List of current heads of state and government explained

This is a list of current heads of state and heads of government. In some cases, mainly in presidential systems, one leader is head of state and head of government. In other cases, mainly in semi-presidential and parliamentary systems, the head of state and the head of government are different people. In semi-presidential and parliamentary systems, the head of government role (i.e. executive branch) is fulfilled by the listed head of government and the head of state.

In one-party states, the ruling party's leader (i.e. General Secretary) is usually the de facto top leader of the state, though sometimes this leader also holds the presidency or premiership. In some countries like Andorra and Vatican City (Holy See), a clergy member also acts as the head of state for both countries (Bishop of Urgell as Co-Prince of Andorra and the Pope) and head of government for the latter (President of the Governorate of Vatican City State).

The list includes the names of recently elected or appointed heads of state and government who will take office on an appointed date, as presidents-elect and prime ministers-designate, and those leading a government in exile if internationally recognised.

Member and observer states of the United Nations

State	Head of state	Head of government
Afghanistan
Albania	President – Bajram Begaj
Algeria		Prime Minister – Nadir Larbaoui
Andorra	Episcopal Co-Prince – Joan Enric Vives i Sicília French Co-Prince – Emmanuel Macron
Angola	colspan="2"
Antigua and Barbuda	King – Charles III
Argentina	colspan="2"
Armenia	President – Vahagn Khachaturyan
Australia	King – Charles III
Austria	President – Alexander Van der Bellen
Azerbaijan		Prime Minister – Ali Asadov
Bahamas	King – Charles III
Bahrain		Prime Minister – Prince Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa
Bangladesh<	--	President – Mohammed Shahabuddin		-	Prime minister-designate – -->
Barbados	President – Dame Sandra Mason
Belarus	colspan="2"
		Prime Minister – Roman Golovchenko
Belgium<	--	King – Philippe		-	Prime minister-designate – -->
Belize	King – Charles III
Benin	colspan="2"
Bhutan	King – Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck
	colspan="2"
Bosnia and Herzegovina	colspan="2"
		Chairwoman of the Council of Ministers – Borjana Krišto
Botswana	colspan="2"
Brazil	colspan="2"
	colspan="2"
Bulgaria<	--	President – Rumen Radev		-	-->
Burkina Faso	colspan="2"
Burundi		Prime Minister – Gervais Ndirakobuca
Cambodia	colspan="2"
	King – Norodom Sihamoni
Cameroon		Prime Minister – Joseph Ngute
Canada	King – Charles III
Cape Verde	President – José Maria Neves
Central African Republic		Prime Minister – Félix Moloua
Chad		Prime Minister – Allamaye Halina
Chile	colspan="2"
China	colspan="2"
	President – Xi Jinping	Premier – Li Qiang
Colombia	colspan="2"
Comoros	colspan="2"
		Prime Minister – Judith Suminwa
		Prime Minister – Anatole Collinet Makosso
Costa Rica	colspan="2"
Croatia	President – Zoran Milanović
Cuba	colspan="2"
	President – Miguel Díaz-Canel	Prime Minister – Manuel Marrero Cruz
Cyprus	colspan="2"
Czech Republic	President – Petr Pavel
Denmark	King – Frederik X
Djibouti		Prime Minister – Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed
Dominica	President – Sylvanie Burton
Dominican Republic	colspan="2"
	President – José Ramos-Horta
Ecuador	colspan="2"
Egypt		Prime Minister – Mostafa Madbouly
El Salvador	colspan="2"
Equatorial Guinea		Prime Minister – Manuel Osa Nsue Nsua
Eritrea	colspan="2"
Estonia	President – Alar Karis
		Prime Minister – Russell Dlamini
	Ndlovukati – Ntfombi
Ethiopia	President – Sahle-Work Zewde
Fiji	President – Ratu Wiliame Katonivere
Finland	President – Alexander Stubb
France		Prime Minister – Gabriel Attal
Gabon	colspan="2"
Gambia	colspan="2"
Georgia	President – Salome Zourabichvili
Germany	President – Frank-Walter Steinmeier
Ghana	colspan="2"
Greece	President – Katerina Sakellaropoulou
Grenada	King – Charles III
Guatemala	colspan="2"
Guinea	colspan="2"
Guinea-Bissau		Prime Minister – Rui Duarte de Barros
Guyana		Prime Minister – Mark Phillips
Haiti		rowspan="3"
Honduras	colspan="2"
Hungary	President – Tamás Sulyok
Iceland	President – Halla Tómasdóttir
India	President – Droupadi Murmu
Indonesia	colspan="2"
	President-elect – Prabowo Subianto
Iraq	President – Abdul Latif Rashid
Ireland	President – Michael D. Higgins
Israel	President – Isaac Herzog
Italy	President – Sergio Mattarella
		Prime Minister – Robert Beugré Mambé
Jamaica	King – Charles III
Japan<	--	Emperor – Naruhito		-	Prime minister-designate – -->
Jordan			Prime Minister – Bisher Al-Khasawneh
Kazakhstan		Prime Minister – Oljas Bektenov
Kenya	colspan="2"
Kiribati	colspan="2"
Kuwait		Prime Minister – Ahmad Al-Abdullah Al-Sabah
Kyrgyzstan		Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers – Akylbek Japarov
	colspan="2"
	President – Thongloun Sisoulith	Prime Minister – Sonexay Siphandone
Latvia	President – Edgars Rinkēvičs
Lebanon<	--	President – Vacant<	-- President-elect – Suleiman Frangieh or Jihad Azour -->		-	Prime minister-designate – -->
Lesotho	King – Letsie III
Liberia	colspan="2"
Libya	Chairman of the Presidential Council – Mohamed al-Menfi	-	-->
Liechtenstein		Prime Minister – Daniel Risch
Lithuania	President – Gitanas Nausėda
Luxembourg	Grand Duke – Henri
Madagascar		Prime Minister – Christian Ntsay
Malawi	colspan="2"
Malaysia	Yang di-Pertuan Agong – Ibrahim Iskandar
Maldives	colspan="2"
Mali
Malta	President – Myriam Spiteri Debono
Marshall Islands	colspan="2"
Mauritania		Prime Minister – Mokhtar Ould Diaye
Mauritius	President – Prithvirajsing Roopun
Mexico	colspan="2"
	President-elect – Claudia Sheinbaum
	colspan="2"
Monaco		Minister of State – Pierre Dartout Minister of state-designate – Didier Guillaume
Mongolia<	--	President – Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh		-	Prime minister-designate – -->
Montenegro	President – Jakov Milatović
Morocco		Prime Minister – Aziz Akhannouch
Mozambique		Prime Minister – Adriano Maleiane
Myanmar	colspan="2"
		Prime Minister – Min Aung Hlaing
Namibia		Prime Minister – Saara Kuugongelwa
Nauru	colspan="2"
Nepal	President – Ram Chandra Poudel
<	-- Do not change link to "Netherlands". Netherlands is not a "state"; the Kingdom is. See Kingdom of the Netherlands for more details. -->	King – Willem-Alexander
New Zealand	King – Charles III
Nicaragua	colspan="2"
Niger		Prime Minister – Ali Lamine Zeine^[1]
Nigeria	colspan="2"
	colspan="2"
	President of the State Affairs Commission – Kim Jong Un	Premier – Kim Tok Hun
	President – Gordana Siljanovska-Davkova
Norway	King – Harald V
Oman	colspan="2"
Pakistan	President – Asif Ali Zardari
Palau	colspan="2"
		Prime Minister – Mohammad Mustafa
Panama	colspan="2"
Papua New Guinea	King – Charles III
Paraguay	colspan="2"
Peru		Prime Minister – Gustavo Adrianzén
Philippines	colspan="2"
Poland	President – Andrzej Duda
Portugal	President – Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa
Qatar		Prime Minister – Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani
Romania
		Prime Minister – Mikhail Mishustin
Rwanda		Prime Minister – Édouard Ngirente
Saint Kitts and Nevis	King – Charles III
Saint Lucia	King – Charles III
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	King – Charles III
Samoa	O le Ao o le Malo – Afioga Tuimalealiʻifano Vaʻaletoʻa Sualauvi II
San Marino<	--Highlight according to precedence (number of seats) in the Grand and Central Council.-->		rowspan="2"
	Captain Regent – Milena Gasperoni<	--	-	Secretary-designate for Foreign and Political Affairs – -->
	President – Carlos Vila Nova
Saudi Arabia
Senegal		Prime Minister – Ousmane Sonko
Serbia
Seychelles	colspan="2"
Sierra Leone		Chief Minister – David Moinina Sengeh
Singapore	President – Tharman Shanmugaratnam
Slovakia	President – Peter Pellegrini
Slovenia	President – Nataša Pirc Musar
Solomon Islands	King – Charles III
Somalia
South Africa	colspan="2"
	colspan="2"
	colspan="2"
Spain<	--	King – Felipe VI		-	Prime minister-designate – -->
Sri Lanka			Prime Minister – Dinesh Gunawardena
Sudan
Suriname	colspan="2"
Sweden	King – Carl XVI Gustaf
Switzerland	colspan="2"
		Prime Minister – Hussein Arnous
Tajikistan		Prime Minister – Kokhir Rasulzoda
		Prime Minister – Kassim Majaliwa
Thailand	King – Maha Vajiralongkorn
Togo		Prime Minister – Victoire Tomegah Dogbé
Tonga	King – Tupou VI
Trinidad and Tobago	President – Christine Kangaloo
Tunisia		Prime Minister – Kamel Madouri
Turkey	colspan="2"
Turkmenistan	colspan="2"
	colspan="2"
Tuvalu	King – Charles III
Uganda		Prime Minister – Robinah Nabbanja
Ukraine		Prime Minister – Denys Shmyhal
United Arab Emirates		Prime Minister – Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum
United Kingdom	King – Charles III
United States	colspan="2"
Uruguay	colspan="2"
Uzbekistan		Prime Minister – Abdulla Aripov
Vanuatu	President – Nikenike Vurobaravu
(Holy See)		President of the Governorate – Cardinal Fernando Vérgez Alzaga
	colspan="2"
	colspan="2"
	President – Tô Lâm	Prime Minister – Phạm Minh Chính
Yemen		Prime Minister – Ahmad Awad bin Mubarak
Zambia	colspan="2"
Zimbabwe

Other states

The following states are in free association with another UN member state.

State	Associated with	Head of state	Head of government
Cook Islands	New Zealand	King – Charles III
Niue		King – Charles III

The following states control at least part of their territory and are recognised by at least one UN member state.

State	Also claimed by	Head of state	Head of government
			Prime Minister – Aleksander Ankvab
(Taiwan)	China		Premier – Cho Jung-tai
	Serbia	President – Vjosa Osmani
	Cyprus		Prime Minister – Ünal Üstel
	Morocco	colspan="2"
		President – Brahim Ghali	Prime Minister – Bouchraya Hammoudi Bayoun
			Prime Minister – Konstantin Dzhussoyev

The following states control their territory, but are not recognised by any UN member states.

State	Also claimed by	Head of state	Head of government
	Somalia	colspan="2"
			Prime Minister – Aleksander Rozenberg

Other governments

These alternative governments control part of their territory and are recognised as legitimate by at least one UN member state.

Government	State	Head of state	Head of government
Supreme Political Council	Yemen	colspan="2"
			Prime Minister – Abdel-Aziz bin Habtour
Syrian National Coalition			Prime Minister – Abdurrahman Mustafa

These alternative governments control part of their territory, but are not recognized as legitimate by any UN member states.

Government	State	Head of state	Head of government
Government of National Stability	Libya	colspan="2"
		Chairman of the Presidential Council – Mohamed al-Menfi
Hamas government in Gaza		colspan="2"
			Head of the Government Administrative Committee – Essam al-Da'alis
	Myanmar		Prime Minister – Mahn Win Khaing Than
Syrian Salvation Government		colspan="2"
		President of the General Shura Council – Mustafa al-Mousa

These alternative governments do not control their territory but are recognized as legitimate by at least one UN member state.

Government	State	Head of state	Head of government
<	--Recognised by Lithuania-->Coordination Council	Belarus	colspan="2"
National Assembly (2015)		colspan="2"

Sui generis entities

Entity	Head of entity	Head of government
	President of the European Council – Charles Michel^[2]
Sovereign Military Order of Malta		Grand Chancellor – Riccardo Paternò di Montecupo

See also

• President of the Republic
• List of countries by system of government
• List of current state leaders by date of assumption of office
• List of current monarchs of sovereign states
• List of current vice presidents and designated acting presidents
• List of current interior ministers
• List of current foreign ministers
• List of current finance ministers
• List of current defence ministers
• List of current legislatures
• List of current presidents of legislatures
• List of elected and appointed female heads of state and government
• List of leaders of dependent territories
• List of oldest living state leaders
• List of national governments
• Lists of state leaders
• Lists of state leaders by century
• List of state leaders in the 21st century
• List of state leaders in

External links

• CIDOB Foundation contextualised biographies of world political leaders
• EmilePhaneufan archived, partial list of official websites for heads of state
• Portale Storia a list of current rulers by country
• Rulersa list of rulers throughout time and places
• United Nationsa list of heads of state, heads of government, and foreign ministers

Notes and References

1. News: Niger military names 21-person cabinet ahead of key West African summit . 14 August 2023 . . 10 August 2023.
2. Web site: Europese knoop ontward: Charles Michel wordt voorzitter van de Europese Raad. 2019-07-02. https://web.archive.org/web/20210413114659/https://www.standaard.be/cnt/dmf20190702_04490461. 2021-04-13.