List of Ranunculus species explained

Ranunculus is a genus of about 1,700 species of plants in the Ranunculaceae.^[1] Members of the genus include the buttercups, spearworts and water crowfoots.

Selected species

A

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Ranunculus abaensis = R. indivisus var. abaensis^[2]
Ranunculus abchasicus
Ranunculus abnormis		Iberian Peninsula
Ranunculus abortivus var. abortivus var. australis ssp. acrolasius = R. abortivus var. acrolasius = R. abortivus var. eucyclus = R. abortivus var. indivisus = R. abortivus var. harveyi = R. harveyi^[3]	Little-leaf buttercup Small-flower crowfoot Kidney-leaf buttercup Small-flowered buttercup	North America
Ranunculus acaulis	Dune buttercup Sand buttercup Shore buttercup	New Zealand
Ranunculus acer = Ranunculus acris
Ranunculus acetosellifolius		Southwestern Europe
Ranunculus aconitifolius	Aconite-leaf buttercup	Europe
Ranunculus acraeus		New Zealand
Ranunculus acriformis	Sharpleaf buttercup	North America
var. acriformis	Sharpleaf buttercup	USA (Colorado, Wyoming)
	Autumn buttercup^[4] Autumn sharp buttercup Autumn-fir buttercup Fall buttercup	USA (Utah^[5])
var. montanensis	Mountain sharp buttercup	USA (Idaho, Montana, Utah, Washington, Wyoming)
Ranunculus acris var. acris var. frigidus	Common buttercup Meadow buttercup Tall buttercup	Temperate Eurasia
var. aestivalis = R. acriformis var. aestivalis ssp. borealis = R. borealis ssp. glabriusculus = R. glabriusculus ssp. japonicus = R. japonicus var. japonicus = R. japonicus var. latisectus = R. acris var. monticola = R. paishanensis
Ranunculus acutidentatus = Ranunculus acutilobus
Ranunculus acutilobus
Ranunculus adoneus var. adoneus var. alpinus ssp. huetii	Alpine buttercup	North America (Rocky Mountains)
Ranunculus adoxifolius Hand.-Mazz. 1939
Ranunculus aduncus Gren. 1847
Ranunculus aestivalis = R. acriformis var. aestivalis
Ranunculus ageri
Ranunculus albertii
Ranunculus alismellus = R. alismifolius var. alismellus
Ranunculus alismifolius var. alismellus var. alismifolius var. davisii var. hartwegii var. lemmonii var. montanus	Plantainleaf buttercup	Western North America
Ranunculus allegheniensis	Allegheny Mountain buttercup	Eastern North America
Ranunculus allenii	Allen's buttercup	Northern Canada
Ranunculus alpestris	Alpine buttercup	Europe
Ranunculus ambigens	Waterplantain spearwort	Eastern North America
Ranunculus amphitrichus	Small river buttercup	Southeastern Australia
Ranunculus amplexicaulis	Clasping-leaf buttercup	Iberian Peninsula^[6]
Ranunculus amplus	Lacey River buttercup	Victoria, Australia
Ranunculus andersonii A. Gray 1868 var. andersonii var. juniperinus (Jones) S.L.Welsh 1986 var. tenellus S.Watson 1871	Anderson's buttercup	Western United States
Ranunculus anemoneus	Anemone buttercup	Alpine regions of southeastern Australia
Ranunculus anemonifolius = Ranunculus elegans
Ranunculus aquatilis var. aquatilis var. arcticus var. diffusus	Common water-crowfoot White water-crowfoot	Europe Africa North America
Ranunculus arizonicus var. arizonicus var. subsagittatus var. subaffinis  = R. inamoenus var. subaffinis	Arizona buttercup	Southwestern United States Mexico
Ranunculus arvensis var. arvensis var. tuberculatus var. echinatissimus = R. arvensis	Corn buttercup Devil-on-all-sides Scratch bur	Europe
Ranunculus asiaticus L. 1753	Persian buttercup Persian crowfoot Asian buttercup	Eastern Mediterranean Basin
Ranunculus auricomus L. 1753	Goldilocks buttercup Greenland buttercup	Northern Eurasia Greenland
Ranunculus austro-oreganus L. D. Benson 1954	Southern Oregon buttercup	USA (southern Oregon)

B

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Ranunculus barceloi
Ranunculus baudotii
Ranunculus bilobus
Ranunculus biternatus	Antarctic buttercup	Patagonia Subantarctic islands
Ranunculus bonariensis	Carter's buttercup	Chile, Argentina Central California
Ranunculus borealis
Ranunculus bulbosus	St Anthony's turnip Bulbous buttercup	Europe
Ranunculus bullatus	Autumn buttercup	Mediterranean region
Ranunculus bupleuroides		Iberian Peninsula

C

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Ranunculus californicus Benth.	California buttercup	California
Ranunculus canus Benth.	Sacramento Valley buttercup	California
Ranunculus cardiophyllus Hook.	Heartleaf buttercup	Western North America
Ranunculus carinthiacus	Carinthian buttercup	Europe
Ranunculus cassubicifolius		Europe
Ranunculus cassubicus	Kashubian buttercup	Eastern Europe
Ranunculus caucasicus
Ranunculus circinatus	Fan-leaved water-crowfoot	Europe
Ranunculus clivicola		Alpine regions of southeastern Australia
Ranunculus coloradensis (L. Benson) L. Benson
Ranunculus cordiger Viviani
Ranunculus cortusifolius Willd.	Azores buttercup
Ranunculus crassipes	Subantarctic buttercup	Subantarctic region

D

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Ranunculus degenii Kümmerle & Jáv.
Ranunculus demissus DC.
Ranunculus densiciliatus W. T. Wang
Ranunculus dichotomus Moc. & Sessé ex DC.
Ranunculus dielsianus Ulbr.
Ranunculus diffusus DC.
Ranunculus dingjieensis L. Liou
Ranunculus dissectifolius		Alpine regions of southeastern Australia
Ranunculus dissectus M.Bieb.
Ranunculus distans Royle
Ranunculus dongrergensis Hand.-Mazz.
Ranunculus donianus Pritz.

E

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Ranunculus elegans
Ranunculus eschscholtzii var. eschscholtzii var. eximius var. helleri var. oxynotus var. suksdorfii var. trisectus var. adoneus  = Ranunculus adoneus var. alpinus  = Ranunculus adoneus	Eschscholtz's buttercup	Western North America
Ranunculus extensus

F

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Ranunculus falcatus auct. non L.] Ranunculus testiculatus Crantz Ceratocephala falcata auct. non (L.) Pers. Ceratocephala orthoceras DC. Ceratocephala testiculata (Crantz) Roth	Curveseed butterwort	Eurasia
Ranunculus fallax		Europe
Ranunculus fascicularis	Early buttercup	Eastern North America
Ranunculus flabellaris	Yellow water buttercup	North America
Ranunculus flammula	Lesser spearwort	Boreal Kingdom
Ranunculus fluitans	River water-crowfoot	Europe

G

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Ranunculus glaberrimus	Sagebrush buttercup	Interior western North America
Ranunculus glacialis	Glacier crowfoot Glacier buttercup	Arctic-alpine Europe Siberia Alaska
Ranunculus gmelinii	Gmelin's buttercup	North America
Ranunculus gormanii	Gorman's buttercup	Oregon Northern California
Ranunculus gramineus	Grassy-leaved buttercup	Southern Europe

H

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Ranunculus harveyi var. australis	Harvey's buttercup	south-central U.S.
Ranunculus hebecarpus	Delicate buttercup	Western North America
Ranunculus hederaceus	Ivy-leaved crowfoot	Europe
Ranunculus hispidus	Bristly buttercup Hispid buttercup Swamp buttercup	Eastern North America
Ranunculus hybridus	Hybrid buttercup	European Alps
Ranunculus hydrocharoides	Frogbit buttercup Frog's bit buttercup	Western North America
Ranunculus hyperboreus Rottb. 1770	High northern buttercup	Northern North America

I

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Ranunculus illyricus L. 1753 = R. alexeenkoi Grossh. = R. meridionalis Grossh.^[7]		Eastern Europe
Ranunculus indivisus (Maxim.) Hand.-Mazz. 1939 var. abaensis (W. T. Wang) W. T. Wang 1995 var. indivisus^[8]
Ranunculus insignis Hook.f. 1852	Korikori	New Zealand
Ranunculus inundatus R.Br. ex DC.	river buttercup	Southeastern Australia

J

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Ranunculus japonicus Thunb. 1794	mao gen	China
Ranunculus jovis	Utah buttercup	Mountain west United States

K

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Ranunculus kadzusensis	Maehwamarum Korean water crowfoot	Asia
Ranunculus kuepferi

L

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Ranunculus lanuginosus L. 1753 Ranunculus umbrosus Ten.	Woolly buttercup Downy buttercup	Europe
Ranunculus lappaceus	Australian buttercup	Eastern Australia
Ranunculus lapponicus	Lapland buttercup	Arctic
Ranunculus lingua	Greater spearwort	Eurasia
Ranunculus lobbii	Lobb's buttercup Lobb's aquatic butterup	Western North America
Ranunculus longirostris = R. aquatilis var. diffusus	Longbeak buttercup White water-crowfoot	North America
Ranunculus luminarius		Italy
Ranunculus lyallii	Mount Cook Lily Mount Cook buttercup Mountain buttercup	New Zealand

M

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Ranunculus macounii	Macoun's buttercup	North America
Ranunculus macranthus	Large buttercup	North America
Ranunculus macrophyllus	Large-leaf buttercup	Europe
Ranunculus micranthus Nutt.	Rock buttercup Small-flowered crowfoot^[9]	United States
Ranunculus millefolius Banks & Sol.^[10]	Jerusalem buttercup^[11] Nurit	Israel, Lebanon, Syria
Ranunculus montanus	mountain buttercup	Europe
Ranunculus monophyllus		eastern Europe to subarctic Asia and northern China
Ranunculus moseleyi	Moseley's buttercup
Ranunculus muricatus	Spinyfruit buttercup	Europe

N

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Ranunculus nivalis L. 1753	Snow buttercup
Ranunculus nipponicus

O

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Ranunculus obtusiusculus
Ranunculus occidentalis	Western buttercup	Western North America
Ranunculus ophioglossifolius	Badgeworth Buttercup	Europe
Ranunculus orthorhynchus	Straightbeak buttercup	Western North America
Ranunculus oz		Australia

P

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Ranunculus pachyrrhizus Hook.f.		New Zealand
Ranunculus papulentus	Large River buttercup	Southeastern Australia
Ranunculus parviflorus	Smallflower buttercup	Europe
	Eschscholtz's buttercup	Western North America
Ranunculus pedatifidus	Birdfoot buttercup Northern buttercup Surefoot buttercup	Asia North America
Ranunculus peduncularis		South America
Ranunculus peltatus	Pond water crowfoot	Europe Southwestern Asia Northern Africa
Ranunculus penicillatus		Europe Morocco
Ranunculus penicillatus ssp. pseudofluitans		Southern UK (chalk streams)
Ranunculus pensylvanicus	Pennsylvania buttercup	North America
Ranunculus pimpinellifolius Hook.	Bog buttercup	Eastern Australia
Ranunculus pinguis		New Zealand (Auckland and Campbell Islands)
Ranunculus platanifolius	Large white buttercup
Ranunculus polyanthemos	Multiflowered buttercup	Europe Central Asia Siberia
Ranunculus populago	Popular buttercup Mountain Buttercup	Pacific Northwest United States
Ranunculus pusillus	Low spearwort	Eastern United States
Ranunculus pygmaeus	Pygmy buttercup	Circumpolar Arctic
Ranunculus pyrenaeus	Pyrenean buttercup	Andorra France Spain

R

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Ranunculus radicans		Siberia to northern China
Ranunculus recurvatus	Hooked crowfoot Hooked buttercup	Eastern North America
Ranunculus repens	Creeping buttercup	Eurasia Northwestern Africa
Ranunculus reptans R. flammula var. filiformis	Greater creeping spearwort	North America
Ranunculus rhomboideus	Prairie Buttercup	North America

S

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Ranunculus sardous	Hairy buttercup Sardinian buttercup	Europe
Ranunculus sceleratus	Cursed buttercup Celery-leaved buttercup	Eurasia North America
Ranunculus seguieri	Seguier's buttercup	Southeastern Europe
Ranunculus septentrionalis	Swamp buttercup	Eastern North America
Ranunculus sericophyllus Hook.f.	Silky alpine buttercup^[12] Feathery-leaved buttercup^[13]	New Zealand
Ranunculus siamensis		Thailand, India, Nepal, Myanmar and Indochina
Ranunculus sieboldii		Asia
Ranunculus silerifolius		Eastern Asia
Ranunculus subrigidus  = R. aquatilis var. diffusus	White water-crowfoot
Ranunculus sulphureus var. altaica var. sulphureus var. albertii  = R. alberti var. intercedens  = R. sulphureus	Sulphur buttercup	Alaska Canada Greenland

T

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Ranunculus thora	Tora buttercup	Europe
Ranunculus trichophyllus = R. aquatilis var. diffusus
Ranunculus trilobus	Threelobe buttercup^[14]	Mediterranean
Ranunculus triternatus
Ranunculus trivedii		Himalayas
Ranunculus turneri

U

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Ranunculus uncinatus	Woodland buttercup Little buttercup	Western North America

V

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Ranunculus velutinus Ten. 1825
Ranunculus venetus Huter ex Landolt
Ranunculus verticillatus	Lobe-leaf buttercup	New Zealand
Ranunculus viridis H. D. Wilson et Garn.-Jones	Mt Allen buttercup	Stewart Island, New Zealand

W

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Ranunculus wangianus Q. E. Yang 2000
Ranunculus weddellii Lourteig
Ranunculus wettsteinii Dörfl.
Ranunculus weyleri Marès

X

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Ranunculus xinningensis W. T. Wang

Y

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Ranunculus yanshanensis W.T.Wang
Ranunculus yaoanus W.T.Wang
Ranunculus yechengensis W. T. Wang
Ranunculus yinshanicus (Y. Z. Zhao) Y. Z. Zhao
Ranunculus yunnanensis Franch.

Z

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Ranunculus zhungdianensis W. T. Wang 1987

References

General

• The Plant List (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Missouri Botanical Garden) - Species in Ranunculus
• USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, PLANTS Database search with keyword = ranunculus
• USDA Germplam Resources Information Network (GRIN) Species Records of Ranunculus
• The Biota of North America Program (BONAP), North American Plant Atlas (NAPA), Ranunculus page
• TAMU Herbarium Vascular Plant Image Library - Species in Ranunculus
• eFloras.org - Flora of North America - Ranunculus subtaxa list

Specific

Notes and References

1. Web site: Ranunculus L.. . Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2023-03-27 .
2. http://www.tropicos.org/Name/50054731?tab=acceptednames R. abaensis
3. http://www.tropicos.org/Name/27100133?tab=subordinatetaxa R. abortivus
4. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=233501102 var. aestivalis
5. http://www.tropicos.org/Name/27100721 var. aestivalis
6. http://data.gbif.org/species/Ranunculus%20amplexicaulis/ R. amplexicaulis
7. http://www.tropicos.org/Name/27101296?tab=synonyms R. illyricus
8. http://www.tropicos.org/Name/27105038 R. indivisus
9. http://www.acris.nynhp.org/guide.php?id=9277 R. micranthus
10. https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id621144/ R. millefolius
11. http://www.flowersinisrael.com/flowgallery3_yellow4.htm R. millefolius
12. http://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora_details.aspx?ID=1239 NZ Plant Conservation Network
13. https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/147637 UniProt
14. http://eol.org/pages/594908/details R. trilobus