Though U.S. colleges had been fielding men's ice hockey teams since 1895,[1] the NCAA did not have a formal tournament in place to decide a champion until after World War II.[2] Starting with the 1947-48 season, the NCAA tournament invited the four top-ranked teams to Colorado Springs, Colorado to compete for the NCAA Championship.
| No. | Season | Tournament | No. of teams in tournament | Start | Finish | NCAA Champion (number) | Champion Conference | Champion Record | Championship Site | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1947–48 | 1948 | 4 | March 20 | None | (20–2–1) | Colorado Springs, Colorado | |||
| 2 | 1948–49 | 4 | March 19 | None | (21–1–0) | Colorado Springs, Colorado | ||||
| 3 | 1949–50 | 1950 | 4 | March 18 | None | (18–5–1) | Colorado Springs, Colorado | |||
| 4 | 1950–51 | 4 | March 17 | (2) | None | (22–4–1) | Colorado Springs, Colorado | |||
| 5 | 1951–52 | 1952 | 4 | March 15 | (3) | MCHL | (22–4–0) | Colorado Springs, Colorado | ||
| 6 | 1952–53 | 1953 | 4 | March 14 | (4) | MCHL | (22–4–0) | Colorado Springs, Colorado | ||
| 7 | 1953–54 | 1954 | 4 | March 13 | Tri-State League | (18–5–0) | Colorado Springs, Colorado | |||
| 8 | 1954–55 | 1955 | 4 | March 12 | (5) | WIHL | (18–5–1) | Colorado Springs, Colorado | ||
| 9 | 1955–56 | 1956 | 4 | March 17 | (6) | WIHL | (20–2–1) | Colorado Springs, Colorado | ||
| 10 | 1956–57 | 1957 | 4 | March 16 | (2) | WIHL | (25–5–0) | Colorado Springs, Colorado |
After spending 10 years at one location, the NCAA began to move the Division I ice hockey tournament to different sites. Over the next 14 years, the tournament was held in 11 different venues and, more importantly to the northeast teams, was held in New England eight times. While the rotations stopped briefly in 1972, they resumed after 1974 and the tournament has not been held in the same city for consecutive years since.
For the 30th season of the tournament, which had become the de facto possession of the WCHA and ECAC, the NCAA instituted a new rule by which they were able to add up to four additional teams to the tournament if they saw fit. This policy essentially became a vehicle allowing the CCHA champion to play with the lone exception coming in 1978. For the 1981 tournament the NCAA altered the rule to guarantee a full quarterfinal round and started including true 'at large' teams for the first time. Between 1981 and 1987 the quarterfinals consisted of two games where the team that scored the most goals in the two games would advance to the "Frozen Four". Between 1977 and 1987 Detroit, Michigan and Providence, Rhode Island would each host the tournament 4 separate times.
| No. | Season | Tournament | No. of teams in tournament | Start | Finish | NCAA Champion (number) | Champion Conference | Champion Record | Championship Site | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30 | 1976–77 | 1977 | 5 | March 26 | (2) | WCHA | (37–7–1) | Detroit, Michigan | ||
| 31 | 1977–78 | 1978 | 6 | March 25 | (3) | ECAC | (30–2–0) | Providence, Rhode Island | ||
| 32 | 1978–79 | 1979 | 5 | March 24 | (3) | WCHA | (32–11–1) | Detroit, Michigan | ||
| 33 | 1979–80 | 1980 | 5 | March 29 | (3) | WCHA | (31–8–1) | Providence, Rhode Island | ||
| 34 | 1980–81 | 1981 | 8 | March 28 | (3) | WCHA | (27–14–1) | Duluth, Minnesota | ||
| 35 | 1981–82 | 1982 | 8 | March 27 | (4) | WCHA | (35–12–0) | Providence, Rhode Island | ||
| 36 | 1982–83 | 1983 | 8 | March 26 | (4) | WCHA | (33–10–4) | Grand Forks, North Dakota | ||
| 37 | 1983–84 | 1984 | 8 | March 24 | CCHA | (34–8–2) | Lake Placid, New York | |||
| 38 | 1984–85 | 1985 | 8 | March 30 | (2) | ECAC | (35–2–1) | Detroit, Michigan | ||
| 39 | 1985–86 | 1986 | 8 | March 29 | (2) | CCHA | (34–9–2) | Providence, Rhode Island | ||
| 40 | 1986–87 | 1987 | 8 | March 28 | (5) | WCHA | (40–8–0) | Detroit, Michigan |
With 4 major conferences and a myriad of independent programs competing at the Division I level, the tournament was expanded to 12 teams beginning with the 1987-88 season. The first round followed the same pattern as the quarterfinals with teams playing two games against a single opponent and the one with a higher goal total after the series advancing. The rest of the tournament retained the earlier format. One year later the goal-total format was abandoned and replaced by a best-of-three series for the opening round and quarterfinals. In 1992 the entire tournament was switched to a single-elimination format and divided into two regional locations that would feed into the "Frozen Four". For the first time, in 1999, the championship was held in a region without a local Division I program when the championship round was awarded to Anaheim, California.
| No. | Season | Tournament | No. of teams in tournament | Start | Finish | NCAA Champion (number) | Champion Conference | Champion Record | Championship Site |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 41 | 1987–88 | 1988 | 12 | April 2 | CCHA | (33–7–6) | Lake Placid, New York | ||
| 42 | 1988–89 | 1989 | 12 | April 1 | ECAC | (31–3–0) | St. Paul, Minnesota | ||
| 43 | 1989–90 | 1990 | 12 | April 1 | (5) | WCHA | (36–9–1) | Detroit, Michigan | |
| 44 | 1990–91 | 1991 | 12 | March 30 | WCHA | (38–5–4) | St. Paul, Minnesota | ||
| 45 | 1991–92 | 1992 | 12 | April 4 | (2) | CCHA | (30–9–4) | Albany, New York | |
| 46 | 1992–93 | 1993 | 12 | April 3 | Hockey East | (42–1–2) | Milwaukee, Wisconsin | ||
| 47 | 1993–94 | 1994 | 12 | April 2 | (3) | CCHA | (31–10–4) | St. Paul, Minnesota | |
| 48 | 1994–95 | 1995 | 12 | April 1 | (4) | Hockey East | (31–6–3) | Providence, Rhode Island | |
| 49 | 1995–96 | 1996 | 12 | March 30 | (8) | CCHA | (34–7–2) | Cincinnati, Ohio | |
| 50 | 1996–97 | 1997 | 12 | March 29 | (6) | WCHA | (31–10–2) | Milwaukee, Wisconsin | |
| 51 | 1997–98 | 1998 | 12 | April 4 | (9) | CCHA | (34–11–1) | Boston, Massachusetts | |
| 52 | 1998–99 | 1999 | 12 | October 3 | April 3 | (2) | Hockey East | (31–6–4) | Anaheim, California |
| 53 | 1999–00 | 2000 | 12 | October 1 | April 8 | (7) | WCHA | (31–8–5) | Providence, Rhode Island |
| 54 | 2000–01 | 2001 | 12 | October 6 | April 7 | (2) | Hockey East | (33–8–2) | Albany, New York |
| 55 | 2001–02 | 2002 | 12 | October 5 | April 6 | (4) | WCHA | (32–8–4) | St. Paul, Minnesota |
After the addition of two more conferences around the turn of the century (MAAC and CHA, neither of which now sponsors men's hockey) bringing up the total number to 6, and with each receiving an at-large bid starting in 2001 and 2003 respectively, the tournament was again expanded by 4 teams. Two additional regional groups were added (Northeast and Midwest) and byes into the quarterfinals were eliminated. Additionally the "Frozen Four" was seen as a vehicle to increase both revenue and the popularity of college hockey, as such the apex of the tournament began to move around to non-traditional college hockey areas, usually in the buildings of NHL teams.
The first decade of the 21st century saw significant changes to hockey's conference landscape. After the 2002–03 season, the MAAC hockey programs split from the league to form the Atlantic Hockey Association. CHA stopped sponsoring men's hockey after the 2009–10 season, but continued to operate as a women's league through the 2023–24 season.
| No. | Season | Tournament | No. of teams in tournament | Start | Finish | NCAA Champion (number) | Champion Conference | Champion Record | Championship Site | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 56 | 2002–03 | 2003 | 16 | October 4 | April 12 | (5) | WCHA | (28–8–9) | Buffalo, New York | |
| 57 | 2003–04 | 2004 | 16 | October 3 | April 10 | (6) | WCHA | (27–12–5) | Boston, Massachusetts | |
| 58 | 2004–05 | 2005 | 16 | October 3 | April 9 | (7) | WCHA | (32–9–2) | Columbus, Ohio | |
| 59 | 2005–06 | 2006 | 16 | October 7 | April 8 | (6) | WCHA | (30–10–3) | Milwaukee, Wisconsin | |
| 60 | 2006–07 | 2007 | 16 | October 6 | April 7 | (3) | CCHA | (26–13–3) | St. Louis, Missouri | |
| 61 | 2007–08 | 2008 | 16 | October 7 | April 12 | (3) | Hockey East | (25–11–8) | Denver, Colorado | |
| 62 | 2008–09 | 2009 | 16 | October 10 | April 11 | (5) | Hockey East | (35–6–4) | Washington, D.C. | |
| 63 | 2009–10 | 2010 | 16 | October 8 | April 10 | (4) | Hockey East | (29–10–3) | Detroit, Michigan | |
| 64 | 2010–11 | 2011 | 16 | October 2 | April 9 | WCHA | (26–10–6) | St. Paul, Minnesota | ||
| 65 | 2011–12 | 2012 | 16 | October 1 | April 7 | (5) | Hockey East | (33–10–1) | Tampa, Florida | |
| 66 | 2012–13 | 2013 | 16 | October 6 | April 13 | ECAC | (22–12–3) | Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania |
In 2010, Terry Pegula, an alumnus of Pennsylvania State University, donated $102 million to his alma mater for the express purpose of building a brand-new hockey arena and to fund the upgrade of both the men's and women's ice hockey programs from club level to Division I.[3] This began a chain of events that caused a massive amount of conference realignment, the founding of two new conferences, and the ending of one of the oldest conferences in the NCAA. Penn State's rise to the D-I ranks gave the Big Ten its sixth university that sponsored varsity men's ice hockey, a number significant for two reasons. First, Big Ten bylaws dictate that the conference can only sponsor a sport if it has at least six participating members. More significantly, NCAA rules on conference formation dictate that at least six teams must be present for a conference to receive an automatic bid into the NCAA tournament. In short order the other five teams announced their intention to leave their conferences (WCHA and CCHA). In response several members of the WCHA, including traditional powerhouses Denver and North Dakota, split to form a new conference, the NCHC. The NCHC quickly grew to 8 member teams, leaving the WCHA with only 4 remaining schools and the CCHA with 6. Five of the remaining CCHA schools then proceeded to join the WCHA, along with the Independent Alabama-Huntsville, bringing the WCHA up to 10 member schools. The remaining CCHA team, Notre Dame, joined Hockey East. In essence all of the universities that changed conferences were not significantly harmed by the upheaval because no team was left without a conference by the start of the 2013–14 season. However, the shift did create one more automatic qualifier for the tournament, reducing the chance to receive an at-large bid for all schools across the nation.[4]
In November 2019, the seven Midwestern schools among the 10 members of the men's WCHA jointly announced they would leave the league after the 2020–21 season, citing the league's extended geographic footprint as a reason for this move.[5] On February 18, 2020, these seven schools announced they would start play in a new CCHA in the 2021–22 season.[6] In July of that year, the revived CCHA announced that St. Thomas, which had just received NCAA approval to move directly from Division III to Division I starting in July 2021, would join the league upon its arrival in D-I.[7]
The 2020 tournament was canceled on March 12, 2020, just before the start of most conference postseason tournaments, due to concerns from the COVID-19 pandemic.[8]
After the 2023–24 season, the Atlantic Hockey Association merged with the women's College Hockey America to form Atlantic Hockey America. The predecessor conferences had operated with a single commissioner and office staff since 2010.[9]
| No. | Season | Tournament | No. of teams in tournament | Start | Finish | NCAA Champion (number) | Champion Conference | Champion Record | Championship Site | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 67 | 16 | October 4 | April 12 | (30–6–4) | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | |||||
| 68 | 16 | October 4 | April 13 | (26–13–2) | Boston, Massachusetts | |||||
| 69 | 16 | October 3 | April 9 | (8) | (34–6–4) | Tampa, Florida | ||||
| 70 | 16 | October 1 | April 8 | (8) | (33–7–4) | Chicago, Illinois | ||||
| 71 | 16 | October 1 | April 7 | (2) | (25–16–3) | St. Paul, Minnesota | ||||
| 72 | 16 | October 6 | April 13 | (3) | (29–11–2) | Buffalo, New York | ||||
| 73 | Tournament canceled due to COVID-19 pandemic[10] | Detroit, Michigan | ||||||||
| 74 | 16 | November 14 | April 10 | (20–5–4) | Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania | |||||
| 75 | 16 | October 2 | April 9 | (9) | (31–9–1) | Boston, Massachusetts | ||||
| 76 | 16 | October 1 | April 8 | (34–4–3) | Tampa, Florida | |||||
| 77 | 16 | October 6 | April 14 | (10) | (30–9–3) | Saint Paul, Minnesota | ||||
Colors = id:ncaa value:rgb(0.5,0.8,0.8) id:barcolor value:rgb(0.95,0.5,0.4) id:line value:black id:bg value:white PlotData= width:15 textcolor:black shift:(5,-5) anchor:from fontsize:s
bar:1 color:ncaa from:07/01/1947 till:end text:NCAA Tournament (1947–Present) bar:2 color:barcolor from:07/01/1950 till:05/01/1964 text:Tri-State League (1950–64) bar:2 color:barcolor from:08/01/1964 till:06/30/1972 text:IACA (1964–72) bar:3 color:barcolor from:07/01/1951 till:05/01/1953 text:MCHL (1951–53) WIHL (1953–58) bar:3 color:barcolor from:08/01/1953 till:05/01/1958 text: bar:3 color:barcolor from:08/01/1959 till:05/01/2021 text: WCHA (1959–2021) bar:4 color:barcolor from:07/01/1958 till:06/30/1981 text:Big Ten (1958–81, 2013–present) bar:4 color:barcolor from:07/01/2013 till:end text: bar:5 color:barcolor from:07/01/1961 till:end text:ECAC (1961–present) bar:6 color:barcolor from:07/01/1971 till:06/30/2013 text:CCHA (1971–2013, 2021–present) bar:6 color:barcolor from:07/01/2021 till:end text: bar:7 color:barcolor from:07/01/1984 till:end text:Hockey East (1984–present) bar:8 color:barcolor from:07/01/1985 till:06/30/1988 text:GWHC (1985–88) bar:9 color:barcolor from:07/01/1998 till:05/01/2003 text:MAAC (1998–2003) bar:9 color:barcolor from:08/01/2003 till:05/01/2024 text: Atlantic Hockey Association (2003–2024) bar:9 color:barcolor from:07/01/2024 till:end text: Atlantic Hockey America (2024–present) bar:10 color:barcolor from:07/01/1999 till:06/30/2010 text:CHA (1999–2010) bar:11 color:barcolor from:07/01/2013 till:end text:NCHC (2013–present)
LineData = layer:front at:07/01/1947 color:black
ScaleMajor = gridcolor:line unit:year increment:5 start:01/01/1947
Since 1947-48, as of 2022
| Points | Player | School | Year Set | style= background:#e5e5e5;" | Years Held | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 62 | 1 | |||||
| 78 | 1 | |||||
| 84 | 5 | |||||
| 89 | 4 | |||||
| 90 | 1 | |||||
| 96 | 1 | |||||
| 108 | 24 | |||||
| 108 | 8 | |||||
| 109 | 2 | |||||
| 116 | 35 | |||||
| Points | Player | School | Year Set | style= background:#e5e5e5;" | Years Held | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 62 | 1 | |||||
| 131 | 2 | |||||
| 196 | 4 | |||||
| 218 | 1 | |||||
| 298 | 6 | |||||
| 346 | 61 | |||||
| Goals | Player | School | Year Set | style= background:#e5e5e5;" | Years Held | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 32 | 1 | |||||
| 37 | 1 | |||||
| 51 | 2 | |||||
| 55 | 7 | |||||
| 57 | 1 | |||||
| 77 | 1 | |||||
| 80 | 61 | |||||
| Goals | Player | School | Year Set | style= background:#e5e5e5;" | Years Held | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 32 | 1 | |||||
| 67 | 2 | |||||
| 103 | 1 | |||||
| 112 | 4 | |||||
| 126 | 1 | |||||
| 155 | 5 | |||||
| 170 | 1 | |||||
| 250 | 61 | |||||
| Wins | Player | School | Year Set | style= background:#e5e5e5;" | Years Held |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | 4 | ||||
| 20 | 3 | ||||
| 20 | 1 | ||||
| 22 | 4 | ||||
| 22 | 3 | ||||
| 23 | 2 | ||||
| 24 | 2 | ||||
| 27 | 1 | ||||
| 30 | 18 | ||||
| 32 | 6 | ||||
| 33 | 3 | ||||
| 34 | 33 | ||||
| 34 | 25 | ||||
| 38 | 1 | ||||
| Wins | Player | School | Year Set | style= background:#e5e5e5;" | Years Held |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | 1 | ||||
| 40 | 1 | ||||
| 50 | 6 | ||||
| 50 | 2 | ||||
| 65 | 13 | ||||
| 76 | 4 | ||||
| 76 | 4 | ||||
| 82 | 15 | ||||
| 88 | 6 | ||||
| 111 | 4 | ||||
| 127 | 24 | ||||
| GAA | Player | School | Year Set | style= background:#e5e5e5;" | Years Held |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.72 | 10 | ||||
| 1.27 | 45 | ||||
| 1.20 | 1 | ||||
| 1.19 | 17 | ||||
| 1.17 | 1 | ||||
| GAA | Player | School | Year Set | style= background:#e5e5e5;" | Years Held |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.38 | 12 | ||||
| 2.20 | 2 | ||||
| 1.93 | 6 | ||||
| 1.59 | 34 | ||||
| 1.29 | 16 | ||||