List of maphrians explained

The Maphrian, originally known as the Grand Metropolitan of the East or the Catholicos, was the head of the Maphrianate of the East and was the second highest-ranking prelate within the Syriac Orthodox Church, after the Patriarch of Antioch. The maphrianate originated as a distinct miaphysite ecclesiastical institution in the Sasanian Empire after the ordination of Ahudemmeh as Grand Metropolitan of the East by Jacob Baradaeus in 559. However, it claimed to be the legitimate continuation of the Church of the East and counted its leaders prior to the church's adoption of dyophysitism as its own. Sources disagree on the first to use the title of maphrian as Michael the Syrian's Chronicle gives John IV Saliba, who is believed to have adopted it in, whereas Bar Hebraeus' Ecclesiastical History names Marutha of Tikrit as the first.
A separate maphrianate of Tur Abdin under the authority of the Patriarch of Tur Abdin was established in  and endured until 1844. Eventually, the Maphrianate of the East was abolished in 1860. A maphrianate in India was established in 1912, thereby creating the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church, but was not recognised by the Syriac Orthodox Church until 1958. In 1975, Patriarch Ignatius Jacob III withdrew recognition of the maphrian Baselios Augen I, and appointed Baselios Paulose II in his stead. The Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church thus split from the Syriac Orthodox Church which continues to appoint its own maphrians in India.


List of maphrians


Grand Metropolitans of the East from 559 to 1075


Unless otherwise stated, all information is from the list provided in The Syriac World, as noted in the bibliography below. According to church tradition, numeration includes incumbents deemed legitimate by the Syriac Orthodox Church prior to 559.



vacant (575–578)



vacant (609–614)



vacant (624–628/629)



vacant (659–669)



vacant (–793)



vacant (869–872)



vacant (883–887)



vacant (904–)



vacant (933–937)



vacant (988–991)



vacant (1016–1027)



vacant (1041–1046)



vacant (1069–1075)


Maphrians of the East from 1075 to 1859



vacant (1106–1112)



Dionysius bar Masih (1189–1190)



vacant (1258–1263)



vacant (1286–1288)



vacant (1308–1317)



vacant (1345–1360)


Gregory V Dioscorus (1360–1361)


vacant (1361–1364)



vacant (1379–1404)



vacant (1412–1415)



vacant (1417–1422)



vacant (1455–1458)


Cyril Joseph II (1458–)



vacant (1487–1490)



vacant (1494–1496)



vacant (1507–1509)



Elias II



vacant (–)



Basil Shukrallah (1748–1764)



vacant (1768–1783)



Maphrians of Tur Abdin from c. 1479 to 1844



vacant



vacant (1510–1537)



vacant (1543–1555)



vacant (1555–1561)



vacant (1562–1650)



vacant (1674–)



vacant (–1710)



Maphrians of the East from 1912 to 1964


See main article: Catholicos of the East (Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church).



vacant (1913–1925)



Maphrians of the East from 1964 to 2002



vacant (1996–2002)


Maphrians of India from 2002 to present


See main article: Catholicos of India.



See also



References


NotesCitations


Bibliography




This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "List of maphrians".


Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.