List of Japanese loanwords in Indonesian explained

Japanese is an East Asian language spoken by about 126 million people, primarily in Japan, where it is the official language and national language. The influx of Japanese loanwords can be classified into two periods, Japanese colonial administration period (1942–1945) and globalisation of Japanese popular culture (1980-now). As Indonesian is written using Latin script, Japanese romanisation systems influence the spelling in Indonesian.

Spelling

Consonants

Consonants

Japanese IPA	Example, Hiragana	Example, Romanization	Indonesian IPA	Indonesian	Indonesian Example	Notes
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: '''ば'''しょ,	basho, kabin	pronounced as /link/	b	bola^[1]
pronounced as /bʲ/	Japanese: '''びょ'''うき	byōki	pronounced as /link/pronounced as /ʲ/	by
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: '''ひ'''と,	hito, hyō	pronounced as /ink/	h	habis, tokoh
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: '''し'''た,	shita, isshō	pronounced as /ink/	sy	syarat^[2]
	sh
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: '''ど'''うも,	dōmo, dōdō	pronounced as /link/	d	dari
pronounced as /link/^[3]	Japanese: '''ず'''っと,,	zutto, zenzen, kizzu^[4]	pronounced as /link/	z	zaman
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: あ'''ざ''',	aza, tsuzuku
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: '''じ'''ぶん,,	jibun, jojo, ejji	pronounced as /ink/	j	jari
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: み'''じ'''かい,	mijikai, jojo
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: '''ふ'''じ	fuji	pronounced as /ink/	f	fikir, visa
pronounced as /link/^[5]	Japanese: '''が'''っこう,,	gakkō, gogo, ginkō	pronounced as /ink/	g	galah^[6]
pronounced as /ɡʲ/	Japanese: き'''ぎょ'''う	kigyō	pronounced as /link/pronounced as /ʲ/	gy
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: '''ほ'''ん,	hon, haha	pronounced as /ink/	h	habis, tokoh
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: '''や'''くしゃ,	yakusha, yuyushii	pronounced as /ink/	y	yakin, kaya
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: '''く'''る,	kuru, hakki	pronounced as /link/	k	kalah
pronounced as /kʲ/	Japanese: '''きょ'''うかい,	kyōkai, kekkyoku	pronounced as /link/pronounced as /ʲ/	ky
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: '''み'''かん,,	mikan, senpai, monmon	pronounced as /ink/	m	makan
pronounced as /mʲ/		myaku	pronounced as /link/pronounced as /ʲ/	my
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: '''な'''っとう,	nattō, kantan	pronounced as /ink/	n	nakal
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: '''に'''わ,,	niwa, konnyaku, kinchō	pronounced as /ink/	ny	nyaman
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: り'''ん'''ご,	ringo, nankyoku	pronounced as /ink/	ng	ngarai
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: にほ'''ん'''	nihon	pronounced as /ink/	n	nakal
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: '''パ'''ン,	pan, tampopo	pronounced as /ink/	p	pola
pronounced as /pʲ/	Japanese: は'''っぴょ'''う	happyō	pronounced as /link/pronounced as /ʲ/	py
	Japanese: '''ろ'''く,	roku, sora	pronounced as /ink/	r	raja, dari, pasar
pronounced as /ɾʲ/	Japanese: '''りょ'''うり	ryōri	pronounced as /link/pronounced as /ʲ/	ry
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: '''す'''る,	suru, sassō	pronounced as /ink/	s	saya
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: '''た'''べる,	taberu, totte	pronounced as /ink/	t	tari
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: '''つ'''なみ,	tsunami, ittsui	pronounced as /ink/	ts
	pronounced as /ink/
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: '''ち'''かい,	chikai, ketchaku	pronounced as /ink/	c	cari
pronounced as /link/^[7]	Japanese: '''わ'''さび	wasabi	pronounced as /ink/	w	waktu, Jawa
pronounced as /ɰ̃/^[8]	Japanese: ふ'''ん'''いき,,	fun'iki, denwa, anshin	pronounced as /ink/	n	nakal
pronounced as /link/	Japanese: あつ'''っ'''！	atsu'! | pronounced as /ink/| k| align="left"| bapak, rakyat | |} Vowels Most vowels are retained without significant change in Indonesian, except in vowels length and pitch accent (there are no vowels length distinction and no pitch accent in Indonesian). Vowels Japanese IPA Hiragana Transliteration Indonesian IPA Indonesian Transliteration pronounced as /link/ Japanese: あ a pronounced as /ink/ a pronounced as /link/ Japanese: え e pronounced as /ink/ é pronounced as /ink/ è pronounced as /link/ Japanese: い i pronounced as /link/ i pronounced as /i̥/^[9] pronounced as /link/ Japanese: お o pronounced as /ink/ o pronounced as /link/^[10] Japanese: う u pronounced as /ink/ u pronounced as /ɯ̥/ Loanwords A Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref aikido aikido aikidō aikido ajinomoto flavour enhancer ajinomoto the trademarked product name for monosodium glutamate (MSG), a flavour enhancer, held by Ajinomoto Co. anata second-person pronoun anata second-person pronoun animé anime anime contraction from アニメーション (animēshon), a loanword from English for animation arigato thank you arigatō thank you aza aza a section of a village B Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref stupid, Japanese swear word bakayarō stupid 1. see baka. 2. also variously written as Japanese: バカやろう, Japanese: バカヤロウ, Japanese: バカヤロオ and Japanese: バカヤロー. 3. ultimately from Portuguese vaqueiro or Spanish vaquero banggo number bangō (Military-related term) long life cheers banzai long life cheers lit. "ten thousand years," such as 天皇陛下万歳 (Tennōheika Banzai!) "Long live His Majesty the Emperor" bento bento lunch box bogodan Japanese police assistant in Sumatra bōgodan protection + unit (Military-related term) bokugo air-raid shelter bōkūgō air-raid shelter (Military-related term) boshi hat, cap bōshi hat, cap (Military-related term) bonsai miniature potted plant bonsai tray plantting, bonsai buco departmental head buchō departmental head budan budan (Military-related term) 分隊 (buntai) = platoon budanco platoon commander budanchō platoon commander (Military-related term) 分隊 (buntai) = platoon bupin goods, material buppin goods, material (Military-related term) bushidō bushido (Military-related term) 1. way of warrior, 2. code of conduct for Japanese samurai butai troops, a unit butai troops, a unit (Military-related term) C Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref canoyu Japanese tea ceremony chanoyu tea ceremony The Japanese tea ceremony, also called the Way of Tea, is a Japanese cultural activity involving the ceremonial preparation and presentation of matcha (抹茶), powdered green tea. cudan chūdan (Military-related term) cudanco company commander chūdanchō company commander (Military-related term) cugako junior high school chūgakkō junior high school cusetsu submission to the fatherland chūsetsu loyalty;  allegiance;  fidelity (Military-related term) cuto secondary, intermediate chūtō medium, middle D Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref dai great, large dai great, large such as 大日本 (dai nippon) daidan battalion daidan battalion daidanco battalion commander daidanchō battalion commander daihonéi imperial headquarter daihonei imperial headquarter (Military-related term) air-filled black plastic dolls ダッコ -ちゃん ダッコ -ちゃん dakko-chan a mascot the company mascot of Takara dan rank for judo, karate, and kenpo dan dan, an East Asia ranking system dan unit dan unit danco unit commander danchō unit commander dohyo dohyō dohyō dohyō dohyō, sumo ring dokuritsu independence dokuritsu independence, separation such as in Badan Penyelidik Usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (独立準備調査会, Dokuritsu Junbi Chōsa-kai) and Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (独立準備委員会, Dokuritsu Junbi Inkai) doméi dōmei dōmei union, alliance shorthand of 同盟通信社 (dōmei tsūshinsha, lit. Federated News Agency) Imperial Japanese News Agency dojo dōjō dojo karate training place doyo E Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref ebi éisé hygiene, health eisei hygiene, sanitary, health emoji Japanese emoticon, emoji emoji Emoji are ideograms and smileys used in electronic messages and web pages. éndaka strong yen endaka strong yen énsyu practice, training enshū exercise, drill, practice F Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref fujinkai women association fujinkai women association fukan adjutant fukkan adjutant, aide-de-camp Adjutant is a military appointment given to an officer who assists the commanding officer with unit administration. fungkaico assistant chairperson fukukaichou assistant chairperson fusimban night guard fushinban night watch;  vigilance G Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref gakari duty kakari (person in) charge,  duty through rendaku form -gakari gako school gakko school gakutotai student militia gakutotai student militia (Military-related term) geisha geisha geisha geisha traditional Japanese female entertainer génjumin native (pejorative) genjūmin aborigine sensitive. 先住民 is more acceptable. gigaku gigaku gigaku Gigaku refers to an extinct genre of masked drama-dance performance, imported into Japan during the Asuka period. giyugun giyūgun volunteer army see Pembela Tanah Air (郷土防衛義勇軍, kyōdo bōei giyūgun) giyuhéi volunteer giyūhei volunteer soldier go go i-go go Go is an abstract strategy board game for two players, in which the aim is to surround more territory than the opponent. gobo Arctium lappa gobō Arctium lappa gongyo buddhist liturgy gon-gyō buddhist liturgy gun district gun district see Administrative divisions of Japan gunco district chief (wedana) gunchō district chief see Administrative divisions of Japan gunséibu Japanese military administration gunseibu military government refers to Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies gunseikan Japanese military government (chief) gunseikan military government official refers to Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies gunsyiréikan army commander gunshireikan army commander (Military-related term) H Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref haiku haiku haiku haiku Haiku (俳句) is a very short Japan poem with seventeen syllables and three verses. hakugékiho trench mortar hakugekihō mortar (Military-related term) hanco squad leader hanchō squad leader (Military-related term) hanséi reflection, reconsideration hansei reflection, reconsideration harakiri harakiri harakiri harakiri Seppuku, sometimes referred to as harakiri, is a form of Japanese ritual suicide by disembowelment. hayabusa type of Japanese warplane hayabusa peregrine falcon (Military-related term) heiho Japanese colonial auxiliaries heiho auxiliaries hentai 1. pornographic (adj.) 2. pornographic anime, manga or Japanese computer game. hentai 1. Pervert meaning in Japanese based on contraction of 変態性欲 (hentai seiyoku, lit. perverse sexual desire). 2. The original meaning in the Japanese language is transformation or metamorphosis. hikoki aeroplane hikōki aeroplane hinomaru national flag of Japan hinomaru national flag of Japan hiragana hiragana Hiragana is a Japanese syllabary. hokokai Japanese colonial mobilisation group hōkōkai public service association such as Jawa Hokokai. honbu headquarters honbu headquarters honda moped, autocycle; pickup truck honda Honda, name of vehicle manufacturer. hoso kyoku broadcasting station hōsōkyoku broadcasting station I Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref iaido iaidō Iaidō (居合道), abbreviated with iai (居合), is a Japanese martial art that emphasizes being aware and capable of quickly drawing the sword and responding to a sudden attack. iaidoka iaido practitioner iaidōka iaido practitioner ici one ichi one iciban most ichiban most ikebana ikebana ikebana ikebana Ikebana (生け花, "living flowers") is the Japanese art of flower arrangement. ipon crushing victory ippon 1.  one point, 2.  a blow see ippon J Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref jibaku, berjibaku 1. suicide bomber 2. reckless, desperate attack jibaku suicide bombing, self-destruction 1. see also kamikaze. 2. Common use with prefix ber- in form of berjibaku. jibakutai suicide squad jibakutai suicide squad jinci fortification, position jinchi encampment, position johobu intelligence section jōhōbu 1. information bureau,  2. intelligence department joto first class jōtō first class ju rifle, gun jū gun judo judo jūdō Judo (柔道 jūdō, meaning "gentle way") was created as a physical, mental and moral pedagogy in Japan, in 1882, by Jigoro Kano (嘉納治五郎). Its most prominent feature is its competitive element, where the objective is to either throw or takedown an opponent to the ground, immobilize or otherwise subdue an opponent with a pin, or force an opponent to submit with a joint lock or a choke. judogi judo uniform jūdōki judo uniform judoka judo practitioner jūdōka judo practitioner judokang judo hall jūdōkan judo hall jugun-ianfu comfort women jūgun-ianfu comfort women jujitsu jujutsu jujutsu jujutsu see also yuyitsu. juki rifle, firearm; heavy machine-gun jūki small arms jukikanju heavy machine-gun jūkikanjū heavy machine gun jukén bayonet jūken bayonet K Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref kabuki kabuki kabuki A form of Japanese theatre in which elaborately costumed male performers use stylized movements, dances, and songs in order to enact tragedies and comedies. kaigun navy kaigun navy kaitén human (suicide) torpedo kaiten torpedo modified as a suicide weapon kamikazé 1. divine wind (typhoon), 2. suicide attacks by military aviators from Japan in World War 2 kamikaze kampai lie supine, stretched out, irregular, powerless kanpai complete defeat,  utter defeat,  annihilation kanji kanji kanji kanji 1. Kanji (漢字) are the adopted logographic Chinese characters that are used in the Japanese writing system. 2. see also Honji, from Chinese karakuri karakuri, machine mechanism karakuri karakuri (lit. mechanism) karaoke karaoke karaoke karaoke clipped compound of 空 (kara) empty and orchestra. karate karate karate karate uniform karateki karate uniform karateka karate practitioner karateka karate practitioner kata kata Kata are detailed choreographed patterns of movements practiced either solo or in pairs. kéibitai guard troops, garrison unit keibitai guard troops, garrison unit kéibodan Japanese colonial police assistant keibōdan civil defense unit kéiri finance keiri finance kéiréi salute keirei salute kéisatsu police keisatsu police kéisatsutai police force keisatsutai police force keki light machine gun keiki light machine gun kémpého kempeitai auxiliaries kenpeiho kempeitai auxiliaries kémpétai Japanese military police kenpeitai kempeitai 1. The Kenpeitai (憲兵隊, "Military Police Corps") was the military police arm of the Imperial Japanese Army from 1881 to 1945. 2. current Japan military police is called (keimutai) ken fist, clench ken fist, clench ken regency (large district) ken 1. prefecture (of Japan), 2. county (of China) see Administrative divisions of Japan kenco regent (large district) kenchō 1. prefecture (of Japan), head of, 2. county (of China), head of see Administrative divisions of Japan kèndo kendo kendō kendo lit. sword way kénpéi military police kenpei military police kénpéitaico head of kempeitai kenpeitaichō head of kempeitai kenpo, kempo kenpō kenpō kenpō lit. fist method kiai kiai Kiai is a Japanese term used in martial arts for the short yell or shout uttered when performing an attacking move. kidobutai special task force kidōbutai mobile troops;  mechanized unit kimigayo kimigayo, national anthem of Japan kimigayo kimigayo, national anthem of Japan kimono 1. Japanese traditional dress, 2. Bathrobe kimono 1. cloth 2. kimono kinrohosyi labour service kinrōhōshi labour service kiotsuké attention! kiwotsuke attention! koo term of address for a sultan, prince, etc. kō marquis,  lord,  daimyo, prince kooa cigarettes kōa Asia development koci special area, principality kōchi "marquis,  lord,  daimyo, prince"+land kodo imperial rule kōdō imperial rule Imperial means Empire of Japan kodomo children kodomo children koi koi carp koi carp kokang bolt lever of a rifle kōkan steel pipe kotai change, relief (of guard) (mil.) kōtai alternation, change,  relief,  relay,  shift,  substitution koto high kōtō high class kotsubu registration of motor vehicles department kōtsūbu transportation department kozan mine kōzan mine ku sub-district ku ward, district see Administrative divisions of Japan kuco head of sub-district kuchō head of ward, district see Administrative divisions of Japan kumiai association, union kumiai association, union kumico people association leader kumichō association leader kyoikutai education branch kyōikutai education unit kyorén training, instruction kyōren drill M Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref manga manga, Japanese-style comics manga manga, refer to cartooning, comics, and animation 1. lit. impromptu sketches 2. sometimes, manga-influenced comics, such as Chinese manhua (漫畫, 漫画) and Korean manhwa (만화), are included in. mangaka mangaka Mangaka is the Japanese word for manga artist. mikado Emperor of Japan mikado Emperor of Japan The literal meaning of 御門 is "the honorable gate", that is, the gate of the Japanese imperial palace. minséibu civil administration department minseibu civil administration department minséifu civil administration department (naval zone) minseifu civil administration mirin mirin 味醂 味醂 mirin mirin Mirin (味醂 or みりん) is an essential condiment used in Japanese cuisine from a type of rice wine similar to sake, but with a lower alcohol content and higher sugar content. mitamasyiro spirit substitute mitamashiro spirit substitute moci mochi mochi mochi Mochi (Japanese: 餅, もち) is Japanese rice cake made of mochigome, a short-grain japonica glutinous rice. mocitsuki mochi preparation for Japanese new year mochitsuki mochi preparation for Japanese new year mokto silent prayer mokutō silent prayer mokuju wooden gun, rifle mokujū wooden gun N Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref naimubu internal affairs department naimubu internal affairs department nansyinron nanshin-ron nanshin-ron nanshin-ron The Southern Expansion Doctrine (南進論 Nanshin-ron) was a political doctrine in the Empire of Japan which stated that Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands were Japan's sphere of interest and that the potential value to the Japanese Empire for economic and territorial expansion in those areas was greater than elsewhere. nanyo nanyang nanyō nanyang Nanyang is a sinocentric Chinese term for the warmer and fertile geographical region south of China, otherwise known as the 'South Sea' or Southeast Asia. naoré eyes front! naore blot; disgrace; dishonor nikkeiren Japanese labour union nikkeiren Japan Federation of Employers' Associations Nikkeiren is short form of Japan Federation of Employers' Associations (日本経営者団体連盟) which merged into Japan Business Federation. ninja 1. ninja. 2. Unidentified killer with black clothes and mask ninja ninja A ninja (忍者) or shinobi (忍び) was a covert agent or mercenary in feudal Japan. noh noh nō noh Noh (能 Nō), derived from the Sino-Japanese word for "skill" or "talent", is a major form of classical Japanese musical drama that has been performed since the 14th century. nipon, nippon Japan nippon Japan nippon is more related to World War II and before; current reading prefers nihon than nippon. nipongo Japanese language nippongo Japanese language niponjin Japanese people nipponjin Japanese people niponséishin Japanese spirit nipponseishin Japanese spirit nogyo kumiai agricultural cooperative nōgyō kumiai agricultural cooperative nori nori nori nori O Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref obi obi obi obi Obi is a sash for traditional Japanese dress, keikogi (uniforms for Japanese martial arts), and part of kimono outfits. okura okra okura okra onagata male actor in female kabuki roles onnagata male actor in female kabuki roles onigiri onigiri onigiri onigiri Onigiri, also known as o-musubi, nigirimeshi or rice ball, is a Japanese food made from white rice formed into triangular or cylindrical shapes and often wrapped in nori (seaweed). onsèn onsen 温泉 溫泉 onsen onsen An onsen (温泉) is a Japanese hot spring; the term also extends to cover the bathing facilities and traditional inns frequently situated around a hot spring. origami origami origami origami Origami is the art of paper folding, which is often associated with Japanese culture. oritsuru crane-shaped origami oriduru crane-shaped origami In Japanese, rendaku is applied so ori+tsuru changed into oriduru, while Indonesian kept non-rendaku pronunciation. P Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref panko bread crumbs panko bread crumbs Panko (パン粉) is a variety of flaky bread crumb used in Japanese cuisine as a crunchy coating for fried foods, such as tonkatsu. pesinban night guard fushinban night watch;  vigilance R Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref ramen ramen ramen soup noodle a kind of Japanese-style soup noodle originated from China rengo trade union rengo RENGO RENGO (連合 Rengō), which stands for Japanese Trade Union Confederation (日本労働組合総連合会 Nihon Rōdōkumiai Sōrengōkai), is a national trade union center in Japan. rénséitai training units renseitai training units rikugun army rikugun army romukyokai rōmusha recruitment committee rōmukyōkai rōmusha committee see Rōmusha (労務者). romusa, romusha, romusya rōmusha rōmusha rōmusha Rōmusha (労務者) is a Japanese language word for "laborer", but has come to specifically denote forced laborers during the Japanese occupation of Indonesia in World War II. S Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref sabo erosion, sedimentation, landslide control system sabō erosion control saikosyikikan Commander-in-chief saikōshikikan Commander-in-chief sake Sake, Japanese rice wine, is made by fermenting rice that has been polished to remove the bran. sakura A cherry blossom is the flower of any of several trees of genus Prunus, particularly the Japanese cherry, Prunus serrulata, which is called sakura after the Japanese (桜 or 櫻; さくら). samurai Samurai (侍) were the military nobility and officer caste of medieval and early-modern Japan. sangyobu industrial department sangyōbu industrial department sashimi Sashimi is a Japanese delicacy consisting of very fresh raw meat or fish sliced into thin pieces. satori free from discrimination condition satori 1. comprehension,  understanding 2. enlightenment (Buddhism) sayonara good bye sayōnara formal, final good bye seikeirei profound obeisance saikeirei a low, deep bow, a respectful bow seko observer, scout, spy sekkō scout, patrol, spy sendenbu Japanese colonial propaganda office sendenbu public relation departement sensei Japanese teacher, including Japanese martial arts teacher sensei elder, scholar, teacher, doctor see also sinse, Chinese loanword. seinendan Japanese colonial youth association seinendan youth association 青年 (seinen) = youth. shinkansen 1. high-speed passenger train, bullet train 2. shinkansen shinkansen shinkansen The Shinkansen, means new trunkline or new main line, colloquially known in English as the bullet train, is a network of high-speed railway lines in Japan. Shinto shinto shintō shinto Shinto is the traditional religion of Japan that focuses on ritual practices to be carried out diligently to establish a connection between present-day Japan and its ancient past. soba soba, a buckwheat noodle soba 1. buckwheat, 2. buckwheat noodle Son Goku Son Goku Son Gokū Sun Wukong, Goku see also Sun Go Kong from Chinese. sogi shogi 将棋 將棋 shōgi shogi Shogi, also known as Japanese chess or the Game of Generals, is a two-player strategy board game native to Japan in the same family as chess. sogo 1. a giant trading company whose sales in retail, 2. Sogo, departement store chain sogō Sogo, a department store chain Sogo is department store chain which was founded Ihei Sogo (十合　伊兵衛, Sogou Ihei). soroban soroban soroban soroban The soroban (算盤, そろばん, counting tray) is an abacus developed in Japan. see suanpan, Chinese loanword. somubu general affairs department sōmubu general affairs department subuco Japanese colonial officer subucho head of auxiliary departement sudoku sudoku 数独 數獨 sūdoku sudoku Sudoku (数独 sūdoku, digit-single) (originally called Number Place) is a logic-based, combinatorial number-placement puzzle. suiseki suiseki suiseki suiseki Suiseki (水石) are small naturally occurring or shaped rocks which are traditionally appreciated. sukiyaki sukiyaki sukiyaki Sukiyaki is a Japanese dish that is prepared and served in the nabemono (Japanese hot pot) style. sumubu religious affairs department shūmubu religious affairs department susyi sushi sushi Sushi is a Japanese dish of specially prepared vinegared rice (鮨飯 sushi-meshi), usually with some sugar and salt, combined with a variety of ingredients (ネタ neta), such as seafood, vegetables, and occasionally tropical fruits. sumo sumo sumō sumo Sumo (wrestling) is a competitive full-contact wrestling sport where a rikishi (wrestler) attempts to force another wrestler out of a circular ring (dohyō) or into touching the ground with anything other than the soles of his feet. syi municipality shi municipality syico mayor shichō mayor syihobu judicial affairs department shihōbu judicial affairs department syodanco platoon commander shōdanchō platoon commander syogun, shogun shōgun shōgun shōgun The shōgun was the military dictator of Japan during the period from 1185 to 1868 (with exceptions). syu residency shū state syuco resident; residency shūchō syucokan resident; administrator shūchōkan syurikèn shuriken 手裏剣 手裏劍 shuriken shuriken A shuriken (Japanese 手裏剣; literally: "hidden hand blade") is a Japanese concealed weapon that was used as a hidden dagger to distract or misdirect. T Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref taico unit commander taichō leader, captain taiho gun, cannon taihō gun, cannon taikén sword-armed taiken sword-armed taisa colonel taisa colonel taiso Japanese gymnastics taisho gymnastics,  physical exercises,  calisthenics takeyari bamboo spear takeyori bamboo spear takoyaki Takoyaki (たこ焼き or 蛸焼) is a ball-shaped Japanese snack made of a wheat flour-based batter and cooked in a special molded pan. tama bullet, shell tama bullet, shell tatami sport play area tatami tatami Tatami (畳) is a type of mat used as a flooring material in traditional Japanese-style rooms. taté Stand up! tate Stand up! téikoku empire teikoku empire tempura tempura tenpura Tempura is Japanese dish usually consisting of seafood or vegetables that have been battered and deep fried. téncosétsu Emperor's Birthday tenchōsetsu Emperor's Birthday Emperor's Birthday was named 天長節 from 1868 to 1948, has been named (tennōtanjōbi) since 1948. ténko roll call tenko roll call tenno heika 1. Emperor of Japan, 2. Hirohito, Emperor Shōwa tennō heika His Imperial Majesty (of Japan) 1. originally refer to current Emperor in Japan; 2. as the term introduced at World War II, the phrase refers to Hirohito, Emperor Shōwa (April 29, 1901 – January 7, 1989), the Emperor of Japan at that time. 3. 天皇 (tennō) = Japanese emperor, 陛下 (heika) = majesty teno Emperor of Japan tennō Emperor of Japan teriyaki teriyaki teriyaki teriyaki Teriyaki is a cooking technique used in Japanese cuisine in which foods are broiled or grilled with a glaze of soy sauce, mirin, and sugar. tekidanto grenade launcher tekidantō grenade launcher tépo gun, rifle teppō tobang military or police helper (or lackey) tōban being on duty tobiko tobiko 飛び子 飛び子 tobiko tobiko Tobiko (とびこ) is the Japanese word for flying fish roe. tofu extra soft tofu tōfu tofu see also tahu, loan word from Chinese. tokubetsuhan special squad of staff officers tokubetsuhan special unit tomare Halt! tomare Halt! tonarigumi neighbourhood association tonarigumi neighbourhood association toyota a Toyota jeep toyota Toyota Motor Corporation, usually shortened to Toyota, is a Japanese multinational automotive manufacturer headquartered in Toyota, Aichi, Japan which founded by Toyoda, Kiichirō (豊田 喜一郎). tsunami tsunami tsunami 1. tsunami, tidal wave, 2. tidal bore tsuru crane-shaped origami tsuru crane U Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref udon udon udon Udon is a type of thick wheat flour noodle, used frequently in Japanese cuisine. umami umami umami umami Umami, lit. "pleasant savory taste", is one of the five basic tastes, has been described as savory, and characteristic of broths and cooked meats. W Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref wagyu wagyu wagyū wagyu Wagyu (和牛 Wagyū, "Japanese cow") is any of four Japanese breeds of beef cattle. wasabi wasabi wasabi wasabi Wasabi (Eutrema japonicum or Wasabia japonica) is a plant of the family Brassicaceae, which also includes horseradish and mustard. wazari winning score in judo waza-ari waza-ari, half-point Y Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref yakitori yakitori yakitori yakitori Yakitori is a Japanese type of skewered chicken. yamaha yamaha Yamaha Corporation is a Japanese multinational corporation and conglomerate with a very wide range of products and services, predominantly musical instruments, electronics and power sports equipment which established by Torakusu Yamaha (山葉寅楠) in 1867. yamato yamato yamato yamato Yamato (大和) was originally the area around today's Sakurai City in Nara prefecture of Japan which became the Yamato Province and by extension a name for the whole of Japan. yasume (Stand) at ease! yasume (Stand) at ease! yen yen en 1. yen, money, 2. circle yugékitai guerilla task force yūgekitai commando unit yuyitsu jujutsu jujutsu jujutsu see also jujitsu. Z Indonesian Word Indonesian Meaning Japanese New Form Japanese Old Form Japanese Transliteration Japanese Meaning Note Ref zaibatsu zaibatsu zaibatsu zaibatsu zaibatsu (財閥, "financial clique") is a Japanese term referring to industrial and financial business conglomerates in the Empire of Japan. zaimubu financial department zaimubu financial department zen zen zen zen Zen is the Japanese variant of Chan Buddhism, a Mahayana school that strongly emphasizes dhyana concentration-meditation. zimukyokuco head of the administrative section jimukyokuchō head of secretariat zinkozosan raising local production jinkōzōsan artificial production increase Bibliography Badudu, J.S; Kamus Kata-kata Serapan Asing Dalam Bahasa Indonesia; Kompas, Jakarta, 2003 Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Jakarta, Balai Pustaka: 1999, halaman 1185 s.d. 1188 berisikan Pendahuluan buku Senarai Kata Serapan dalam Bahasa Indonesia, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Jakarta, 1996 (dengan sedikit penyaduran tanpa mengubah maksud dan tujuan seseungguhnya dari buku ini). References

Notes and References

1. pronounced as //p//, pronounced as //t//, pronounced as //k// are unaspirated, as in the Romance languages, or as in English spy, sty, sky. In final position, they are unreleased pronounced as /[p̚, t̪̚, ʔ̚]/, with final k being a glottal stop. pronounced as //b, d// are also unreleased, and therefore devoiced, pronounced as /[p̚, t̚]/. There is no liaison: they remain unreleased even when followed by a vowel, as in kulit ubi "potato skins", though they are pronounced as a normal medial consonant when followed by a suffix.
2. The fricatives pronounced as /[f, z, ʃ, x, ɣ]/ are found in loanwords only. Some speakers pronounce orthographic ‹v› in loanwords as pronounced as /link/; otherwise it is pronounced as /link/. The fricative [z] can also be an allophone of /s/ before voiced consonants.
3. In dialects such as the Tokyo dialect, the voiced fricatives pronounced as /[{{IPAplink|z}}, {{IPAplink|ʑ}}]/ are generally pronounced as affricates pronounced as /[{{IPAplink|dz}}, {{IPAplink|dʑ}}]/ in word-initial positions and after the moraic nasal pronounced as //N// (pronounced pronounced as /link/ before pronounced as /[dz]/ and pronounced as /link/ before pronounced as /[dʑ]/) or the sokuon pronounced as //Q// (spelled Japanese: ッ, only in loanwords). Actual realizations of these sounds vary among speakers (see Yotsugana).
4. When an affricate consonant is geminated, only the closure component of it is repeated: pronounced as /[kiddzɯ], [eddʑi], [ittsɯi], [kettɕakɯ]/.
5. A declining number of speakers pronounce word-medial pronounced as /link/ as pronounced as /link/, but pronounced as //ɡ// is always represented by pronounced as /[ɡ]/ in this system.
6. The glottal stop pronounced as /link/ is an allophone of pronounced as //k// and pronounced as //ɡ// in the coda: baik, bapak. It is also used between identical vowels in hiatus. Only a few words have this sound in the middle, e.g. bakso (meatballs) and rakyat (alternative word of 'people' or 'society'). It may be represented by an apostrophe in Arabic derived words such as Al Qur'an.
7. pronounced as /[ɰ]/, romanized w, is the consonant equivalent of the vowel pronounced as /[ɯ]/, which is pronounced with varying degrees of rounding, depending on dialect.
8. The syllable-final n (moraic nasal) is pronounced as some kind of nasalized vowel before a vowel, semivowel (pronounced as /[j, ɰ]/) or fricative (pronounced as /[ɸ, s, ɕ, ç, h]/). pronounced as /[ɰ̃]/ is a conventional notation undefined for the exact place of articulation.
9. In many dialects including the Tokyo dialect, close vowels pronounced as /[i]/ and pronounced as /[ɯ]/ become voiceless (marked by a ring under the symbol) when surrounded by voiceless consonants and not followed by a pitch drop.
10. pronounced as /[ɯ]/, romanized u, exhibits varying degrees of rounding depending on dialect. In the Tokyo dialect, it is either unrounded or compressed (pronounced as /[ɯᵝ]/), meaning the sides of the lips are held together without horizontal protrusion, unlike protruded pronounced as /link/.