Since 1904, eight Spaniards (people with Spanish citizenship) have been awarded the Nobel Prize - six in the field of literature and two in medicine.[1] The latest winner, Mario Vargas Llosa, is a Peruvian-Spanish dual national.
| Year | Winner | Field | Contribution | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1904 | José Echegaray | Literature | "in recognition of the numerous and brilliant compositions which, in an individual and original manner, have revived the great traditions of the Spanish drama" | |
| 1906 | Santiago Ramón y Cajal | Medicine | "in recognition of their work on the structure of the nervous system" | |
| 1922 | Jacinto Benavente | Literature | "for the happy manner in which he has continued the illustrious traditions of the Spanish drama" | |
| 1956 | Juan Ramón Jiménez | Literature | "for his lyrical poetry, which in Spanish language constitutes an example of high spirit and artistical purity" | |
| 1959 | Severo Ochoa | Medicine | "for their discovery of the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid" | |
| 1977 | Vicente Aleixandre | Literature | "for a creative poetic writing which illuminates man's condition in the cosmos and in present-day society, at the same time representing the great renewal of the traditions of Spanish poetry between the wars" | |
| 1989 | Camilo José Cela | Literature | "for a rich and intensive prose, which with restrained compassion forms a challenging vision of man's vulnerability" | |
| 2010 | Mario Vargas Llosa | Literature | "for his cartography of structures of power and his trenchant images of the individual's resistance, revolt, and defeat" |