List of leading Thoroughbred racehorses explained

The list of leading Thoroughbred racehorses contains the names of undefeated racehorses and other horses that had an outstanding race record in specific categories. Note though that many champions do not appear on the list as an unexpected defeat may be caused by many factors such as injury, illness, going, racing tactics and differences in weight carried, the latter being particularly significant in North America and Australia where handicaps are common even at the highest level of racing.

It is common to compare racehorses on multiple factors such as their overall race record, the quality of the horses they beat and the brilliance of their wins. Comparison of raw times is generally unreliable between horses of different eras or even over different racecourses due to a variety of factors such as the racing surface and the pace at which the race is run. Timeform ratings, introduced in 1948,[1] and Beyer Speed Figures, introduced in the United States in 1992, are relatively recent attempts to compensate for such variables.[2] Thoroughbred Winning Brew holds the Guinness world record for the fastest speed from the starting gate for a Thoroughbred racehorse, at 70.76 km/h (43.97 mph) over two furlongs,[3] although Quarter Horses attain higher speeds over shorter distances than Thoroughbreds.[4] Such speeds may also be achieved by elite racehorses during the stretch drive.[5]

The two main forms of Thoroughbred horseracing are flat racing and hurdle or steeplechase (jumping) races over obstacles. Jumpers tend to be older than their flat racing counterparts[6] and can have much longer careers, making it possible to earn a large number of wins. For example, champion hurdler Hurricane Fly won a then-record 22 Grade One races over his ten-year career.[7]

Most race horses and race winners are male horses (either intact males or geldings). While male and female horses do not exhibit sexual dimorphism as obviously as human athletes, male horses are considered more aggressive racers and generally have a significant competitive advantage. At the highest level of racing though, intact males have great economic value at stud, so they are often retired after only a few years of racing.[8] In part because they may have longer racing careers, some of the most winning racehorses of all time are females, including Kincsem, Black Caviar, Winx, and Zenyatta.

Undefeated horses

Below is a list of Thoroughbred racehorses with an undefeated race record. The list is not comprehensive for otherwise unnotable horses with five or fewer starts.

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Wins
Horse
Bred
Details
Foaled
Pedigree and notes
54Hungarych m1874Cambuscan (GB) x Water Nymph by Cotswold[9]
25Black CaviarAustraliabr m 2006Bel Esprit x Helsinge by Desert Sun (GB)[10]
19United StatesB.f. 2003Desert God x Lady Pepper by Chili Pepper Pie[11]
18Great BritainCh.c. 1764Marske x Spilletta by Regulus[12] [13] [14]
18KarayelTurkey B.h. 1970Prince Tudor (GB) x Linda (TUR) by Cihangir (GB). Triple Crown winner.[15]
16Great BritainB.c. 1883Bend Or x Lily Agnes by Macaroni. Triple Crown winner.[16] [17]
16PrestigeFranceb c 1903Le Pompon x Orgueilleuse by Révérand[18]
16ItalyB.c. 1952Tenerani (ITY) x Romanella (ITY) by El Greco[19]
15United StatesBr.c. 1905Commando x Pastorella (GB) by Springfield[20]
15MacónArgentinaB.c. 1922Sandal (GB) x Bourgogne by Your Majesty[21] [22]
15Tsurumaru SundayJapanB.g. 1995 Sunday Silence x Tsurumaru Beppin by Sanei Tholan[23]
14FrankelGreat BritainB.c. 2008Galileo x Kind by Danehill[24]
14Great BritainB.c.1774 Herod x Rachel by Blank[25]
14NearcoItalyBr.c.1935 Pharos (GB) x Nogara by Havresac (FR)
13BarcaldineGreat BritainB.c.1878 Solon x Ballyroe by Belladrum[26]
13United States B.f.1984 Private Account x Grecian Banner by Hoist The Flag[27]
13TremontUnited StatesB.c.1884Virgil x Ann Fief by Alarm[28]
12ArdrossanGreat BritainB.c. 1809John Bull x Miss Whip by Volunteer[29]
12AsteroidUnited StatesB.c. 1861Lexington x Nebula by Glencoe (GB)[30]
12BraqueItalyB.h. 1954Antonio Canale x Buonamica by Niccolò dell'Arca[31]
12CrucifixGreat BritainB.f. 1837Priam x Octaviana by Octavian[32]
11GoldfinderGreat BritainB.c. 1764Snap x mare by Blank[33]
11Kurifuji (Toshifuji)JapanCh.f. 1940Tournesol (GB) x Kenfuji by Chapel Brampton (GB)[34]
10FreireChileCh.h.1927El Tango x Filibus by Eclair[35]
10HandsomchampUnited StatesGr./R h. 2002Fabulous Champ x Holly D by Hey Rob[36]
10NereideGermanyB.f. 1933Laland x Nella da Gabbio (ITY) by Grand Parade (GB)[37]
10Tokino MinoruJapanB.c. 1948Theft (IRE) x Daini Tyrant's Queen (GB) by Soldennis[38]
9BahramGreat BritainB.c. 1932Blandford x Friar's Daughter by Friar Marcus[39] Triple Crown winner.
9 CombatGreat BritainBr.c. 1944Big Game x Commotion by Mieuxce (FR)[40]
9Grand FlaneurAustraliaB.c. 1877Yattendon x First Lady (GB) by St. Albans[41]
9MosconaChileB.f.1986Mocito Guapo x Chispita by Chairman Walker[42]
9PatienceHungaryCh.f. 1902
9RegulusGreat BritainB.c. 1739Godolphin Arabian x Grey Robinson by Bald Galloway[43]
9Great BritainB.c. 1881Galopin x St. Angela by King Tom[44]
8AlipesGreat BritainBr. or b. f. 1757Regulus x Lusty by Locust[45]
8American EclipseUnited StatesCh.c. 1814Duroc x Miller's Damsel by Messenger[46]
8Bullets FeverUnited Statesgr.c. 2013Fiber Sonde x Ghost Canyon by Indian Charlie[47]
8FranceB.c 1942Tourbillon x Astronomie by Asterus
8La CressonniereFrance b.f. 2013Le Havre x Absolute Lady by Galileo[48]
8MaruzenskyJapanb. c. 1974Nijinsky II x Shill by Buckpasser[49]
8Rare Brick United StatesBlk.c. 1983Rare Performer x Windy Brick by Mr. Brick
8Sensations United StatesBr.c. 1877Leamington x Susan Beane by Lexington
8Great BritainCh. c 1769Syphon x mare (1763) by Shakespeare[50]
8TiffinGreat Britainb. f. 1926Tetratema x Dawn-wind by Sunstar[51]
7Cluster of StarsUnited StatesB.f. 2009Greely's Galaxy x Babyurthegreatest by Honour and Glory[52]
7El Rio ReyUnited StatesB.h. 1887Norfolk x Marian by Malcolm[53]
7FainArgentinab.h.1982Dancing Moss x Fallow's Sister by Worden[54]
7ItajaraBrazilBr.c. 1983Felicio x Apple Honey by Falkland
7Kitano DaioJapanCh.c. 1965Die Hard x Kitano Hikari by Tosa Midori[55]
7Malt QueenAustraliaBr.f. 1905Maltster x Her Majesty by Sunrise[56]
7MannameadGreat BritainB.h. 1929Manna x Pinprick by Torpoint
7MonarchUnited StatesB.c. 1834Priam x Delphine by Whisker
7Perdita IIGreat BritainB.m. 1881Hampton x Hermione by Young Melbourne
7RodolphUnited StatesB.c. 1831Sir Archy Montorio or Sir Archy x Haxall's Moses Mare by Haxall's Moses
7SalvatorFranceCh.c. 1872Dollar x Sauvagine by Ion
7VianiItalyB.c.1967Acropolis x Violante Vanni by Yorick
7The TetrarchIrelandGr.c. 1911
7ZarkavaIrelandB.f. 2005Zamindar (USA) x Zarkasha by Kahyasi[57]
6Ace ImpactIrelandB.c.2020Cracksman x Absolutly Me by Anabaa Blue[58] [59]
6AldfordGreat BritainBr.c. 1911Mauvezin x Mangalmi by William the Third
6Albany GirlGreat BritainCh.f. 1935Duncan Gray x Vestalia by Abbot's Trace
6AmiantoArgentinaCh.h.1888Zanoni x Mariana by Chivalrous[60]
6Bay MiddletonGreat BritainB.c. 1833Sultan x Cobweb by Phantom[61]
6 Bustin StonesUnited StatesCh.h. 2004City Zip x Shesasurething by Prospectors Gamble[62]
6Candy RideArgentinaB.c. 1999Ride The Rails (USA) x Candy Girl by Candy Stripes (USA)[63]
6Cavaliere d'ArpinoItalyB.c. 1926Havresac (FR) x Chuette (GB) by Cicero
6ClaudeItalyB.h. 1964Hornbeam (GB) x Aigue-Vive (FR) by Vatellor[64]
6DismalGreat BritainBuc.c. 1733Godolphin Arabian x Alcock Arabian Mare by Alcock's Arabian
6United StatesB.c. 2018Tapit x Feathered by Indian Charlie[65]
6Flying ChildersGreat BritainB.c. 1714Darley Arabian x Betty Leedes by Wharton's Careless[66]
6Hurry OnGreat BritainCh.c. 1913Marcovil x Tout Suite by Sainfoin
6*JustifyUnited StatesCh.c.2015Scat Daddy x Stage Magic by Ghostzapper
6ManantialArgentinaBlk.c.1955 Gulf Stream x Magda by Full Sail
6Miss ThereseChileGr.f.1958Lucky Lord x Lesna by Filibustero[67]
6PayasoArgentinaB.c. 1929Re-Echo x Payasada by Pippermint
6SoberboBrazilCh.c.1990Restless Jet x Lark Luciana by Tumble Lark[68]
6TolgusGreat BritainB.h. 1923Stefan the Great x Rosa Croft by Lemberg[69]
6Val de GraceBrazilCh.c.1991Clackson x In Passion by Hang Ten[70]
6Windsor SlipperIrelandB.c. 1939Windsor Lad x Carpet Slipper by Phalaris
5AjaxFranceB.h. 1901Flying Fox x Amie by Clamart[71]
5DiceUnited StatesB.h. 1925Dominant x Frumpery by Chicle[72]
5EmersonBrazilB.c.1958Coaraze (FR) x Empeñosa by Full Sail (GB)[73]
5FasliyevIrelandB.h. 1997Nureyev x Mr P's Princess by Mr. Prospector[74]
5HussonArgentinaCh.h. 2003Hussonet (USA) x Villa Elisa (CHI) by Roy[75]
5KnellerGreat BritainCh.c. 1985Lomond x Fruition by Rheingold
5LandaluceUnited StatesB/br.f. 1980Seattle Slew x Strip Poker by Bold Bidder[76]
5LandgrafGermanyB.c. 1914
5Le CoeurArgentinaCh.c.1922Le Temps x Blue Bell by Simonside[77]
5MelodyArgentinaB.f.1947Meadow x Elegy, by Rustom Pasha
5 NorfolkUnited StatesB.c. 1861Lexington x Novice by Glencoe (GB)
5PerigordPeruCh. c.1954Pertinaz x Pattern, by Borealis[78]
5PrecociousGreat BritainB.c. 1981Mummy's Pet x Mrs Moss by Reform
5Queen's LogicIrelandCh. f. 1999Grand Lodge x Lagrion by Diesis[79]
5ResetAustraliaB.h. 2000Zabeel x Assertive Lass by Zeditave[80]
5TeofiloIrelandB.h. 2004Galileo x Speirbhean by Danehill[81]
4Agnes TachyonJapanch.h. 1998Sunday Silence x Agnes Flora by Royal Ski[82]
4CatchascatchcanGreat BritainB.f. 1995Pursuit of Love x Catawba by Mill Reef[83]
4DroneUnited StatesGr.c. 1966Sir Gaylord x Cap and Bells by Tom Fool. Notable broodmare sire.[84]
4Fuji KisekiJapanblk.h 1992Sunday Silence x Millracer by Le Fabuleux. Champion two-year-old.[85]
4Golden FleeceUnited StatesB.c. 1979Nijinsky II (CAN) x Exotic Treat by Vaguely Noble. Won Epsom Derby.[86]
4LammtarraUnited StatesCh.c. 1992Nijinsky II (CAN) x Snow Bride by Blushing Groom. Three Group 1 victories.[87]
4MadeliaFranceCh.m. 1974Caro x Moonmadness by Tom Fool. French champion 3yo filly.[88]
4MasteryUnited StatesDk. b.c. 2014Candy Ride x Steady Course by Old Trieste. Cash Call Futurity.[89]
4NadalUnited StatesB.c2017Blame x Ascending Angel by Pulpit[90]
4Raise a NativeUnited StatesCh.c. 1961Native Dancer x Raise You by Case Ace.[91] Champion two-year-old colt and noted sire
4SaphirGermanyb.c. 1894Chamant x Sappho by Wisdom[92] Austrian Derby, three-time champion sire in Germany
4SnapGreat BritainBlk.c. 1750Snip x Sister to Slipby by Fox. Noted sire.[93]
4VindicationUnited StatesB.h. 2000Seattle Slew x Strawberry Reason by Strawberry Road.[94] Breeders' Cup Juvenile
4White MoonstoneUnited StatesB.f. 2008Dynaformer x Desert Gold by Seeking the Gold. Fillies Mile.[95]
3Army MuleUnited Statesb h2014Friesian Fire x Crafty Toast by Crafty Professor. Carter Handicap.[96]
3Blue TrainGreat BritainCh.c. 1944Blue Peter x Sun Chariot (IRE) by Hyperion
3BoniformNew ZealandB.h. 1904Multiform x Otterden (GB) by Sheen[97]
3CobwebGreat BritainB.f. 1821Phantom x Filagree by Soothsayer[98] Winner of 1000 Guineas and Oaks.
3 DanzigUnited StatesB.c. 1977Northern Dancer (CAN) x Pas De Nom by Admiral's Voyage. Leading sire.[99]
3FootstepsinthesandIrelandB.c. 2002Giant's Causeway x Glatisant by Rainbow Quest. Won 2000 Guineas.[100]
3 MeadowlakeUnited StatesCh.c. 1983Hold Your Peace x Suspicious Native by Raise a Native. G1 winner.[101]
3PharisFranceBl.c. 1936Pharos (GB) x Carissima by Clarissimus. Noted sire.
3ProntoArgentinaB.c. 1958Timor x Prosperina by Gusty
3QuortoIrelandB.c.2016Dubawi x Volume by Mount Nelson[102]
3ValyraGreat BritainB.f. 2008Azamour x Valima by Linamix[103]

*Although Justify finished first in all his races, in 2024 he was officially disqualified from his win in the 2018 Santa Anita Derby, making his official record no longer undefeated. A pending appeal contesting this disqualification was filed in April 2024.[104]

Federico Tesio bred several undefeated champions including Nearco, Ribot, Braque, and Cavaliere d'Arpino, whom he considered the best horse that he ever bred.

Undefeated horses without five known starts

Nordlicht (chestnut horse 1941–1968, by Oleander x Nereide, by Laland) was also undefeated after an unknown number of starts. His victories included the Deutsches Derby and Austrian Derby.[105] Middleton and Amato had one start each with both of them winning The Derby and then retiring. Cherimoya did likewise when she won The Oaks in her only start. Morston (colt by Ragusa x Windmill Girl by Hornbeam) had two starts, winning both, the second of which was the 1973 Epsom Derby. Sailor won both his races, including the 1820 Epsom Derby. Suspender had three starts, in smaller races, for three wins.[106] Don Juan by Loyalist, Ball's Florizel (1801), Mirza by the Godolphin Arabian, and Lecturer (1869), were also unbeaten, but the number of their wins is unknown.[107]

Most wins

There have been only 7 horses to win over 100 races, all of them coming from Puerto Rico in restricted racing. The all-time record, recognized by Guinness World Records, is held by Chorisbar who won 197 times over the course of 324 career starts.[108] Condado, a chestnut horse who raced in Puerto Rico from 1936 to 1943, won a grand total of 152 times[109] Galgo Jr. earned 137 wins in 159 starts from 1930 to 1936. Cofresi won 119 races, racing at around the same time as Condado.

In the United States, Kingston (by Spendthrift) had 138 starts and won 89 of these, including 30 stakes-races. According to the American Horse Racing Hall of Fame, his 89 wins set the all-time record. Commencing a winning sequence as a four-year-old on 21 August 1888, Kingston had 35 race starts until 30 May 1891 during which he was defeated only twice.[110] Bankrupt won 86 races from 348 starts, and he was also by Spendthrift.[111] Tippety Witchet (1915, by Broomstick) started 266 times for 78 wins.[112] Pan Zareta started 151 times with 76 wins and is considered to be the "winningest female Thoroughbred in American history".[113]

Catherina (1830, by Whisker) started in 176 races and won 79 of them, many over long distances, including the Manchester Cup, Tradesmen's Cup, and Heaton Park's King's Cup.[114] Many of Catherina's races were heat races, and she therefore actually faced the starter 298 times and was the first past the finish line 136 times, including two disqualifications, one walkover, and two dead-heats.

Successive victories

The horses who were defeated but had ten or more consecutive race wins include

‡ Filly or mare

*The ninth race in Kelso's streak was earned via disqualification.

Horses with long sequences of jumping victories include Sir Ken, who won 16 hurdle races in England; and Poethlyn, who won 11 steeplechases in succession, including two Grand National races.[257]

Most wins in one season

Most group / grade one (G1) wins

To identify the highest quality races, the pattern race system was introduced in Europe in 1971, followed by the graded stakes system in North America in 1974.[376] Other countries followed suit, though the criteria and quality has not always been consistent between racing jurisdictions. The following list considers horses that won grade one / group one races that were open for International competition. Winners of local (restricted) group / grade one wins are not included.

The horses with ten or more such G1 race wins are:

‡ Mare

In 1902 Sceptre became the only racehorse to win four British Classic Races outright. Previously, in 1868, Formosa won the same four races but dead-heated in the 2,000 Guineas Stakes.[412]

Successive group / grade one (G1) wins

This list shows horses who won a series of Grade/Group 1 races without a loss and without an intervening race at a lower level of competition.

‡ Mare

Successive Stakes wins

‡ = Filly or mare

Once-defeated horses

Below is a list of Thoroughbred racehorses who were defeated once. The list is not comprehensive for otherwise unnotable horses with fewer than ten wins.

Horses such as Wheel of Fortune, Barbaro, Ruffian and Vanity (1812, either 10:9-0-0 or 12:11-0-0[442]) sustained injury or broke down in their only defeat.

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Wins
Horse
Origin
Details
History
Race defeated
27:26–1–0Giles The First Austria-HungaryBr.h. 1860St Giles x Lady Shrewsbury by Launcelot 1863 Continental St Leger (Baden Baden), 2nd by neck
23:22-1-0Elusive Pimpernel IndiaCh.h. 1991Wattlefield x Right Step by Ilheus 1995 Idar Gold Trophy, 2nd
22:21–?–?LotteryUnited StatesCh.m. 1803Bedford x Anvilina by AnvilLost her first race[443]
22:21–1–0Native DancerUnited StatesGr.h. 1950Polynesian x Geisha by Discovery1953 Kentucky Derby, 2nd
21:20–1–0Man o' WarUnited StatesCh.h. 1917Fair Play x Mahubah by Rock Sand1919 Sanford Stakes, 2nd
20:19–1–0ZenyattaUnited StatesDk b/br.m. 2004Street Cry x Vertigineux by Kris S.2010 Breeders' Cup Classic, 2nd
19:18–0–0FriponnierGreat BritainCh.h. 1864Chevalier Dindustrie x Tension by TeddingtonLost his 5th start
19:18–0–0HambletonianGreat BritainB.h. 1792King Fergus x Grey Highflyer by Highflyer1796 Sweepstakes, ran off course[444]
19:18–1–0Old ManArgentinaCh.h. 1901Orbit x Moissonneuse by Dollar1904 Premio Comparación, 2nd[445]
19:18–0–0SquandererIndiaB.h. 1973Valoroso x Milky Way by Scamperdale1976 Colts Trial Stakes, 3rd[446] [447]
18:17–1–0BotafogoArgentinaCh.h. 1914Old Man x Korea by Raeburn 1918 Gran Premio Carlos Pellegrini, 2nd
18:17–1–0Brigadier GerardGreat BritainB.h. 1968Queen's Hussar x La Paiva by Prince Chevalier1972 Benson & Hedges Gold Cup, 2nd
18:17–0–0GradiscoVenezuelaB.h. 1960Show Ring x Gradara by Orsenigo
16:15–1–0The Flying DutchmanGreat BritainBr.h. 1846Bay Middleton x Barbelle by Sandbeck1850 Doncaster Cup, 2nd
15:14–0–1SysonbyUnited StatesB.h. 1902Melton x Optime by Orme1904 Sheepshead Bay Futurity, 3rd
14:13–1–0AhmadArgentinaBr.h. 1975Good Manners x Azyade by Churrinche1979 Premio America, 2nd[448]
14:13–1–0CamarineGreat BritainCh.m. 1828Juniper x Rubens mare by RubensMaiden race, 2nd
14:13–1–0RicoArgentinaB.h. 1919Picacero x Realeza by Old Man1923, 2nd[449]
13:12-0-0Ka Shock DoNew ZealandGr.m. 1987Engagement x Nursery Rhyme1991 Presidents Cup, 5th[450]
12:11–0–0AlbaGermanyB.h. 1927
12:11–0–0InvasorArgentinaB.h 2002Candy Stripes x Quendom by Interprete2005 UAE Derby, 4th
12:11–1–0IsinglassGreat BritainB. h. 1890Isonomy x Deadlock by Wenlock 1893 Lancashire Plate, 2nd
12:11-0-0La Vraie ReineUnited StatesB.m. 1848Sovereign x Veracity by PacificWithdrawn from 4-mile heat race
11:10–1–0Atlantic JewelAustraliaB.m. 2008Fastnet Rock x Regard by Zabeel2013 Underwood Stakes, 2nd
11:10–0–0Awesome FeatherUnited StatesB.m. 2008Awesome of Course x Precious Feather by Gone West2012 Breeders' Cup Ladies Classic, 6th
11:10–0–0BaaeedGreat BritainB.h. 2018Sea The Stars x Agareed, by Kingmambo2022 Champion Stakes, 4th
11:10-0-0DżamajkaPolandCh.m.1997Juror x Dżamira by Rutilio RufoGonitwa dla 2 l. koni I grupy., 4th[451]
11:10–0–1GalopinGreat BritainBr.h. 1872Vedette x Flying Duchess by The Flying Dutchman1874 Middle Park Plate, 3rd
11:10–1–0ImiHungaryB.h. 1953Internezzo x Minci by Mannamead
11–10–1–0LeonatusUnited StatesB.h. 1880Longfellow x Semper Felix by Phaeton Maiden Stakes, 2nd
11:10–1–0Queen of TrumpsGreat BritainBr.m. 1832Velocipede x Princess Royal by Castrel 1835 Scarborough Stakes, 2nd (attacked by dog)
11:10–0–0RuffianUnited StatesDk b/br.m. 1972Reviewer x Shenanigans by Native Dancer1975 Match race against Foolish Pleasure, DNF
11:10–0–1Wheel of FortuneGreat BritainB.m. 1869Adventurer x Queen Berths by Kingston1879 Great Yorkshire Stakes, 3rd
10:9–1–0AllegedUnited StatesB.h. 1974Hoist the Flag x Princess Pout by Prince John1977 St. Leger Stakes, 2nd
10:9–1–0Divine ProportionsUnited StatesB.m. 2002Kingmambo x Myth to Reality by Sadler's Wells2005 Prix Jacques Le Marois, 2nd
10:9–1–0Don JohnGreat BritainB.h. 1835Waverley x Comus mare by Comus1839 Port Stakes, 2nd
10:9–0–0Dubai MillenniumGreat BritainB.h. 1996Seeking The Gold x Colorado Dancer by Shareef Dancer1999 Epsom Derby, 7th
10:9–1–0EspiritaArgentinaCh.m. 1907Old Man x Espuma by Wagram[452]
10:9–1–0ForliArgentinaCh.h. 1963Aristophanes x Trevisa by Advocate 1967 Citation Handicap, 2nd[453]
10:9–0–1Horse ChestnutSouth AfricaCh.h. 1995Fort Wood x London Wall by Col Pickering1998 Morris Lipschitz Juvenile Plate, 3rd
10:9–1–0Majestic PrinceUnited StatesCh.h. 1966Raise a Native x Gay Hostess by Royal Charger1969 Belmont Stakes, 2nd
10:9–1–0Phone TrickUnited StatesDkb/br.h. 1982Clever Trick x Over the Phone by Finnegan1986 Tom Fool Stakes, 2nd
10:9–0–0StopshoppingdebbieUnited StatesDkb/br.m. 20102014 L.A Woman Stakes, 5th
10:9–1–0West AustralianGreat BritainB.h. 1850Melbourne x Mowerina by Touchstone1852 Criterion Stakes, 2nd[454]
9:8–1–0DalakhaniIrelandGr.h. 2000Darshaan x Daltawa by Miswaki2003 Irish Derby, 2nd
9:8–1–0DanteGreat BritainBr.h. 1942Nearco x Rosy Legend by Dark Legend1945 2000 Guineas Stakes, 2nd
9:8–0–0DerekBrazilCh.h. 1978Kublai Khan x Epinette by Blackamoor1982 Grande Prêmio Taça de Ouro, 18th[455] [456]
9:8–0–0Devi's BagUnited StatesDkb/br.h. 1981Halo x Ballade by Herbager1984 Flamingo Stakes, 4th
9:8–1–0Donatello IIFranceCh.h. 1934Blenheim x Delleana by Clarissimus1937 Grand Prix de Paris, 2nd[457]
9:8–1–0HeroldGermanyBr.h. 1917Dark Ronald x Hornisse by Ard Patrick1920 Henkel-Rennen (Deutsches 2000 Guineas), 2nd
9:8–1–0HorometerCanadaBr.g. 1931Hourless x Star Pal by North Star1934 William Hendrie Memorial Handicap, 2nd
9:8–1–0King Glorious United StatesDkb/br.h. 1986Naevus x Glorious Natalie by Reflected Glory 1989 Gold Tush, 2nd
9:8–1–0Mistress FordFranceB.m. 19331936 Poule d'Essai des Pouliches, 2nd
9:8–0–0Sea the StarsIrelandB.h. 2006Cape Cross x Urban Sea by Miswaki2008 Maiden race, 4th
9:8–1–0SicambreFranceBr.h. 1948Prince Bio x Sif by Rialto 1950 Prix Morny, 2nd
9:8–1–0Smarty JonesUnited StatesCh.h. 2001Elusive Quality x I'll Get Along by Smile2004 Belmont Stakes, 2nd
9: 8–0–1Sun ChariotIrelandB.m. 1939Hyperion x Clarence by Diligence
9 :8–1–0TrasteverePeruB.h. 1965Agamenon x Libertina by Leading Light1968 Clásico José Olaya, 2nd[458]
8: 7-0-1Anita PeabodyUnited StatesB.m. 1925Luke McLuke x La Dauphine by The Tetrarch1927 Schuylerville Stakes, 3rd[459]
8: 7–0–0Big BrownUnited StatesB.h. 2005Boundary x Mien by Nureyev2008 Belmont Stakes, DNF
8: 7-0-1Bleeker StreetUnited StatesGr.m. 2018Quality Road x Lemon Liqueur by Exchange Rate2022 Diana Stakes, 3rd
8: 7–1–0CapablancaArgentinaB.h. 1921The Panther x Sixpenny II by William the Third
8: 7–1–0El Gran SenorUnited StatesB.h. 1981Northern Dancer x Sex Appeal by Buckpasser1984 Epsom Derby, 2nd
8:7–0–1ÉliteArgentinaCh.m. 1951Seductor x Eme by Lord Wembley1955 Gran Premio de San Isidro, 3rd[460]
8:7–0–1Grand ParadeIrelandBlk.h. 1916Orby x Grand Geraldine by Desmond1918 Moulton Stakes, 3rd
8:7–1–0GraustarkUnited StatesCh.h. 1963Ribot x Flower Bowl by Alibhai1966 Blue Grass Stakes, 2nd
8:7-0-0GroznyPeruGr.h.1995Privato x Lady Tere by Niobrara1998 Gran Premio Nacional Augusto B. Leguia, 7th
8:7–0–0Hula DancerUnited StatesGr.m. 1960Native Dancer x Flash On by Ambrose Light1963 Prix de Diane, 5th
8:7–0–1King KamehamehaJapanB.h. 2001Kingmambo x Manfath by Last Tycoon2004 Keisei Hai, 3rd
8:7–1–0KingmanUnited KingdomB.h. 2011Invincible Spirit x Zenda by Zamindar 2014 2000 Guineas Stakes, 2nd
8:7–1–0MacaroniUnited KingdomB.h. 1860Sweetmeat x Jocose by Pantaloon1862 Debut race
8:7–1–0Mihono BourbonJapanCh.h. 1989Magnitude x Katsumi Echo by Charlet1992 Kikuka Sho, 2nd
8:7–0–0ReelUnited StatesGr.m. 1838Glencoe x Gallopade by Catton[461]
8:7–0–0Rock FallUnited StatesDkb/br.h. 2011Speightstown x Renda by Medaglia d'Oro2014 Maiden race, 8th
8:7–1–0Sea BirdFranceCh.h. 1962Dan Cupid x Sicalade by Sicambre1964 Grand Critérium, 2nd
8:7–0–0Set FoolChileB.h. 1983Settlement Day x Trima by El Tirol1987 Gran Premio Internacional, 4th
8:7–0–0ShakespeareUnited StatesB.h. 2001Theatrical x Lady Shirl by That's a Nice2005 Breeders' Cup Turf
8:7–1–0SinndarIrelandB.h. 1997Grand Lodge x Sinntara by Lashkari2000 Ballysax Stakes, 2nd
8:7–0–1Sircat SallyUnited StatesDkb/br.m. 2014Surf Cat x Sister Sally by In Excess)2017 San Clemente Handicap, 3rd[462]
7:6–1–0St PatrickGreat BritainCh.h. 1817Walton x Dick Andrews mare by Dick Andrews1821 Fitzwilliam Stakes, 2nd
7:6–1–0LexingtonUnited StatesB.h. 1850Boston x Alice Carneal by Sarpedon (GB)1854 Jockey Club Purse, 2nd[463]
7:6–1–0PartnerGreat BritainCh.h. 1718Jigg x Sister to Mixbury, by Curwen's Bay Barb[464] 1728 race, 2nd
7:6–0–0BarbaroUnited StatesB.h. 2003Dynaformer x La Ville Rouge by Carson City2006 Preakness Stakes, DNF
7:6–0–0City of TroyUnited StatesB.c. 2021Justify x Together Forever by Galileo2024 2,000 Guineas Stakes, 9th
7–6–1–0Eternal RuleCanada Dkb/br.g. 2008Tribal Rule x Eternal Legend By Gold Legend2012 Bold Venture Stakes, 2nd
7:6–0–0Val d'OrFranceB.h. 1902Flying Fox x Wandora by Bruce 1905 Grand Prix de Paris, 4th
6:5–1-0Agnes FloraJapanB.m. 1987Royal Ski x Agnes Lady by Remand1990 Yushun Himba, 2nd
6:5–1-0ChaffinchArgentinaB.h. 1926Buen Papel x Chaica by Américo
6:5–0–1GraydarUnited StatesGr.h. 20092012 Allowance race, 3rd[465]
6:5–0–0Hoist the FlagUnited StatesB.h. 19681970 Champagne Stakes, DQ to last (finished 1st)[466]
6:5–0–0*JustifyUnited StatesCh.c. 2015Scat Daddy x Stage Magic by Ghostzapper2016 Santa Anita Derby, DQ[467] [468]
6:5–1–0Kingston TreasureHong KongGr.g. 1995Spectacular Love x Attempting by Try My Best1999 Camellia Divided Handicap, 2nd[469]
6:5–1–0MajesticperfectionUnited StatesB.h. 2006Harlan's Holiday x Act So Noble by Wavering Monarch2010 Maiden race, 3rd[470]
6:5–1–0MeldGreat BritainB.m. 1952Alycidon x Daily Double by Fair Trial1954 Debut race, 2nd
6:5–1–0SebringAustraliaCh.h. 2005More Than Ready x Pure Speed by Flying Spur2008 Champagne Stakes, 2nd[471]
6:5–1–0VoltaireGreat BritainBr.h. 18261829 St Leger Stakes, 2nd
6:5–0–0ZilzalUnited StatesCh.c 1986Nureyev x French Charmer by Le Fabuleux 1989 Breeders' Cup Mile, 6th
5:4–0–1ApalacheeUnited StatesB.h. 1971Round Table x Moccasin by Nantallah1974 2000 Guineas, 3rd
5:4–1–0BarreminaPanamaCh.h. 1971Royal Medal x Bacacay by MoslemClásico Louis Martínez, 2nd
5:4–1–0BletchinglyAustraliaBr.h. 1970Biscay x Coogee (GB) by Relic (USA)
5:4–0–0CeltíberoArgentinaB.h. 1957Cardanil II x Raza by Bahram
5:4–1–0CipayoArgentinaB.h. 1974Lacydon x Tsarina by Tamerlane1977 Gran Premio Jockey Club, 2nd[472]
5:4–0–1CommonGreat Britain Ch.h. 1888Isomony x Thistle by Scottish Chief 1891 Eclipse Stakes, 3rd[473]
5:4–0–0FlandersUnited StatesCh.m. 1992Seeking The Gold x Starlet Storm by Storm Bird1994 Matron Stakes, DQ (finished 1st)
5:4–0–0Heil! (known as Yamilé after 1940)ArgentinaB.m. 1936Congreve x Hillah by Sardanapale
5:4–0–0Magnum MoonUnited StatesB.h. 2015Malibu Moon x Dazzling Song by Unbridled's Song2018 Kentucky Derby, 19th
5:4-1-0Mr. Zippity Do DahUnited StatesCh.h. 1984Exuberant x Catchy Little Tune by Daryl's Joy1986 Whas Stakes, 2nd
5:4–0–1NoblesseIrelandCh.m. 1960Mossborough x Duke's Delight by His Grace1963 Prix Vermeille, 3rd
5:4–1–0RiddlesworthGreat BritainCh.h. 1828Emilius x Fillagree by Soothsayer1831 Epsom Derby, 2nd
5:4–1–0UruguayoArgentinaB.h. 1968Pronto x Unna by Cyrus the Great[474]
4:3–1–0BlandfordIrelandBr.h. 1919Swynford x Blanche by White Eagle 1921 Windsor Castle Stakes, 2nd
4:3–0–0BuddhaUnited StatesGr.h. 19992001 Maiden race, 10th[475]
4:3–0–0DemarchelierGreat BritainB.h. 2016Dubawi x Loveisallyyouneed by Sadlers Wells2019 Belmont Derby, DNF
4:3–0–0GuatánArgentinaB.h. 1941Floretista x Guayaca by Cabalista1944 Premio Guilermo Kemmis, 5th[476]
4:3–1–0ObeliscoArgentinaCh.h. 1920Fripon x Old England by Old Man
4:3–0–0Smooth RollerUnited StatesB.g. 2011Hard Spun x Catch the Moment by Unbridled2015 Harry F. Brubaker Stakes, 4th[477]
4:3–1–0ViolenceUnited StatesDkb/br.h. 2010Medaglia d'Oro x Violent Beauty by Gone West2013 Fountain of Youth Stakes, 2nd[478]
4:3–0–0Wild DayrellGreat BritainBr.h. 1852Ion x Ellen Middleton by Bay Middleton1855 Doncaster Cup, DNF
4:3–0–0ZumayitaArgentinaGr.m. 1929Marón x Zumaya by Le Temps
3:2–0–1Bois RousselGreat BritainBr.h. 1935Vatout x Plucky Liege by Spearmint1938 Grand Prix de Paris, 3rd[479]
3:2–0–1MaristaArgentinaCh.h. 1958Nigromante x Marie Stuart by Pont Leveque1961 Gran Premio Polla de Potrillos, 3rd[480]
3:2–0–1New Year's DayUnited StatesBr.h 2011Street Cry x Justwhistledixie by Dixie Union2013 Maiden race, 3rd[481]
3:2–0–0NureyevUnited StatesB.h. 1977Northern Dancer x Special by Forli1980 2000 Guineas Stakes, DQ (finished 1st)
3:2–0–0WilkesFranceCh.h. 1952Court Martial x Sans Tares (GB) by Sind [482]
*The disqualification of Justify in the 2018 Santa Anita Derby is currently under appeal.[483]

$10 million prizewinning horses

The following horses have earned over $10 million in prize money. Most of them raced (at least in part) in Japan, Hong Kong, Australia and/or Dubai due to large purse sizes.[484] Where applicable, the conversion to US$ was made at the time the horse raced so does not reflect current exchange rates. Different methodologies for currency conversions may result in slightly different rankings.

HorseCountyTotal earningsGBP[485] [486] USD[487] JPY[488]
Golden SixtyAUSHK$167,170,600 (HK)[489] £16,316,172[490] $21,251,720[491] ¥3,414,521,054**
Romantic WarriorIREA$3,083,750 (AUS)[492] + HK$127,485,400 (HK)[493] + ¥183,780,000 (JPN)[494] £15,335,954[495] $19,232,567¥3,069,188,603**
WinxAUSA$26,451,174 (AUS)[496] £14,564,743$19,726,457[497] ¥2,124,029,272**
EquinoxJPN¥1,756,556,000 (JPN) + US$3,600,000 (UAE)[498] £14,088,378[499] $15,930,077[500] ¥2,215,446,100
Ushba TesoroJPN¥439,884,000 (JPN)[501] + US$180,000 (USA)[502] + US$9,600,000 (UAE)[503] + 13,125,000 SAR (KSA)[504] £12,919,412[505] $16,327,477¥2,215,678,200
OrfevreJPN¥1,344,084,000 (JPN)[506] + €2,159,880 (FR)[507] £12,185,908$19,005,276[508] ¥1,576,213,000
Almond EyeJPN¥1,519,563,000 (JPN)[509] + $3,600,000 (UAE)[510] £13,100,836$17,608,586¥1,915,263,900
GentildonnaJPN¥1,326,210,000 (JPN)[511] + USD$4,000,000 (UAE)[512] £12,224,036$18,468,392[513] ¥1,726,030,400
ArrogateUSAUS$17,422,600 (USA, UAE)£13,622,542$17,422,600¥1,951,331,200**
Kitasan BlackJPN¥1,876,843,000 (JPN)£11,454,079$16,575,955[514] ¥1,876,843,000
Thunder SnowIREUS$810,000 (USA)[515] + €451,420 (FR)[516] + €60,000 (IRE)[517] + £135,518.30 (GB)[518] + US$13,600,000 (UAE)£12,671,800$16,511,476¥1,783,239,408
Buena VistaJPN¥1,386,433,000 (JPN)[519] + UAE£10,588,889$17,018,548¥1,478,869,700
T M Opera OJPN¥1,835,189,000 (JPN)£10,587,690$16,200,337[520] ¥1,835,189,000
Gun RunnerUSAUS$15,988,500 (USA, UAE)£12,238,136$15,988,500¥1,774,723,500**
MishriffIRE£1,426,273.37 (GB)[521] + 38,100,000 SAR (KSA) + €757,464 (FR)[522] + €50,000 (IRE)[523] + US$200,000 (USA)[524] £11,158,059$16,034,853¥1,763,833,830**
Country GrammerUSAUS$841,320 (USA)[525] + 26,240,000 SAR (KSA) + US$7,200,000 (UAE)£11,568,831[526] $14,921,320¥2,103,906,120**
PanthalassaJPN¥301,700,000 (JPN)[527] + USD$3,000,000 (UAE) + 37,500,000 SAR (KSA)£11,828,776[528] $14,418,903[529] ¥1,844,663,200
Gold ShipJPN¥1,397,767,000 (JPN) + €0 (FR)[530] £9,940,344$15,040,217[531] ¥1,397,767,000
California ChromeUSA$14,752,650 (USA, UAE)£9,658,673$14,752,650¥1,667,049,450**
EnableGB£2,899,890.35 (GB)[532] + €232,000 (IRE)[533] + €6,857,000 (FR)[534] + US$2,200,000 (USA)[535] £10,724,320$14,062,824¥1,469,231,840**
Nature StripAUSA$20,236,785 (AUS)[536] + £283,550 (GB)[537] £8,831,147$14,853,094[538] ¥1,964,549,383**
VodkaJPN¥1,304,876,000 (JPN)[539] + US$257,500 (UAE)[540] £7,442,957[541] $13,147,826[542] ¥1,333,565,800
Victoire PisaJPN¥595,954,000 (JPN)[543] + €9,100 (FR)[544] + US$6,000,000 (UAE)£7,899,679[545] $12,891,734[546] ¥1,465,416,059
Maximum SecurityUSAUS$2,431,900 (USA)[547] + 37,500,000 SAR (KSA)£9,417,296$12,431,900¥1,299,133,550**
Beauty GenerationNZHK$106,233,750 (HK)[548] £10,463,293$13,555,427**¥1,476,649,125**
Senor BuscadorUSAUS$1,496,427 (USA)[549] + 37,500,000 SAR (KSA) + US$1,200,000 (UAE)[550] £9,954,772[551] $12,696,427¥1,989,530,111**
Deep ImpactJPN¥1,454,551,000 (JPN)£7,268,753[552] $12,825,285[553] ¥1,454,551,000
RedzelAUSA$16,444,000 (AUS)[554] £9,426,982$11,510,800**¥1,233,300,000**
Lys GracieuxJPN¥887,381,000 (JPN)[555] + A$3,000,000 (AUS)[556] + HK$6,800,000 (HK)[557] £9,575,715$11,023,327[558] ¥1,209,301,000**
Verry ElleegantNZNZ$17,000 (NZ)[559] + A$14,849,775 (AUS)[560] + €13,650 (FR)[561] + £0 (GB)[562] £8,150,350[563] $10,106,434**¥1,319,215,651**
Smart FalconJPN¥990,736,000 (JPN) + US$0 (UAE)£5,846,770[564] $11,470,635[565] ¥990,736,000[566]
VermilionJPN¥1,132,859,000 (JPN)[567] + US$300,000 (UAE)£5,378,603[568] $11,139,125[569] ¥1,159,193,000**
Makybe DivaGBA$14,526,685 (AUS)[570] + ¥0 (JPN)[571] £5,795,064[572] $10,767,186[573] ¥1,238,226,390**
Highland ReelIRE€95,955 (IRE)[574] + £1,911,712.74 (GB)[575] + €1,485,900 (FR)[576] + US$2,827,300 (USA)[577] + A$220,000 (AUS)[578] + HK$23,295,000 (HK)[579] + US$300,000 (UAE)£7,513,355[580] $10,530,964¥1,181,047,613**
Hokko TarumaeJPN¥1,078,706,000 (JPN)[581] + US$300,000 (UAE)[582] £6,849,518[583] $10,703,689[584] ¥1,125,716,000**
Espoir CityJPN¥1,023,197,000 (JPN) + US$0 (USA)£5,289,600[585] $11,443,812¥1,023,197,000[586]
Viva PatacaGB£58,674.80 (GB)[587] + ~HK$74,576,000 (HK)[588] + US$1,000,000 (UAE)£5,891,919[589] $10,666,346**¥863,873,164**
ShahryarJPN¥596,847,000 (JPN)[590] + US$4,980,000 (UAE)[591] + US$360,000 (USA)[592] + £56,682 (GB)[593] £8,185,947[594] $10,248,600¥1,405,543,305**
CurlinUSAUS$10,501,800 (USA, UAE)£5,291,024[595] $10,501,800¥1,050,180,000**
Admire MoonJPN¥740,462,000 (JPN)[596] + US$3,000,000 (UAE)[597] + HK$5,900,000 (HK)[598] £4,316,045[599] $10,085,997**¥1,187,727,000
Narita BrianJPN¥1,026,916,000 (JPN)£6,040,682**$9,335,600**¥1,026,916,000[600]
Symboli Kris SJPN¥984,724,000 (JPN)£5,322,832**$8,714,372**¥984,724,000[601]
*Horses still in training**Value calculated using exchange rates rather than an official earnings record, generally for the last year the horse raced

Most of the above horses belong to the Nearco sireline, mostly through the branches established by Sunday Silence and Northern Dancer. However, Curlin, Arrogate, Winx, Hokko Tarumae, Panthalassa, and Gun Runner descend instead from the Native Dancer sire line through Mr. Prospector. Both Nearco and Native Dancer were grandsons of Phalaris.

North American records

The first horse acknowledged as the leading earner in North America was American Eclipse in 1823, who earned $56,700. Miss Woodford was the first to earn over $100,000, in 1885.[602] In 1951, Citation became the first horse to win one million dollars. In 1979, Affirmed became the first horse to break the two million dollar barrier,[603] finishing his career with earnings of $2.3 million. Purses began to increase sharply soon afterwards thanks in large part to the Breeders' Cup. John Henry was the first to surpass $5 million, earning just shy of $6.6 million by the end of his career in 1984. Curlin in 2008 became the first to earn $10 million.[604] California Chrome broke this record in 2016 with career earnings of $14.8 million, and was in turn surpassed by Arrogate when he won the 2017 Dubai World Cup to take his career earnings over $17 million.[605]

The overall progression of the leading North American is as follows (year is when the record was broke, although earnings reflect lifetime earnings):

See also

External links

Notes and References

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  562. Web site: Horse Profile Verry Elleegant . 2024-06-21 . www.britishhorseracing.com.
  563. Web site: Verry Elleegant Race Record & Form Racing Post . 2024-06-20 . www.racingpost.com.
  564. Web site: Smart Falcon Race Record & Form Racing Post . 2024-06-20 . www.racingpost.com.
  565. Web site: Smart Falcon . 23 February 2023 . equibase.com.
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  567. Web site: Vermilion(JPN) JBIS-Search . 2024-06-20 . www.jbis.jp.
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  582. Web site: HOKKO TARUMAE (JPN) . 2024-06-21 . Emirates Racing Authority.
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  585. Web site: Espoir City Race Record & Form Racing Post . 2024-06-20 . www.racingpost.com.
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  587. Web site: Horse Profile Comic Strip . 2024-06-21 . www.britishhorseracing.com.
  588. Web site: VIVA PATACA - Horses - Horse Racing - The Hong Kong Jockey Club . 2024-06-21 . racing.hkjc.com.
  589. Web site: Viva Pataca Race Record & Form Racing Post . 2024-06-20 . www.racingpost.com.
  590. Web site: Shahryar(JPN) JBIS-Search . 2024-06-20 . www.jbis.jp.
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  594. Web site: Shahryar Race Record & Form Racing Post . 2024-06-20 . www.racingpost.com.
  595. Web site: Curlin Race Record & Form Racing Post . 2024-06-20 . www.racingpost.com.
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  597. Web site: 2007-04-02 . ADMIRE MOON bathed at Arabian Night . 2024-06-21 . www.jrha-selectsale.com.
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  599. Web site: Admire Moon Race Record & Form Racing Post . 2024-06-20 . www.racingpost.com.
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  601. Web site: Symboli Kris S(USA) JBIS-Search . 2024-06-20 . www.jbis.jp.
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  603. Web site: Affirmed First Horse To Earn $2 Million. The New York Times. 26 February 2017. 25 June 1979.
  604. Web site: Top 50 Thoroughbred Horses All Time Leading Money Earners. horseraceinsider.com. 26 February 2017.
  605. Web site: Dubai World Cup winner Arrogate returns to Santa Anita . 19 August 2018 . USA Today.
  606. Web site: Spectacular Bid's Brilliance Remembered . 26 February 2017 . BloodHorse.com.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "List of leading Thoroughbred racehorses".

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