List of United Kingdom by-elections (1885–1900) explained

This is a list of parliamentary by-elections in the United Kingdom held between 1885 and 1900, with the names of the previous incumbent and the victor in the by-election and their respective parties. Where seats changed political party at the election, the result is highlighted: light blue for a Conservative (including Liberal Unionist and Irish Unionist) gain, orange for a Liberal (including Liberal-Labour and Liberal/Crofter) gain, light green for an Irish Parliamentary Party (including the Irish National Federation Anti-Parnellite Nationalist group from March 1891, but not the Irish National League Parnellite Nationalist faction when the IPP was split between December 1890 and 1900) gain and grey for any other gain.

Resignations

Where the cause of by-election is given as "resignation" or "seeks re-election", this indicates that the incumbent was appointed on his own request to an "office of profit under the Crown", either the Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds or the Steward of the Manor of Northstead. These appointments are made as a constitutional device for leaving the House of Commons, whose Members are not permitted to resign.

By-elections

26th Parliament (1895–1900)
By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause
Wilton	17 July 1900^1	Viscount Folkestone		James Archibald Morrison		Succession to the peerage
Manchester South	29 May 1900	Marquis of Lorne		William Wellesley Peel		Succession to the peerage
Isle of Wight	23 May 1900	Sir Richard Webster				Resignation
Dublin University	16 May 1900^1					Solicitor General^2
Edinburgh and St Andrews Universities	3 May 1900^1	Sir William Overend Priestley				Death
Portsmouth	3 May 1900	Walter Owen Clough		Thomas Arthur Bramsdon		Resignation
Holborn	23 March 1900^1	Sir Charles Hall		James Remnant		Death
Brixton	20 March 1900^1	Evelyn Hubbard		Sir Robert Mowbray		Resignation
North Sligo	7 March 1900^1	Bernard Collery				Resignation
South Mayo	27 February 1900	Michael Davitt				Resignation
Newark	16 February 1900	Viscount Newark		Sir Charles Welby, Bt		Succession to the peerage
Plymouth	16 February 1900^1	Sir Edward Clarke		Ivor Churchill Guest		Resignation
Rossendale	13 February 1900	John Henry Maden		Sir William Mather		Resignation
Mid Armagh	12 February 1900	Dunbar Plunket Barton		John Brownlee Lonsdale		Resignation
London University	6–10 February 1900	Sir John Lubbock		Sir Michael Foster		Elevation to the peerage
York	6 February 1900	Lord Charles Beresford				Resignation
Clackmannanshire and Kinross-shire	20 December 1899	John Balfour		Eugene Wason		Resignation
Wells	7 December 1899^1	Hylton Jolliffe		Robert Edmund Dickinson		Succession to the peerage
Exeter	6 November 1899	Henry Northcote		Sir Edgar Vincent		Resignation
Bow and Bromley	27 October 1899	Lionel Holland		Walter Guthrie		Resignation
St Pancras East	12 July 1899	Robert Grant Webster		Thomas Wrightson		Resignation
Oldham^6	6 July 1899	Robert Ascroft		Alfred Emmott		Death
		James Francis Oswald		Walter Runciman		Resignation
Osgoldcross^4	5 July 1899	Sir John Austin		Sir John Austin		Seeks re-election on leaving party
Edinburgh East	23 June 1899	Robert Wallace				Death
Edinburgh South^3	19 June 1899	Robert Cox		Arthur Dewar		Death
Southport^5	30 May 1899	Sir Herbert Naylor-Leyland		George Augustus Pilkington		Death
Oxford University	11 May 1899^1	Sir John Robert Mowbray		Sir William Reynell Anson		Death
Merionethshire	2 May 1899^1	Thomas Edward Ellis		Owen Morgan Edwards		Death
Harrow	5 April 1899	William Ambrose		Irwin Cox		Resignation (Master in Lunacy)
North Norfolk	16 March 1899	Herbert Cozens-Hardy		William Brampton Gurdon		Resignation
Elland	8 March 1899	Thomas Wayman		Charles Philips Trevelyan		Resignation
Hythe	1 March 1899	Sir James Bevan Edwards		Sir Edward Sassoon		Resignation
North Antrim	25 February 1899^1	Hugh McCalmont		William Moore		Resignation
Rotherham	23 February 1899	Arthur Herbert Dyke Acland		William Henry Holland		Resignation
North West Lanarkshire	21 February 1899	John Goundry Holburn		Charles Mackinnon Douglas		Death
Londonderry City	16 February 1899	Edmund Francis Vesey Knox				Resignation
Birmingham North	14 February 1899^1	William Kenrick		John Throgmorton Middlemore		Resignation
Epsom	23 January 1899^1	Thomas Bucknill		William Keswick		Resignation
Newton	16 January 1899^1	Thomas Wodehouse Legh		Richard Pilkington		Succession to the peerage
Aylesbury	6 January 1899^1	Ferdinand James de Rothschild		Lionel Walter Rothschild		Death
Liverpool Kirkdale	9 December 1898^1	Sir George Smyth Baden-Powell		David MacIver		Death
Oxford	4 November 1898^1	Viscount Valentia		Viscount Valentia		Comptroller of the Household^2
North Fermanagh	1 November 1898	Richard Martin Dane		Edward Archdale		Resignation
Ormskirk	20 October 1898^1	Sir Arthur Bower Forwood		Arthur Stanley		Death
Darlington	17 September 1898	Arthur Pease		Herbert Pike Pease		Death
North Down	7 September 1898	Thomas Waring		John Blakiston-Houston		Death
Southport^5	24 August 1898	George Nathaniel Curzon		Sir Herbert Naylor-Leyland		Resignation
Launceston	3 August 1898	Thomas Owen		Sir John Fletcher Moulton		Death
Great Grimsby^4	2 August 1898	Sir George Doughty		Sir George Doughty		Seeks re-election on changing party
Reading^4	25 July 1898	Charles Townshend Murdoch		George William Palmer		Death
West Down	18 July 1898^1	Lord Arthur William Hill		Arthur Hill		Resignation
Gravesend	13 July 1898	James Dampier Palmer		John Ryder		Resignation
Durham^4	30 June 1898	Matthew Fowler		Arthur Elliot		Death
Hertford	22 June 1898	Abel Smith		Evelyn Cecil		Death
South Norfolk^4	12 May 1898	Francis Taylor		Arthur Wellesley Soames		Resignation
Newark	11 May 1898^1	Harold Heneage Finch-Hatton		Viscount Newark		Resignation
West Staffordshire	10 May 1898	Hamar Alfred Bass		Sir Alexander Henderson		Death
Wokingham	30 March 1898	Sir George Russell		Oliver Young		Death
Maidstone	26 March 1898	Sir Frederick Hunt		Fiennes Cornwallis		Resignation
Stepney^3	9 March 1898	Frederick Wootton Isaacson		William Charles Steadman		Death
Cricklade^4	24 February 1898	Alfred Hopkinson		Lord Edmond FitzMaurice		Resignation
Birmingham Edgbaston	15 February 1898^1	George Dixon		Sir Francis William Lowe		Death
Pembrokeshire	15 February 1898	William Rees-Davies		John Wynford Philipps		Resignation
Marylebone West	3 February 1898^1	Sir Horace Brand Townsend Farquhar		Sir Samuel Edward Scott		Elevation to the peerage
South East Durham^3	3 February 1898	Sir Henry Marshman Havelock-Allan		Joseph Richardson		Death
Wolverhampton South	3 February 1898	Charles Pelham Villiers		John Lloyd Gibbons		Death
Dublin St Stephen's Green	21 January 1898	William Kenny		James Henry Mussen Campbell		Resignation
Mid Armagh	21 January 1898^1	Dunbar Plunket Barton		Dunbar Plunket Barton		Solicitor General for Ireland^2
York^4	13 January 1898	Frank Lockwood		Lord Charles Beresford		Death
Plymouth	12 January 1898	Charles Harrison		Sigismund Mendl		Death
Deptford	15 November 1897	Charles John Darling		Arthur Henry Aylmer Morton		Resignation
Liverpool Exchange	10 November 1897	John Charles Bigham		Charles McArthur		Resignation
Middleton^3	4 November 1897	Thomas Fielden		James Duckworth		Death
Barnsley	28 October 1897	Earl Compton		Joseph Walton		Succession to the peerage
East Denbighshire	28 September 1897	Sir George Osborne Morgan		Samuel Moss		Death
Sheffield Brightside	6 August 1897	Anthony John Mundella		Frederick Maddison		Death
South Roscommon	15 July 1897^1	Luke Patrick Hayden		John Patrick Hayden		Death
Petersfield	8 June 1897	William Wickham		William Graham Nicholson		Death
Halifax	3 March 1897	William Rawson Shaw		Alfred Billson		Resignation
Chertsey	18 February 1897	Charles Harvey Combe		Henry Currie Leigh-Bennett		Resignation
Glasgow Bridgeton	15 February 1897	Sir George Otto Trevelyan		Sir Charles Cameron		Resignation
Walthamstow^3	3 February 1897	Edmund Widdrington Byrne		Sam Woods		Resignation
Romford	1 February 1897	Alfred Money Wigram		Louis Sinclair		Resignation
Forfarshire	30 January 1897	James Martin White		John Sinclair		Resignation
Salisbury	27 January 1897	Edward Hulse		Augustus Henry Eden Allhusen		Resignation
Cleveland	12 January 1897	Henry Fell Pease		Alfred Edward Pease		Death
Bradford East	10 November 1896	Henry Byron Reed		Ronald Henry Fulke Greville		Death
Frome^4	2 June 1896	Viscount Weymouth		John Barlow		Succession to the peerage
Wick Burghs^3	2 June 1896	Sir John Pender		Thomas Charles Hunter Hedderwick		Resignation
Edinburgh and St Andrews Universities	12 May 1896^1	Sir Charles John Pearson		Sir William Overend Priestley		Resignation
Aberdeen North	1 May 1896	William Alexander Hunter		Duncan Vernon Pirie		Resignation
North Kerry	24 April 1896^1	Thomas Sexton		Michael Joseph Flavin		Resignation
Dublin College Green	6 April 1896^1	Joseph Edward Kenny		James Laurence Carew		Resignation
East Kerry	27 March 1896	Michael Davitt		James Roche		Chose to sit for South Mayo
South Louth	19 March 1896	Daniel Ambrose		Richard McGhee		Death
Lichfield	26 February 1896	Henry Charles Fulford		Courtenay Warner		Void election
Montrose Burghs	22 February 1896	John Shiress Will		John Morley		Resignation
Southampton^3	22 February 1896	Tankerville Chamberlayne		Sir Francis Henry Evans		Void election
Wycombe	21 February 1896^1	Viscount Curzon		Viscount Curzon		Treasurer of the Household^2
Brixton	30 January 1896	Marquess of Carmarthen		Evelyn Hubbard		Succession to the peerage
St Pancras South	28 January 1896	Sir Julian Goldsmid		Herbert Merton Jessel		Death
Belfast North	22 January 1896	Sir Edward Harland		Sir James Horner Haslett		Death
Dublin University	2–6 December 1895	David Robert Plunket		William Edward Hartpole Lecky		Elevation to the peerage
Harrow	30 November 1895^1	William Ambrose		William Ambrose		Attorney-General of the Duchy of Lancaster^2
Liverpool East Toxteth	29 November 1895^1	Henry de Worms		Augustus Frederick Warr		Elevation to the peerage
Kensington South	28 November 1895^1	Sir Algernon Borthwick		Lord Lovaine		Elevation to the peerage
West Waterford	12 September 1895^1	Alfred Webb		James John Shee		Resignation
Limerick City^4	11 September 1895	John Daly		Francis Arthur O'Keefe		Disqualification
South Kerry	5 September 1895	Denis Kilbride		Thomas Joseph Farrell		Chose to sit for North Galway
Dublin St Stephen's Green	2 September 1895	William Kenny		William Kenny		Solicitor General for Ireland^2
Inverness Burghs	31 August 1895^1	Robert Finlay		Robert Finlay		Solicitor General^2
West Cavan	2 August 1895^1	Edmund Francis Vesey Knox		James Patrick Farrell		Chose to sit for Londonderry City
^1 An uncontested by-election. ^2 Seat vacated on appointment to the office noted. ^3 Gain not retained at the 1900 general election. ^4 Gain retained at the 1900 UK general election. ^5 Gain in 1898 retained at the 1899 Southport by-election, but not retained at the 1900 general election. ^6 One gain (Runciman) not retained and one gain (Emmott) retained at the 1900 UK general election, in the two member Oldham constituency.
25th Parliament (1892–1895)
By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause
Ealing	8 July 1895^1	Lord George Hamilton		Lord George Hamilton		Secretary of State for India^2
Sleaford	6 July 1895^1	Henry Chaplin		Henry Chaplin		President of the Local Government Board^2
Blackpool	6 July 1895^1	Sir Matthew Ridley		Sir Matthew Ridley		Secretary of State for the Home Department^2
Croydon	5 July 1895^1	Charles Thomson Ritchie		Charles Thomson Ritchie		President of the Board of Trade^2
Manchester East	1 July 1895^1	Arthur Balfour		Arthur Balfour		First Lord of the Treasury^2
Bristol West	1 July 1895^1	Sir Michael Hicks Beach		Sir Michael Hicks Beach		Chancellor of the Exchequer^2
Birmingham West	1 July 1895^1	Joseph Chamberlain		Joseph Chamberlain		Secretary of State for the Colonies^2
St George's Hanover Square	29 June 1895^1	George Goschen		George Goschen		First Lord of the Admiralty^2
Cork City	27 June 1895	William O'Brien		J. F. X. O'Brien		Resignation
Inverness-shire^4	13 June 1895	Donald MacGregor		James Evan Bruce Baillie		Resignation
Chorley	7 June 1895^1	Randle Joseph Feilden		Lord Balniel		Death
Edinburgh West	29 May 1895	Viscount Wolmer		Lewis McIver		Succession to a peerage
Croydon	24 May 1895^1	Sidney Herbert		Charles Thomson Ritchie		Succession to a peerage
Warwick and Leamington	23 May 1895	Arthur Wellesley Peel		Alfred Lyttelton		Elevation to the peerage
West Dorset	14 May 1895	Henry Richard Farquharson		Robert Williams		Death
Newington Walworth^4	14 May 1895	William Saunders		Sir James Bailey		Death
Leeds East	30 April 1895	John Lawrence Gane		Thomas Richmond Leuty		Death
East Wicklow	26 April 1895	John Sweetman		Edward Peter O'Kelly		Seeks re-election upon becoming a Parnellite Nationalist
Mid Norfolk	23 April 1895	Clement Higgins		Robert Gurdon		Resignation
Oxford	20 April 1895	Sir George Tomkyns Chesney		Viscount Valentia		Death
Bristol East	21 March 1895	Sir Joseph Dodge Weston		Sir William Henry Wills		Death
Colchester^4	19 February 1895	Herbert Naylor-Leyland		Weetman Dickinson Pearson		Resignation
Paddington South	9 February 1895^1	Lord Randolph Churchill		George Fardell		Death
Evesham	22 January 1895	Sir Edmund Lechmere		Charles Wigram Long		Death
Brigg^3	7 December 1894	Samuel Danks Waddy		John Maunsell Richardson		Resignation (Recorder of Sheffield)
Forfarshire^3	17 November 1894	Sir John Rigby		Charles Maule Ramsay		Resignation (Lord Justice of Appeal)
York	14 November 1894^1	Frank Lockwood		Frank Lockwood		Solicitor General for England and Wales^2
Sutherland	26 October 1894^1	Angus Sutherland		John MacLeod		Resignation (Chairman of the Fishery Board for Scotland)
Birkenhead	17 October 1894	Viscount Bury		Elliott Lees		Succession to a peerage
South Kilkenny	7 September 1894^1	Patrick Chance		Samuel Morris		Resignation
Leicester	29 August 1894	Sir James Whitehead		Henry Broadhurst		Resignation
		James Allanson Picton		Walter Hazell
Chichester	16 August 1894^1	Lord Walter Gordon-Lennox		Lord Edmund Bernard Talbot		Resignation
Sheffield Attercliffe	5 July 1894	Bernard John Seymour Coleridge		J. Batty Langley		Succession to a peerage
Dumfries Burghs	7 May 1894^1	Robert Reid		Robert Reid		Solicitor General for England and Wales^2
Hackney South	7 May 1894	Sir Charles Russell		John Fletcher Moulton		Resignation
Mid Lanarkshire	5 April 1894	John Wynford Philipps		James Caldwell		Resignation
Wisbech	3 April 1894	Arthur Brand		Arthur Brand		Treasurer of the Household^2
Romford	2 April 1894	James Theobald		Alfred Money Wigram		Death
Berwickshire	29 March 1894	Edward Marjoribanks		Harold Tennant		Succession to a peerage
Montgomeryshire	29 March 1894	Stuart Rendel		Arthur Humphreys-Owen		Elevation to the peerage
Hawick Burghs	27 March 1894	Thomas Shaw		Thomas Shaw		Solicitor General for Scotland^2
Leith Burghs	26 March 1894	Ronald Munro-Ferguson		Ronald Munro-Ferguson		Lord Commissioner of the Treasury^2
Leeds West	16 March 1894^1	Herbert Gladstone		Herbert Gladstone		First Commissioner of Works^2
Horncastle	11 January 1894	Edward Stanhope		Lord Willoughby de Eresby		Death
Accrington	21 December 1893	Joseph Francis Leese		Joseph Francis Leese		Recorder of Manchester^2
Brighton	14 December 1893^1	Sir William Thackeray Marriott		Bruce Canning Vernon-Wentworth		Resignation
South Wexford	30 November 1893^1	John Barry		Peter Ffrench		Resignation
Hereford^4	15 August 1893	William Grenfell		Charles Wallwyn Radcliffe Cooke		Resignation
West Mayo	8 August 1893^1	John Deasy		Robert Ambrose		Resignation
Cardiganshire	4 July 1893^1	William Bowen Rowlands		William Bowen Rowlands		Recorder of Swansea^2
South East Cork	28 June 1893^1	John Morrogh		Andrew Commins		Resignation
North East Cork	28 June 1893^1	Michael Davitt		William Abraham		Resignation
Pontefract	26 June 1893	Harold James Reckitt		Sir Thomas Willans Nussey		Void election
Swansea District	19 June 1893^1	Sir Henry Hussey Vivian		William Williams		Elevation to the peerage
Linlithgowshire^3	15 June 1893	Peter McLagan		Thomas Hope		Resignation
Banffshire	15 March 1893	Robert William Duff		Sir William Wedderburn		Resignation
Great Grimsby^3	6 March 1893	Henri Josse		Edward Heneage		Resignation
Mid Tipperary	24 February 1893^1	John McCarthy		James Francis Hogan		Death
Horsham	24 February 1893	Sir Walter Barttelot		John Heywood Johnstone		Death
Gateshead	24 February 1893	Walter Henry James		William Allan		Succession to a peerage
Cirencester^5	23 February 1893	Thomas Chester-Master		Harry Lawson Webster Lawson		Void election
Stockport	22 February 1893	Louis John Jennings		George Whiteley		Death
North Meath	21 February 1893	Michael Davitt		James Gibney		Election declared void
South Meath	17 February 1893	Patrick Fulham		Jeremiah Jordan		Election declared void
Hexham^3	17 February 1893	Nathaniel George Clayton		Miles MacInnes		Void election
Pontefract^4	13 February 1893	Rowland Winn		Harold James Reckitt		Succession to a peerage
Walsall^3	9 February 1893	Frank James		Sir Arthur Divett Hayter		Void election
Halifax	9 February 1893	Thomas Shaw		William Rawson Shaw		Death
North East Cork	8 February 1893^1	William O'Brien		Michael Davitt		Chose to sit for Cork City
Rochester	8 February 1893^1	Horatio David Davies		Viscount Cranborne		Void election
Burnley	6 February 1893	Jabez Balfour		Philip Stanhope		Resignation
Huddersfield^3	4 February 1893	William Summers		Sir Joseph Crosland		Death
Liverpool West Derby	10 January 1893	William Henry Cross		Walter Hume Long		Death
East Aberdeenshire	10 December 1892	Peter Esslemont		Thomas Buchanan		Resignation (Chairman of the Fishery Board for Scotland)
Cirencester^5	13 October 1892	Arthur Brend Winterbotham		Thomas Chester-Master		Death
Luton	29 September 1892	Cyril Flower		Samuel Howard Whitbread		Elevation to the peerage
Leeds South	22 September 1892	Sir Lyon Playfair		John Lawson Walton		Elevation to the peerage
Saffron Walden	19 September 1892^1	Herbert Gardner		Herbert Gardner		President of the Board of Agriculture^2
Dundee	9 September 1892^1	Edmund Robertson		Edmund Robertson		Civil Lord of the Admiralty^2
Merionethshire	26 August 1892^1	Thomas Edward Ellis		Thomas Edward Ellis		Lord Commissioner of the Treasury^2
East Fife	25 August 1892^1	H. H. Asquith		H. H. Asquith		Secretary of State for the Home Department^2
Clackmannanshire and Kinross-shire	25 August 1892^1	John Balfour		John Balfour		Lord Advocate^2
Stirling Burghs	25 August 1892^1	Henry Campbell-Bannerman		Henry Campbell-Bannerman		Secretary of State for War^2
Elgin Burghs	25 August 1892^1	Alexander Asher		Alexander Asher		Solicitor General for Scotland^2
Newcastle-upon-Tyne	25 August 1892	John Morley		John Morley		Chief Secretary for Ireland^2
Rotherham	25 August 1892^1	Arthur Dyke Acland		Arthur Dyke Acland		Vice President of the Committee of Council on Education^2
Forfarshire	24 August 1892^1	John Rigby		John Rigby		Solicitor General for England and Wales^2
Midlothian (or Edinburghshire)	24 August 1892^1	William Ewart Gladstone		William Ewart Gladstone		Prime Minister, First Lord of the Treasury, Lord Privy Seal^2
Glasgow Bridgeton	24 August 1892^1	Sir George Trevelyan		Sir George Trevelyan		Secretary for Scotland^2
Mid Northamptonshire	24 August 1892^1	Charles Spencer		Charles Spencer		Vice-Chamberlain of the Household^2
Nottingham East	24 August 1892^1	Arnold Morley		Arnold Morley		Postmaster General^2
Derby	24 August 1892	Sir William Vernon Harcourt		Sir William Vernon Harcourt		Chancellor of the Exchequer^2
Aberdeen South	23 August 1892^1	James Bryce		James Bryce		Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster^2
St Austell	23 August 1892^1	William Alexander McArthur		William Alexander McArthur		Lord Commissioner of the Treasury^2
Wolverhampton East	23 August 1892^1	Henry Fowler		Henry Fowler		President of the Local Government Board^2
Stoke-upon-Trent	23 August 1892^1	George Leveson-Gower		George Leveson-Gower		Comptroller of the Household^2
Sheffield Brightside	23 August 1892^1	Anthony John Mundella		Anthony John Mundella		President of the Board of Trade^2
Bury St Edmunds	23 August 1892^1	Lord Francis Hervey		Viscount Chelsea		Resignation (Civil Service Commissioner)
Bradford Central	23 August 1892^1	George Shaw-Lefevre		George Shaw-Lefevre		First Commissioner of Works^2
Southwark West	23 August 1892^1	Richard Knight Causton		Richard Knight Causton		Lord Commissioner of the Treasury^2
Hackney South	23 August 1892^1	Sir Charles Russell		Sir Charles Russell		Attorney General for England and Wales^2
Holborn	12 August 1892^1	Gainsford Bruce		Sir Charles Hall		Resignation (High Court Judge)
^1 An uncontested by-election. ^2 Seat vacated on appointment to the office noted. ^3 Gain not retained at the 1895 UK general election. ^4 Gain retained at the 1895 UK general election. ^5 Cirencester was won by the Liberal Party at the 1892 general election, by the Conservative Party at the 1892 Cirencester by-election, by the Liberal Party at the 1893 Cirencester by-election, and by the Conservative Party at the 1895 general election.
24th Parliament (1886–1892)
By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause
Hackney North	11 May 1892	Sir Lewis Pelly		William Robert Bousfield		Death
Chelmsford	30 April 1892^1	William James Beadel		Thomas Usborne		Death
East Worcestershire	30 March 1892^1	George Woodyatt Hastings		Joseph Austen Chamberlain		Expelled after a criminal conviction
Kirkcaldy Burghs	11 March 1892	Sir George Campbell		James Henry Dalziel		Death
North Wexford^4	11 March 1892^1	John Edward Redmond		Thomas Joseph Healy		Resignation in order to contest Cork City
Belfast East	9 March 1892	Edward de Cobain		Gustav Wilhelm Wolff		Expelled after a criminal conviction
South Derbyshire	4 March 1892	Henry Wardle		Harrington Evans Broad		Death
Chertsey	3 March 1892	Frederick Alers Hankey		Charles Harvey Combe		Death
Liverpool Everton	15 February 1892^1	Edward Whitley		John Archibald Willox		Death
Rossendale^4	23 January 1892	Marquess of Hartington		John Henry Maden		Succession to a peerage
Waterford City	23 December 1891	Richard Power		John Edward Redmond		Death
Mid Armagh	17 December 1891^1	Sir James Porter Corry		Dunbar Plunket Barton		Death
Chichester	9 December 1891^1	Lord Walter Gordon-Lennox		Lord Walter Gordon-Lennox		Treasurer of the Household^2
East Dorset	27 November 1891	George Hawkesworth Bond		Humphrey Napier Sturt		Death
Leeds North	23 November 1891^1	William Lawies Jackson		William Lawies Jackson		Chief Secretary for Ireland^2
South Molton^4	13 November 1891	Viscount Lymington		George Lambert		Succession to a peerage
Cork City^4	6 November 1891	Charles Stewart Parnell		Martin Flavin		Death
North Kilkenny	29 October 1891^1	Sir John Pope-Hennessy		Patrick McDermott		Death
Strand	27 October 1891	William Henry Smith		William Frederick Danvers Smith		Death
Cambridge University	9 October 1891^1	Henry Cecil Raikes		Sir Richard Claverhouse Jebb		Death
Buteshire	9 October 1891	James Robertson		Andrew Murray		Resignation (Lord Justice General)
Manchester North East	8 October 1891	Sir James Fergusson		Sir James Fergusson		Postmaster General^2
Lewisham	26 August 1891	Viscount Lewisham		John Penn		Succession to a peerage
Walsall	12 August 1891	Sir Charles Forster		Edward Thomas Holden		Death
Wisbech^4	23 July 1891	Charles William Selwyn		Arthur Brand		Resignation
County Carlow	7 July 1891	James Patrick Mahon		John Hammond		Death
City of London	3 June 1891^1	Sir Robert Nicholas Fowler		Sir Reginald Hanson		Death
West Derbyshire	2 June 1891^1	Lord Edward Cavendish		Victor Christian William Cavendish		Death
Paisley	1 June 1891	William Boyle Barbour		William Dunn		Death
Buckingham	28 May 1891	Edmund Hope Verney		Herbert Samuel Leon		Expelled after a criminal conviction
Strand	12 May 1891^1	William Henry Smith		William Henry Smith		Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports^2
Harborough^4	8 May 1891	Thomas Keay Tapling		John William Logan		Death
South Dorset	7 May 1891	Charles Joseph Theophilus Hambro		William Ernest Brymer		Death
Stowmarket^4	5 May 1891	Edward Greene		Sydney Stern		Death
Whitehaven	24 April 1891	George Cavendish-Bentinck		Sir James Bain		Death
Woodstock	21 April 1891	Francis William Maclean		George Herbert Morrell		Resignation (Master in Lunacy)
City of London	18 April 1891^1	Thomas Charles Baring		Hucks Gibbs		Death
North Sligo	2 April 1891	Peter McDonald		Bernard Collery		Death
Aston Manor	20 March 1891	George Kynoch		George William Grice-Hutchinson		Death
Northampton	12 February 1891	Charles Bradlaugh		Moses Philip Manfield		Death
The Hartlepools^4	21 January 1891	Thomas Richardson		Christopher Furness		Death
North Kilkenny	22 December 1890	Edward Purcell Mulhallen Marum		Sir John Pope-Hennessy	(Anti-Parnellite)	Death
Bassetlaw	15 December 1890	William Beckett-Denison		Frederick George Milner		Death
Edinburgh and St Andrews Universities	12 November 1890^1			Sir Charles John Pearson		Resignation (Senator of the College of Justice)
Eccles^4	22 October 1890	Alfred John Francis Egerton		Henry John Roby		Death
East Carmarthenshire	8 August 1890^1	David Pugh		Abel Thomas		Death
Mid Durham	17 July 1890	William Crawford		John Wilson		Death
Barrow-in-Furness^3	2 July 1890	William Sproston Caine		James Duncan		Resigned to restand as an Independent Liberal
North Donegal	25 June 1890^1	James Edward O'Doherty		James Rochfort Maguire		Resignation
West Donegal	30 May 1890^1	Patrick O'Hea		James Joseph Dalton		Resignation
Mid Tipperary	15 May 1890^1	Thomas Mayne		Henry Harrison		Resignation
East Galway	14 May 1890^1	Matthew Harris		John Roche		Death
Bristol East	9 May 1890	Handel Cossham		Joseph Dodge Weston		Death
Caernarvon Boroughs^4	10 April 1890	Edward Swetenham		David Lloyd George		Death
Windsor	2 April 1890	Robert Richardson-Gardner		Francis Tress Barry		Resignation
West Cavan	26 March 1890^1	Joseph Gillis Biggar		Edmund Francis Vesey Knox		Death
East Down	25 March 1890^1	Richard William Blackwood Ker		James Alexander Rentoul		Resignation
Ayr Burghs^5	25 March 1890	John Sinclair		James Somervell		Resignation
Stoke-upon-Trent	14 March 1890	William Leatham Bright		George Leveson-Gower		Resignation
Stamford	7 March 1890	John Compton Lawrance		Henry John Cockayne Cust		Resignation (High Court Judge)
St Pancras North^4	4 March 1890	Charles Cochrane-Baillie		Thomas Henry Bolton		Succession to a peerage
West Waterford	24 February 1890^1	Jasper Douglas Pyne		Alfred Webb		Death
Mid Glamorganshire	20 February 1890^1	Christopher Rice Mansel Talbot		Samuel Thomas Evans		Death
Partick	11 February 1890	Alexander Craig Sellar		James Parker Smith		Death
Brighton	25 October 1889	Sir William Tindal Robertson		Gerald Walter Erskine Loder		Death
Buckingham^4	11 October 1889	Egerton Hubbard		Edmund Hope Verney		Succession to a peerage
Elginshire and Nairnshire	8 October 1889	Charles Henry Anderson		John Seymour Keay		Death
Peterborough^4	7 October 1889	John Wentworth-FitzWilliam		Alpheus Cleophas Morton		Death
Sleaford	26 September 1889	Henry Chaplin		Henry Chaplin		President of the Board of Agriculture^2
Dundee	25 September 1889^1	Joseph Firth Bottomley Firth		John Leng		Death
Belfast North	12 August 1889^1	Sir William Ewart		Edward James Harland		Death
Marylebone East	19 July 1889	Lord Charles Beresford		Edmund Boulnois		Resignation
West Carmarthenshire	17 July 1889	Walter Rice Howell Powell		John Lloyd Morgan		Death
Dover	12 July 1889^1	Alexander George Dickson		George Wyndham		Death
West Fife	5 July 1889	Robert Preston Bruce		Augustine Birrell		Resignation
South East Cork	3 June 1889^1	John Hooper		John Morrogh		Resignation
Rochester^3	16 April 1889	Francis Charles Hughes-Hallett		Edward Knatchbull-Hugessen		Resignation
Birmingham Central	15 April 1889	John Bright		John Albert Bright		Death
Enfield	30 March 1889	Viscount Folkestone		Henry Ferryman Bowles		Succession to a peerage
Gorton	22 March 1889	Richard Peacock		William Mather		Death
Kennington^4	15 March 1889	Robert Gent-Davis		Mark Hanbury Beaufoy		Resignation
Barnsley	11 March 1889	Courtney Stanhope Kenny		Earl Compton		Resignation
Burnley	27 February 1889^1	John Slagg		Jabez Balfour		Resignation
East Perthshire	19 February 1889	Robert Stewart Menzies		Sir John Kinloch		Death
Govan^4	18 January 1889	Sir William Pearce		John Wilson		Death
Stockton-on-Tees	21 December 1888	Joseph Dodds		Sir Horace Davey		Resignation
Colchester	18 December 1888	Henry John Trotter		Lord Brooke		Death
Maidstone	14 December 1888	Alexander Henry Ross		Fiennes Cornwallis		Death
Holborn	29 November 1888	Francis Duncan		Gainsford Bruce		Death
Dewsbury	16 November 1888	Sir John Simon		Mark Oldroyd		Resignation
Edinburgh and St Andrews Universities	6 November 1888^1	John Hay Athole Macdonald				Resignation (Lord Justice Clerk)
Merthyr Tydfil^6	26 October 1888	Henry Richard		William Pritchard Morgan		Death
Liverpool West Derby	10 August 1888^1	Lord Claud John Hamilton		William Henry Cross		Resignation
South Sligo	6 July 1888^1	Edward Joseph Kennedy		Edmund Leamy		Resignation
South Longford	30 June 1888^1	Laurence Connolly		James Gubbins Fitzgerald		Resignation
Isle of Thanet	29 June 1888	Edward Robert King-Harman		James Lowther		Death
Ayr Burghs^5	15 June 1888	Richard Frederick Fotheringham Campbell		John Sinclair		Death
Southampton^4	23 May 1888	Sir John Edmund Commerell		Francis Henry Evans		Resignation
Dublin St Stephen's Green^7	12 May 1888	Edmund Dwyer Gray		Thomas Alexander Dickson		Death
Mid Lanarkshire	27 April 1888	Stephen Mason		John Wynford Philipps		Resignation
Limerick City	17 April 1888^1	Henry Joseph Gill		Francis Arthur O'Keefe		Resignation
Gower	27 March 1888	Frank Ash Yeo		David Randell		Death
Melton	21 March 1888^1	Lord John Manners		Marquess of Granby		Succession to a peerage
Merthyr Tydfil	14 March 1888^1	Charles Herbert James		David Alfred Thomas		Resignation
Chichester	14 March 1888^1	Earl of March		Lord Walter Gordon-Lennox		Resignation
Deptford	29 February 1888	William John Evelyn		Charles John Darling		Resignation
Hampstead	28 February 1888^1	Sir Henry Holland		Edward Brodie Hoare		Elevation to the peerage
Doncaster^3	23 February 1888	Walter Shirley Shirley		William Wentworth-Fitzwilliam		Resignation
Bristol West	20 February 1888^1	Sir Michael Hicks Beach		Sir Michael Hicks Beach		President of the Board of Trade^2
Edinburgh West^3	18 February 1888	Thomas Ryburn Buchanan		Thomas Ryburn Buchanan		Resigned to restand as a Liberal
Southwark West	17 February 1888	Arthur Cohen		Richard Knight Causton		Resignation
Dundee	16 February 1888	Charles Carmichael Lacaita		Joseph Firth Bottomley Firth		Resignation
Liverpool Walton	3 February 1888^1	John George Gibson		Miles Walker Mattinson		Resignation (Irish High Court Judge)
Dublin University	3 February 1888^1	Dodgson Hamilton Madden		Dodgson Hamilton Madden		Solicitor General for Ireland^2
Winchester	5 January 1888	Arthur Loftus Tottenham		Richard Moss		Death
Dulwich	1 December 1887	John Morgan Howard		John Blundell Maple		Resignation (County Court Judge)
Cambridge University	17 November 1887^1	Alexander Beresford Hope		Sir George Gabriel Stokes		Death
South Kerry	27 September 1887^1	John O'Connor		Denis Kilbride		Resignation
Ramsey	30 August 1887	William Fellowes		Ailwyn Fellowes		Elevation to the peerage
County Carlow	24 August 1887^1	John Aloysius Blake		James Patrick Mahon		Death
Northwich^4	13 August 1887	Robert Verdin		John Tomlinson Brunner		Death
Glasgow Bridgeton	2 August 1887	Sir Edward Richard Russell		Sir George Otto Trevelyan		Resignation
Forest of Dean	29 July 1887	Thomas Blake		Godfrey Blundell Samuelson		Resignation
City of London	27 July 1887^1	John Gellibrand Hubbard		Thomas Charles Baring		Elevation to the peerage
Hornsey	19 July 1887	Sir James McGarel-Hogg		Henry Charles Stephens		Elevation to the peerage
Brixton	19 July 1887	Ernest Baggallay		Marquess of Carmarthen		Resignation
Basingstoke	18 July 1887	George Sclater-Booth		Arthur Frederick Jeffreys		Elevation to the peerage
Dublin University	12 July 1887	Hugh Holmes		Dodgson Hamilton Madden		Resignation (Irish High Court Judge)
St Ives	9 July 1887^1	Sir John St Aubyn		Thomas Bedford Bolitho		Elevation to the peerage
Coventry^4	9 July 1887	Henry William Eaton		William Henry Walter Ballantine		Elevation to the peerage
Paddington North	8 July 1887	Lionel Cohen		John Aird		Death
Spalding^4	1 July 1887	Murray Finch-Hatton		Halley Stewart		Succession to a peerage
St Austell	18 May 1887	William Copeland Borlase		William Alexander McArthur		Resignation
North East Cork	16 May 1887^1	Edmund Leamy		William O'Brien		Resignation
Taunton	23 April 1887	Samuel Charles Allsopp		Alfred Percy Allsopp		Succession to a peerage
Ilkeston	24 March 1887	Thomas Watson		Sir Balthazar Walter Foster		Death
Burnley^4	19 February 1887	Peter Rylands		John Slagg		Death
North Antrim	11 February 1887	Edward Macnaghten		Sir Charles Edward Lewis		Resignation (Lord of Appeal in Ordinary)
St George's Hanover Square	9 February 1887	Lord Algernon Percy		George Goschen		Resignation
South Sligo	7 February 1887^1	Thomas Sexton		Edward Joseph Kennedy		Chose to sit for Belfast West
North Longford	5 February 1887^1	Justin McCarthy		Timothy Michael Healy		Chose to sit for Londonderry City
Dartford	2 February 1887^1	Sir William Hart Dyke		Sir William Hart Dyke		Vice President of the Committee of Council on Education^2
South Donegal	2 February 1887	Bernard Kelly		John Gordon Swift MacNeill		Death
Liverpool Exchange	26 January 1887	David Duncan		Ralph Neville		Death
Brentford	23 December 1886	Octavius Edward Coope		James Bigwood		Death
Brighton	29 November 1886^1	David Smith		Dr William Tindal Robertson		Death
King's Lynn	25 August 1886	Robert Bourke		Alexander Weston Jarvis		Resignation (Governor of Madras
Leith Burghs	20 August 1886	William Ewart Gladstone		Ronald Munro-Ferguson		Chose to sit for Midlothian (or Edinburghshire)
Burton	20 August 1886	Sir Michael Bass		Sydney Evershed		Elevation to the peerage
Blackpool	20 August 1886	Sir Frederick Stanley		Sir Matthew Ridley		President of the Board of Trade^2 and elevation to the peerage
North Northamptonshire	16 August 1886^1	Lord Burghley		Lord Burghley		Parliamentary Groom in Waiting^2
Newton	16 August 1886	Richard Assheton Cross		Thomas Wodehouse Legh		Secretary of State for India^2 and elevation to the peerage
Edinburgh and St Andrews Universities	13 August 1886^1	John Hay Athole Macdonald				Lord Advocate^2
Cambridge University	13 August 1886^1	Henry Cecil Raikes		Henry Cecil Raikes		Postmaster General^2
Melton	13 August 1886^1	Lord John Manners		Lord John Manners		Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster^2
Dublin University	13 August 1886^1	David Robert Plunket		David Robert Plunket		First Commissioner of Works^2
		Hugh Holmes		Hugh Holmes		Attorney General for Ireland^2
West Down	13 August 1886^1	Lord Arthur William Hill		Lord Arthur William Hill		Comptroller of the Household^2
Wigtownshire	12 August 1886^1	Sir Herbert Eustace Maxwell		Sir Herbert Eustace Maxwell		Lord Commissioner of the Treasury^2
Buteshire	12 August 1886^1	James Robertson		James Robertson		Solicitor General for Scotland^2
Enfield	12 August 1886^1	Viscount Folkestone		Viscount Folkestone		Treasurer of the Household^2
Ealing	12 August 1886^1	Lord George Hamilton		Lord George Hamilton		First Lord of the Admiralty^2
Horncastle	12 August 1886^1	Edward Stanhope		Edward Stanhope		Secretary of State for the Colonies^2
Isle of Wight	12 August 1886^1	Sir Richard Webster		Sir Richard Webster		Attorney General for England and Wales^2
Tiverton	12 August 1886^1	William Walrond		William Walrond		Lord Commissioner of the Treasury^2
St George's, Tower Hamlets	12 August 1886	Charles Thomson Ritchie		Charles Thomson Ritchie		President of the Local Government Board^2
Sheffield Ecclesall	11 August 1886^1	Ellis Ashmead-Bartlett		Ellis Ashmead-Bartlett		Civil Lord of the Admiralty^2
Plymouth	11 August 1886^1	Edward Clarke		Edward Clarke		Solicitor General for England and Wales^2
Manchester East	11 August 1886^1	Arthur Balfour		Arthur Balfour		Secretary for Scotland^2
Liverpool Walton	11 August 1886^1	John George Gibson		John George Gibson		Solicitor General for Ireland^2
Croydon	11 August 1886^1	Sidney Herbert		Sidney Herbert		Lord Commissioner of the Treasury^2
Bristol West	11 August 1886^1	Sir Michael Hicks Beach		Sir Michael Hicks Beach		Chief Secretary for Ireland^2
Brighton	11 August 1886^1	William Thackeray Marriott		William Thackeray Marriott		Judge Advocate General^2
Birmingham East	11 August 1886^1	Henry Matthews		Henry Matthews		Secretary of State for the Home Department^2
Strand	11 August 1886^1	William Henry Smith		William Henry Smith		Secretary of State for War^2
Paddington South	11 August 1886^1	Lord Randolph Churchill		Lord Randolph Churchill		Chancellor of the Exchequer^2
Marylebone East	11 August 1886^1	Lord Charles Beresford		Lord Charles Beresford		Junior Naval Lord^2
Lewisham	11 August 1886^1	Viscount Lewisham		Viscount Lewisham		Vice-Chamberlain of the Household^2
Hampstead	11 August 1886^1	Sir Henry Holland		Sir Henry Holland		Vice President of the Committee of Council on Education^2
^1 An uncontested by-election. ^2 Seat vacated on appointment to the office noted. ^3 Gain not retained at the 1892 UK general election. ^4 Gain retained at the 1892 UK general election. ^5 Ayr Burghs was won by the Liberal Unionist Party at the 1886 general election, by the Liberal Party at the 1888 Ayr Burghs by-election, by the Conservative Party at the 1890 Ayr Burghs by-election, and by the Liberal Party at the 1892 general election. ^6 Seat retained by the candidate, at the 1892 general election, using a different party label. ^7 This was only technically a gain, as Dickson was nominated by the Irish Parliamentary Party, though without signing the usual 'pledge' to vote with them.
23rd Parliament (1885–1886)
By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause
Bradford Central	21 April 1886	William Edward Forster		George Shaw-Lefevre		Death
Clitheroe	19 April 1886^[1]	Ughtred Kay-Shuttleworth		Ughtred Kay-Shuttleworth		Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster^[2]
Ipswich^[3]	14 April 1886	Henry Wyndham West		Charles Dalrymple		Void election
		Jesse Collings		Lord Elcho
Norwich	7 April 1886	Harry Bullard		Samuel Hoare		Void election
Barrow-in-Furness	6 April 1886	David Duncan		William Sproston Caine		Void Election
Halifax	3 April 1886	Sir James Stansfeld		Sir James Stansfeld		President of the Local Government Board
Altrincham	26 March 1886	John Baguley Brooks		Sir William Cunliffe Brooks		Death
Flintshire	2 March 1886	Lord Richard de Aquila Grosvenor		Samuel Smith		Resignation
Battersea	1 March 1886	Octavius Vaughan Morgan		Octavius Vaughan Morgan		Sought re-election to pre-empt disqualification
Cardiff Boroughs	27 February 1886	Sir Edward James Reed		Sir Edward James Reed		Junior Lord of the Treasury
South Somerset	24 February 1886	Viscount Kilcoursie		Viscount Kilcoursie		Vice-Chamberlain of the Household
Grantham	23 February 1886	John William Mellor		John William Mellor		Judge Advocate General
Clackmannanshire and Kinross-shire	13 February 1886	John Balfour		John Balfour		Lord Advocate
Berwickshire	13 February 1886	Edward Marjoribanks		Edward Marjoribanks		Comptroller of the Household
Banffshire	13 February 1886	Robert William Duff		Robert William Duff		Civil Lord of the Admiralty
Luton	13 February 1886	Cyril Flower		Cyril Flower		Junior Lord of the Treasury
Great Grimsby	13 February 1886	Edward Heneage		Edward Heneage		Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
Queen's County Ossory	12 February 1886	Arthur O'Connor		Stephen O'Mara		Chose to sit for East Donegal
Elgin Burghs	12 February 1886	Alexander Asher		Alexander Asher		Solicitor General for Scotland
North West Staffordshire	12 February 1886	George Leveson-Gower		George Leveson-Gower		Junior Lord of the Treasury
Mid Northamptonshire	12 February 1886	Charles Robert Spencer		Charles Robert Spencer		Parliamentary Groom in Waiting
Newcastle-upon-Tyne	12 February 1886	John Morley		John Morley		Chief Secretary for Ireland
Leeds South	12 February 1886	Sir Lyon Playfair		Sir Lyon Playfair		Vice President of the Committee of Council on Education
Galway Borough	11 February 1886	Thomas Power O'Connor		William Henry O'Shea^[4]		Chose to sit for Liverpool Scotland
Hackney South	11 February 1886	Charles Russell		Charles Russell		Attorney General for England and Wales
Hawick Burghs	10 February 1886	George Otto Trevelyan		George Otto Trevelyan		Secretary for Scotland
Midlothian	10 February 1886	William Ewart Gladstone		William Ewart Gladstone		Prime Minister, First Lord of the Treasury, Lord Privy Seal
North Monaghan	10 February 1886	Timothy Michael Healy		Patrick O'Brien		Chose to sit for South Londonderry
Stirling Burghs	10 February 1886	Henry Campbell-Bannerman		Henry Campbell-Bannerman		Secretary of State for War
Birmingham West	9 February 1886	Joseph Chamberlain		Joseph Chamberlain		President of the Local Government Board
Derby	9 February 1886	Sir William Vernon Harcourt		Sir William Vernon Harcourt		Chancellor of the Exchequer
Edinburgh South	9 February 1886	Hugh Culling Eardley Childers		Hugh Culling Eardley Childers		Secretary of State for the Home Department
Sheffield Brightside	9 February 1886	Anthony John Mundella		Anthony John Mundella		President of the Board of Trade
Mid Armagh	1 February 1886	John McKane		Sir James Porter Corry		Death
County Carlow	29 January 1886	Edmund Dwyer Gray		John Aloysius Blake		Chose to sit for Dublin St Stephen's Green
Edinburgh South	29 January 1886	Sir George Harrison		Hugh Culling Eardley Childers		Death
Croydon	27 January 1886	William Grantham		Sidney Herbert		Resignation (High Court Judge)

References

• • F. W. S. Craig, British Parliamentary Election Statistics 1832-1987
• F. W. S. Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918
• F. W. S. Craig, Chronology of British Parliamentary By-elections 1833-1987
• Book: Parliamentary Election Results in Ireland, 1801–1922. B.M.. Walker. Royal Irish Academy. 1978. Dublin. 0901714127.

Notes and References

1. An uncontested by-election.
2. Seat vacated on appointment to the office noted.
3. Gain retained at the 1886 UK general election.
4. The biographical article on William Henry O'Shea suggests he was not a member of the Irish Parliamentary Party. However, Walker classifies O'Shea as a Nationalist candidate which, for someone standing at an election in 1886, implies membership of the Irish Parliamentary Party.