List of Texas governors and presidents explained

Texas has had chief executives with the titles of governors and presidents since 1691. These were under the flags of:

Spanish Texas

From 1691 through 1821, the Kingdom of Texas (El Reino de Texas, in modern Spanish, Tejas) was a part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain (El Virreinato de Nueva España).

Governors of the provinces of Coahuila and Texas

From 1691 to 1722 Texas and Coahuila had the same government, even though they were different provinces. The official seat of government was in Monclova, Coahuila.[1]

bgcolor=#cccccc width=30% Governorbgcolor=#cccccc width=10% Took officebgcolor=#cccccc width=10% Left officebgcolor=#cccccc width=50%Notes
Domingo Terán de los RíosJanuary 23, 1691March 5, 1692Official governor; Also served as governor of Sonora y Sinaloa (1681–1686), New Spain.
Gregorio de Salinas Varona16921697 (Texas) / 1698 (Coahuila)Official governor; He also governed Nuevo León (1705–1707) and Honduras (1705–1709)
Francisco Cuervo y Valdés1698 1702 (Texas) / 1703 (Coahuila)Official governor; He also governed Nuevo León (1687–1688) and Santa Fe de Nuevo Mexico (1705–1707)
Matías de Aguirre17031705
Martín de Alarcón17051708Official governor; Founder of San Antonio.
Simón Padilla y Córdova17081712
Pedro Fermin de Echevers y Subisa17121714
Juan Valdez17141716Official governor
José Antonio de Eca y Múzquiz17161717Official governor
Martín de Alarcón17171719Official governor
José de Azlor y Virto de Vera17191722Official governor

Province of Texas

From 1722 to 1823 Texas had its own governors. From 1722 to 1768 the seat of government of Texas was in Los Adaes and this was the official capital of the province from 1729 to 1772. In 1768 the seat of government was established in San Antonio, which was the capital of Texas from 1772 to 1823.

bgcolor=#cccccc width=30% Governorbgcolor=#cccccc width=10% Took officebgcolor=#cccccc width=10% Left officebgcolor=#cccccc width=50%Notes
Fernando Pérez de Almazán17221727Official governor
Melchor de Mediavilla y Azcona17271730Acting and Interim governor
Juan Antonio Bustillo y Ceballos17301734Official governor; He was also governor of Coahuila (1754–1756)
Manuel de Sandoval17341736Official governor; He also served as governor of Coahuila (1729–1733)
Carlos Benites Franquis de Lugo17361737Official governor
Prudencio de Orobio y Basterra17371741Interim governor; He and Winthuisen were the only civilians that served as governors of Spanish Texas
Tomás Felipe de Winthuisen17411743Official governor
Justo Boneo y Morales17431744Official governor
Francisco García Larios17441748Interim governor
Pedro del Barrio Junco y Espriella17481751Acting governor; He also governed Nuevo León, in modern-day Mexico
Jacinto de Barrios y Jáuregui17511759Official governor; Also was governor of Coahuila (1759–1762; 1765–1768)
Ángel de Martos y Navarrete17591766Official governor
Hugo Oconór17671770Official governor
Juan María Vicencio17701778Official governor; He also governed Honduras
Domingo Cabello y Robles17781786Interim governor; He also governed Nicaragua and Cuba
Bernardo Bonavía y Zapata17861786Official governor; He was appointed governor but don't serve in office.
Rafael Martínez Pacheco17861790Official governor
Manuel Muñoz17901798Official governor
José Irigoyen17981800Interim governor; Although he was appointed as governor, he not served in office.
Juan Bautista Elguézabal18001805Interim governor; He promoted the founding of the first elementary schools in Texas
Manuel Antonio Cordero y Bustamante18051808Acting governor; Also governed Coahuila and Sonora
Manuel María de Salcedo18081811 (officially until 1813)Official governor; Temporarily deposed by de las Casas
Juan Bautista de las Casas18111811Led a coup against Salcedo and became governor for 39 days before being arrested.
Simón de Herrera18111811Ad interim governor July to December[2]
Manuel María de Salcedo (2nd term)18111813Official governor; Continuation of your government after the temporary administration by De Casas and Herrera; dead in office
Cristóbal Domínguez18141814Official governor; dead in office
Benito Armiñán18141815Interim governor (October 1814 – July 1815). He left the charge for health reasons
Mariano Valera18151816Interim governor (July 20, 1815 – July 27, 1816). He left the charge for health reasons
Juan Ignacio Pérez18161817Interim governor (July 27, 1816 – March 20, 1817)
Manuel Pardo18171817Interim governor (March 20, 1817 – May 27, 1817); Also was governor of Coahuila (1819–20)
Antonio María Martínez18171821Official governor

Mexican Texas

Province of Texas

Following the Mexican War of Independence, recognised by the Treaty of Córdoba, the territory of Texas became part of the First Mexican Empire.

bgcolor=#cccccc width=30% Governorbgcolor=#cccccc width=10% Took officebgcolor=#cccccc width=10% Left officebgcolor=#cccccc width=50%Notes
José Félix TrespalaciosAugust 1822April 1823
Luciano GarcíaJune 16, 1823 October 12, 1823He founded, toponymically, San Felipe de Austin.

State of Coahuila y Texas

After the dissolution of the first Mexican empire, the Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States of 1824 came into force, by which Texas joined Coahuila, forming the state of Coahuila and Texas, part of the United Mexican States. From 1823 to 1833 the capital and official seat of government was in Saltillo, Coahuila, while that from March 1833 until 1836, when Texas gained its independence from Mexico, the capital of the state was in Monclova, Coahuila.

bgcolor=#cccccc width=30% Governorbgcolor=#cccccc width=10% Took officebgcolor=#cccccc width=10% Left officebgcolor=#cccccc width=50%Notes
Rafael Gonzales1824-02-03 1826-03-15
José Ignacio de Arizpe (1st term)1826-03-151826-05-30
1826-05-301827-01-29
José Ignacio de Arizpe (2nd term)1827-01-29 1827-08-01
José María Viesca (1st)1827-08-011827-08-17
Víctor Blanco (1st term)1827-08-171827-09-14
José María Viesca (2nd)1827-09-141830-10-01
José Rafael Eça y Múzquiz (1st term)1830-10-011831-01-05
José María Viesca (3rd)1831-01-051831-04-04
José María de Letona (1st term)1831-04-051831-04-28
José Rafael Eça y Múzquiz (2nd term)1831-04-28 1831-05-10
José María de Letona (2nd term)1831-05-101832-09-28
José Rafael Eça y Múzquiz (3rd)1832-09-291832-12-23
Juan Martín de Veramendi1832-12-24 1833-09-07
N/A 1833-09-081834-01-07
Francisco Vidaurri y Villaseñor1834-01-08 1834-07-23
Juan José Elguézabal1834-07-23 1835-03-12
José María Cantú1835-03-121835-03-24
José Rafael Eça y Múzquiz (4th term)1835-03-251835-03-26
Marciél Borrego1835-03-271835-04-15
Agustín Viesca1835-04-15 1835-06-05
Ramón Músquiz1835-06-061835-07-17Never took office and resigned in July of that year.
1835-07-181835-08-13
1835-08-131835-08-15
José Rafael Eça y Múzquiz (5th term)1835-08-151835-10-2 (Texas Revolution)After the Texas' independence, Músquiz continued to govern Coahuila until 1837

Texas Revolution

During the Texas Revolution, the Consultation declared independence from Mexico. An interim government was formed pending elections. The capital of the American colony of Texas was established in San Felipe de Austin.

bgcolor=#cccccc width=30% Presidentbgcolor=#cccccc width=10% Took officebgcolor=#cccccc width=10% Left officebgcolor=#cccccc width=50%Notes
Henry Smith1835January 1836Impeached.
James W. RobinsonJanuary 1836March 2, 1836

Republic of Texas

bgcolor=#cccccc width=30% Presidentbgcolor=#cccccc width=10% Took officebgcolor=#cccccc width=10% Left officebgcolor=#cccccc width=50%Notes
David G. Burnet18361836Burnet County
(acting) Vice-president of Texas under Lamar, U.S. Senator-Elect 1866.
Sam Houston18361838Houston
Houston County; also served as Governor and U.S. Senator, and formerly in Tennessee as Governor and U.S. Representative. Referred to as the first President of the Republic of Texas.
Mirabeau B. Lamar18381841Lamar County
Minister to Nicaragua.
Sam Houston18411844Houston
Houston County; also served as U.S. Representative and Governor for Tennessee, and as Governor and U.S. Senator for Texas.
Anson Jones18441846 Jones County.

State of Texas

See: List of governors of Texas

References

Notes and References

  1. https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/monclova-coahuila-mexico Monclova, Coahuila, Mexico
  2. Harris Gaylord Warren and Jack D. L. Homes, "HERRERA, SIMON DE," Handbook of Texas Online http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fhe33

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