List of Neanderthal sites explained

This is a list of archeological sites where remains or tools of Neanderthals were found.

Europe

Belgium

• Schmerling Caves, Engis
• Naulette
• Scladina
• Spy-sur-l'Orneau
• Veldwezelt-Hezerwater

France

• Vaucluse, Bau de l'Aubesier
• Biache-Saint-Vaast
• Bruniquel Cave
• Châtelperron
• Combe Grenal
• Eguisheim^[1]
• Grotte du Renne at Arcy-sur-Cure
• La Chaise
• La Chapelle-aux-Saints
• La Ferrassie
• La Quina
• Le Moustier
• Le Regourdou
• Lussac-les-Châteaux, Les Rochers-de-Villeneuve
• Ardèche#Prehistoric and ancient history, Moula-Guercy
• Saint-Césaire

Germany

• Ehringsdorf
• Neanderthal 1, Neander Valley
• Salzgitter-Lebenstedt

Netherlands

• Krijn, Northsea shore

United Kingdom

• Bontnewydd, Llanelwy (Wales)
• Creswell Crags (England)
• La Cotte de St Brelade (Jersey, Channel Islands)
• Lynford Quarry (England)
• Swanscombe Heritage Park (England)

Spain

• Abrigo de la Quebrada (Valencian Community)
• L'Arbreda
• Atapuerca Mountains
• Axlor
• Banyoles (Catalonia)
• Carihuela (Andalucia)
• Cova Foradà (Valencian Community)^[2]
• Cova Negra (Valencian Community)^[3]
• Cueva de Bolomor (Valencian Community, Spain) ^[4]
• Cueva Negra (Region of Murcia)
• El Salt (Valencian Community)^[5]
  • Roca dels Bous (archaeological site) Sidrón Cave (Asturias)
• Sima de las Palomas (Region of Murcia)
• Zafarraya (Granada)
• Cova del Gegant (Sitges)^[6]

Portugal

• Furninha cave
• Abrigo do Lagar Velho (Leiria)
• Figueira Brava (Arrabida Mountains)

Gibraltar

• Neanderthals of Gibraltar

Italy

• Monte Circeo
• Saccopastore
• Altamura
• Guattari Cave

Croatia

• Krapina Neanderthal site
• Vindija Cave

Serbia

• Pešturina^[7]
• Velika Balanica^[8]

Slovenia

• Divje Babe

Hungary

• Suba-lyuk, Bükk Mountains^[9]

Slovakia

• Gánovce
• Ochoz
• Šaľa

Poland

• Jaskinia Ciemna

Ukraine

• Kiik-Koba
• Moldova I^[10]
• Staroselje

Czech Republic

• Kůlna
• Šipka

Russia

• • Mezmaiskaya Cave Sukhaya Mechetka

Romania

• Peștera cu Oase
• Peștera Muierilor

Asia

Israel

• Nahal Amud
• Kebara
• Tabun

Iran

• Bisitun Cave
• Wezmeh^[11]

Syria

• Dederiyeh^{[12] [13]}

Turkey

• Karain

Lebanon

• Ksar Akil

Iraq

• Shanidar

Uzbekistan

• Teshik-Tash
• Aman-Kutan
• Obi-Rakhmat Grotto^[14]

Russia

• Chagyrskaya Cave
• Okladnikov Cave
• Denisova Cave

Azerbaijan

• Azykh Cave

Notes and References

1. Crafting a New Science: Defining Paleoanthropology and Its Relationship to Prehistoric Archaeology, 1860–1890. Matthew R.. Goodrum. 26727221. Isis. 105. 4. 2014. 706–33. 10.1086/679420. 10.1086/679420. 25665380.
2. 10.1371/journal.pone.0076852 . 24146934 . 3797767 . Toothpicking and Periodontal Disease in a Neanderthal Specimen from Cova Foradà Site (Valencia, Spain) . PLOS ONE . 8 . 10 . e76852 . 2013 . Lozano . Marina . Subirà . Maria Eulàlia . Aparicio . José . Lorenzo . Carlos . Gómez-Merino . Gala . 2013PLoSO...876852L . free .
3. 10.1016/j.jhevol.2006.07.011 . 16979220 . New Neandertal remains from Cova Negra (Valencia, Spain) . Journal of Human Evolution . 52 . 1 . 31–58 . 2007 . Arsuaga . J.L . Villaverde . V . Quam . R . Martínez . I . Carretero . J.M . Lorenzo . C . Gracia . A .
4. 10.1016/j.jhevol.2012.02.002 . 22440746 . Fossil human remains from Bolomor Cave (Valencia, Spain) . Journal of Human Evolution . 62 . 5 . 629–39 . 2012 . Arsuaga . Juan Luis . Fernández Peris . Josep . Gracia-Téllez . Ana . Quam . Rolf . Carretero . José Miguel . Barciela González . Virginia . Blasco . Ruth . Cuartero . Felipe . Sañudo . Pablo .
5. http://sociedad.elpais.com/sociedad/2014/06/25/actualidad/1403722548_490561.html Los neandertales completaban con vegetales su dieta carnívora
6. 10.1016/j.jhevol.2005.03.004 . 15896823 . A Neandertal mandible from the Cova del Gegant (Sitges, Barcelona, Spain) . Journal of Human Evolution . 49 . 1 . 56–70 . 2005 . Daura . J . Sanz . M . Subirá . M.E . Quam . R . Fullola . J.M . Arsuaga . J.L .
7. Predrag Radović, Joshua Lindal, Dušan Mihailović, Mirjana Roksandić . The first Neanderthal specimen from Serbia: Maxillary first molar from the Late Pleistocene of Pešturina Cave . June 2019 . 139–151 . Journal of Human Evolution. 131 . 10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.03.018 . 31182199 . 145899241 .
8. Roksandic . Mirjana . Radović . Predrag . Lindal . Joshua . Mihailović . Dušan . 2022-05-01 . Early Neanderthals in contact: The Chibanian (Middle Pleistocene) hominin dentition from Velika Balanica Cave, Southern Serbia . Journal of Human Evolution . en . 166 . 103175 . 10.1016/j.jhevol.2022.103175 . 35339947 . 247688781 . 0047-2484.
9. Zs. Mester et al.: First direct dating of the Late Neanderthal remains from Subalyuk Cave in Northern Hungary Athropologischer Anzeiger, In press, 81 (2), pp.169-181. 10.1127/anthranz/2023/1716. hal-04336905
10. http://archaeology.about.com/od/mterms/g/molodova.htm About.com Archaeology, Moldova I (Ukraine)
11. Zanolli, Clément, Fereidoun Biglari, Marjan Mashkour, Kamyar Abdi, Herve Monchot, Karyne Debue, Arnaud Mazurier, Priscilla Bayle, Mona Le Luyer, Hélène Rougier, Erik Trinkaus, Roberto Macchiarelli. (2019). Neanderthal from the Central Western Zagros, Iran. Structural reassessment of the Wezmeh 1 maxillary premolar. Journal of Human Evolution, Vol: 135.
12. Akazawa . Takeru . Sultan . Muhesen . Yukio . Dodo . Osamu . Kondo . Yuji . Mizoguchi . Yoshito . Abe . Yoshihiro . Nishiaki . Shoji . Ohta . Takashi . Oguchi . Jamal . Haydal . 1995 . Neanderthal infant burial from the Dederiyeh Cave in Syria . Paléorient . 21 . 2 . 77–86 . 41492634 . 10.3406/paleo.1995.4619 .
13. 10.1017/S0003598X00113407 . Akazawa Takeru & Muhesen Sultan (ed.). Neanderthal burials: excavations of the Dederiyeh Cave, Afrin, Syria. xxvii+394 pages, 163 figures, 66 plates, 115 tables. 2003. Auckland: KW; 4-9901694-3-3 hardback . Antiquity . 78 . 301 . 728–9 . 2015 . Schepartz . Lynne . 164686600 .
14. 10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.12.007 . 18499228 . New hominin remains from Uzbekistan . Journal of Human Evolution . 55 . 2 . 223–37 . 2008 . Glantz . Michelle . Viola . Bence . Wrinn . Patrick . Chikisheva . Tatiana . Derevianko . Anatoly . Krivoshapkin . Andrei . Islamov . Uktur . Suleimanov . Rustam . Ritzman . Terrence .