List of Portuguese Air Force aircraft squadrons explained

List of Portuguese Air Force aircraft squadrons and flights, past and present.

Military Aeronautics (Army aviation) flying units

NameNative nameActiveBaseAircraftNotes
Mozambique Expeditionary FlightEsquadrilha Expedicionária a Moçambique1917–1918Mocimboa da Praia Airfield, MozambiqueFarman F.40 (3x)The first Portuguese operational unit of military aviation. Participated in the East African campaign of World War I
Angola Expedicionary FlightEsquadrilha Expedicionária Angola1918–1921Lubango, AngolaCaudron G-4 (9x)Transferred to Huambo. Transformed in the Angola Group of Aviation Flights (GEAA) in 1921
"Republic" Group of Aviation FlightsGrupo de Esquadrilhas de Aviação "República" (GEAR)1919–1927Amadora AirfieldBreguet 14, SPAD S.VII, AVRO 504K (May 1924) used by Cintra Flying School till 1934The first operational unit of military aviation created in European Portugal. Transformed in the Information Aviation Group (GAI) in 1927
Mix Depot and Aviation FlightEsquadrilha Mista de Aviação e Depósito (EMAD)1920–?Tancos AirfieldSPAD S.VII
Angola Group of Aviation FlightsGrupo de Esquadrilhas de Aviação de Angola (GEAA)1921–?Huambo, AngolaCaudron G-4, Caudron G-3, Breguet Br.14-A2 (12x)
Fighter Flight No. 1Esquadrilha Nº1 de Caça1926–1927Tancos AirfieldBreguet 14Transformed in the GIAPC in 1927
Independent Combat and Protection Aviation GroupGrupo Independente de Aviação de Protecção de Combate (GIAPC)1927–?Tancos AirfieldFighter unit
Information Aviation GroupGrupo de Aviação de Informação (GAI)1927–1938Amadora AirfieldReconnaissance unit
Independent Bombardment Aviation GroupGrupo Independente de Aviação de Bombardeamento (GIAB)1927–1940AlvercaStrategic bombing unit. Transferred from Amadora
Independent Assault Aviation FlightEsquadrilha Independente de Aviação de Assalto1939–1941Granja do MarquêsBreda Ba-65 (10x)Ground attack unit
Day Bombardment GroupGrupo de Bombardeamento de Dia1938–1940Ota AirfieldJunkers Ju 52/3m (10x)Strategic bombing unit
Day Bombardment GroupGrupo de Bombardeamento de Dia1940–?Ota AirfieldJunkers Ju 86K-7 (10x)Strategic bombing unit
Night Bombardment GroupGrupo de Bombardeamento de Noite1940–?Ota AirfieldJunkers Ju 52 (10x)Strategic bombing unit
Fighter FlightEsquadrilha de Caça1940–?Ota AirfieldGloster Gladiator II (15x)Air defense
Expeditionary Fighter Flight No. 1Esquadrilha Expedicionária de Caça Nº 11941–?Rabo de Peixe Airfield, AzoresGloster Gladiator IIAir defense and patrol squadron. Transferred from Tancos
Expeditionary Fighter Flight No. 2Esquadrilha Expedicionária de Caça nº21941–?Achada, AzoresGloster Gladiator IIAir defense and patrol squadron. Transferred from Ota
Mohawk FlightEsquadrilha Mohawk1941Ota AirfieldCurtiss 75A-4 MohawkAir defense. Squadron code XY
Expeditionary Fighter Flight No. 3Esquadrilha Expedicionária de Caça Nº 31941–?Rabo de Peixe Airfield, AzoresCurtiss 75A-4 MohawkAir defense
4 FlightEsquadrilha 41943–?Ota AirfieldBell P-39L AiracobraAir combat squadron. Also designated as Airacobra Squadron/Flight. Squadron code "OK"
SU FlightEsquadrilha SU1943–1944Ota AirfieldHawker Hurricane IIC
TY FlightEsquadrilha TY1943–1944Ota AirfieldHawker Hurricane IIB
VX FlightEsquadrilha VX1943–1944Ota AirfieldHawker Hurricane IIC
XZ FlightEsquadrilha XZ1943–1944Tancos AirfieldSupermarine Spitfire IAir defense squadron. Transferred to Ota as XZ 3rd Squadron
Information and Reconnaissance GroupGrupo de Reconhecimento e Informação1943–1952Tancos AirfieldWestland Lysander IIIAReconnaissance and liaison squadron
1st Flight / MR FlightEsquadrilha 1 / Esquadrilha MR1944–?Ota AirfieldSupermarine Spitfire VAir defense squadron
2nd Flight / RL FlightEsquadrilha 2 / Esquadrilha RL1944–?Ota AirfieldSupermarine Spitfire VAir defense squadron
Independent Fighter Aviation Squadron / VX FlightEsquadrilha Independente de Aviação de Caça (EIAC) / Esquadrilha VX1944–1946Portela AirfieldHawker Hurricane IICAir combat squadron
ZE FlightEsquadrilha ZE1944–?Ota AirfieldBristol Blenheim, Supermarine Spitfire, North American T-6 Texan
GL FlightEsquadrilha GL1944–?Tancos AirfieldHawker Hurricane
Squadron 41Esquadra 411947–1952Lajes Air BaseSB-17G Flying Fortress, Douglas C-54 Skymaster, SC-54/HC-54 SearchmasterSearch and rescue and maritime patrol squadron
RV FlightEsquadrilha RV1942–1948Espinho AirfieldHawker Hurricane
Independent Fighter Aviation GroupGrupo Independente de Aviação de Caça (GIAC)1948–1952Espinho AirfieldHawker HurricaneAir defense squadron. Merger of squadrons VX and RV
Training and Transport FlightEsquadrilha de Treino e Transporte (ETT)1947–1952Granja do Marquês AirfieldAvro Anson T.1, Avro 626Training and transport. Replaced by PoAF's 1st Transport Squadron

Portuguese Air Force flying units

Squadron designations

The basic aircraft unit of the Portuguese Air Force (PoAF) is the squadron (Portuguese: Esquadra), which is under the command and part of an operational group (Portuguese: Grupo Operacional). These operational groups are dependent of an air base and commonly use a numerical designation related to the air base's own numerical designation. (Example: Grupo Operacional 11 is dependent of Air Base No. 11.)

Since the Air Force's reorganization of 1978, squadrons have used a three digit designation, with some squadrons starting to adopt this designation system in 1977. The first digit indicates the squadron's primary mission, while the second digit indicates the type of aircraft operated, and with the third digit being a sequential number.

Primary mission designation:

1 – Instruction squadron;

2 – Fighter squadron;

3 – Attack squadron;

4 – Reconnaissance squadron;

5 – Transport squadron;

6 – Maritime patrol squadron;

7 – Search and Rescue squadron;

8 – Special function squadron;

Designation of the type of aircraft operated by the squadron:

0 – Fixed-wing aircraft;

1 – Mixed;

5 – Rotary-wing aircraft;

Until 1977, and prior to this designation system, the PoAF used both numerical designations and names for its flying squadrons. Names were almost exclusively used for small local liaison and transport units and dedicated training squadrons.

The squadrons that used a numerical designation received it based on the air base or base airfield number at which they were based in addition to a sequential number. In example, 51 and 52 Squadron were based at Air Base No. 5 and 122 Squadron was based at Air Base No. 12. Units based at base airfields (Portuguese: Aeródromo Base) received a zero as an additional digit in their numeric designation to help differentiate them from units based at air bases. In example, 501 Squadron was based at Base Airfield No. 5.

Flying squadrons

NameNative nameNicknameActiveBaseAircraftNotes
1st Transport Flight1ª Esquadra de Transportes1952–1953Portela AirfieldC-54 SkymasterTransport flight, replaced by 1st Military Air Transport Grouping
1st Military Air Transport Grouping 1º Agrupamento de Transportes Aéreos Militares1953–1961Portela AirfieldC-54 SkymasterTransport unit, replaced by 81 Squadron
2nd Military Air Transport Grouping 2º Agrupamento de Transportes Aéreos Militares1960–1961Air Base 6, MontijoDC-6Transport unit, replaced by 82 Squadron
81 SquadronEsquadra 811953–1972Portela AirfieldC-54 SkymasterTransport squadron, re-designated as 131 Squadron
Liaison and Training FlightEsquadrilha de Ligação e TreinoAir Base 2, OtaAvro Anson T.1, T-6 Texan, Miles Magister I
10 SquadronEsquadra 101952–1956Air Base 2, OtaF-47D ThunderboltTransferred to Tancos Air Base in 1955
11 SquadronEsquadra 111952–1956Air Base 2, OtaF-47D ThunderboltTransferred to Tancos Air Base in 1955
41 SquadronEsquadra 411952–1976Air Base 4, LajesSB-17G Flying Fortress, Douglas C-54 Skymaster, SC-54/HC-54 SearchmasterSearch and rescue and maritime patrol squadron. Replaced by 42 Squadron and 503 Squadron Golfinhos
20 SquadronEsquadra 201953–?Air Base 2, OtaF-47D Thunderbolt, T-33 Shooting StarAir combat and training squadron. First squadron of the Portuguese Air Force to be equipped with jet aircraft
21 SquadronEsquadra 211954–196?Air Base 2, OtaF-84G ThunderjetAir combat squadron
22 SquadronEsquadra 221955–1956Air Base 2, OtaF-84G Thunderjet, T-33 Shooting StarAir combat and advanced combat training
Composite SquadronEsquadra Mista1954–?"Sacadura Cabral" Naval Air Station, MontijoG-44 Widgeon, T-6 Texan, SB2C Helldiver
Anti-Submarine Operational Training SquadronEsquadra de Intrução Operacional Anti-Submarino?"Gago Coutinho" Aviation School, São JacintoSB2C Helldiver
Elementary Flying Training Squadron Esquadra de Instrução Elementar de Pilotagem (EIEP)195?–1974"Gago Coutinho" Aviation School, São Jacinto (later Air Base 7)Tiger Moth, DHC-1 ChipmunkRe-designated as 21 Squadron
Liaison and Training FlightEsquadrilha de Ligação e Treino1955–1955Air Base 3, TancosAirspeed Oxford, Piper L-21
Composite SquadronEsquadra Mista 1956–1959Air Base 3, TancosAirspeed Oxford, Piper L-21, Junkers Ju 52Portuguese: Esquadra Mista
Complementary Flying Training SquadronEsquadra de Instrução Complementar de Pilotagem (EICP)Caracóis (Snails)1956–1957Air Base 2, OtaT-33 Shooting StarRe-designated as Fighter Aircraft Complementary Flying Training Squadron (EICPAC – Esquadra de Instrução Complementar em Aviões de Caça)
103 Squadron / Fighter Aircraft Complementary Flying Training SquadronEsquadra 103 / Esquadra de Instrução Complementar de Aviões de Caça1957–1977Air Base 5, Monte RealT-33 Shooting StarTraining and fighter operational conversion. Re-designated as 103 Squadron
Heavy Aircraft Navigation and Complementary Training SquadronEsquadra de Instrução Complementar de Pilotagem e Navegação em Aviões Pesados (EICPNAP)1959–1963Air Base 3, TancosJunkers Ju 52Heavy aircraft navigational and complementary training squadron
Parachute Troops Transport and Training SquadronEsquadra de Treino e Transporte de Tropas Paraquedistas (ETTTP)1963–1971Air Base 3, TancosJunkers Ju 52Transport and training squadron. Replaced by 32 Squadron
1 Basic Flying Training SquadronEsquadra de Instrução Básica de Pilotagem nº 1 (EIBP 1)1964–?Air Base 7, São JacintoT-6 TexanBasic flight training
2 Basic Flying Training SquadronEsquadra de Instrução Básica de Pilotagem nº 2 (EIBP 2)Panchos (Panchos)1963–1977Air Base 1, SintraCessna T-37CElementary flight training squadron. Two flights: Esquadrilha n° 1, "Feras" (Beasts), and Esquadrilha n° 2, "Águias" (Eagles). Re-designated as 102 Squadron
Heavy Aircraft Complementary Training Squadron Esquadra de Instrução Complementar de Aviões Pesados (EICAP)1960–?Air Base 4, LajesC-47 Dakota, C-54 Skymaster
61 SquadronEsquadra 611956–1977Air Base 6, MontijoPV-2 Harpoon, P2V-5 NeptuneAnti-submarine and maritime patrol squadron. Maintained several temporary Neptune detachments in Africa until the end of the Colonial War
62 SquadronEsquadra 621956–1961Air Base 6, MontijoPV-2 HarpoonAnti-submarine, maritime patrol and ground attack. Deployed to Africa
50 SquadronEsquadra 501958Air Base 2, OtaF-86F SabreReformed as 51 Squadron
51 SquadronEsquadra 51Falcões (Falcons)1959–1978Air Base 5, Monte RealF-86F Sabre, Fiat G.91, T-38A TalonAircraft assigned to the squadron used a blue tail scheme. Re-designated as 201 Squadron
52 SquadronEsquadra 52Galos (Roosters)1959–1961Air Base 5, Monte RealF-86F SabreAircraft assigned to the squadron used a red tail scheme
82 SquadronEsquadra 821961–1972Portela AirfieldDC-6Transport squadron. Re-designated as 132 Squadron
91 SquadronEsquadra 911961–1975Air Base 9, LuandaPV-2 Harpoon, Fiat G.91R/4Ground attack and reconnaissance
92 SquadronEsquadra 92Elefantes (Elephants)1961–1974Air Base 9, LuandaNord Noratlas
93 SquadronEsquadra 93Magníficos (Magnificences)1961–?Air Base 9, LuandaF-84G Thunderjet, B-26 Invader
94 SquadronEsquadra 94Moscas (Flies)1963–1975Air Base 9, LuandaAlouette II and Alouette IIIHelicopter squadron
103 SquadronEsquadra 1031962Air Base 10, BeiraPV-2 HarpoonGround attack and reconnaissance squadron. Activated on February 1 and re-designated as 101 Squadron on November 19, 1962
101 SquadronEsquadra 1011962–?Air Base 10, BeiraPV-2 HarpoonGround attack and reconnaissance squadron
102 SquadronEsquadra 1021962–?Air Base 10, BeiraNord Noratlas
Liaison and Training SquadronEsquadra de Ligação e TreinoAir Base 10, BeiraAuster D.5, T-6 Texan
Operational SquadronEsquadra OperacionalBase Airfield 3, NegageDornier Do 27Portuguese: Esquadra Operacional do Aeródromo Base Nº 3
Airplane and Helicopter Mix Training Squadron Esquadra Mista de Instrução de Aviões e Helicópteros (EMIAH)1965–1968Air Base 3, TancosAlouette II and Alouette III
121 SquadronEsquadra 121Cafeteiras (Coffee pots)1965Air Base 12, BissauDornier Do 27Forward air controller, liaison and close air support squadron
121 SquadronEsquadra 121Tigres (Tigers)1966Air Base 12, BissauFiat G.91Close air support and air defense squadron
121 SquadronEsquadra 121Roncos (Roars)1967–?Air Base 12, BissauT-6 TexanForward air controller and close air support squadron
122 SquadronEsquadra 122Canibais (Cannibals)1969–?Air Base 12, BissauAlouette IIIClose air support and tactical transport squadron. Alouette III armed with 20 mm cannons. Two flights: Canibais and Lobo Mau (Big Bad Wolf)
123 SquadronEsquadra 1231969–?Air Base 12, BissauNord Noratlas, Dornier Do 27
Liaison, Training and Rescue SquadronEsquadra de Ligação Treino e Socorro (ELTS)1970–?Portela AirfieldC-47 Dakota, C-45 Expeditor, Max Holste BroussardLiaison, transport and search and rescue squadron
31 SquadronEsquadra 31Tigres (Tigers)1970–?Air Base 3, TancosT-6 Texan, Dornier Do 27, Auster D.5Liaison, reconnaissance and close air support squadron. Mix Operational Squadron (Portuguese: Esquadra Operacional Mista)
32 SquadronEsquadra 321971–1978Air Base 3, TancosJunkers Ju 52, Nord NoratlasTransport aircraft squadron
33 Squadron / Helicopter Complementary Training SquadronEsquadra 33 / Esquadra de Instrução Complementar de Helicópteros (EICH)Zangões (Drones)1968–1978Air Base 3, TancosAlouette II, Alouette III
402 SquadronEsquadra 402Saltimbancos (Mountebanks)1969–1975Base Airfield 4, Henrique de CarvalhoAlouette III
403 SquadronEsquadra 4031971–?Base Airfield 4, Henrique de CarvalhoPV-2 Harpoon, C-47 Dakota
501 SquadronEsquadra 501Tigres (Tigers)1969–?Base Airfield 5, NacalaT-6 Texan, Dornier Do 27Close air support and reconnaissance squadron
502 SquadronEsquadra 502Jaguares (Jaguars)1969–?Base Airfield 5, NacalaFiat G.91R/4Close air support, air defense, and reconnaissance squadron
503 SquadronEsquadra 503Índios (Indians)1967–1975Base Airfield 5, NacalaAlouette III
601 SquadronEsquadra 601Venenosos (Poisonous)Base Airfield 6, Nova FreixoT-6 TexanLiaison and close air support squadron
701 SquadronEsquadra 701MuskardosBase Airfield 7, TeteT-6 Texan, Dornier Do 27, Cessna 185Liaison and close air support squadron
702 SquadronEsquadra 702Escorpiões (Scorpions)1969–?Base Airfield 7, TeteFiat G.91R/4Close air support, air defense, and reconnaissance squadron
703 SquadronEsquadra 703Vampiros (Vampires)Base Airfield 7, TeteAlouette III, SA 330 PumaTransport and MEDEVAC squadron
B-26 DetachmentDestacamento B-26Diabos (Devils)1970Air Base 12, BissauB-26 InvaderOperational testing of the B-26 in tropical environment
801 SquadronEsquadra 801Base Airfield 8, Lourenço MarquesC-47 DakotaTransport squadron
802 SquadronEsquadra 802Pegasos (Pegasus)Base Airfield 8, Lourenço MarquesT-6 TexanClose air support
131 SquadronEsquadra 1311971Portela AirfieldDC-6Transport squadron
132 SquadronEsquadra 1321971–1976Portela AirfieldBoeing 707-3F5CTransport squadron
21 SquadronEsquadra 21Magos (Wizards)1974–1976Air Base 2, OtaDHC-1 ChipmunkElementary flight training squadron
701 SquadronEsquadra 701Jakarés (Alligators)1975–1994Air Base 2, OtaCessna Skymaster FTB-337GLiaison and transport. Re-designated as 505 Squadron
42 SquadronEsquadra 421976–1977Air Base 4, LajesSA 330 PumaSearch and rescue squadron. Re-designated as 752 Squadron
101 SquadronEsquadra 101Roncos (Roars)1978–curr.Air Base 11, Beja[1] TB 30 EpsilonElementary and basic flying training squadron
102 SquadronEsquadra 102Panchos (Panchos)1977–1992Air Base 1, SintraCessna T-37CElementary flight training squadron
103 SquadronEsquadra 103Caracóis (Snails)1955–curr.Air Base 11, BejaT-33 Shooting Star, T-38 Talon, Alpha JetComplementary flight training and operational transition training squadron
111 SquadronEsquadra 1111978–1993Air Base 3, TancosAlouette II, Alouette III, C-212 AviocarFixed-wing multi-engine flight and helicopter flight instruction
201 SquadronEsquadra 201Falcões (Falcons)1978–1981
1993–curr.
Air Base 5, Monte RealF-16 Fighting Falcon
301 SquadronEsquadra 301Jaguares (Jaguars)1978–curr.Air Base 5, Monte RealFiat G.91, Alpha Jet, F-16 Fighting Falcon
302 SquadronEsquadra 302Falcões (Falcons)1981–1996Air Base 5, Monte RealA-7 Corsair IIAttack and air defense squadron
304 SquadronEsquadra 304Magníficos (Magnificences)1984–1999Air Base 5, Monte RealA-7 Corsair IIAttack and air defense squadron
401 SquadronEsquadra 401Cientistas (Scientists)1966–2011Air Base 6, MontijoC-212 AviocarPhotographic survey, reconnaissance, and maritime patrol squadron
501 SquadronEsquadra 501Bisontes (Bisons)1977–curr.Air Base 6, MontijoC-130 HerculesTransport squadron
502 SquadronEsquadra 502Elefantes (Elephants)1978–curr.Air Base 6, MontijoC-212 Aviocar, C-295MTactical and general transport, maritime patrol, MEDEVAC squadron. Detachment operating from Lajes Air Base
503 SquadronEsquadra 503Golfinhos (Dolphins)1977–1993Air Base 4, LajesC-212 AviocarTransport and maritime patrol squadron, initially designated as Maritime Patrol and Transport Squadron (Portuguese: Esquadra de Transporte e Patrulhamento Marítimo). Merged into 711 Squadron
504 SquadronEsquadra 504Linces (Lynxes)1985–curr.Air Base 6, MontijoDassault Falcon 20DC, Dassault Falcon 50VIP transport and medical evacuation squadron
505 SquadronEsquadra 505Jakarés (Alligators)1994–2005Air Base 6, MontijoCessna Skymaster FTB-337GLiaison and transport. Also designated as 505 Flight (Portuguese: Esquadrilha 505)
551 SquadronEsquadra 5511978–1986Air Base 6, MontijoAlouette IIITactical air transport
552 SquadronEsquadra 552Zangões (Drones)1978–curr.Air Base 1, SintraAW119 Mk II KoalaTactical air transport, helicopter flight training squadron. Search and rescue detachment operating from Ovar
711 SquadronEsquadra 711Albatrozes (Albatrosses)1993–2008Air Base 4, LajesSA 330 Puma, C-212 AviocarSearch and rescue and MEDEVAC squadron
751 SquadronEsquadra 751Pumas (Pumas)1978–curr.Air Base 1, SintraEH-101 MerlinSearch and rescue and transport squadron. Detachment operating from Lajes Air Base
752 SquadronEsquadra 752Pumas (Pumas)1977–1993
2008–2011
Air Base 4, LajesSA 330 PumaSearch and rescue and transport squadron. Merged into 711 Squadron
601 SquadronEsquadra 601Lobos (Wolves)1986–curr.Air Base 11, BejaP-3 OrionMaritime patrol and anti-submarine warfare
802 SquadronEsquadra 802Águias (Eagles)1977–curr.Air Base 11, SintraSchleicher ASK 21, DHC-1 Chipmunk, LET L-23Air Force Academy flight instruction squadron

See also

References

Bibliography

External links

Notes and References

  1. Book: AirForces Monthly. August 2020. Key Publishing Ltd. Stamford, Lincolnshire, England. 10.