List of saltpeter works in Tarapacá and Antofagasta explained

The use of Nitratine or Chilean Saltpeter once an important source of nitrates for fertilizer and other chemical uses including gunpowder and fireworks.

The commencement of the export of nitrates to the Europe and the US in the 1830s marked the most important milestone in the history of the nitrate industry and brought consequences for the economies of the three countries sharing the Atacama Desert: Chile, Perú and Bolivia.

Antofagasta was founded in 1868, in October 1869 the extraction of nitrates commenced in Oficina Salar del Carmen, the first nitrate producing plant. In 1871, the Nitrate Railway was inaugurated, running from Iquique to La Noria in Peru. In 1873, the Peruvian Government established the Nitrate Trust (state monopoly), which was controlled from Tarapacá until the 1879–1883 "War of the Pacific". This political event was based on the boom of new "Oficinas salitreras" ("Saltpeter works") of quarrying nitratine to extract nitrate.

Since World War I the industry has been supplanted by fixing nitrogen from the air as the main source of nitrogen.[1] [2]

This is a list of saltpeter works in the Tarapacá and Antofagasta regions. The information regarding Saltpeter works on this page is compiled from the data supplied by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Country Files (GNS).[3] Unique Feature Identifier (UFI) is a number which uniquely identifies a Geoname feature. Same UFI means same feature.

+ List of Saltpeter works in Tarapacá and Antofagasta Region
Oficina Latitude Longitude UFI
Trinidadalign="left"-19.550751-70.085782-894178
Pacchaalign="left"-19.565059-70.023938-894115
Jazpampaalign="left"-19.572428-70.023959-894089
San Antonio de Zapigaalign="left"-19.617482-69.978589-894147
AragonAragón-19.625763-69.959791-894032
Enriquetaalign="left"-19.651981-69.961225-894076
Sacramentoalign="left"-19.658865-69.960986-894143
Carolinaalign="left"-19.666667-70.05-894055
San Patricioalign="left"-19.671302-69.949181-894156
Los Pozosalign="left"-19.673801-69.983738-894102
Californiaalign="left"-19.676873-70.049429-894048
Doloresalign="left"-19.677805-69.945837-879800
Victoriaalign="left"-19.694192-70.011317-894184
UnionUnión-19.70017-69.953725-894179
Sal dei Obispoalign="left"-19.701493-69.970242-894165
Santa Ritaalign="left"-19.701493-69.970242-894165
CaminaCamiña-19.705671-69.917204-894050
Porveniralign="left"-19.714015-69.931426-894129
LimonLimón-19.7-69.966667-894099
Angela ViejaÁngela Vieja-19.741527-69.908196-894029
Chinquiquirayalign="left"-19.744675-69.940149-894060
La Patriaalign="left"-19.755316-69.935761-894092
Aguadaalign="left"-19.774055-69.908088-894021
Asturiasalign="left"-19.787698-69.897289-894035
Ameliaalign="left"-19.837628-69.861603-894026
Auroraalign="left"-19.845979-69.856975-894037
Mercedesalign="left"-19.855886-69.859302-894109
Josefinaalign="left"-19.872306-69.82562-894090
Progresoalign="left"-19.872555-69.835088-894131
Agua Santaalign="left"-19.881435-69.876308-894022
Barcelonaalign="left"-19.888829-69.791632-873177
Slaviaalign="left"-19.891475-69.852938-894174
Primitivaalign="left"-19.918645-69.804353-894130
Las Tres MariasLas Tres Marías-19.942453-69.813213-894094
ValparaisoValparaíso-19.952048-69.830192-894181
San Jorgealign="left"-19.958356-69.813581-894151
Santa Rosa de Huaraalign="left"-20.000584-69.781812-901160
Constanciaalign="left"-20.010831-69.775747-894065
RamirezRamírez-20.050269-69.743608-894135
Santiagoalign="left"-20.051856-69.768544-894166
Mapochoalign="left"-20.083333-69.75-894104
San Donatoalign="left"-20.108486-69.74967-894148
Pena GrandePeña Grande-20.116667-69.783333-894121
Baquedanoalign="left"-20.134625-69.755307-894042
San Joséalign="left"-20.16164-69.777209-900430
Pena Chica, OficinaPeña Chica, Oficina-20.166667-69.833333-895706
Kerimaalign="left"-20.177153-69.78238-885584
Pena ChicaPeña Chica-20.180779-69.801984-894120
Humberstone (Ex-La Palma)align="left"-20.208047-69.795423-884741
Santa Lauraalign="left"-20.211143-69.812979-901026
Nebraskaalign="left"-20.2-69.85-893375
Cala-Calaalign="left"-20.227976-69.799378-874636
Buen Retiroalign="left"-20.233333-69.816667-894047
Carmen Bajoalign="left"-20.273339-69.789996-894054
San Andrésalign="left"-20.283333-69.783333-894145
San Manuelalign="left"-20.287568-69.772137-894153
Serenaalign="left"-20.296056-69.775357-894172
San Estebanalign="left"-20.316667-69.75-894150
Saraalign="left"-20.325079-69.753255-894168
Las Carpasalign="left"-20.333333-70.016667-887732
La Tiranaalign="left"-20.335518-69.656707-888534
Paposoalign="left"-20.35-69.866667-894118
Limeñaalign="left"-20.366667-69.9-894098
Cholitaalign="left"-20.373378-69.878587-894061
Sebastopolalign="left"-20.383333-69.916667-894171
CondorCóndor-20.392843-70.011505-894064
San Enriquealign="left"-20.407103-69.84198-894149
Vigaalign="left"-20.414768-69.893692-894187
Sacramentoalign="left"-20.416667-69.833333-894142
San Pedroalign="left"-20.416667-69.9-894157
San Antonioalign="left"-20.416667-69.9-900125
AdriaticoAdriático-20.4-69.933333-894020
San Enriquealign="left"-20.4-69.866667-900257
Victoriaalign="left"-20.433333-69.05-894185
Argentinaalign="left"-20.435847-69.864649-872551
Pirineoalign="left"-20.449232-70.031223-894126
Santa Elenaalign="left"-20.45-69.783333-894161
Providenciaalign="left"-20.453338-69.993508-894133
San Pabloalign="left"-20.457292-69.848845-894155
Ponte Vedraalign="left"-20.460112-69.902208-894128
Dianaalign="left"-20.466667-69.766667-894070
Santa Anaalign="left"-20.47645-69.905884-894159
Gloria Victoriaalign="left"-20.477913-69.953576-894084
CorunaCoruña-20.483333-69.883333-894067
ResurreccionResurrección-20.483333-70-894137
San Lorenzoalign="left"-20.483333-69.966667-894152
Virginiaalign="left"-20.483333-69.8-894188
Felisaalign="left"-20.5-69.9-894080
San Remigioalign="left"-20.5-69.9-894158
Santa LuciaSanta Lucía-20.525699-69.959426-894164
Anita Pintadosalign="left"-20.548496-69.750143-894030
Mosquitosalign="left"-20.554971-69.722058-893068
Gloriaalign="left"-20.574362-69.993051-894083
Mena Vilanaalign="left"-20.596196-69.702188-894112
Aurreraalign="left"-20.642482-69.630034-894038
Pan de AzucarPan de Azúcar-20.694895-69.734185-894117
Diez de Septiembrealign="left"-20.696103-69.701583-894071
Victoriaalign="left"-20.716667-69.683333-894186
Brac align="left"-20.733333-69.7-904339
Victoriaalign="left"-20.733333-69.7-904339
Victoriaalign="left"-20.740547-69.659977-894183
Alianza align="left"-20.766667-69.7-871794
Pozo Granjaalign="left"-20.819409-69.540906-897214
Bellavistaalign="left"-20.82276-69.720449-894043
Buenaventuraalign="left"-20.835575-69.717824-874162
Slavoniaalign="left"-20.85-69.733333-894078
La Granjaalign="left"-20.902554-69.619369-886390
Irisalign="left"-20.911023-69.632315-894088
Lagunas Nortealign="left"-20.968118-69.67982-893853
Lagunasalign="left"-20.982377-69.672023-876096
Lagunas Suralign="left"-20.999419-69.666116-886469
Andrésalign="left"-21.858587-69.563535-894146
Santa Féalign="left"-21.86256-69.565618-894162
Joyaalign="left"-21.885144-69.434945-894091
Iberiaalign="left"-21.942359-69.594399-894087
Grutasalign="left"-21.966667-69.616667-894086
Prosperidadalign="left"-21.975523-69.607833-894132
Rica Aventuraalign="left"-21.985481-69.60945-894138
Esperanza Nitrate Companyalign="left"-22.016667-69.633333-874154
Buena Esperanzaalign="left"-22.022513-69.626972-894046
Empresaalign="left"-22.038651-69.621618-894075
Peregrinosalign="left"-22.066667-69.6-894122
Tocoalign="left"-22.070638-69.613741-894176
Santa Isabelalign="left"-22.083333-69.6-894163
Santa Anaalign="left"-22.116667-69.583333-894160
Maria ElenaMaría Elena-22.344486-69.661775-894107
Coya (later María Elena)align="left"-22.416667-69.633333-894069
Vergaraalign="left"-22.466667-69.633333-894182
Pedro de Valdiviaalign="left"-22.597292-69.667393-894119
Los Donesalign="left"-22.71236-69.775475-890182
Linaalign="left"-22.823529-69.312331-894100
Higinio Astoreca-22.872456-69.818544-894025
Aconcagua align="left"-22.950104-69.372866-871203
Angamosalign="left"-22.977802-69.463233-894028
ConcepcionConcepción-22.983333-69.383333-894063
CuricoCuricó-22.989206-69.391872-878180
Filomenaalign="left"-23.007874-69.408899-894081
Mariaalign="left"-23.033501-69.456395-894106
MariaMaría-23.034766-69.455049-894105
Luisisalign="left"-23.038865-69.518268-894103
Perseveranciaalign="left"-23.049155-69.397168-894123
Cecilia align="left"-23.05-69.516667-875984
Anita Antofagastaalign="left"-23.059285-69.499304-894031
Ausoniaalign="left"-23.068968-69.542286-894039
Araucanaalign="left"-23.085246-69.450338-894033
Pintoalign="left"-23.086443-69.510422-894125
Arturo Pratalign="left"-23.100142-69.505954-894034
Carmelaalign="left"-23.104632-69.564754-894052
Edwardsalign="left"-23.120286-69.544241-894074
Ossaalign="left"-23.130208-69.584115-894114
Ercillaalign="left"-23.134143-69.875888-894077
Chacabucoalign="left"-23.146229-69.617448-876218
Celiaalign="left"-23.148974-69.667476-894059
Aureliaalign="left"-23.15-69.616667-894036
Carlos Condellalign="left"-23.157893-69.679395-894051
Lasteniaalign="left"-23.166667-69.6-894093
Puelmaalign="left"-23.184007-69.662477-894134
Sargento Aldeaalign="left"-23.200132-69.686464-894169
Blanca Encaladaalign="left"-23.210429-69.618437-894044
Lautaroalign="left"-23.519651-69.343335-894096
San Antonioalign="left"-23.519651-69.343335-894096
Domeykoalign="left"-23.783333-69.35-894072
Savonaalign="left"-23.785888-69.406553-894170
Pissisalign="left"-23.8-69.366667-894127
Cochranealign="left"-23.823816-69.288788-894062
Castillaalign="left"-23.899985-69.838636-894056
Americanaalign="left"-23.953655-69.772849-894027
Pampa Ricaalign="left"-24.050691-69.9351-894116
Orientealign="left"-24.055048-69.790865-894113
Yugoslaviaalign="left"-24.056345-69.829087-894190
Pepitaalign="left"-24.076474-69.865386-894068
Eugenia align="left"-24.133333-69.9-882460
Avanzadaalign="left"-24.137808-69.743245-894040
Petronilaalign="left"-24.15-69.85-896003
Esmeraldaalign="left"-24.156086-69.885505-894079
Eugeniaalign="left"-24.175166-69.869258-887038
Santiagoalign="left"-24.179758-69.917254-894167
Maria TeresaMaría Teresa-24.20824-69.855852-894108
Renacimientoalign="left"-24.224715-69.803595-894136
San Gregorioalign="left"-24.224715-69.803595-894136
Bonasortalign="left"-24.226065-69.894478-894045
San MartinSan Martín-24.264648-69.826443-894154
ValparaisoValparaíso-24.264648-69.826443-894154
Rosarioalign="left"-24.313322-69.970278-894140
Dominadoralign="left"-24.366667-69.516667-894073
Salinitasalign="left"-25.04149-69.946783-894144
José Antonio Morenoalign="left"-25.058774-69.880203-894111
Sud Americaalign="left"-25.119174-69.661046-894175
Chilealign="left"-25.15-69.9-876923
Alemaniaalign="left"-25.155954-69.907162-894024
Atacamaalign="left"-25.201029-69.842443-872737
CaupolicanCaupolicán-25.2-69.716667-894058
Santa Luisaalign="left"-25.232142-70.134263-882494
Rosarioalign="left"-25.240858-69.789199-894139
Portezueloalign="left"-25.295212-70.097356-897026
Ballenaalign="left"-25.305827-69.684102-894041
Flor de Chilealign="left"-25.316667-69.8-894082
Lilitaalign="left"-25.323511-69.66812-894097
Esperanzaalign="left"-25.333333-69.733333-882317
UnionUnión-25.340371-69.79449-894180
Tricoloralign="left"-25.356213-69.886314-894177
Los Amigosalign="left"-25.443238-69.929322-894101
Mirafloresalign="left"-25.444734-69.822048-894110
RepublicaRepública-25.467907-69.801817-894173
SeverinSeverín-25.467907-69.801817-894173
Catalina del Suralign="left"-25.494402-69.783583-894057

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Album Desierto - History about Nitrate (English).
  2. [History of the Haber process]
  3. The data was retrieved on 19 January 2013 and was selected from records with "Oficina" as a place name.