List of Kosmos satellites (2251–2500) explained

See main article: List of Kosmos satellites. The designation Kosmos (Russian: Космос meaning Cosmos) is a generic name given to a large number of Soviet, and subsequently Russian, satellites, the first of which was launched in 1962. Satellites given Kosmos designations include military spacecraft, failed probes to the Moon and the planets, prototypes for crewed spacecraft, and scientific spacecraft. This is a list of satellites with Kosmos designations between 2251 and 2500.

Designation	Type	Launch date (GMT)	Carrier rocket	Function	Decay/Destruction*	Remarks
		16 June 1993 04:17	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Communication	10 February 2009*	Collided with Iridium 33
		24 June 1993 04:12	Tsyklon-3 11K68	Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
		7 July 1993 07:15	Tsyklon-2 11K69	Reconnaissance	8 June 1995
		14 July 1993 16:40	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	25 July 1993
		22 July 1993 08:45	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Remote sensing	5 August 1993
		10 August 1993 14:53	Molniya-M/2BL 8K78M	Early warning	31 December 2012
		7 September 1993 13:25	Soyuz-U2 11A511U2	Reconnaissance	18 December 1993
		16 September 1993 07:36	Zenit-2 11K77		in orbit
		17 September 1993 00:43	Tsyklon-2 11K69	Reconnaissance	7 August 1995
		26 October 1993 10:00	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Radar target	11 August 2003
		2 November 1993 12:10	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation, Communication	in orbit
		5 November 1993 08:25	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	28 December 1994
		12 February 1994 08:54	Tsyklon-3 11K68	Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
		17 March 1994 16:30	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	21 May 1994
		11 April 1994 07:49	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		23 April 1994 08:01	Zenit-2 11K77		in orbit
		26 April 1994 02:14	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation, Communication	in orbit
		28 April 1994 17:14	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	10 March 1995
		7 June 1994 07:20	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	29 June 1994
		6 July 1994 23:58	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Early warning	in orbit
		20 July 1994 17:35	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	29 September 1994
		29 July 1994 09:30	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	11 September 1994
		2 August 1994 20:00	Kosmos-3M 11K65M		in orbit
		5 August 1994 01:12	Molniya-M/2BL 8K78M	Early warning	in orbit
		11 August 1994 15:27	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
	Orlets-2	26 August 1994 12:00	Zenit-2 11K77	Reconnaissance	4 April 1995
		21 September 1994 17:53	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Communication	in orbit
		27 September 1994 14:00	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Radar target	in orbit
		2 November 1994 01:04	Tsyklon-2 11K69	Reconnaissance	13 May 1996
		20 November 1994 00:39	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		24 November 1994 09:15	Zenit-2 11K77		in orbit
		20 December 1994 05:11	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Communication	in orbit
		26 December 1994 22:26	Tsyklon-3 11K68	Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
		29 December 1994 11:30	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	18 December 1995
		2 March 1995 13:00	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Calibration	30 October 2000
		7 March 1995 09:23	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		22 March 1995 04:09	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation, Communication	in orbit
		22 March 1995 16:44	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	31 May 1995
		24 May 1995 20:10	Molniya-M/2BL 8K78M	Early warning	in orbit
		8 June 1995 04:43	Tsyklon-2 11K69	Reconnaissance	11 July 1997
		28 June 1995 18:25	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	6 September 1995
		5 July 1995 03:09	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation, Technology	in orbit
		24 July 1995 15:52	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		30 August 1995 19:33	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Communication	in orbit
		29 September 1995 04:25	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	28 September 1996
		6 October 1995 03:23	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation, Communication	21 August 1997
		31 October 1995 20:19	Zenit-2 11K77		in orbit
		14 December 1995 06:10	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		20 December 1995 00:52	Tsyklon-2 11K69	Reconnaissance	8 November 1997
		16 January 1996 15:33	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation, Communication	in orbit
		19 February 1996 00:58	Tsyklon-3 11K68	Communication	in orbit	Launched with three Gonets satellites
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
		14 March 1996 17:40	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	11 June 1996
		24 April 1996 13:00	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Radar target	28 January 2005
		4 September 1996 09:01	Zenit-2 11K77		in orbit	A piece of 2333's launch vehicle collided with China's Yunhai 1-02 meteorological spacecraft in March 2021.^[1]
		5 September 1996 12:47	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation, Communication	in orbit
		11 December 1996 12:00	Tsyklon-2 11K69	Reconnaissance	1 January 1999
		20 December 1996 06:43	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation, Communication	in orbit
		14 February 1997 03:47	Tsyklon-3 11K68	Communication	in orbit	Launched with three Gonets satellites
	Strela-3			Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
		9 April 1997 08:58	Molniya-M/2BL 8K78M	Early warning	in orbit
		17 April 1997 13:03	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation, Communication	in orbit
		14 May 1997 00:33	Molniya-M/2BL 8K78M	Early warning	in orbit
		15 May 1997 12:10	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	18 September 1997
		6 June 1997 16:56	Proton-K/DM-5 8K72K	Reconnaissance	in orbit
		14 August 1997 20:49	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Early warning	in orbit	Final US-KS satellite
		23 September 1997 16:44	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation, Communication	in orbit
		9 December 1997 07:17	Tsyklon-2 11K69	Reconnaissance	11 December 1999
		15 December 1997 15:40	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	14 April 1998
		17 February 1998 10:35	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	2 April 1998
		29 April 1998 04:36	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Early warning	in orbit
		7 May 1998 08:53	Molniya-M/2BL 8K78M	Early warning	in orbit
		15 June 1998 22:58	Tsyklon-3 11K68	Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
		24 June 1998 18:29	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	22 October 1998
		25 June 1998 14:00	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	12 July 1999
		28 July 1998 09:15	Zenit-2 11K77		in orbit
		24 December 1998 20:02	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation, Communication	in orbit
		30 December 1998 18:35	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		18 August 1999 18:00	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	15 December 1999
		26 August 1999 12:02	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation, Communication	in orbit
		26 December 1999 08:00	Tsyklon-2 11K69	Reconnaissance	20 July 2002
		27 December 1999 19:12	Molniya-M/2BL 8K78M	Early warning	in orbit
		3 February 2000 09:26	Zenit-2 11K77		in orbit
		3 May 2000 13:25	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	3 May 2001
		4 July 2000 23:44	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Communication	in orbit
		25 September 2000 10:10	Zenit-2 11K77	Reconnaissance	20 April 2001
		29 September 2000 09:30	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	14 November 2000
		13 October 2000 14:12	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		29 May 2001 17:55	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	10 October 2001
		8 June 2001 15:08	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation, Communication	in orbit
		24 August 2001 20:35	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Early warning	in orbit
		1 December 2001 18:04	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		21 December 2001 04:00	Tsyklon-2 11K69	Reconnaissance	20 March 2004
		28 December 2001 03:24	Tsyklon-3 11K68	Communication	in orbit	Launched with three Gonets satellites
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
		25 February 2002 17:26	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	27 June 2002
		1 April 2002 22:06	Molniya-M/2BL 8K78M	Early warning	14 September 2011
		28 May 2002 18:14	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation, Communication	in orbit
		8 July 2002 06:35	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
		25 July 2002 15:13	Proton-K/DM-5 8K72K	Reconnaissance	in orbit
		24 December 2002 12:20	Molniya-M/2BL 8K78M	Early warning	22 December 2013
		25 December 2002 07:37	Proton-K/DM-2M 8K72K	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		24 April 2003 04:23	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Early warning	in orbit
		4 June 2003 19:23	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation, Communication	in orbit
		12 August 2003 14:20	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	9 December 2003
		19 August 2003 10:50	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
		10 December 2003 17:42	Proton-K/Briz-M 8K72K	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		28 May 2004 06:00	Tsyklon-2 11K69	Reconnaissance	16 June 2006
		10 June 2004 01:28	Zenit-2 11K77		in orbit
		22 July 2004 17:46	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation, Communication	in orbit
		23 September 2004 15:07	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
		24 September 2004 16:50	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	9 January 2005
		26 December 2004 13:53	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		20 January 2005 03:00	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation, Communication	in orbit
		2 September 2005 09:50	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	16 October 2005
		21 December 2005 19:34	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Communication	in orbit
		25 December 2005 05:07	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		3 May 2006 17:38	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	19 July 2006
		25 June 2006 04:00	Tsyklon-2 11K69	Reconnaissance	19 August 2010
		21 July 2006 04:20	Molniya-M/2BL 8K78M	Early warning	22 November 2019
		14 September 2006 13:41	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	23 November 2006
		25 December 2006 20:18	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		7 June 2007 18:00	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	22 August 2007
		29 June 2007 10:00	Zenit-2M 11K77M		in orbit
		11 September 2007 13:05	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation, Communication	in orbit
		23 October 2007 04:39	Molniya-M/2BL 8K78M	Early warning	5 January 2019
		26 October 2007 07:35	Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		25 December 2007 19:32	Proton-M/DM-2 8K72M	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		23 May 2008 15:20	Rokot/Briz-KM 11A05	Communication	in orbit	Launched with Yubeleiny
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
		26 June 2008 23:59	Proton-K/DM-3 8K72K	Early warning	in orbit
		26 July 2008 18:31	Soyuz-2-1b 11A14B	Reconnaissance	in orbit	Spacecraft failure caused by electrical malfunction
nowrap			08:49	Proton-M/DM-2 8K72M	Navigation	in orbit
		Navigation			in orbit
		Navigation			in orbit
		14 November 2008 15:50	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	23 February 2009
		2 December 2008 05:00	Molniya-M 8K78M	Early warning	in orbit
		25 December 2008 10:43	Proton-M/DM-2 8K72M	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		29 April 2009 16:58	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	27 July 2009
		6 July 2009 01:26	Rokot/Briz-KM 11A05	Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
		21 July 2009 03:57	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation, Communication	in orbit	Launched with Sterkh-1
	Lotos-S No.801	20 November 2009 10:44	Soyuz-U 11A511U		in orbit
		14 December 2009 10:38	Proton-M/DM-2 8K72M	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		1 March 2010 21:19	Proton-M/DM-2 8K72M	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		16 April 2010 15:00	Soyuz-U 11A511U	Reconnaissance	21 July 2010
		27 April 2010 01:05	Kosmos-3M 11K65M	Navigation/Communications	in orbit
		2 September 2010 00:53	Proton-M/DM-2 8K72M	Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		8 September 2010 03:30	Rokot/Briz-KM 11A05	Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
		30 September 2010 17:01	Molniya-M/2BL 8K78M	Early warning	15 October 2022
		1 February 2011 14:00			July 15, 2013.^[2]
		26 February 2011 03:07		Navigation	in orbit
		27 June 2011 16:00		optical surveillance	24 October 2011
		21 September 2011 02:47		Communication	in orbit
		2 October 2011 20:15		Navigation	in orbit
		4 November 2011 12:51		Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
				Navigation	in orbit
		28 November 2011 08:25		Navigation	in orbit
		30 March 2012 05:49		Early Warning	in orbit
		17 May 2012 14:05		Optical surveillance	24 September 2012
		28 July 2012 01:35		Communications	in orbit
		15 January 2013 16:25	Rokot/Briz-KM 11A05	Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
		26 April 2013 05:23		Navigation	in orbit
		7 June 2013 18:37	Soyuz-2-1b 11A14B	Reconnaissance	in orbit
		27 June 2013 16:53	Strela	Reconnaissance	29 November 2022
		25 December 2013 00:31	Rokot/Briz-KM 11A05	Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
	Unknown			?	23 December 2019*	Unconfirmed identity. Secret Russian satellite that NASA thinks was used orbital rendezvous and inspection maneuvers. It also had the Amateur radio satellite RS-46 attached, which operated for a while. K2491 was observed to change its orbital parameters by about 1.5 m/s at 1321UTC on 23 December 2019. It is believed that an explosion occurred from stored and undepleted propellant, although collision with a piece of space debris may have initiated the explosion.^[3]
	SKRL-756	28 December 2013 12:30	Soyuz-2.1v/Volga	Radar calibration	in orbit	Unconfirmed identity
	SKRL-756			Radar calibration	in orbit	Unconfirmed identity
		23 March 2014 22:54		Navigation	in orbit
		6 May 2014 13:49		Optical surveillance	2 September 2014^[4]
		23 May 2014 05:27	Rokot/Briz-KM 11A05	Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
				Communication	in orbit
	Unknown			?	4 January 2023*	Unconfirmed identity
		14 June 2014 17:16		Navigation	in orbit

• — satellite was destroyed in orbit rather than decaying and burning up in the Earth's atmosphere

See also

• List of USA satellites

References

1. Web site: NASA orbital debris quarterly Vol 25 Issue 4 . 27 March 2023.
2. Web site: Aerospace - GEO IK . 2013-08-26 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131030024455/http://www.aerospace.org/cords/reentry-predictions/upcoming-reentries/2011-005a/ . 2013-10-30 . dead .
3. https://metro.co.uk/2020/01/14/top-secret-russian-military-satellite-exploded-space-astronomer-says-12054460/ A top-secret Russian military satellite has ‘exploded in space’, astronomer says
4. Web site: Experts: Mystery fireball was Russian satellite. Mead. Gruver. 2014-09-17. Associated Press. 2014-09-17. 2014-09-18. https://web.archive.org/web/20140918000328/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/experts-mystery-fireball-was-russian-satellite. dead.

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