List of Spanish words of Celtic origin explained

This is a list of Spanish words of Celtic origin. It is further divided into words that are known (or thought) to have come from Gaulish and those that have come from an undetermined Celtic source. Some of these words existed in Latin as loanwords from a Celtic source. Some of these words have alternate etymologies and may also appear on a list of Spanish words from a different language. Any form with an asterisk (*) is unattested and therefore hypothetical.

List

From English:

Spanish; Castilian: túnel "tunnel"

From French:

Spanish; Castilian: bachiller "graduate", from French French: bachelier and this from late Latin Latin: baccalaureatus "bachelor".
Spanish; Castilian: batalla "battle". From French: bataille from Latin: battualia "military drill in fencing," from Latin Latin: battuere, see French: batir below.
Spanish; Castilian: billar "billiard".
Spanish; Castilian: brigada "brigade"
Spanish; Castilian: broche "brooch, clasp, clip". From Old French French: broche "a spit," from Vulgar Latin (*)Latin: brocca "a nail, spike," from Latin Latin: broccus, brocchus "a nail, projecting (adj.), buck-toothed (adj.)" from Celtic (*)Celtic languages: brokko- "a pin, badger."
Spanish; Castilian: [[Cognac|coñac]] "brandy"
Spanish; Castilian: crema "cream" from French French: crème
Spanish; Castilian: debate "dispute, quarrel". from Old French French, Old (842-ca.1400);: debat "discussion, controversy, contest" (Modern French French: débat, from French: debattre, debatre, "to fight, wrestle, struggle," from French: de- + French: battre, batre "to fight, strike," from Latin Latin: battere, battuere, see Spanish; Castilian: batir above.
Spanish; Castilian: [[dolmen]] from French French: dolmen
Spanish; Castilian: embajador "ambassador" and this from gaulish ambi-actos "who serves around".
Spanish; Castilian: jabalina, from Middle French French, Middle (ca.1400-1600);: javeline, diminutive of French, Middle (ca.1400-1600);: javelot; akin to Irish Irish: gabhla "spear", Welsh Welsh: gaflach "dart", Breton Breton: gavelod
Spanish; Castilian: tenería "tannery", from French French: tannerie, from French: tan "tanbark"; akin to Breton Breton: tann "red oak", Old Cornish tannen, Old and Modern Irish Irish, Old (to 900);: tinne "mass of metal from furnace; metal bar, ingot"; (ogham letter) "holly, elder".
Spanish; Castilian: pingüino "penguin" from fr. French: pingouin.
Spanish; Castilian: tonel "barrel" from French French: tonel and this from Celtic *Celtic languages: tunna "skin"
Spanish; Castilian: tonelada "ton" see *Spanish; Castilian: tonel
Spanish; Castilian: truhán "buffoon, jester" from French French: truand

From Italian:

Spanish; Castilian: brocado "brocade". From Italian Italian: broccato, from Italian: brocco "a twist thread, shoot, sprout," see Spanish; Castilian: bróculi below.
Spanish; Castilian: brócoli "broccoli". From Italian Italian: broccoli, plural of Italian: broccolo, "sprout of cabbage/turnip" diminutive of Italian: brocco "shoot, sprout," from Vulgar Latin (*)Latin: brocca, see Spanish; Castilian: broche above.

From Late or Vulgar Latin:

Spanish; Castilian: abedul "birch tree" from late Latin Latin: betula "birch", diminutive of Gaulish betuā "birch"; akin to Old Irish Irish, Old (to 900);: bethe, Irish/Scottish Celtic languages: beith, Manx Manx: beih, Welsh Welsh: bedw, Breton Breton: bezv. The Spanish; Castilian: a of Spanish; Castilian: '''a'''bedul is by the influence of Spanish Spanish; Castilian: abeto "fir tree.
Spanish; Castilian: álamo "white poplar"
Spanish; Castilian: alondra "lark" (OSp Spanish; Castilian: aloa) from gaulish alauda
Spanish; Castilian: alosa "shad"
Spanish; Castilian: ambuesta
Spanish; Castilian: amelga "plot of land marked for planting"
Spanish; Castilian: añicos "shards, smithereens"
Spanish; Castilian: arpende "arpent" (OSp Spanish; Castilian: arapende) from Latin Latin: arapennis "old measure"
Spanish; Castilian: banzo "cross-bar" from common Celtic Celtic languages: wankios}
Spanish; Castilian: baranda "railing, balustrade"
Spanish; Castilian: bazo "spleen" from Latin Latin: badios "red"
Spanish; Castilian: beleño "henbane" from gaulish beleniom "henbane"
Spanish; Castilian: belesa "leadwort"
Spanish; Castilian: berrendo "bicolor(ed) (animal); pronghorn bull"
Spanish; Castilian: berro "watercress" from common Celtic Celtic languages: beruro "watercress"
Spanish; Castilian: berrueco, Spanish; Castilian: barrueco "granitic crag, irregular pearl, round nodule"
Spanish; Castilian: betún "tar" from Latin *Latin: bitumen
Spanish; Castilian: bezo "big lip"
Spanish; Castilian: bodollo "pruning hook"
Spanish; Castilian: boque/*Spanish; Castilian: buco "billy-goat, buck"
Spanish; Castilian: bosta "dung" from *Indo-European languages: boud-sta (PIE *Indo-European languages: gwou- "excrement") Proto-Celtic: Celtic languages: boud-ro "dirty"
Spanish; Castilian: breca "common pandora" from Celtic *Celtic languages: brĭcco "spotted, speckled"
OSp Spanish; Castilian: bren "bran; filth"
Spanish; Castilian: breña "scrubland"
Spanish; Castilian: brezo "heather"
Spanish; Castilian: británico "British"
Spanish; Castilian: brizo "cradle, lap"
Spanish; Castilian: bruja "witch"
Spanish; Castilian: buco "billy goat" from a Celtic *Celtic languages: bukko
Spanish; Castilian: bustar "cow pasture"
Spanish; Castilian: camba "standard, sheth (of plow)", Spanish; Castilian: cambija "water tower"
Spanish; Castilian: cambriano "Cambrian"
Spanish; Castilian: camino "way" from Celtic *Celtic languages: camanos through lat. Latin: caminus
Spanish; Castilian: cantiga "song"
Spanish; Castilian: carro "cart"
Spanish; Castilian: [[wikt:cayo|cayo]]
Spanish; Castilian: centollo "spider crab"
Spanish; Castilian: colmado
Spanish; Castilian: colmena "beehive"
Spanish; Castilian: combleza "mistress, home-wrecker"
Spanish; Castilian: correa "belt"
Spanish; Castilian: corro "circle"
Spanish; Castilian: cresa "maggot"
Spanish; Castilian: cueto "hillock"
Spanish; Castilian: duerna "trough"
Spanish; Castilian: engorar "to addle"
Spanish; Castilian: eranela
Spanish; Castilian: galga "large stone"
Spanish; Castilian: gallardo "gaillard" from French French: gaillard
Spanish; Castilian: gancho "hook"
Spanish; Castilian: garra "claw, talon"
Spanish; Castilian: garza "heron"
Spanish; Castilian: gavilla "handful"
Spanish; Castilian: germánico "Germanic"
Spanish; Castilian: gladíola/Spanish; Castilian: gladiola
Spanish; Castilian: greña "stubborn or tangled hair"
Spanish; Castilian: gubia through the Latin Latin: gulbia from Celtic *Celtic languages: gulbia
Spanish; Castilian: güero ~ Spanish; Castilian: huero "vain, vacuous, without substance"
Spanish; Castilian: landa "open field"
Spanish; Castilian: lanza "lance"
Spanish; Castilian: lanzar "to launch"
Spanish; Castilian: lata "tin, tin can"
Spanish; Castilian: légamo "slime, mud"
Spanish; Castilian: legua "league (unit)"
Spanish; Castilian: lía "dregs, lees"
Spanish; Castilian: llanta
Spanish; Castilian: loja, Spanish; Castilian: locha
Spanish; Castilian: losa "flagstone" from hisp-Celtic *Celtic languages: lausa "flagstone"
Spanish; Castilian: mina "mine" through the Latin Latin: mina. However asturian Asturian; Bable; Leonese; Asturleonese: mena 'vein' directly from Celtic *Celtic languages: mena.
Spanish; Castilian: páramo "moorland"
Spanish; Castilian: pieza "piece" from Celtic *Celtic languages: pĕttĭa through the Latin Latin: pĕtia.
Spanish; Castilian: pingüino "penguin"
Spanish; Castilian: pinzón "finch"
Spanish; Castilian: pote "pot"
Spanish; Castilian: quéjigo "Portuguese oak"
Spanish; Castilian: raya "line"
Spanish; Castilian: rodaballo "brill, seabass"
Spanish; Castilian: sábalo "shad"
Spanish; Castilian: sabueso "hound"
Spanish; Castilian: saya "tunic", *Spanish; Castilian: sayo "cloak" through the Latin Latin: sagium from Celtic *Celtic languages: sagos
Spanish; Castilian: sel "mountain pasture, commons"
Spanish; Castilian: serna "ploughed or sown field"
Spanish; Castilian: soga "rope"
Spanish; Castilian: taladro "auger, drill"
Spanish; Castilian: tanino "tanine"
Spanish; Castilian: tarugo "wooden peg"
Spanish; Castilian: tejón "badger"
Spanish; Castilian: tenería
Spanish; Castilian: terco "stubborn"
Spanish; Castilian: tollo "mire, muddy place"
Spanish; Castilian: tona
Spanish; Castilian: tranca "cudgel, club"
Spanish; Castilian: trapo "rag"
Spanish; Castilian: varga "straw- or thatch-roofed hut"
Spanish; Castilian: varón "man"
Spanish; Castilian: vasallo "vassal" from Celtic *Celtic languages: vassallos "servant" through the Latin Latin: vassallus
Spanish; Castilian: vereda "path" from Celtic *Celtic languages: voretom through the Latin Latin: vereda "way"
Spanish; Castilian: yezgo, Spanish; Castilian: yiezgo "dwarf elder"

Inherited Hispano-Celtic

Spanish; Castilian: acarrear to cart, to transport: from Spanish; Castilian: [[ad-|a-]] + Spanish; Castilian: carro (see Spanish; Castilian: carro' below) + the verbal infinitive suffix -Spanish; Castilian: ar.
Spanish; Castilian: álamo "white poplar" (also Asturian Asturian; Bable; Leonese; Asturleonese: llamera); akin to Irish Irish: leamhán "elm", Welsh Welsh: llwyf, Cornish Cornish: elow, Breton Breton: evlec'h "elm"
Spanish; Castilian: alondra "lark" (OSp aloa), from Gaulish Celtic languages: alauda "crest lark", derivative of *Celtic languages: ala "swan", akin to Irish Irish: eala and Welsh Welsh: alarch
Spanish; Castilian: ambuesta, (also Catalan Catalan; Valencian: embosta, Catalan; Valencian: almosta), from Gaulish Celtic languages: ambostā "hands together"; akin to Old Irish Irish, Old (to 900);: imbas
Spanish; Castilian: amelga, (also Galician Galician: embelga) from *Celtic languages: ambelica, from Celtic languages: ambi "around" + Celtic languages: el- "to go" + -Celtic languages: ica; akin to Old Irish Irish, Old (to 900);: adellaim "to visit, go to", Welsh Welsh: elo "I went", Cornish Cornish: ella "he was going"
Spanish; Castilian: añicos "smithereens" (also Galician Galician: anaco, Old Catalan Romance languages: anyoc), from *Celtic languages: ann- + -Celtic languages: acos
Old Spanish arapende "arpent"; akin to Old Irish Irish, Old (to 900);: airchenn "end, extremity", Welsh Welsh: arbenn "chief" and Welsh: erbyn "against", Cornish Cornish: erbynn "id."
Spanish; Castilian: banzo "cross-bar", (also Galician Galician: banzo) from *Celtic languages: wankio "bar, beam"; akin to Irish Irish: féige "ridgepole"
Spanish; Castilian: baranda "railing, balustrade", (also Portuguese Portuguese: varanda, Catalan Catalan; Valencian: barana) from *Celtic languages: varandā, from *Celtic languages: rannā "part, portion"; Welsh Welsh: rhan, Cornish/Breton Celtic languages: rann, Irish Irish: roinn
Spanish; Castilian: beleño "henbane", from Celtic languages: belenion (Pseudo-Aristotle, Latin: De plantis, 7.821); akin to Welsh Welsh: bela "henbane", Old Irish Irish, Old (to 900);: béal "sun"
Spanish; Castilian: belga "of Belgium, a Belgian": from Latin Latin: Belga, singular of Belgae, from Gaulish Celtic languages: Belgae, possibly meaning "the threatening (ones), the swollen (ones)," the IE root *Indo-European languages: bʰel-ǵʰ- (cf. Dutch Dutch; Flemish: belgen 'to worsen', originally 'to swell'), enlargement of *Indo-European languages: bʰel- "to swell";^[1] akin to Old Irish Irish, Old (to 900);: bolgaid '(s)he swells'.
Spanish; Castilian: berrendo "bicolor; pronghorn", originally just "pronghorn", from *Celtic languages: barrovindos "white-tipped", from *Celtic languages: barros "tip, peak" + Celtic languages: vindos "white"; akin to Irish/Breton Celtic languages: barr "peak", Cornish/Welsh Celtic languages: bar "id."; also Old Irish Irish, Old (to 900);: find, Ir/Sc Celtic languages: fionn, Welsh Welsh: gwyn, Breton Breton: gwenn
Spanish; Castilian: berro "watercress", (also Galician Galician: berro) from *Celtic languages: beruro; akin to Welsh Welsh: berwr, Breton/Cornish Celtic languages: beler, Old Irish Irish, Old (to 900);: birar, Irish Irish: biolar, Scottish Gaelic Gaelic; Scottish Gaelic: biolaire
Spanish; Castilian: berrueco "granite crag, cliff", from Celtic languages: ver "over" and Celtic languages: rocca "rock"
Spanish; Castilian: berzo (dial.) (also Old Spanish brizo, Galician Galician: berce), from *Celtic languages: bertium "load"; akin to Irish/Scottish Celtic languages: beárt "load", Celtic languages: bertaim "to rock"
Spanish; Castilian: bezo "big lip, lip blubber" (also Galician "lip"), from OSp beço "snout", from *Celtic languages: beiccion "animal's mouth", from *Celtic languages: baicciō "to yell"; akin to Old Irish, Irish ‘yell, roar’, Scottish, Welsh ‘to low, sob’, Cornish ‘to bray’, Breton ‘to bleat’
Spanish; Castilian: bodollo (Huesca) "pruning hook", from *Celtic languages: vidubion (also French, Occitan); akin to Welsh "billhook", Cornish "id.", Irish "sickle", Breton "boar-spear"
Spanish; Castilian: breña "scrubland; rocky terrain", from *Latin: brigna, from briga "fortress"; akin to Middle Irish, genitive Irish, Middle (900-1200);: brig "mountain", Scottish "fortified hill", Welsh "hill", Welsh: bryn "id", Cornish, Cornish: brenn "hill", Breton "hill", Breton: bern "brooch, prickles"
Spanish; Castilian: brezo "heather" (also Navarre, Galician, Asturian), from OSp bruezo, from *brocceus, from Latin: brūcus, from HispCelt *vroicos; akin to Welsh/Cornish Welsh: grug (< *Celtic languages: wrūcos < *Celtic languages: wroicos), Middle Breton, Old Irish, Irish, Old (to 900);: fróech, Irish . Similarly, Catalan, Occitan, Milanese < *brūca.
Spanish; Castilian: bruja "witch" (also Portuguese, Aragonese, Catalan), from *bruxtia, from *Celtic languages: brixta "magic"; akin to Middle Welsh "magic wand", Breton "witch, magic", Breton: breoù "spells, charms", Old Irish "charms", Irish, Old (to 900);: brigim "to light up, illuminate", Irish, Old (to 900);: Brigit "shining one".
Spanish; Castilian: brusco is from Italian "sharp, tart, rough" and has two possible etymologies:
- either it is akin to Welsh "nimble, lively", Irish/Scottish Irish: briosg "to be surprised, to jump for joy"
- or it is from Medieval Latin "butcher's broom plant", a blend of Latin "butcher's broom" and Late Latin Latin: brucus "heather"
Spanish; Castilian: bustar "cow pasture" (OSp busto "meadow, cowfield", Portuguese, Old Galician "dairy farm; herd"), from Celtiberian "byre, cowshed" (Old Irish "wealth in cattle") and Irish, Old (to 900);: aro "field" (cf. Irish, Welsh, Cornish/Breton Cornish: ar)
Spanish; Castilian: camba "standard, sheth (of a plow)", cambija "water tower" (also Galician and Portuguese "yoke", Galician "wheel rim"), from *Celtic languages: camba "crooked, bent", feminine of *Celtic languages: cambos; akin to Old Irish 'crooked', Irish/Scottish Irish: cam, Welsh, Cornish/Breton Cornish: kam "curved, bent"; Welsh "tire rim", Breton, both from *Celtic languages: camijo.
Spanish; Castilian: cargar= to load, to charge, to charge with a crime, to carry: from Late Latin Latin: carricare "to load," from Latin: carrus, see Spanish; Castilian: carro below.
Spanish; Castilian: carril= a highway lane: from Spanish; Castilian: carro, see Spanish; Castilian: carro below.
Spanish; Castilian: carro= cart, cartload, car, streetcar, coach: from Latin Latin: carrus from Gaulish, from the IE root (*) "to run".^[2]
Spanish; Castilian: centollo "spider crab", (also Galician, Portuguese) from Celtic Celtic languages: cintu "first" + Celtic languages: ollos "large, big", referring to the fact it is larger than more common species of crabs; akin to Breton "before", Cornish, Cornish: kyns "before, early", Welsh "id.", Irish "first"; and Middle Irish "big, large", Welsh/Cornish Welsh: oll "all, entire"
Spanish; Castilian: colmena "beehive" (also Portuguese, Galician), from *Celtic languages: colmēnā "made from straw", from *Celtic languages: colmos "straw" (cf. Leonese "straw"); akin to Breton "stalk" (MBr koloff)
Spanish; Castilian: combleza "mistress, home-wrecker", (also Old Galician) from OSp comblueça ~ conborça, from *Celtic languages: combortia, from *Celtic languages: com-berō "to take"; akin to Welsh, Welsh: cymryd 'to take', Breton, Breton: komer, Cornish 'to take', Irish 'help'
Spanish; Castilian: combo "bent", from *Celtic languages: combos; akin to
Spanish; Castilian: correa= belt, from Gallo-Latin French, Old (842-ca.1400);: corrigia "strap" (compare also Galician "twisted twig using as a bond"); akin to Old Irish "fetter", Scottish "bond, chain", Welsh "saddle", Middle Welsh "leashes", Cornish "fastening, link", Breton "link, bond"
Spanish; Castilian: corro "circle"; akin to Middle Irish "circle", Irish, Middle (900-1200);: corrán "sickle", Welsh "circle", Cornish "hedge, boundary; turn, shift"
Spanish; Castilian: cresa "maggot" (also Galician), older Galician: queresa "maggot", from *Celtic languages: carisia "decay"; akin to Old Irish Irish, Old (to 900);: doro-''chair''|italic=unset "to fall", Irish Irish: tor''chair''|italic=unset, Scottish Gaelic; Scottish Gaelic: tor''chuir''|italic=unset
Spanish; Castilian: duerna "trough" (also Galician), from *Celtic languages: durnos "hand"; akin to Irish, Welsh, Breton
Spanish; Castilian: engorar "to addle", in OSp "to brood" (also Galician "to brood, sit on eggs"); akin to Old Irish 'to warm', Welsh/Cornish Welsh: gori 'to brood, sit (on eggs)', Breton
Spanish; Castilian: galga "large stone", from *Celtic languages: gallicā, from *Celtic languages: gallos; akin to Old Irish 'stone pillar', Irish, Old (to 900);: gallán 'standing stone'
Spanish; Castilian: gancho "hook" (also French "fallow field"), from *Celtic languages: ganscio "small curved branch"; akin to Old Irish "branch"
Spanish; Castilian: garra "claw, talon"; akin to Welsh "leg", Corn/Bret Cornish: garr "leg, stalk, stem", Old Irish "calves of the leg", Irish
Spanish; Castilian: garza "heron" (also Portuguese), from *cárcia; akin to Welsh, Cornish, Breton Breton: kerc'heiz
Spanish; Castilian: gavilla "handful", from Latin: gabella, from *Celtic languages: gabali; akin to Irish "to take", Welsh "to grasp, hold", Cornish ; also Welsh "tongs", Breton/Cornish Cornish: gevel, Old Irish
Spanish; Castilian: greña (OSp greñón "hair, beard"), from *Celtic languages: grennos; akin to Old Irish "beard", Irish, Welsh "eyelid", Breton
Spanish; Castilian: gubia "gouge" (also Portuguese, French), from *Celtic languages: gulbia; akin to Old Irish "sting", Scottish "chisel", Old Welsh "piercer", Welsh "beak", Old Breton "beak", Breton "tailless"
Spanish; Castilian: güero ~ huero "vain, vacuous, without substance", from dialectal Galician: gorar "to brood, sit on eggs" (see Spanish; Castilian: engorar above)
Spanish; Castilian: legua "league", from Late Latin Latin: leucas; akin to Old Irish (gen. Irish, Old (to 900);: líac) "stone", Irish
Spanish; Castilian: lía "dregs, lees", Spanish; Castilian: légamo "slime, mud" (Spanish; Castilian: liga ~ Spanish; Castilian: lidia ~ Spanish; Castilian: liria "birdlime", Basque), from *Celtic languages: liga; Old Breton 'silt, deposit', Breton Breton: lec'hi 'dregs', Welsh 'silt, deposit'
Old Spanish mañero 'sterile, infertile', from *Latin: mannuarius, derivative of Latin 'dwarf horse' (cf. Portuguese 'sterile'), from Gaulish *mandos (cf. Basque 'mule')
Spanish; Castilian: mina "mine", from *Celtic languages: mēna (also Asturian "vein"), from *Celtic languages: meina "ore"; akin to Welsh "ore", Cornish, Irish
Spanish; Castilian: páramo "moor", attested as Latin: parami, from *Latin: par- + Latin: -amus (superlative).^[3]
Spanish; Castilian: pinzón "finch" (var. pinchón; also Catalan, Occitan, Tuscan) from Gaulish ; akin to Welsh, Breton
Spanish; Castilian: quejigo "Portuguese oak", from earlier Spanish; Castilian: cajigo, from Asturian (also Aragonese "oak", Galician "Portuguese oak"), from *Celtic languages: cass- (cf. Gascon, French) + Celtic languages: -ico; akin to Middle Irish "curly, gnarled", Irish, Middle (900-1200);: cassaim "to bend", Irish "to twist, turn, spin", Old Welsh, Welsh "twist"
Spanish; Castilian: rodaballo "brill, seabass", from *rota-ballos "round-limbed", from rota "wheel, circle" + ballos "limb"; akin to Old Irish, Welsh, Cornish, Breton and Irish "limb", Welsh ‘sack, purse’, Cornish ‘bow-net’
Spanish; Castilian: sábalo "shad" (also Portuguese, Catalan, Galician), from *Celtic languages: sabolos; akin to Old Irish "summer", Welsh, Breton, Cornish, with typical Celtic m > b lenition
Spanish; Castilian: saya

akin to Middle Irish "snare", Irish, Middle (900-1200);: semmen "rivet", Welsh "snare", Welsh: hemin "rivet"

Spanish; Castilian: sel, from *Celtic languages: sedlon "seat"; akin to Old Welsh
Spanish; Castilian: serna "tilled or sown field" (also Old Galician, Galician, Portuguese), from *Celtic languages: senaro, from *Celtic languages: sen "separate, apart" + *Celtic languages: aro "field"; akin to Old Irish "alone", Welsh "other", Cornish "self, one's own", and Irish, Welsh, Cornish/Breton Cornish: ar.
Spanish; Castilian: soga (also Portuguese/Italian Italian: soga, Old French), from Gaulish *sōca; akin to Welsh/Cornish Welsh: syg "chain", Breton "harness trace", Irish "rope", Scottish "straw rope"
Spanish; Castilian: taladro, (also Galician) from *Celtic languages: taratron; akin to Welsh "drill", Irish, Cornish, Breton
Spanish; Castilian: tarugo, from *Celtic languages: tarūcon; akin to Scottish, Gaelic; Scottish Gaelic: tarrag "nail, stud"
Spanish; Castilian: tejón "badger" (also Portuguese, Catalan, Catalan; Valencian: toixó, Old French, Italian), from OSp texón, from Gaulish *taskios; akin to Old Irish (person's name) Irish, Old (to 900);: Tadg "badger", Scottish "marten", Old Welsh (person's name) Teuhuant
Spanish; Castilian: terco "stubborn" (also Catalan 'stiff, rigid', Béarnais Occitan (post 1500);: terc 'cruel, treacherous', Italian, Italian: tirchio 'miserly, crude'), from *Celtic languages: tercos; akin to Middle Irish, Welsh 'miserly, scarce'
Spanish; Castilian: tollo "mire, muddy place" (also Catalan "pool in a river", Galician "dam"), from *Celtic languages: tollos; akin to Irish/Cornish Irish: toll "hole", Welsh, Breton
Spanish; Castilian: tona, from Galician "skin, bark", from Gaulish *tunna, "skin, hide, rind"; akin to Old Irish "skin, surface", Irish "hide, skin", Welsh "skin", Cornish "surface", Breton "rind, surface". From the same source came Late Latin 'wine-cask',^[4] whence French 'tun' (wine-cask)', French: tonneau 'barrel'.
Spanish; Castilian: tranca "club, cudgel" (also Portuguese/Galician "door bolt"), from *Celtic languages: tarinca; akin to Old Irish "iron nail, tine", Irish "metal nail", Scottish "nail"
Spanish; Castilian: truhán "jester, baffoon" (also Portuguese, Galician "sadness, pity", French "vagrant, beggar"); akin to Old Irish "miserable", Irish, Scottish, Welsh "wretched", Breton "beggar", Cornish "miser; wretched"
Spanish; Castilian: varga (also Portuguese/Catalan Portuguese: barga "wattle hut", dial. French "haybale, straw heap"), from Celtic languages: barga (Lat fundus Latin: bargae, in Tabula Veleiana, c. 2nd century); akin to Middle Irish "fort; woodhouse"
Spanish; Castilian: yezgo, yiezgo "elder" (also Asturian, Galician, Occitan, Occitan (post 1500);: êgou), from older yedgo, iedgo, from *Latin: edecus, alteration of Gaulish, odicus (Marcellus Empiricus, De medicamentis liber, 7.13), which was also loaned into German "dwarf elder, danewort", Old Saxon aduk, Dutch .

Loanwords

Spanish; Castilian: abatir to lower, to knock down, to humble: from Vulgar Latin Latin: abbattuere to demolish, knock down, overthrow: from Spanish; Castilian: [[ad-]] + Latin Latin: battuere, see French: batir below. The d is assimilated to the b in Latin: battuere.
Spanish; Castilian: abomaso abomasum: from Modern Latin Latin: abomasum (first used in English in 1706) from Latin Latin: ab- + Latin: omasum "intestine of an ox," possibly from Gaulish.
Spanish; Castilian: abrochar to button, fasten: from Spanish; Castilian: [[ad-|a-]] + Spanish; Castilian: broche "a button" (see Spanish; Castilian: broche below) + the verbal infinitive suffix Spanish; Castilian: -ar.
Spanish; Castilian: atolladero a muddy place, bog: from Spanish; Castilian: atollar "to dirty to soil," from Spanish; Castilian: [[ad-|a-]] + Spanish; Castilian: tollo "mire, muddy place" (possibly from a Celtic word represented in Old Irish Irish: toll "hole, pit, grave") + the verbal infinitive suffix Spanish; Castilian: -ar.
Spanish; Castilian: bachiller a bachelor: from Old French French, Old (842-ca.1400);: bacheler "bachelor, young man, young gentleman" (Modern French French: bachelier), from Medieval Latin "an advanced student, farmer," probably from Celtic, possibly related to Irish Irish: bachlach "rural dweller, farmer."
Spanish; Castilian: batalla battle, struggle: from Vulgar Latin (*)Latin: battalia "combat," from Late Latin Latin: battualia "military drill in fencing," from Latin Latin: battuere, see French: batir below.
Spanish; Castilian: batería battery: from French French: batterie (originally referred to a battery of kitchen utensils made with a hammer), from French: battre, from Latin Latin: battere, battuere, see French: batir below.
Spanish; Castilian: batir to hit, strike: from Latin Latin: battere, battuere, "to beat, strike," probably of Celtic origin.
Spanish; Castilian: batuta an orchestra conductor's baton: from Italian Italian: battuta, from Italian: battere, from Latin Latin: battere, battuerre, see French: batir above.
Spanish; Castilian: bohemio a bohemian, of Bohemia, vagabond, eccentric, Gitano, Gypsy: from Spanish; Castilian: bohemio/Bohemia (from the belief that the Gitanos came from Bohemia), from Latin Latin: Boihaemum, literally "place of the Boi/Boii", from tribal name Latin: Boii + Latin: -haemum from Germanic *Germanic languages: xaim- "home" (see Spanish; Castilian: bohemio here). The etymology of Boii is disputed, either "cattle-owners" or "warriors, strikers".
Spanish; Castilian: brécoles broccoli
Spanish; Castilian: británico from Latin Latin: britannicus, from Latin: Britannia; akin to Welsh Welsh: pryd "form", Irish Irish: cruth
Spanish; Castilian: broca from Vulgar Latin (*)Latin: brocca "a nail
Spanish; Castilian: brocado a brocade: from Italian Italian: broccato, from Italian: brocco "a twist thread, shoot, sprout," see Italian: bróculi below.
Spanish; Castilian: broche brooch, clasp, clip, fastener: from Old French French, Old (842-ca.1400);: broche "a spit," from Vulgar Latin (*)Latin: brocca "a nail, spike," from Latin Latin: broccus, brocchus "a nail, projecting (adj.), buck-toothed (adj.)" from Celtic (*)Celtic languages: brokko- "a pin, badger."
Spanish; Castilian: bróculi broccoli: from Italian Italian: broccoli, plural of Italian: broccolo, "sprout of cabbage/turnip" diminutive of Italian: brocco "shoot, sprout," from Vulgar Latin (*)Latin: brocca, see Spanish; Castilian: broche above.
Spanish; Castilian: combatir to engage in combat, to fight: from Spanish; Castilian: [[con-|com-]] + see French: batir above.
Spanish; Castilian: conejo rabbit: Iberian or Celtiberian; cf Irish Irish: coinín, Cornish Cornish: conyn, Manx Manx: coneeyn, Gaelic Gaelic; Scottish Gaelic: coineanach, Welsh Welsh: cwningen.
Spanish; Castilian: debate a debate, dispute, quarrel: from Old French French, Old (842-ca.1400);: debat "discussion, controversy, contest" (Modern French French: débat), from French: debattre, debatre, "to fight, wrestle, struggle," from French: de- + French: battre, batre "to fight, strike," from Latin Latin: battere, battuere, see French: batir above.
Spanish; Castilian: jabalina, from Middle French French, Middle (ca.1400-1600);: javeline, diminutive of French, Middle (ca.1400-1600);: javelot; akin to Irish Irish: gabhla "spear", Welsh Welsh: gaflach "dart", Breton Breton: gavelod
Spanish; Castilian: teneria "tannery", from French French: tannerie, from French: tan "tanbark"; akin to Breton Breton: tann "red oak", Old Cornish tannen, Old and Modern Irish Irish, Old (to 900);: tinne "mass of metal from furnace; metal bar, ingot; (ogham letter) "holly, alder".

Notes

Web site: Homework Help and Textbook Solutions | bartleby . https://web.archive.org/web/20051227164800/http://www.bartleby.com/61/roots/IE51.html . 2005-12-27 .
Web site: Mass Media Essay Topics | Bartleby .
This word is known in the native lexicon of the Celtiberian region in Roman times in names and adjectives: PARAMI (CIL II 266), and the town Segontia Paramica. The word could belong to a Hispanic Celtic language which preserved the phoneme /p/ or to another Western Indo-European language as Lusitanian (X. Ballester "Páramo' o del problema de la */P/ en celtoide", Studi celtici 3, 2004, 45-56).
http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&LEMA=tona DRAE: 'tona'

Bibliography

Cornelius Joseph Crowly, "New Linguistic Date for Hispano-Celtic: An Evaluation", Bono Homini Donum: Essays in Historical Linguistics in Memory of J. Alexander Kerns, vol. 1, ed., Yoël L. Arbeitman & Allan R. Bomhard (Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1981), pp. 73–85.
Guido Gómez de Silva, Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua española
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edn. (2000).