List of mints explained

Mints designed for the manufacture of coins have been commonplace since coined currency was first developed around 600 BC by the Lydian people of modern-day Turkey. The popularity of coins spread across the Mediterranean so that by the 6th century BC nearby regions of Athens, Aegina, Corinth and Persia had all developed their own coins.

Methods used at mints to produce coins have changed as technology has developed, with early coins either being cast using moulds to produce cast coins or being struck between two dies to produce hammered coin. Around the middle of the 16th century machine-made milled coins were developed, allowing coins of a higher quality to be made.

National currencies are generally minted by a country's central bank or on its behalf by an independent mint. For example, the coins of the New Zealand Dollar are minted jointly by the Royal Mint in the United Kingdom and the Royal Canadian Mint for the Reserve Bank of New Zealand.[1] Also national mints are sometimes privatised to become state-owned enterprises allowing them to pursue commercial interests such as producing commemorative coins, medals and different types of bullion.Today the United States Mint is largest mint manufacturer in the world, operating across six sites and producing as many as 28 billion coins in a single year.[2] Its largest site is the Philadelphia Mint which covers 650,000 square feet[3] (6 hectares) and can produce 32 million coins per day.[4]

Currently operating mints

The world's oldest continuously running mint is the Monnaie de Paris in France which was founded in AD 864 and is the world's 8th oldest company. The second is the British Royal Mint, founded in AD 886 and the 10th oldest.

PolityNameYear
established		OwnershipOwner
ArgentinaCasa de Moneda de la Republica Argentina1875State-owned[5]
AustraliaPerth Mint1899State-ownedGovernment of Western Australia[6]
AustraliaRoyal Australian Mint1965State-ownedThe Commonwealth of Australia[7]
AustriaAustrian Mint1194State-ownedNational Bank of Austria[8]
BelgiumRoyal Belgian Mint1291[9]
BrazilCasa da Moeda do Brasil1694State-owned[10]
BulgariaBulgarian Mint1952State-owned[11]
CanadaRoyal Canadian Mint1908State-owned
Chile1743[12]
ChinaChina Banknote Printing and Minting Corporation1949State-owned
ColombiaFábrica de Moneda1982State-ownedBank of the Republic[13]
Costa RicaCentral Bank of Costa Rica1936
CroatiaCroatian Mint1993State-ownedCroatian National Bank
CyprusCentral Bank of Cyprus1963State-owned
Czech RepublicCzech Mint1993PrivateChange ownership in 2009
Czech RepublicPrague Mint2011Private[14]
DenmarkRoyal Danish Mint1739Danmarks Nationalbank
EgyptCentral Bank of Egypt1961
FijiReserve Bank of Fiji1984State-owned
Finland1860
FranceMonnaie de ParisAD 864[15]
Overseas FranceInstitut d'émission d'Outre-Mer1966[16]
GermanyStaatliche Münzen Baden-Württemberg1998
GermanyBavarian Central Mint1158
GermanyStaatliche Münze Berlin
GermanyHamburgische Münze834
GreeceBank of Greece1927
GuatemalaCasa de Moneda de Guatemala1733
HungaryHungarian Mint1001 or1328
IcelandCentral Bank of Iceland1961State-owned
Security Printing and Minting Organization1877 State-ownedCentral Bank of Iran[17]
IraqCentral Bank of Iraq1953
IndiaIndia Government Mint
IndonesiaPerum Peruri1971State-ownedGovernment of Indonesia
IrelandCurrency Centre1978
ItalyIstituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato1928
JapanJapan Mint1871
JordanCentral Bank of Jordan1964
LesothoCentral Bank of Lesotho1978
LithuaniaLithuanian Mint1990
MalaysiaRoyal Mint of Malaysia2000
MexicoMexican Mint1535
Royal Dutch Mint1567
New Zealand Mint1967Private
Nigerian Security Printing and Minting Company Limited1963Federal government of Nigeria[18]
Royal Norwegian Mint1686Mint of Finland 50%
Samlerhuset Group 50%
Pakistan Mint1942
Casa Nacional de Moneda1565[19]
Mennica Polska S.A.1766
Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas1993
Imprensa Nacional-Casa da Moeda13th century[20]
Monetăria Statului1870State-ownedNational Bank of Romania
Moscow Mint1942State-ownedGovernment of Russia
Saint Petersburg Mint1724State-ownedGovernment of Russia
The Institute for Manufacturing Banknotes and Coins1929National Bank of Serbia[21]
Bank of Sierra Leone1963State-owned
Singapore Mint1968State-owned
SlovakiaKremnica Mint1328State-owned
South African Mint1890South African Reserve Bank
Korea Minting and Security Printing Corporation1951State-ownedBank of Korea
SpainFábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre (Spanish Royal Mint)1893
SwitzerlandSwissmint1848[22]
SwitzerlandPamp SA1977
Central Mint1920State-ownedCentral Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan)
ThailandRoyal Thai Mint1860
Transnistrian Republican Bank1992State-owned
TurkeyTurkish State Mint1467[23]
UkraineNational Bank of Ukraine1998[24]
United KingdomRoyal MintAD 886State-ownedHM Treasury
United KingdomBirmingham Mint1850Private
United KingdomThe Commonwealth Mint2005Private[25]
United KingdomPobjoy Mint1965Private[26]
United KingdomTower Mint1976Private[27]
United StatesAsahi RefiningPrivate[28]
United StatesGolden State Mint1974Private[29]
United StatesMason Mint2015Private[30]
United StatesMonarch Precious Metals2008Private[31]
United StatesThe Ohio Mint2021Private[32]
United StatesRegency Mint1999Private[33]
United StatesScottsdale Mint2008Private[34]
United StatesSunshine Minting1979Private
United StatesSilverTowne Mint1973Private[35]
United StatesUnited States Mint1792State-ownedUnited States Department of the Treasury[36]
ZeccaState-owned
ZimbabweZimbabwean Mint2001

Historic and defunct mints

PolityNameYear
started		Year
ended		Notes
AustraliaMelbourne Mint18721968Production moved to the Royal Australian Mint in Canberra
AustraliaSydney Mint18541926Production moved to Melbourne & Perth Mints
Hasegg Castle1748 1806
National Mint of Bolivia15721953The currency of Bolivia is now minted by foreign mints
ChileLa Moneda Palace18141929Now the residence of the President of Chile, production moved to the Casa de Moneda de Chile.
ColombiaCasa de Moneda16201987Now a museum, production moved to the Fábrica de Moneda in Ibagué.
Horndon mint1056
Hong Kong Mint18661868
IndonesiaPN Artha Yasa19651971Merged with state printer Pertjetakan Kebajoran to form Perum Peruri.
Provincial mints of Iran1877Replaced by the Zarab-khaneZarrabkhana
The Mint (Carlingford)
PhilippinesManila Mint18611945Became an official branch of the US Mint in 1920 and was later destroyed following the liberation of the Philippines in World War II
SpainNational Mint of Xuvia18121868
Mints of Scotland11361709Following the Acts of Union 1707, the last mint in Edinburgh closed and minting was ceded to the Royal Mint
SwedenMyntverketAD 9952008Sold to the Mint of Finland in 2008
United KingdomSoho Mint17881848
United StatesCarson City Mint18701893
United StatesCharlotte Mint18351861
United StatesDahlonega Mint18381861
United StatesThe Dalles Mint1869 1869 Partly constructed in 1869, but never completed
United StatesEngelhard1868 1888 Ceased production of bullion products
United StatesNew Orleans Mint18381909
Venice Mint15361797

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Coins in Circulation. Reserve Bank of New Zealand. 21 October 2017.
  2. Web site: About the United States Mint. United States Mint. 21 October 2017.
  3. Web site: Employee Celebrates 50 Years at Philadelphia. 10 June 2016. United States Mint. 21 October 2017.
  4. Web site: United States Mint. ushistory.org. 21 October 2017.
  5. Web site: Casa de Moneda. Argentina.gob.ar . Spanish.
  6. Web site: History. Perth Mint. 28 October 2017. 14 May 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110514024331/http://www.perthmint.com.au/visit_the_mint_the_perth_mint_history.aspx. dead.
  7. Web site: About the Mint. 5 January 2016. Royal Australian Mint. 28 October 2017.
  8. Web site: Our History. Austrian Mint. 28 October 2017. 5 October 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181005145341/https://www.muenzeoesterreich.at/eng/about-us/about-us/our-history. dead.
  9. Book: Belgium and Nassau; or, The continental tourist. 41. Black And Armstrong. 1838.
  10. Web site: Sobre a CMB. Casa da Moeda do Brasil. Portuguese. About CMB. 29 October 2017.
  11. Web site: За нас. Bulgarian Mint. Bulgarian. About Us. 29 October 2017. 12 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180812090035/http://mint.bg/%d0%b7%d0%b0-%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%81/. dead.
  12. Web site: Milestones of Mint Chile. cmoneda.cl. 28 October 2017. 11 June 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130611092425/http://www.cmoneda.cl/en/nuestra-empresa. dead.
  13. Web site: Fábrica de Moneda en Ibagué, Tolima. banrep.gov.co. 30 October 2023.
  14. Web site: History of Minting. Prague Mint. 22 October 2017.
  15. Web site: 1,150 Years of History. Monnaie de Paris. 29 October 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171115224200/https://www.monnaiedeparis.fr/en/the-institution/1-150-years-of-history. 15 November 2017. dead.
  16. Web site: Duties and activities - Anglais. IEOM. 23 October 2017.
  17. Web site: Security Printing and Minting Organization. Wayback Machine. https://web.archive.org/web/20170412045345/https://www.cbi.ir/page/15734.aspx. 2017-04-12.
  18. Web site: Mint of Nigerian History. Wayback Machine. https://web.archive.org/web/20110304170406/http://www.mintnigeria.com/history.htm. 2011-03-04. bot: unknown. 15 November 2017.
  19. Web site: Creación de la Casa Nacional de Moneda. Central Reserve Bank of Peru. Spanish. Creation of the National Mint of Puru. 22 October 2017.
  20. Web site: History of the Mint. Imprensa Nacional-Casa da Moeda. 22 October 2017.
  21. Web site: The Institute for Manufacturing Banknotes and Coins History. National Bank of Serbia. 23 October 2017. 15 November 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171115223512/http://www.zin.rs/en/kompanija/. dead.
  22. Web site: Swiss Coins. 24carat.co.uk. 29 October 2017.
  23. Web site: History . Turkish State Mint . tr . 22 October 2017.
  24. Web site: Bank-note and Mint Court of National Bank of Ukraine. Ukraine Today. 22 October 2017.
  25. Web site: About Us . The Commonwealth Mint . en. 11 November 2021 .
  26. Web site: About the Mint . Pobjoy Mint . en . 11 November 2021 . 23 October 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201023111704/https://www.pobjoy.com/about-the-mint/ . dead .
  27. Web site: About Towermint. www.towermint.co.uk. en. 2018-05-20.
  28. Web site: Asahi Refining - Asahi Refining . 2023-08-30 . www.asahirefining.com . en-US.
  29. Web site: About Us. Golden State Mint. 2019-02-04.
  30. Web site: Mason Mint Custom Bullion Production. www.masonmint.com. 2019-02-03.
  31. Web site: About MPM. www.monarchpreciousmetals.com. en-gb. 2019-02-05. 2019-02-07. https://web.archive.org/web/20190207020014/https://www.monarchpreciousmetals.com/about-monarch-precious-metals. dead.
  32. Web site: 2021-02-22 . The Ohio Mint - The Ohio Mint . 2023-08-30 . theohiomint.com . en-US.
  33. Web site: About Regency Mint - Learn about Regency Mint's Expert Coin Minting. Regency Mint. en-US. 2019-02-02. 2019-02-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20190203030636/http://www.regencymint.com/about-regency-mint/. dead.
  34. Web site: Scottsdale Mint Home . 2023-08-30 . www.scottsdalemint.com.
  35. Web site: SilverTowne Mint Custom Bullion Production. www.silvertownemint.com . 2023-03-12.
  36. Web site: Timeline of the United States Mint. 6 September 2016. US Mint. 29 October 2017.

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