A podium sweep is when one team wins all available medals in a single event in a sporting event. At the highest level, that would be when one nation wins all the medals in the Summer Olympics Athletics.[1] Many Olympic sports or events do not allow three entries into a single event in the Olympics, making a sweep impossible. But in Athletics (excluding relays) the maximum for a single country is three.
In the beginning, before the Olympics became a global event, sweeps were more common amongst fewer competing countries and larger numbers of entries from a single country. After the 1908 Olympics, a sweep became an increasingly treasured status symbol of national dominance in an event. 1964 was the first Olympiad to have no sweeps. Since then there were no sweeps in 1972, 1996 and 2000.
Sweeps have happened in every long term event in the individual program, except the 5000 metres. It has happened eight times in the 200 metres and 110 metres hurdles, seven in the Shot Put. A steeplechase event has had a sweep five times, by four countries.
Ray Ewry led 5 sweeps, including three from 1904, with Irving Baxter, Charles King and Joseph Stadler joining him in two each and Robert Garrett in one, plus adding a different sweep in 1900. That other sweep joined Josiah McCracken who was part of a different sweep. Ellery Clark, Robert Garrett and James Connolly swept two events together in 1896. Archie Hahn, Nate Cartmell and William Hogenson duplicated that in 1904. More recently, Carl Lewis has led three Olympic sweeps, Mike Powell has finished behind him in two. Yuriy Sedykh, Glenn Davis and Lee Calhoun have also led two sweeps, Sedykh later a participant in a third in 1988 that involved a reordering of the same three from 1980. Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce led the Jamaican 100m sweep in 2008 and participated in the 2020 Tokyo 100m sweep, with a silver.
In women's sports, sweeps have only occurred 9 times. The Pentathlon and the 100 metres are the only events to have more than one occurrence.
| Olympiad | Event | Country | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1952 Helsinki | Discus throw | Nina Romashkova 51.42 m | Elizaveta Bagryantseva 47.08 m | Nina Dumbadze 46.29 m | ||
| 1976 Montreal | Pentathlon | Siegrun Siegl 4745 | Christine Laser 4745 | Burglinde Pollak 4740 | ||
| 1980 Moscow | 800 metres | Nadiya Olizarenko 1:53.43 WR | Olga Mineeva 1:54.81 | Tatyana Providokhina 1:55.46 | ||
| Pentathlon | Nadiya Tkachenko 5083 WR | Olga Rukavishnikova 4937 | Olga Kuragina 4875 | |||
| 2004 Athens | Long jump | Tatyana Lebedeva 7.07 m | Irina Simagina 7.05 m | Tatyana Kotova 7.05 m | ||
| 2008 Beijing | 100 metres | Shelly-Ann Fraser 10.78 | Sherone Simpson 10.98 | none awarded | ||
| Kerron Stewart 10.98 | ||||||
| 2012 London | 20 kilometres walk | Qieyang Shenjie 1:25:16 OR | Liu Hong 1:26:00 | Lü Xiuzhi 1:27:10 | ||
| 2016 Rio de Janeiro | 100 metre hurdles | Brianna Rollins 12.48 | Nia Ali 12.59 | Kristi Castlin 12.61 | ||
| 2020 Tokyo | 100 metres | Elaine Thompson-Herah 10.61 OR | Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce 10.74 | Shericka Jackson 10.76 |