USMA) 32 (1953–)
75data-sort-value="webster" William G. Webster Jr.29 May 2007   41974 (USMA) 33 (1951–)
data-sort-value="jacoby" Charles H. Jacoby Jr. 41978 (USMA) 29 (1954–) Promoted to general, 3 Aug 2011.
76data-sort-value="caldwellwilliam" William B. Caldwell IV11 Jun 2007   61976 (USMA) 31 (1954–) President, Georgia Military College, 2013–present.[18] Son of Army lieutenant general William B. Caldwell III.
77data-sort-value="zahner" Richard P. Zahner28 Jun 2007  
  • Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Intelligence and Warfighting Support) (DUSD(I&WS)), 2007–2009.
  • Deputy Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Army Staff (DCS G-2), 2009–2012.
51976 (ROTC) 31
78data-sort-value="kearney" Francis H. Kearney III28 Jun 2007   41976 (USMA) 31 (1954–)
79data-sort-value="fridovich" David P. Fridovich 41974 (ROTC) 33
80data-sort-value="gardner" John D. Gardner11 Jul 2007   51976 (USMA) 31
data-sort-value="ham" Carter F. Ham
  • Director, Operations, Joint Staff, J3, 2007–2008.
11976 (ROTC) 31 (1952–) Promoted to general, 28 Aug 2008.
81data-sort-value="hunzeker" 8 Aug 2007   31975 (USMA) 32 (1952–)
82data-sort-value="vane" Michael A. Vane20 Aug 2007   41975 (USMA) 32
83data-sort-value="sorenson" Jeffrey A. Sorenson16 Nov 2007   41973 (USMA) 34
84data-sort-value="schoomaker" Eric B. Schoomaker11 Dec 2007   41970 (ROTC) 37 (1948–) Brother of Army four-star general Peter Schoomaker.[19]
85data-sort-value="miller" Thomas G. Miller11 Jan 2008   31973 (ROTC) 35
86data-sort-value="huntoon" David H. Huntoon Jr.25 Jan 2008   51973 (USMA) 35 (1951–) Commandant, U.S. Army War College, 2003–2008.
87data-sort-value="mixon" Benjamin R. Mixon1 Feb 2008   31975 (NGC) 33 (1953–)
88data-sort-value="fil" Joseph F. Fil Jr.18 Feb 2008   21976 (ROTC) 32 (1953–)
89data-sort-value="gainey" Kathleen M. Gainey13 Mar 2008   51978 (ROTC) 30 (1956–)
90data-sort-value="stevenson" Mitchell H. StevensonJun 2008  
  • Deputy Chief of Staff, Logistics, Army Staff (DCS G-4), 2008–2011.
31974 (ROTC) 34 (1952–)
91data-sort-value="helmick" Frank G. Helmick3 Jul 2008   41976 (USMA) 32 (1953–)
92data-sort-value="durbin" Robert E. Durbin23 Jul 2008  
  • Special Assistant to the Secretary of the Army for Enterprise Management, 2008–2010.
  • Director, Army Office of Business Transformation (DIROBT), 2010–2011.
31975 (USMA) 33
93data-sort-value="stanton" Edgar E. Stanton III 41972 (ROTC) 36
94data-sort-value="lynch" Rick Lynch25 Jul 2008   31977 (USMA) 31
data-sort-value="rodriguez" David M. Rodriguez 31976 (USMA) 32 (1954–) Promoted to general, 12 Sep 2011.
95data-sort-value="mulholland" John F. Mulholland Jr.7 Nov 2008   81978 (ROTC) 30 (1955–)
96data-sort-value="o'reilly" Patrick J. O'Reilly21 Nov 2008   41978 (USMA) 30 (–)
97data-sort-value="black" Scott C. Black11 Dec 2008   11974 (ROTC) 31 (1952–) First three-star judge advocate general of the Army.
98data-sort-value="pillsbury" James H. Pillsbury15 Dec 2008   31973 (ROTC) 35
99data-sort-value="pollett" Carroll F. Pollett17 Dec 2008   41975 (OCS) 33
data-sort-value="via" Dennis L. Via
  • Director, Command, Control, Communications and Computers/Cyber, Joint Staff, J6, 2009–2011.
  • Deputy Commanding General/Chief of Staff, U.S. Army Materiel Command (DCG/COFS AMC), 2011–2012.
31980 (ROTC) 29 (1958–) Promoted to general, 7 Aug 2012.
100data-sort-value="keen" P. Kenneth KeenSep 2009   41974 (ROTC) 35 (1952–)
101data-sort-value="hertling" Mark P. Hertling19 Sep 2009   31975 (USMA) 34 (1953–) Chairman, American Battle Monuments Commission, 2021–2023.[20] [21]
data-sort-value="cone" Robert W. Cone22 Sep 2009   21979 (USMA) 30 (1957–2016) Promoted to general, 29 Apr 2011.
102data-sort-value="chipman" Dana K. Chipman1 Oct 2009   41980 (USMA) 29 (1958–) Republican counsel, U.S. House Select Committee on Benghazi, 2014–2016.[22]
103data-sort-value="barbero" Michael D. Barbero7 Oct 2009   41976 (USMA) 33 (1955–)
104data-sort-value="lennox" Robert P. Lennox 31977 (USMA) 32
105data-sort-value="huber" Keith M. Huber10 Nov 2009   41975 (USMA) 34
106data-sort-value="swan" Guy C. Swan III15 Dec 2009   21976 (USMA) 33 (1954–)
107data-sort-value="oates" Michael L. Oates30 Dec 2009   21979 (USMA) 30

Timeline

2000–2009

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bar:maude from:2000 till:2001 color:staff text:"Timothy J. Maude" bar:cuviello from:2000 till:2003 color:army text:"Peter M. Cuviello" bar:mikolashek from:2000 till:2002 color:forces bar:mikolashek from:2002 till:2005 color:army text:"Paul T. Mikolashek" bar:noonan from:2000 till:2003 color:staff text:"Robert W. Noonan Jr." bar:mcneill from:2000 till:2002 color:corps bar:mcneill from:2002 till:2003 color:joint bar:mcneill from:2003 till:2004 color:army bar:mcneill from:2004 till:2008 color:gen text:"Dan K. McNeill" bar:mcfarren from:2000 till:2003 color:forces text:"Freddy E. McFarren" bar:peake from:2000 till:2004 color:army text:"James B. Peake" bar:zanini from:2000 till:2002 color:forces text:"Daniel R. Zanini" bar:abizaid from:2000 till:2003 color:joint bar:abizaid from:2003 till:2007 color:gen text:"John P. Abizaid" bar:mahan from:2000 till:2003 color:staff text:"Charles S. Mahan Jr." bar:brownbryan from:2000 till:2002 color:army bar:brownbryan from:2002 till:2004 color:joint bar:brownbryan from:2004 till:2007 color:gen text:"Bryan D. Brown" bar:flowers from:2000 till:2004 color:army text:"Robert B. Flowers" bar:kellogg from:2000 till:2003 color:joint text:"Joseph K. Kellogg Jr." bar:cosumano from:2001 till:2003 color:army text:"Joseph M. Cosumano Jr." bar:beauchamp from:2001 till:2002 color:army text:"Roy E. Beauchamp" bar:schultz from:2001 till:2005 color:army text:"Roger C. Schultz" bar:lennoxwilliam from:2001 till:2006 color:army text:"William J. Lennox Jr." bar:plewes from:2001 till:2002 color:army text:"Thomas J. Plewes" bar:griffin from:2001 till:2004 color:staff bar:griffin from:2004 till:2008 color:gen text:"Benjamin S. Griffin" bar:wallace from:2001 till:2003 color:corps bar:wallace from:2003 till:2005 color:army bar:wallace from:2005 till:2008 color:gen text:"William S. Wallace" bar:bell from:2001 till:2002 color:corps bar:bell from:2002 till:2008 color:gen text:"Burwell B. Bell III" bar:sylvester from:2001 till:2004 color:joint text:"John B. Sylvester" bar:broadwater from:2001 till:2006 color:joint text:"Colby M. Broadwater III" bar:inge from:2001 till:2004 color:forces bar:inge from:2004 till:2007 color:joint text:"Joseph R. Inge" bar:lemoyne from:2001 till:2003 color:staff text:"John M. LeMoyne" bar:caldwelljohn from:2001 till:2003 color:army text:"John S. Caldwell Jr." bar:casey from:2001 till:2003 color:joint bar:casey from:2003 till:2011 color:gen text:"George W. Casey Jr." bar:mckiernan from:2001 till:2002 color:staff bar:mckiernan from:2002 till:2004 color:forces bar:mckiernan from:2004 till:2005 color:army bar:mckiernan from:2005 till:2009 color:gen text:"David D. McKiernan" bar:cavin from:2002 till:2004 color:army text:"Dennis D. Cavin" bar:helmly from:2002 till:2006 color:army text:"James R. Helmly" bar:cody from:2002 till:2004 color:staff bar:cody from:2004 till:2008 color:gen text:"Richard A. Cody" bar:soriano from:2002 till:2004 color:corps text:"Edward Soriano" bar:craddock from:2002 till:2005 color:joint bar:craddock from:2005 till:2009 color:gen text:"Bantz J. Craddock" bar:kensinger from:2002 till:2005 color:army text:"Philip R. Kensinger Jr." bar:ward from:2002 till:2003 color:joint bar:ward from:2003 till:2007 color:forces bar:ward from:2006 till:2011 color:gen text:"William E. Ward" bar:hack from:2002 till:2005 color:army text:"Richard A. Hack" bar:campbelljames from:2002 till:2004 color:army bar:campbelljames from:2004 till:2008 color:staff text:"James L. Campbell" bar:campbellcharles from:2002 till:2006 color:forces bar:campbellcharles from:2006 till:2007 color:army bar:campbellcharles from:2007 till:2010 color:gen text:"Charles C. Campbell" bar:wagner from:2003 till:2005 color:joint bar:wagner from:2005 till:2008 color:army text:"Robert W. Wagner" bar:metz from:2003 till:2005 color:corps bar:metz from:2005 till:2007 color:army bar:metz from:2007 till:2009 color:joint text:"Thomas F. Metz" bar:sharp from:2003 till:2008 color:staff bar:sharp from:2008 till:2011 color:gen text:"Walter L. Sharp" bar:blum from:2003 till:2008 color:army bar:blum from:2008 till:2010 color:joint text:"H. Steven Blum" bar:sinn from:2003 till:2006 color:army text:"Jerry L. Sinn" bar:jones from:2003 till:2005 color:army text:"Anthony R. Jones" bar:sanchez from:2003 till:2004 color:theater bar:sanchez from:2004 till:2006 color:corps text:"Ricardo S. Sanchez" bar:lovelace from:2003 till:2007 color:staff bar:lovelace from:2007 till:2009 color:forces text:"James J. Lovelace Jr." bar:boykin from:2003 till:2007 color:joint text:"William G. Boykin" bar:christianson from:2003 till:2005 color:staff bar:christianson from:2005 till:2008 color:joint text:"Claude V. Christianson" bar:alexander from:2003 till:2005 color:staff bar:alexander from:2005 till:2010 color:joint bar:alexander from:2010 till:2014 color:gen text:"Keith B. Alexander" bar:vines from:2003 till:2005 color:corps bar:vines from:2005 till:2006 color:theater text:"John R. Vines" bar:boutelle from:2003 till:2007 color:staff text:"Steven W. Boutelle" bar:hagenbeck from:2003 till:2006 color:staff bar:hagenbeck from:2006 till:2010 color:army text:"Franklin L. Hagenbeck" bar:barno from:2003 till:2005 color:theater bar:barno from:2005 till:2006 color:staff text:"David W. Barno" bar:yakovac from:2003 till:2006 color:army text:"Joseph L. Yakovac Jr." bar:clark from:2003 till:2006 color:forces text:"Robert T. Clark" bar:curran from:2003 till:2007 color:army text:"John M. Curran" bar:dodgen from:2003 till:2006 color:army text:"Larry J. Dodgen" bar:petraeus from:2004 till:2005 color:theater bar:petraeus from:2005 till:2007 color:army bar:petraeus from:2007 till:2011 color:gen text:"David H. Petraeus" bar:strock from:2004 till:2007 color:army text:"Carl A. Strock" bar:honoré from:2004 till:2008 color:forces text:"Russel L. Honoré" bar:brownjohn from:2004 till:2008 color:army text:"John M. Brown III" bar:dail from:2004 till:2008 color:joint text:"Robert T. Dail" bar:kiley from:2004 till:2007 color:army text:"Kevin C. Kiley" bar:melcher from:2004 till:2006 color:staff bar:melcher from:2006 till:2008 color:army text:"David F. Melcher" bar:whitcomb from:2004 till:2007 color:forces bar:whitcomb from:2007 till:2010 color:army text:"R. Steven Whitcomb" bar:dubik from:2004 till:2007 color:corps bar:dubik from:2007 till:2008 color:theater text:"James M. Dubik" bar:antwerp from:2004 till:2011 color:army text:"Robert L. Van Antwerp Jr." bar:odierno from:2005 till:2006 color:joint bar:odierno from:2006 till:2006 color:corps bar:odierno from:2006 till:2008 color:theater bar:odierno from:2008 till:2008 color:corps bar:odierno from:2008 till:2015 color:gen text:"Raymond T. Odierno" bar:green from:2005 till:2008 color:army text:"Stanley E. Green" bar:dailey from:2005 till:2007 color:joint text:"Dell L. Dailey" bar:eikenberry from:2005 till:2007 color:theater bar:eikenberry from:2007 till:2009 color:joint text:"Karl W. Eikenberry" bar:vaughn from:2005 till:2009 color:army text:"Clyde A. Vaughn" bar:burgess from:2005 till:2009 color:federal bar:burgess from:2009 till:2012 color:joint text:"Ronald L. Burgess Jr." bar:mortensen from:2005 till:2008 color:army text:"William E. Mortensen" bar:dempsey from:2005 till:2007 color:theater bar:dempsey from:2007 till:2008 color:joint bar:dempsey from:2008 till:2015 color:gen text:"Martin E. Dempsey" bar:dunwoody from:2005 till:2008 color:staff bar:dunwoody from:2008 till:2008 color:army bar:dunwoody from:2008 till:2012 color:gen text:"Ann E. Dunwoody" bar:kimmons from:2005 till:2009 color:staff bar:kimmons from:2009 till:2010 color:joint text:"John F. Kimmons" bar:dayton from:2005 till:2010 color:joint text:"Keith W. Dayton" bar:wood from:2005 till:2008 color:joint text:"John R. Wood" bar:maples from:2005 till:2009 color:joint text:"Michael D. Maples" bar:chiarelli from:2006 till:2006 color:theater bar:chiarelli from:2006 till:2008 color:joint bar:chiarelli from:2008 till:2012 color:gen text:"Peter W. Chiarelli" bar:mcchrystal from:2006 till:2009 color:joint bar:mcchrystal from:2009 till:2010 color:gen text:"Stanley A. McChrystal" bar:speer from:2006 till:2009 color:forces text:"Gary D. Speer" bar:valcourt from:2006 till:2008 color:forces bar:valcourt from:2008 till:2010 color:army text:"David P. Valcourt" bar:stultz from:2006 till:2012 color:army text:"Jack C. Stultz Jr." bar:rochelle from:2006 till:2009 color:staff text:"Michael D. Rochelle" bar:wilson from:2006 till:2009 color:staff text:"Robert Wilson" bar:lute from:2006 till:2007 color:joint bar:lute from:2007 till:2013 color:federal text:"Douglas E. Lute" bar:thompson from:2006 till:2010 color:army text:"N. Ross Thompson III" bar:turner from:2006 till:2009 color:forces text:"Thomas R. Turner II" bar:austin from:2006 till:2008 color:corps bar:austin from:2008 till:2009 color:theater bar:austin from:2009 till:2010 color:joint bar:austin from:2010 till:2016 color:gen text:"Lloyd J. Austin III" bar:speakes from:2006 till:2009 color:staff text:"Stephen M. Speakes" bar:peterson from:2006 till:2010 color:army text:"Joseph F. Peterson" bar:campbellkevin from:2006 till:2010 color:army text:"Kevin T. Campbell" bar:thurman from:2007 till:2007 color:corps bar:thurman from:2007 till:2010 color:staff bar:thurman from:2010 till:2013 color:gen text:"James D. Thurman" bar:freakley from:2007 till:2012 color:army text:"Benjamin C. Freakley" bar:webster from:2007 till:2009 color:joint bar:webster from:2009 till:2011 color:forces text:"William G. Webster Jr." bar:jacoby from:2007 till:2009 color:corps bar:jacoby from:2009 till:2010 color:theater bar:jacoby from:2010 till:2011 color:joint bar:jacoby from:2011 till:2014 color:gen text:"Charles H. Jacoby Jr." bar:caldwellwilliam from:2007 till:2009 color:army bar:caldwellwilliam from:2009 till:2012 color:theater bar:caldwellwilliam from:2012 till:2013 color:forces text:"William B. Caldwell IV" bar:kearney from:2007 till:2011 color:joint text:"Francis H. Kearney III" bar:zahner from:2007 till:2009 color:joint bar:zahner from:2009 till:2012 color:staff text:"Richard P. Zahner" bar:fridovich from:2007 till:2011 color:joint text:"David P. Fridovich" bar:gardner from:2007 till:2012 color:joint text:"John D. Gardner" bar:ham from:2007 till:2008 color:joint bar:ham from:2008 till:2013 color:gen text:"Carter F. Ham" bar:hunzeker from:2007 till:2009 color:corps bar:hunzeker from:2009 till:2010 color:theater text:"Kenneth W. Hunzeker" bar:vane from:2007 till:2011 color:army text:"Michael A. Vane" bar:sorenson from:2007 till:2011 color:staff text:"Jeffrey A. Sorenson" bar:schoomaker from:2007 till:2011 color:army text:"Eric B. Schoomaker" bar:miller from:2008 till:2011 color:forces text:"Thomas G. Miller" bar:huntoon from:2008 till:2010 color:staff bar:huntoon from:2010 till:2013 color:army text:"David H. Huntoon Jr." bar:mixon from:2008 till:2011 color:army text:"Benjamin R. Mixon" bar:fil from:2008 till:2010 color:forces text:"Joseph F. Fil Jr." bar:gainey from:2008 till:2013 color:joint text:"Kathleen M. Gainey" bar:stevenson from:2008 till:2011 color:staff text:"Mitchell H. Stevenson" bar:helmick from:2008 till:2009 color:theater bar:helmick from:2009 till:2011 color:corps bar:helmick from:2011 till:2011 color:theater bar:helmick from:2011 till:2012 color:corps text:"Frank G. Helmick" bar:durbin from:2008 till:2011 color:army text:"Robert E. Durbin" bar:stanton from:2008 till:2012 color:army text:"Edgar E. Stanton III" bar:lynch from:2008 till:2009 color:corps bar:lynch from:2009 till:2011 color:staff text:"Rick Lynch" bar:rodriguez from:2008 till:2009 color:joint bar:rodriguez from:2009 till:2011 color:theater bar:rodriguez from:2011 till:2016 color:gen text:"David M. Rodriguez" bar:mulholland from:2008 till:2012 color:army bar:mulholland from:2012 till:2014 color:joint bar:mulholland from:2014 till:2015 color:army bar:mulholland from:2015 till:2016 color:joint text:"John F. Mulholland Jr." bar:o'reilly from:2008 till:2012 color:joint text:"Patrick J. O'Reilly" bar:black from:2008 till:2009 color:army text:"Scott C. Black" bar:pillsbury from:2008 till:2011 color:army text:"James H. Pillsbury" bar:pollett from:2008 till:2012 color:joint text:"Carroll F. Pollett" bar:via from:2009 till:2011 color:joint bar:via from:2011 till:2012 color:army bar:via from:2012 till:2016 color:gen text:"Dennis L. Via" bar:keen from:2009 till:2013 color:joint text:"P. Kenneth Keen" bar:hertling from:2009 till:2012 color:army text:"Mark P. Hertling" bar:cone from:2009 till:2010 color:corps bar:cone from:2010 till:2011 color:theater bar:cone from:2011 till:2014 color:gen text:"Robert W. Cone" bar:chipman from:2009 till:2013 color:army text:"Dana K. Chipman" bar:barbero from:2009 till:2011 color:theater bar:barbero from:2011 till:2013 color:joint text:"Michael D. Barbero" bar:lennoxrobert from:2009 till:2012 color:staff text:"Robert P. Lennox" bar:huber from:2009 till:2011 color:joint bar:huber from:2011 till:2013 color:theater text:"Keith M. Huber" bar:swan from:2009 till:2011 color:forces text:"Guy C. Swan III" bar:oates from:2009 till:2011 color:joint text:"Michael L. Oates"

bar:end_officers

Background

Three-star positions, elevations and reductions

Several new joint duty positions eligible to be held to be held by an Army officer, in addition to existing Army officers, were created at the appointed grade of lieutenant general, or elevated to grade between 2000 and 2010. In particular, a multitude of new positions were created in support of the war in Afghanistan and the Iraq War, which began in 2001 and 2003 respectively.

At least three joint duty positions within the Department of Defense were created or restored, with one leading a new Defense agency, the Joint Improvised-Threat Defeat Organization. Additionally, all deputy commanders in chief of the unified combatant commands would be retitled as deputy commanders, by order of Secretary of Defense Donald H. Rumsfeld on 24 October 2002.[24]

Two new three-star Army commands were stood up between 2000 and 2010, and two Army major commands received new three-star positions. Additionally, all directorates of the Army Staff were redesignated in accordance with the Continental staff system in 2002, receiving the prefix "G".

Several positions in the Army in charge of specialty branches and functional areas received elevations to three-star grade, either by statute or Army regulation.

Senate confirmations

Military nominations are considered by the Senate Armed Services Committee. While it is rare for three-star or four-star nominations to face even token opposition in the Senate, nominations that do face opposition due to controversy surrounding the nominee in question are typically withdrawn. Nominations that are not withdrawn are allowed to expire without action at the end of the legislative session.

Additionally, events that take place after Senate confirmation may still delay or even prevent the nominee from assuming office.

Legislative history

The following list of Congressional legislation includes all acts of Congress pertaining to appointments to the grade of lieutenant general in the United States Army from 2000 to 2009.

Each entry lists an act of Congress, its citation in the United States Statutes at Large, and a summary of the act's relevance, with officers affected by the act bracketed where applicable. Positions listed without reference to rank are assumed to be eligible for officers of three-star grade or higher.

Legislation! scope="col" width = 120
CitationSummary
Act of October 30, 2000[Floyd D. Spence National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2001] 
 
 
 
  • Raised statutory rank of the chief of Army Reserve, under standard promotion procedures, to lieutenant general (Thomas J. Plewes).
  • Raised statutory rank of the directors of the Army National Guard and Air National Guard, under standard promotion procedures, to lieutenant general (Roger C. Schultz).
  • Repealed special requirement for senior reserve component officers, per Section 12505 of Title 10, for appointment to grade of lieutenant general or vice admiral.
  • Increased percentage of general officers in the Army or Air Force that may be appointed above grade of major general from 15% to 15.7%.
  • Requested the President to advance the late Major General Walter C. Short to grade of lieutenant general on the retired list.
Act of December 2, 2002[Bob Stump National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2003] 
 
  • Established a Department of Defense Test Resource Management Center and assigned director statutory grade of lieutenant general or vice admiral.
  • Exempted the senior military assistant to the secretary of defense from number and percentage limitations on general or flag officers, if serving in grade of lieutenant general or vice admiral.
Act of January 6, 2006[National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2006] 
  • Prohibited frocking of officers below grade of major general or rear admiral to grades above major general or rear admiral.
Act of January 28, 2008[National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008] 
 
 
 
  • Raised statutory rank of the judge advocate general of the Army to lieutenant general (Scott C. Black).
  • Increased percentage of general or flag officers that may be appointed above grade of major general or rear admiral from 15.7% to 16.3%.
  • Allowed officers serving in grade of lieutenant general, general, vice admiral, or admiral to continue holding such position for up to 60 days following reassignment from such position, unless placed sooner in another designated position.
  • Made position of principal military deputy to the assistant secretary of the Army for acquisition, technology and logistics statutory, to be selected from active duty lieutenant generals of the Army.
  • Required one deputy commander of the combatant command covering the geographic area of responsibility of which includes the United States to be a National Guard officer eligible for promotion to lieutenant general (William G. Webster Jr., H. Steven Blum).
Act of October 14, 2008[Duncan Hunter National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2009] 
 
 
  • Increased percentage of general officers in the Army or Air Force that may be appointed above grade of major general from 16.3% to 16.4%, and reserved percentage increase in Army general officers for those serving in acquisition positions.
  • Revised cap on total number of authorized Army general officers to be reduced to 225, of which 45 may be appointed in grade of lieutenant general pending a congressional report by the secretary of defense.
  • Authorized appointment of up to 68 officers in grade of lieutenant general or vice admiral for joint duty assignments.
Act of October 28, 2009[National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2010] 
  • Capped total number of Army general officers who may be appointed in grade of lieutenant general at 45, pursuant to changes made under NDAA 2009.

See also

References

Notes

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Riis. Shatara. Gold Star spouse shares her story of 9/11 in remembering Lt. Gen. Timothy J. Maude. 9 October 2021. 12 June 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20211022210240/https://www.dvidshub.net/news/405074/gold-star-spouse-shares-her-story-9-11-remembering-lt-gen-timothy-j-maude. 22 October 2021. U.S. Army Human Resources Command. Fort Knox, Kentucky. DVIDS.
  2. Web site: Carlson. John. 9/11 a day of remembrance. 11 September 2013. 28 September 2023. https://archive.today/20130918210954/http://www.thestarpress.com/article/20130912/NEWS01/309120028/9-11-day-remembrance. 18 September 2013. Muncie, Indiana. The Star Press.
  3. Web site: Stout. David. Bush Chooses Retired Army Surgeon to Lead V.A.. 31 October 2007. 12 June 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20180116155527/https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/31/washington/31veterans.html. 16 January 2018. Washington, D. C.. The New York Times.
  4. Web site: LTG John Abizaid. https://web.archive.org/web/20030401235522/http://www.centcom.mil/aboutus/bios/abizaid_bio.htm. 1 April 2003. 15 February 2022. U.S. Central Command.
  5. Web site: Baker. Peter. Schmitt. Eric. Trump Nominates Retired General as Ambassador to Saudi Arabia. 13 November 2018. 28 September 2023. https://archive.today/20230928071340/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/13/us/politics/trump-john-abizaid-saudi-arabia.html. 28 September 2023. Washington, D. C.. The New York Times.
  6. Web site: Sink. Justin. Pence Names Keith Kellogg as Top National Security Adviser. 23 April 2018. 12 June 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20180429094051/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-04-23/pence-names-keith-kellogg-as-top-national-security-adviser. 29 April 2018. Bloomberg News. Bloomberg L.P..
  7. Web site: Saint Leo's Lennox Retires as President, Provost Senese Named Acting President. 30 April 2018. 12 June 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20210830153229/https://www.saintleo.edu/news-events/saint-leos-lennox-retires-as-president. 30 August 2021. Saint Leo University.
  8. Web site: Staff Directory American College of the Building Arts. 12 June 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20210202024859/https://acba.edu/staffdirectory. 2 February 2021. American College of the Building Arts.
  9. Web site: Third Army now U.S. Army Central. 11 February 2008. https://web.archive.org/web/20210831130946/https://www.centcom.mil/MEDIA/NEWS-ARTICLES/News-Article-View/Article/883388/third-army-now-us-army-central/. 31 August 2021. U.S. Army Central Public Affairs. U.S. Central Command.
  10. Web site: Lieutenant General David Barno. 12 June 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20201025101425/https://www.thayerleadership.com/people/faculty/lieutenant-general-david-barno. 25 October 2020. Thayer Leadership.
  11. Web site: Lineage and Honors - Headquarters and Headquarters Company, First Army. 30 April 2012. 1 September 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210803123914/https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/army/firstarmy.htm. 3 August 2021. U.S. Army.
  12. Web site: Stanley E. Green OCS Alumni. 2 September 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210902043833/https://ocsalumni.org/at_biz_dir/stanley-e-green/. 2 September 2021. OCS Alumni.
  13. Web site: Garamone. Jim. Obama Nominates Hill, Eikenberry for Posts. 12 March 2009. 28 September 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230928072014/https://www.dvidshub.net/news/31056/obama-nominates-hill-eikenberry-posts. 28 September 2023. Office of the Secretary of Defense Public Affairs. Washington, D. C.. DVIDS.
  14. Web site: Marshall Center bids farewell to Director Keith Dayton. 28 May 2021. 12 June 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20210620032027/https://www.marshallcenter.org/en/news-archive/marshall-center-bids-farewell-director-keith-dayton. 20 June 2021. Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies.
  15. Web site: Lieutenant General Gary D. Speer. 25 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210825084416/https://www.iwp.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/20111005_LTGRGarySpeerBio.pdf. 25 August 2021. General Officer Management Office. The Institute of World Politics.
  16. Web site: Ambassador Douglas Lute. 28 September 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230810230416/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/biog/213226.htm. 10 August 2023. U.S. Department of State.
  17. Web site: Rose. Maureen. Accessions Command discontinued. 20 January 2012. 12 June 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20210907091830/https://www.army.mil/article/72201/accessions_command_discontinued. 7 September 2021. U.S. Army Installation Management Command Public Affairs. Fort Knox, Kentucky. U.S. Army.
  18. Web site: President William B. Caldwell, IV. 28 September 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230602163400/https://www.gmc.edu/president-caldwell/. 2 June 2023. Georgia Military College.
  19. Web site: McClure. Jim. High-ranking military brothers spent time in York County. 4 February 2008. 12 June 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220612075842/https://www.ydr.com/story/news/history/blogs/york-town-square/2008/02/04/highranking-military-brothers/31559129/. 12 June 2022. York, Pennsylvania. York Daily Record.
  20. Web site: President Biden Appoints Members to the American Battle Monuments Commission. 29 September 2021. 12 June 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20211102121749/https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/09/29/president-biden-appoints-members-to-the-american-battle-monuments-commission/. 2 November 2021. Washington, D. C.. The White House, Washington.
  21. Web site: The Commission American Battle Monuments Commission. American Battle Monuments Commission. 3 August 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20211220165258/https://www.abmc.gov/about-us/commission. December 20, 2021. American Battle Monuments Commission.
  22. Web site: Huetteman. Emmarie. House Panel on Benghazi Hires General for Legal Team. 20 August 2014. 12 June 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20180226123537/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/21/us/politics/house-panel-on-benghazi-hires-general-for-legal-team.html. 26 February 2018. Washington, D. C.. The New York Times.
  23. Web site: Casey. George. Strategic Reflections: Operation Iraqi Freedom (July 2004-February 2007). 5. 30 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211029161146/https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Portals/68/Documents/Books/strategic-reflections.pdf. 29 October 2021. National Defense University.
  24. MEMORANDUM FOR SECRETARIES OF THE MILITARY DEPARTMENTS SUBJECT: The Title "Commander-in-Chief". Rumsfeld. Donald. 24 October 2002. The Rumsfeld Papers. 4 March 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20201115051555/https://library.rumsfeld.com/doclib/sp/223/2002-10-24%20re%20The%20Title%20Commander%20in%20Chief.pdf. 15 November 2020. dmy-all.
  25. Web site: PN1251 — Maj. Gen. Stanley A. McChrystal — Army, 109th Congress (2005-2006). 1 February 2006. 30 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20220412034427/https://www.congress.gov/nomination/109th-congress/1251. 12 April 2022. U.S. Congress.
  26. Web site: Army activates IMCOM to improve Soldier support. 25 October 2006. 14 June 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20151004172832/http://www.army.mil/article/423/Army_activates_IMCOM_to_improve_Soldier_support/. 4 October 2015. Arlington, Virginia. U.S. Army.
  27. Web site: PN2235 — Maj. Gen. Richard A. Hack — Army, 107th Congress (2001-2002). 8 October 2002. 30 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211030144123/https://www.congress.gov/nomination/107th-congress/2235. 30 October 2021. U.S. Congress.
  28. Web site: PN603 — Maj. Gen. Anthony R. Jones — Army, 108th Congress (2003-2004). 23 May 2003. 30 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211030074819/https://www.congress.gov/nomination/108th-congress/603. 30 October 2021. U.S. Congress.
  29. Web site: PUBLIC LAW 106–398—OCT. 30, 2000, National Defense Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 2001.. 30 October 2000. 23 May 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220417065333/https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-106publ398/pdf/PLAW-106publ398.pdf. 17 April 2022. U.S. Government Publishing Office.
  30. Web site: PN331 — Maj. Gen. Thomas J. Plewes — Army, 107th Congress (2001-2002). 30 April 2001. 29 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211029142927/https://www.congress.gov/nomination/107th-congress/331. 29 October 2021. U.S. Congress.
  31. Web site: PN329 — Maj. Gen. Roger C. Schultz — Army, 107th Congress (2001-2002). 30 April 2001. 29 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211102103116/https://www.congress.gov/nomination/107th-congress/329. 2 November 2021. U.S. Congress.
  32. Act of October 14, 2008 [National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008]
  33. Web site: PN2075 – Maj. Gen. Scott C. Black – Army, 110th Congress (2007–2008). 22 September 2008. 23 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20220530195911/https://www.congress.gov/nomination/110th-congress/2075. 30 May 2022. U.S. Congress.
  34. Web site: PN420 – Maj. Gen. Joseph J. Taluto – Army, 111th Congress (2009–2010). 19 May 2010. 16 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20220531053425/https://www.congress.gov/nomination/111th-congress/420?s=1&r=20. 31 May 2022. U.S. Congress.
  35. Web site: Esposito. Siobhan. Siobhan Esposito's Blog: Fragging Widow Slams Taluto as Unfit to Lead Guard. 14 May 2009. 1 August 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220530204919/http://siobhanesposito.blogspot.com/2009/05/fragging-widow-slams-taluto-as-unfit-to.html. 30 May 2022. Alexandria, Virginia. Siobhan Esposito's Blog.
  36. Web site: Franco. James. Gen. Taluto quits nomination, retires. 29 January 2010. 1 August 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220530010415/https://www.troyrecord.com/2010/01/29/gen-taluto-quits-nomination-retires/. 30 May 2022. Troy Record.
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