Since India gained independence in 1947, the Indian National Congress (INC) has seen a number of splits and breakaway factions. Some of the breakaway organisations have survived as independent parties, some have become defunct, while others have merged with the parent party or other political parties.
Year | Party | Leader | Region | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1915 | Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha | National | |||
1923 | Swaraj Party | defunct merged with INC | |||
1939 | All India Forward Bloc[1] | Sardul Singh Caveeshar Sheel Bhadra Yagee Subhas Chandra Bose | National | active | |
1951 | Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party[2] | defunct merged with Praja Socialist Party | |||
1951 | defunct merged with Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party | ||||
1951 | Narsinhbhai Dadhaniya Ratibhai Ukabhai | defunct merged with Swatantra Party | |||
1956 | Indian National Democratic Congress[3] | defunct merged with Swatantra Party | |||
1959 | Swatantra Party[4] | defunct merged with Bharatiya Kranti Dal | |||
1964 | Kerala Congress[5] | active as the original party has various factions, which have split off from it such as Kerala Congress (M), Kerala Congress (Jacob), Kerala Congress (B), Kerala Congress (Democratic), Kerala Congress (Skaria Thomas), Kerala Congress (Thomas), Kerala Congress (Nationalist) | |||
1966 | defunct merged with Janata Party | ||||
1967 | defunct merged with INC | ||||
1967 | defunct merged with INC | ||||
1967 | Bharatiya Kranti Dal[6] [7] | defunct merged with Bharatiya Lok Dal | |||
1968 | Manipur Peoples Party[8] | Mohammed Alimuddin | active | ||
1969 | National | active recognized as the INC by the Election Commission (EC) after the 1971 general election. The party was allowed to call itself the Indian National Congress without any suffix and the EC also restored the frozen Congress symbol of two bullocks to it. But, Indira Gandhi's supporters preferred the “Calf and Cow” symbol it had adopted after the 1969 split and dropped the suffix “R”..[9] | |||
1969 | Indian National Congress (Organisation)[10] | K. Kamaraj | National | defunct merged with Janata Party | |
1969 | defunct merged with Janata Party | ||||
1969 | defunct merged with INC | ||||
1971 | Sukumar Roy | active part of the Left Front (West Bengal) | |||
1977 | Congress for Democracy[11] | National | defunct merged with Janata party | ||
1978 | National | Recognised by the Election Commission as the INC in 1981 | |||
1979 | defunct become Indian National Congress (Socialist) | ||||
1980 | defunct merged with INC | ||||
1981 | Indian National Congress (Socialist)[12] | defunct merged with INC | |||
1981 | defunct | ||||
1984 | Indian Congress (Socialist) - Sarat Chandra Sinha[13] | Assam | active Major faction of the party merged with Nationalist Congress Party. However a residual faction still exists in Kerala as a part of Left Front. | ||
1986 | defunct merged with INC | ||||
1988 | Thamizhaga Munnetra Munnani[14] | defunct merged with Janata Dal | |||
1990 | defunct merged with INC in 2004 | ||||
1994 | All India Indira Congress (Tiwari)[15] | defunct merged with INC | |||
1994 | defunct merged with INC | ||||
1994 | defunct merged with INC | ||||
1996 | defunct merged with INC | ||||
1996 | defunct merged with INC | ||||
1996 2014 | Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar)[16] | G. K. Moopanar 1996-2001 G. K. Vasan (2014–present) | active merged with INC in 2001 split again from INC in 2014 | ||
1996 | defunct merged with INC | ||||
1997 | defunct | ||||
1997 | defunct merged with INC | ||||
1997 | Manipur State Congress Party[17] | defunct merged with RJD | |||
1998 | active left the alliance with INC | ||||
1998 | Francis de Souza | defunct merged with Nationalist Congress Party | |||
1998 | defunct merged with INC | ||||
1998 | All India Indira Congress (Secular)[18] | defunct merged with INC | |||
1998 | Maharashtra Vikas Aghadi[19] | defunct merged with INC | |||
1999 | defunct merged with Nationalist Congress Party | ||||
1999 | Maharashtra Meghalaya Kerala | active alliance with INC. | |||
1999 | active | ||||
2000 | defunct merged with INC | ||||
2001 | defunct formed as TMCJP, merged with inc | ||||
2001 | defunct merged with INC | ||||
2001 | defunct | ||||
2002 | active | ||||
2002 | defunct merged with Bharatiya Janata Party | ||||
2002 | defunct merged with NCP | ||||
2003 | Kameng Dolo | defunct merged with Bharatiya Janata Party | |||
2003 | Neiphiu Rio | active | |||
2005 | defunct merged with INC | ||||
2005 | Democratic Indira Congress (Karunakaran)[20] | defunct merged with Nationalist Congress Party and a large number of workers returned to the INC with K. Karunakaran later his son K. Muraleedharan also returned to INC | |||
2007 | merged with INC | ||||
2008 | defunct merged with All India Trinamool Congress | ||||
2011 | active | ||||
2011 | active | ||||
2014 | Nallari Kiran Kumar Reddy | defunct merged with INC | |||
2016 | active | ||||
2019 | defunct | ||||
2021 | defunct merged with Bharatiya Janata Party | ||||
2022 | active |
https://eci.nic.in/eci_main/mis-Political_Parties/Constitution_of_Political_Parties/ConstitutionOfINC.pdf