This is a list of Superfund sites in Washington State designated under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) environmental law. The CERCLA federal law of 1980 authorized the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to create a list of polluted locations requiring a long-term response to clean up hazardous material contaminations.[1]
These locations are known as Superfund sites, and are placed on the National Priorities List (NPL). The NPL guides the EPA in "determining which sites warrant further investigation" for environmental remediation. As of May 1, 2010, there were 48 Superfund sites on the National Priorities List in Washington.[2] Seventeen others have been cleaned up and removed from the list; no sites are currently proposed for addition.[2]
| CERCLIS ID | Name | County | Reason | Proposed | Listed[3] | Construction completed[4] | Partially deleted[5] | Deleted[6] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WAD009045279 | Alcoa (Vancouver Smelter) | Clark | Soil and groundwater contaminated by fluoride and cyanide and soil also contaminated by alumina.[7] | June 24, 1988 | February 21, 1990 | |||
| WAD057311094 | American Crossarm & Conduit Co. | Lewis | Ground water, soil, and sediments were contaminated with PCP and creosote. The soil also contained dioxins.[8] [9] [10] | June 24, 1988 | April 10, 1989 | |||
| WAD980833065 | American Lake Gardens/McChord Air Force Base | Pierce | Shallow groundwater is contaminated with VOCs, including TCE and DCE.[11] [12] [13] | August 9, 1983 | September 21, 1984 | |||
| WA5170027291 | Bangor Naval Submarine Base (US Navy) | Kitsap | Groundwater, soils, surface water, and sediments contain TNT and RDX.[14] [15] [16] | July 14, 1989 | August 30, 1990 | |||
| WA7170027265 | Bangor Ordnance Disposal (US Navy) | Groundwater, soil, leachate and surface water contaminated by TNT and RDX; soil contaminated by lead.[17] | 101/5/1984 | July 22, 1987 | ||||
| WA1891406349 | Bonneville Power Administration Ross Complex (USDOE) | Clark | Soil was contaminated by PCBs, PAHs, PCP, lead and other heavy metals. Groundwater contains elevated levels of DCE and chloroform.[18] | July 14, 1989 | November 21, 1989 | |||
| WAD009624453 | Boomsnub/Airco | Groundwater contaminated by chromium and VOCs, including TCE, PCE and freon-11. Soil on Boomsnub site contaminated by hexavalant chromium.[19] | January 18, 1994 | April 25, 1995 | ||||
| WAD980836662 | Centralia Municipal Landfill | Groundwater contains elevated levels of chloride and heavy metals including manganese, arsenic and iron. Leachate has drained into nearby rivers.[20] | June 24, 1988 | August 30, 1990 | ||||
| WAD980514541 | Colbert Landfill | Soil and groundwater contamination from VOCs dumped on site, including methylene dichloride and TCA.[21] | December 30, 1982 | August 9, 1983 | ||||
| WAD980726368 | Commencement Bay, Near Shore/Tide Flats | At the Asarco smelter, metals including arsenic, cadmium, copper and lead were released into the soil, air and bay and metals from slag have migrated to surface and groundwater. Soil in the Ruston/North Tacoma study area is contaminated by arsenic and lead. Soil, surface water and groundwater across most of the Tacoma Tar Pits site is contaminated by metals, PAHs, PCBs, and VOCs including benzene, from a former coal gasification plant and recycling operations. Ship building, oil refining, chemical manufacture and storage and other industrial activity has contaminated the land and sediments of the bay with hazardous waste.[22] | December 30, 1982 | August 9, 1983 | ||||
| WAD980726301 | Commencement Bay, South Tacoma Channel | In the Tacoma Landfill site, soil and groundwater are contaminated by VOCs and heavy metals; groundwater is also contaminated by PAHs. Groundwater at Well 12A is contaminated by VOCs and soil by VOCs and lead. Industrial activities at South Tacoma Field led to soil contamination by lead, arsenic, copper and PCBs and groundwater contamination by VOCs and petroleum hydrocarbons.[23] | December 30, 1982 | August 9, 1983 | ||||
| WA9571924647 | Fairchild Air Force Base (4 Waste Areas) | Groundwater, soil and sediments are contaminated by VOCs (primarily TCE), semi-volatile organic compounds and inorganic compounds.[24] | June 24, 1988 | March 13, 1989 | ||||
| WAD000643577 | FMC Corp. (Yakima Pit) | Groundwater and soil contamination by pesticides including DDT and derivatives, which were formerly dumped in a "poison pit" on site.[25] | December 30, 1982 | August 9, 1983 | ||||
| WA9214053465 | Fort Lewis (Landfill No. 5) | Pierce | Groundwater was contaminated by heavy metals and organic compounds.[26] | October 15, 1984 | July 22, 1987 | |||
| WA7210090067 | Fort Lewis Logistics Center (US Army) | Soil and shallow groundwater contamination by VOCs including TCE, DCE and PAHs.[27] | July 14, 1989 | November 21, 1989 | ||||
| WAD053614988 | Frontier Hard Chrome, Inc. | Groundwater and soil contaminated by trivalent chromium and high concentrations of hexavalent chromium.[28] | December 20, 1982 | August 9, 1983 | ||||
| WAD001865450 | General Electric Co. (Spokane Shop) | On-site soil, groundwater and sludge contaminated by PCBs from electrical transformer repair and storage.[29] | June 24, 1988 | April 10, 1989 | ||||
| WAD980514608 | Greenacres Landfill | Groundwater contains VOCs, semi-volatile organic compounds and heavy metals. The site is close to the sole-source aquifer for 400,000 people.[30] | August 9, 1983 | September 21, 1984 | ||||
| WASFN1002174 | Hamilton/Labree Roads GW Contamination | Shallow drinking water aquifer contaminated by PCE and its decomposition products, and by tetrahydrofuran and methylene chloride. There are also very low levels of PCE contamination in soil and sediments.[31] | November 5, 2000 | July 27, 2000 | ||||
| WA5210890096 | Hamilton Island Landfill (USA/COE) | Skamania | Investigation showed that hazardous substances present did not pose a risk to human health or the environment.[32] | July 29, 1991 | October 14, 1992 | |||
| WA3890090076 | Hanford 100-Area (USDOE) | Benton | Soils contaminated by radiological and chemical waste from plutonium manufacture for the Manhattan Project and subsequent activities. Groundwater contaminated by strontium-90, carbon-14, tritium and hexavalent chromium and discharges into the Columbia River, which is the water supply for over 170,000 people.[33] | June 24, 1988 | April 10, 1989 | |||
| WA1890090078 | Hanford 200-Area (USDOE) | Benton | Groundwater and soil contamination by tritium, uranium, cyanide, carbon tetrachloride, technetium and other substances from processing, finishing and managing nuclear materials including plutonium for nuclear weapons.[34] | June 24, 1988 | April 10, 1989 | |||
| WA2890090077 | Hanford 300-Area (USDOE) | Benton | Groundwater contamination by uranium, VOCs, strontium-90 and tritium from nuclear fuel fabrication. Soil contamination by uranium, cobalt-60, copper, PCBs, chromium and possibly other substances. Uranium and TCE have been detected in groundwater adjacent to the Columbia River, which is used for drinking water for over 170,000 people.[35] | June 24, 1988 | April 10, 1989 | |||
| WA4890090075 | Hanford 1100-Area (USDOE) | Benton | Wells contaminated by VOCs including TCE and soil by asbestos, heavy metals and PCBs from maintenance activities.[36] | June 24, 1988 | April 10, 1989 | |||
| WAD980722839 | Harbor Island (Lead) | Groundwater contains benzene, ethylbenzene, xylene, mercury, cadmium, lead and zinc but is not a source of drinking water. Soil is contaminated primarily by heavy metals, PCBs and petroleum and sediments near the island by heavy metals, PAHs, tributyl tin and PCBs.[37] | December 30, 1982 | August 9, 1983 | ||||
| WAD980511539 | Hidden Valley Landfill (Thun Field) | Groundwater and leachate contaminated by metals, VOCs and nitrates.[38] | October 6, 1986 | March 31, 1989 | ||||
| WA3170090044 | Jackson Park Housing Complex (US Navy) | Soil contamination by arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, zinc, TNT, DNT, trinitrobenzene and dinitrobenzene from former ordnance operations. Offshore sediments contain abandoned ordnance.[39] | June 23, 1993 | May 31, 1994 | ||||
| WAD000065508 | Kaiser Aluminum Mead Works | Cyanide and fluoride contamination of groundwater and leachate.[40] | December 30, 1982 | August 9, 1983 | ||||
| WAD050075662 | Lakewood Site | Groundwater and soil contamination by TCE and PCE from dry cleaning operations.[41] | December 30, 1982 | August 9, 1983 | ||||
| WAN001002655 | Lockheed West Seattle | Past industrial practices have contaminated sediment with heavy metals including arsenic, chromium, copper, lead, silver and zinc, with butyl tins and with PCBs and PAHs.[42] [43] | September 29, 2006 | July 3, 2007 | ||||
| WA0002329803 | Lower Duwamish Waterway | Sediment contamination by mercury, arsenic, other heavy metals, PCBs, PAHs, dioxins, furans and phthalates.[44] [45] [46] | January 12, 2000 | September 13, 2001 | ||||
| WA8570024200 | McChord Air Force Base (Wash Rack/Treat) | A layer of benzene-contaminated fuel emulsion is sitting on top of the water table. Benzene levels in the groundwater have now fallen below EPA safe drinking water levels.[47] | October 15, 1984 | July 22, 1987 | ||||
| WAD980511661 | Mica Landfill | Groundwater contains VOCs, heavy metals and phenols from licensed hazardous waste disposal. Leachate contamination by inorganic ions, metals and at least twenty regulated organic compounds. Methane is accumulating at potentially explosive levels.[48] | October 15, 1984 | October 6, 1986 | ||||
| WAD980978753 | Midnite Mine | Surface water, groundwater, soil and sediments contamination by metals and radionuclides from former uranium ore mining. Mine drainage is acidic.[49] | June 22, 1999 | November 5, 2000 | ||||
| WAD980638910 | Midway Landfill | Groundwater contamination by heavy metals and VOCs; landfill gas emissions contaminated by VOCs. Risks associated with heavy metals are now under control; groundwater VOCs are greatly reduced; gas VOCs have been addressed.[50] | May 10, 1984 | October 6, 1986 | ||||
| WAD988466355 | Moses Lake Wellfield Contamination | Groundwater TCE contamination, including municipal and private wells. Wells within Federal drinking water standards have now been constructed.[51] | July 29, 1991 | October 14, 1992 | ||||
| WA5170090059 | Naval Air Station, Whidbey Island (Ault) | Ault Field groundwater is contaminated by VOCs including TCE and TCA. Soils and sediments are contaminated by PCBs, heavy metals, pesticides, PAHs and dioxins.[52] | September 18, 1985 | February 21, 1990 | ||||
| WA6170090058 | Naval Air Station, Whidbey Island (Seaplane) | Soil in areas of the seaplane base was contaminated by heavy metals including lead and arsenic, pesticides and PAHs. Contaminated soil has been removed; possible remaining groundwater, surface water and sediment contamination is not thought to pose a risk to human health or the environment.[53] | September 18, 1985 | February 21, 1990 | ||||
| WA1170023419 | Naval Undersea Warfare Station (4 Areas) | Soil, sediments and groundwater contamination by PCBs, petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals and VOCs from base operations. Chemical contamination of local shellfish is no longer at levels that cause health concern but the area is closed to shellfishing because of sewage contamination from other sources.[54] | October 6, 1986 | April 10, 1989 | ||||
| WAD000641548 | North Market Street | Groundwater and soil contamination by petroleum compounds, PAHs and VOCs from former petroleum refiny.[55] | June 24, 1988 | March 30, 1990 | ||||
| WAD980511778 | Northside Landfill | Groundwater and domestic well contamination by organic solvents including PCE from former landfill practices. On-site sludge contains TCE and PCE. The aquifer below the site contains VOCs and is the sole drinking water source for the city of Spokane[56] | October 15, 1984 | October 6, 1986 | ||||
| WAD980833974 | Northwest Transformer | Soil contaminated by PCBs has now been removed.[57] | October 15, 1984 | October 6, 1986 | ||||
| WAD027315621 | Northwest Transformer (South Harkness St) | Soil and buildings were contaminated by PCBs and heavy metals including arsenic, cadmium and lead.[58] | June 24, 1988 | February 21, 1990 | ||||
| WAD980982557 | Old Inland Pit | Soil contains elevated levels of heavy metals from dumping of foundry waste in a former gravel pit. Groundwater contamination is at low levels and monitoring continues.[59] | October 6, 1986 | February 21, 1990 | ||||
| WAD008957243 | Oeser Co | Soil and groundwater contamination by creosote, PCP, carrier oil and dioxins from former and ongoing wood treatment operations.[60] | December 23, 1996 | September 25, 1997 | ||||
| WA8680030931 | Old Navy Dump/Manchester Lab (USEPA/NOAA) | Kitsap | Former US Navy site. Firefighting training contaminated soil with dioxins and petroleum hydrocarbons. Hydraulic erosion of a landfill area contaminated sediments and shellfish in Clam Bay with PCBs, copper, lead and zinc. Seeps from the landfill contained elevated levels of copper, nickel, zinc and PCBs.[61] [62] | January 18, 1994 | May 31, 1994 | |||
| WAD009249210 | Pacific Car & Foundry Co. | Soil was contaminated by heavy metals, PAHs and PCBs from former manufacturing facility. Groundwater contamination by heavy metals, petroleum products and solvents. Around 37,000 people obtain drinking water from wells within three miles of the site.[63] | June 24, 1988 | February 21, 1990 | ||||
| WAD009248287 | Pacific Sound Resources | Soil and groundwater contamination by PCP, PAHs and heavy metals from former wood treatment operations. Marine sediment contamination, primarily by PAHs, has contaminated seafood.[64] | October 5, 1993 | May 31, 1994 | ||||
| WA0000026534 | Palermo Well Field Ground Water Contamination | Groundwater and surface water contaminated by PCE from a dry cleaning business and TCE from former and current Washington DOT facilities. Three contaminated municipal drinking water wells have been closed.[65] | December 23, 1996 | January 4, 1997 | ||||
| WAD991281874 | Pasco Sanitary Landfill | Groundwater contamination by VOCs, including TCE, toluene and xylene from former landfill practices.[66] | June 24, 1988 | February 21, 1990 | ||||
| WAD120513957 | Pesticide Lab (Yakima) | A waste pipe and on-site septic tank that carried a risk of contaminating groundwater have been removed.[67] | December 30, 1982 | August 9, 1983 | ||||
| WA4170090001 | Port Hadlock Detachment (US Navy) | Shellfish next to a former landfill contain elevated levels of heavy metals and pesticides. Another possibly contaminated area was found not to pose a risk.[68] | June 23, 1993 | May 31, 1994 | ||||
| WA2170023418 | Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Complex | Soil, sediment and groundwater contamination by petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals, VOCs and PCBs. Groundwater flows into the Sinclair Inlet where it is a hazard to tribal fishermen, marine life and recreational users.[69] | October 5, 1993 | May 31, 1994 | ||||
| WAD980511745 | Queen City Farms | Former landfill site. Groundwater, surface water and sludge contamination by VOCs (including TCE and DCE); residential wells contaminated by arsenic. Soil contamination by PCBs and metals. Groundwater contamination is currently contained on-site.[70] | August 9, 1983 | September 21, 1984 | ||||
| WAD980639215 | Quendall Terminals | Soil and groundwater contamination by PAHs, benzene and creosote products from former creosote manufacturing plant. Contaminant release to Lake Washington is a concern and could affect wildlife, including chinook salmon, a federal threatened species.[71] | September 14, 2005 | April 19, 2006 | ||||
| WAD980639462 | Seattle Municipal Landfill (Kent Highlands) | King | Landfill gas contains VOCs including toluene, xylene, vinyl chloride, and TCE. Groundwater is contaminated with VOCs and heavy metals.[72] [73] [74] | June 24, 1988 | August 30, 1990 | |||
| WAD980722789 | Silver Mountain Mine | Soil and surface water contamination by arsenic and cyanide from former silver and gold mining. Cyanide has been neutralized, contaminated water removed and taillings consolidated and capped.[75] | October 15, 1984 | October 6, 1986 | ||||
| WAD981767296 | Spokane Junkyard/Associated Properties | The junkyard contained asbestos, oil contaminated with PCBs, flammable materials and VOCs. Soil was contaminated with lead and PCBs.[76] | October 14, 1992 | May 31, 1994 | ||||
| WAD980723506 | Toftdahl Drums | Surface water, groundwater and soil were contaminated by heavy metals and PCBs from used drum cleaning facility.[77] | October 15, 1984 | October 6, 1986 | ||||
| WAD980639256 | Tulalip Landfill | Groundwater, wetlands and sloughs were contaminated with heavy metals including lead, copper, chromium and cadmium from former dumping of commercial, industrial and hospital waste. On-site leachate and surface water was contaminated by heavy metals, PCBs, and VOCs including toluene and xylene. Leachate, surface water and slough water was contaminated by multiply resistant pathogens.[78] | July 29, 1991 | April 25, 1995 | ||||
| WAD988519708 | Vancouver Water Station#1 Contamination | Groundwater contamination by PCE from an unknown source. Wells supply up to 20 million gallons of drinking water per day to Vancouver, Washington and Clark County, which is treated to remove PCE before supply.[79] | June 23, 1993 | May 31, 1994 | ||||
| WAD988475158 | Vancouver Water Station#4 Contamination | Groundwater contamination by PCE, suspected to come from dry cleaning operations. Treatment facilities remove PCE from drinking water before supply.[80] | July 29, 1991 | October 14, 1992 | ||||
| WAD009487513 | Western Processing Company, Inc. | Former industrial waste processing facility. Groundwater and sediment contamination by VOCs, phenols and heavy metals. Soil was contaminated by VOCs, PCBs, phenols and metals. VOCs and metals detected in surface water.[81] | December 30, 1982 | August 9, 1983 | ||||
| WAD009248295 | Wyckoff Co./Eagle Harbor | Former wood treatment facility and shipyard. Soil, groundwater and seeps onto beaches contain elevated levels of PAHs, PCBs, dioxins and furans. Marine sediments contain PAHs, mercury (element), other metals and PCBs. There are also pools of liquid contaminants on the harbor bottom.[82] | September 18, 1985 | July 22, 1987 | ||||
| WAD040187890 | Yakima Plating Co. | Groundwater contained low levels of heavy metals including copper, lead and zinc.[83] | June 24, 1988 | March 31, 1989 | ||||
| Site ID 77319379 | Grain Handling Facility at Freeman | Spokane | The grain handling facility at Freeman has leached carbon tetrachloride into soil and groundwater. | |||||