List of Moorish structures in Spain and Portugal explained

This is a list of preserved or partly-preserved Moorish architecture in Spain and Portugal from the period of Muslim rule on the Iberian Peninsula (known as al-Andalus) from the 8th to 15th centuries. The list is organized by geographic location.

Spain

Alhama de Granada

• Arab baths of Alhama de Granada^[1]

Alicante

• Santa Bárbara Castle

Almería

• Alcazaba
• Church of San Juan: former site of the city's Great Mosque, with an Almohad-era mihrab still preserved^{[2] [3] [4]}

Antequera

• Alcazaba

Árchez

• Church of Nuestra Señora de la Encarnación: Nasrid minaret at the Mudéjar-style^{[5] [6]}

Badajoz

• Alcazaba

Baños de la Encina

• Burgalimar Castle: Umayyad-era castle built in 967^{[7] [8]}

Córdoba

• Mosque–Cathedral of Córdoba
• Madinat al-Zahra
• Caliphal Baths
• Calahorra Tower
• Noria of Albolafia
• Synagogue
• Church of San Juan de los Caballeros: the bell tower, also known as the "Minaret of San Juan", once belonged to a mosque (930)^{[9] [10]}

Gibraltar

• Moorish Castle

Gormaz

• Castle of Gormaz: 10th-century castle, with later modifications^[11]

Granada

• Alhambra
  • Alcazaba: the main fortress of the Alhambra
  • Mexuar: one of the palaces partially preserved today
  • Comares Palace: one of the palaces preserved today
  • Palace of the Lions: one of the palaces preserved today
  • Partal Palace: one of the palaces preserved today
  • Palacio del Partal Alto: a former palace whose excavated remains are visible today
  • Palace of the Convent of San Francisco: a former palace whose remains were incorporated into a later Christian convent
  • Palace of the Abencerrajes: a former palace whose excavated remains are visible today
  • Torre de la Cautiva: one of several similar tower-residences, with other examples including the Torre de las Infantas and the Peinador de la Reina
• Generalife: a country palace, originally linked to the Alhambra by a covered walkway across the ravine that divides them
• Madrasa of Granada: prayer hall preserved inside a later Spanish Baroque building
• Corral del Carbón: a funduq (caravanserai)
• Alcaicería of Granada: Nasrid-era bazaar, but destroyed by fire in 19th century and rebuilt in different style^[12]
• Albaicín quarter
  • El Bañuelo (Arab Baths)
  • Dar al-Horra
  • City walls and gates (remains from Zirid and Nasrid periods)^[13]
  • Church of San José: Zirid-era minaret (ca. 1055)^{[14] [15]}
  • Church of San Juan de los Reyes: Almohad-era minaret^[16]
  • Casa de Zafra^[17]
  • Church of San Salvador: remains of the courtyard and minaret of the former congregational mosque of the Albaicín^{[18] [19]}
  • Maristan of Granada
• Cuarto Real de Santo Domingo: partly-preserved Nasrid palace^[20]
• Alcázar Genil: former Almohad and Nasrid-era residence, as well as a nearby ribat (rábita) converted into the Hermitage of San Sebastián^[21]

Fiñana

• Ermita de Nuestro Padre Jesús: former Almohad mosque with remains of mihrab and surface decoration^[22]

Jaén

• Arab Baths of Jaén
• Castle of Santa Catalina

Jerez de la Frontera

• Alcazar

Málaga

• Alcazaba
• Gibralfaro Castle
• Bobastro (located in Málaga Province), archaeological site and former 9th-century fortress

Mérida

• Alcazaba

Murcia

• Castillejo de Monteagudo
• Monastery of Santa Clara: remains of 12th-century al-Qasr al-Seghir (Alcázar Seguir)
• Museum of the Church of San Juan de Dios: remains of mihrab of the former mosque of the main citadel (Alcázar Mayor)^[23]

Niebla

• City walls and gates^[24]

Ronda

• Arab baths of Ronda^{[25] [26]}
• Remains of mihrab of former main mosque at the Cathedral of Ronda

Seville

• Giralda: former minaret of the Almohad Great Mosque of Seville (now the Seville Cathedral)
• Torre del Oro: Almohad defensive tower in Seville
• Alcazar of Seville: mostly rebuilt under Christian rule but in Moorish style, with the help of craftsmen from Granada^[27]
• Walls of Seville
• Buhaira Gardens: former Almohad palace and garden
• Church of San Salvador: preserves traces of the former Mosque of Ibn Adabbas on this site, the first city's first great mosque^[28]

Tarifa

• Castle of Tarifa

Toledo

• Mosque of Cristo de la Luz
• Puerta de Bisagra
• Puerta de Alcántara
• Mosque of las Tornerías
• Church of San Román (Mudéjar architecture)
• Synagogue of Santa Maria la Blanca (Mudéjar architecture)
• Synagogue del Tránsito (Mudéjar architecture)

Trujillo

• Alcazaba^{[29] [30]}

Zaragoza

• Aljafería: palace of the Banu Hud dynasty (second half of the 11th century)

Portugal

Albufeira

• Castle of Paderne

Lisbon

• Castle of São Jorge: almost entirely rebuilt after the Portuguese conquest; only some archeological remains^[31] and a small part of the northern wall are preserved from the Islamic period^[32]

Mértola

• Church of Nossa Senhora da Anunciação: former mosque

Silves

• Castle of Silves

Sintra

• Castle of the Moors

See also

• Alcazar of the Caliphs in Córdoba (no longer extant)
• List of former mosques in Spain
• List of former mosques in Portugal

Notes and References

1. Web site: 2 October 2013 . Arab baths of Alhama de Granada . 25 November 2020 . Portal de Turismo de la Provincia de Granada . en-US.
2. Ewert . Christian . 1971 . El mihrab de la mezquita mayor de Almería . Al-Andalus . 36 . 2 . 460.
3. Web site: Iglesia de San Juan Almería, Spain Attractions . 25 November 2020 . Lonely Planet . en.
4. Book: Barrucand . Marianne . Moorish architecture in Andalusia . Bednorz . Achim . Taschen . 1992 . 3822876348.
5. Web site: Qantara – Original minaret of the mosque of Árchez . 25 November 2020 . qantara-med.org.
6. Web site: 5 August 2011 . Archez . 25 November 2020 . Andalucia.com . en.
7. Gil-Crespo . Ignacio-Javier . 2016 . Islamic fortifications in Spain built with rammed earth . Construction History . 31 . 2 . 1–22.
8. Web site: The Oldest Preserved Castle in Spain . 20 January 2022 . Fascinating Spain . es.
9. Web site: Minaret of San Juan . 25 November 2020 . Archnet.
10. Web site: MINARET OF SAN JUAN . 25 November 2020 . tutto CÓRDOBA . en.
11. Web site: Qantara – Gormaz castle . 20 January 2022 . qantara-med.org.
12. Web site: Qaysariyya of Granada . 22 November 2020 . Archnet.
13. Web site: 1 October 2013 . Walls of Albaicín . 25 November 2020 . Portal de Turismo de la Provincia de Granada . en-US.
14. Web site: Minaret at Iglesia de San José . 25 November 2020 . Archnet.
15. Book: Marçais, Georges . L'architecture musulmane d'Occident . Arts et métiers graphiques . 1954 . Paris . fr.
16. Web site: Minaret at Iglesia de San Juan de los Reyes . 25 November 2020 . Archnet.
17. Web site: Casa de Zafra. Centro de Interpretacion del Albaicin . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20190513161547/http://www.albaicin-granada.com/seccion.php?listEntrada=513 . 13 May 2019 . 25 November 2020 . albaicin-granada.com.
18. Book: Dickie, James . The Legacy of Muslim Spain . Brill . 1992 . 978-90-04-09599-1 . Jayyusi . Salma Khadra . 101 . en . Granada: A Case Study of Arab Urbanism in Muslim Spain . Marín . Manuela . https://books.google.com/books?id=cbfORLWv1HkC&dq=granada+salvador+mosque&pg=PA101.
19. Book: Petersen, Andrew . Dictionary of Islamic architecture . Routledge . 1996 . 9781134613663 .
20. Web site: 11 May 2015 . Cuarto Real de Santo Domingo . 25 November 2020 . Portal de Turismo de la Provincia de Granada . en-US.
21. Book: Orihuela, Antonio . A Companion to Islamic Granada . Brill . 2021 . 978-90-04-42581-1 . Boloix-Gallardo . Bárbara . 421–424 . en . From the Private to the Public Space: Domestic and Urban Architecture of Islamic Granada.
22. Web site: Qantara – Église paroissiale de Fiñana . 26 November 2020 . qantara-med.org.
23. Book: Cobaleda, María Marcos . Artistic and Cultural Dialogues in the Late Medieval Mediterranean . Springer Nature . 2020 . 978-3-030-53366-3 . 146 . en.
24. Book: Al-Andalus: The Art of Islamic Spain . The Metropolitan Museum of Art . 1992 . 0870996371 . Dodds . Jerrilynn D. . New York.
25. Web site: 5 August 2011 . Baños de los Arabes (Arab baths) . 25 November 2020 . Andalucia.com . en.
26. Book: Fournier, Caroline . Les Bains d'al-Andalus: VIIIe-XVe siècle . Presses universitaires de Rennes . 2016 . Rennes.
27. Book: Bloom, Jonathan M. . Architecture of the Islamic West: North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, 700–1800 . Yale University Press . 2020 . 9780300218701 .
28. Web site: 23 November 2012 . Iglesia Colegial del Salvador/Mosque of Ibn Abbas, Seville . IslamicLandmarks.com.
29. Web site: 12 April 2016 . Alcazaba de Trujillo » Castillos del Olvido . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20210123075423/https://castillosdelolvido.com/alcazaba-de-trujillo/ . 23 January 2021 . 25 November 2020 . Castillos del Olvido . es.
30. Web site: Castillo de Trujillo Trujillo, Spain Attractions . 25 November 2020 . Lonely Planet . en.
31. Gaspar . Alexandra . Gomes . Ana . Oliveira . Teresa . Serra . Susana . 2012–2013 . C Castelo de S. Jorge de Lisboa – Escavação, Musealização e Gestão de Património . Arqueologia & Histórica . pt . 64-65 . 203–2015.
32. Book: Torres . Cláudio . In the Lands of the Enchanted Moorish Maiden: Islamic Art in Portugal . Macias . Santiago . Gómez . Susana . Museum With No Frontiers, MWNF (Museum Ohne Grenzen) . 2013 . 978-3-902782-13-7 . Islamic Art in the Mediterranean . en.