List of Toyota engines explained

This is a list of piston engines developed, independently or with other car companies, by Toyota Motor Corporation.

Engine codes

Toyota has produced a wide variety of automobile engines, including three-cylinder, four-cylinder, V6 and V8 engines. The company follows a naming system for their engines:

  1. The first numeric characters specify the engine block's model (usually differed by displacement)
  2. The next one or two letters specify the engine family
  3. The suffix (separated by a dash) specifies the features of the engine:
SuffixFeature
AValvematic variable lift intake head
BBefore 2000 indicates twin SU-style side-draft carburetors
After 2000 indicates E85 Ethanol fuel.
CCarbureted/California Emissions Controlled
DTwin downdraft carburetors or Toyota engines manufactured by Daihatsu without VVT-i (e.g., 1KR-DE)
EMulti-point fuel injection
FNormal cylinder head DOHC
GPerformance cylinder head DOHC
HHigh compression
High pressure charged (e.g., 2L-THE)
ISingle-point fuel injection
JAutochoke (early models) or pollution control for commercial cars in Japan
KOn-demand Atkinson cycle in non-hybrid engines
LTransverse
MPhilippines' market (meaning unknown)
NCNG fuel
PLPG fuel
RLow Compression (For 87 and below octane fuel)
S
TTurbocharged
UWith catalytic converter Japan-spec emissions
VD-4D common rail direct injection system (diesel) or Toyota engines manufactured by Daihatsu with VVT-i (e.g., 1NR-VE)
XHybrid Atkinson cycle
ZSupercharged

Other manufacturers may modify the engine after it has left the Toyota factory but the engine still keeps the original Toyota designation. For example, Lotus added a supercharger to the 2ZZ-GE in some versions of the Lotus Elise and Exige but it is still labelled 2ZZ-GE, not 2ZZ-GZE.

Examples:

The use of "G" to denote twin cam engines was decided on in 1971, with the renaming of the 10R into 8R-G. Before that, twin cams had received separate numerical codes.

In 1987, Toyota began assigning dual letter engine codes to some of the "engine family" categories in some engine lines, particularly six-cylinder models. This can create potential confusion. E.g. 1MZ-FE – This is not a supercharged, narrow angle, fuel injected M-series engine, but a narrow angle, fuel injected MZ-series engine. Confusion is easiest to avoid when using the dash to separate between the engine series and its own characteristics: for instance, 1MZ-FE rather than 1M-ZFE.

Starting in 2015, the designations after the dash have a maximum combination of three letters, even though there are more suffixes applicable. This is particular when newer engine technologies are introduced. Case in point, both the 2GR-FKS and 8AR-FTS engines have an electronic multi-point fuel injection, but the "E" suffix is not included in the code.

Dynamic Force engine series

The Dynamic Force engine series introduced in 2017 uses a slightly different naming scheme. For instance, the two numbers between the first and second letters denotes the displacement of the engine. The rest of the naming scheme (such as the suffix) remains the same as with prior engines.

Examples:

Some engines don’t share the same displacement as with the one found in the engine code. The V35A-FTS is a good example of this, where despite the model code designation and marketing materials, the actual displacement of the engine is 3.4 liters, not 3.5.

There are some engines that used the naming scheme of the Dynamic Force family of engines but are not actually part of them; a good example of this would be the F33A-FTV engine as despite it not belonging to the Dynamic Force family of engines, it still used the naming scheme normally used for the aforementioned engines. This also applies to the G16E-GTS engine as well.

Gasoline

Flat-twin or Flat-four

Straight-3

Straight-4

Straight-6

V6

V8

V10

V12

Diesel

Starting in 1957 until 1988, Toyota established a separate dealership in Japan dedicated to cars and trucks installed with diesel engines, called Toyota Diesel Store. When the dealership was disbanded, diesel products are now available at all locations, with commercial products exclusive to Toyota Store and Toyopet Store locations.

Straight-4

Straight-5

Straight-6

Engine1D2DH (early)H2H12H-T1HZ1HD-T1HD-FT1HD-FTE1HD-FTE(intercooled)
Years produced1956–19611962–19791967–present1972–present1981–19901986–19901990–present1989–20011992–19981998-20071998-2007
Power (kW)67 @ 360071 @ 360077 @ 3500101 @ 350096 @ 4000123 @ 3600125 @ 3600125 @ 3400151 @ 3400
Power (HP)110 @ 2600130 @ 260090 @ 360095 @ 3600103 @ 3500136 @ 3500129 @ 4000165 @ 3600168 @ 3600168 @ 3400202 @ 3400
Torque (Nm)343 @ 1200392 @ 1400205 @ 2200216 @ 2200240 @ 2000313 @ 2000285 @ 2200363 @ 2000380 @ 2500380 @ 3200430 @ 3200
Torque (ft·lb)151 @ 2200159 @ 2200177 @ 2000231 @ 2000210 @ 2200268 @ 2000280 @ 2500280 @ 3200317 @ 3200
Capacity5890 cc[4] 6494 cc[5] 3576 cc3576 cc3980 cc3980 cc4164 cc4164 cc4164 cc4164 cc4164 cc
Bore × Stroke (mm)100 × 125105 × 12588 × 9888 × 9891 × 10291 × 10294 × 10094 × 10094 × 10094 × 10094 × 100
Compression Ratio17.2 : 118.0 : 121.0 : 119.5 : 120.7 : 118.6 : 122.7 : 118.6 : 118.6 : 118.8 : 118.8 : 1
AspirationNaturalNaturalNaturalNaturalNaturalTurboNaturalTurboTurboTurboTurbo(Intercooled)
Number of Valves1212121212121212242424
Cam ArrangementGear-driven OHVGear-driven OHVGear-driven OHVGear-driven OHVBelt-driven SOHCBelt-driven SOHCBelt-driven SOHCBelt-driven SOHCBelt-driven SOHC
InjectionIndirectIndirectIndirectDirectIndirectDirectDirectDirectDirect
Injector PumpInlineInlineInlineInlineRotaryRotaryRotaryRotaryRotary

V6

V8

References

Toyota has not published an explanation of the codes used for engine features. Matti Kalalahti derived a list of engine feature codes and published them on his "Engine codes explained" web page in Oct 1999.

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Eagle 987 Champ Car | Dan Gurney's All American Racers.
  2. Web site: 2002 Toyota RV8F CART engine . Speedway Motors Museum of American Speed . en.
  3. Web site: HAIL TO THE KING | the Super GT 2009 GT300 Champion is a Lexus IS350?!. 26 August 2015.
  4. Web site: Toyota Model DA Truck . 75 Years of Toyota . Toyota . 2012.
  5. Web site: Toyota Model DA115C Truck . 75 Years of Toyota . Toyota . 2012.