List of Halley-type comets explained

The following is a list of Halley-type comets (HTCs), which are periodic comets with an orbital period between 20 and 200 years, often appearing only once or twice within one's lifetime. The majority come from between the orbits of Saturn and Neptune. Due to the nature of their orbits, they can be perturbed by the giant planets and sent into orbits too far from the Sun to outgas, and vice versa. Minor planets in comet-like orbits similar to HTCs that never come close enough to the Sun to outgas are called centaurs. HTCs are named after the first discovered member, and the first discovered periodic comet, Halley's Comet, which orbits the Sun in about 75 years, and passing as far as the orbit of Neptune.

Most of the comets that have a period between 20 and 200 years (making them HTCs based on the classical definition) are actually officially classified as either Jupiter-family comets (JFCs) or Chiron-type comets (CTCs), based on their Jupiter Tisserand's parameter (TJupiter). Although JFCs are classically defined by (P < 20 y), they're officially defined by (2 < TJupiter < 3). CTCs, on the other hand, are officially defined by (TJupiter > 3; a > aJupiter). Since they do not include any period-related constraints, some of the 20–200 year-period comets unfortunately match one of the classifications, making comet classifications even more vague.

Numbered HTCs

For the 15 numbered HTCs, see the list of numbered comets, where they are labelled "HTC" in column "class".

Unnumbered HTCs

This list contains only Halley-type comets which are not numbered yet because they have been observed only once. Comets that belong to a different comet classification based on its Jupiter Tisserand parameter are given its alternative classification next to the comets' name.

Comet designationName/ discoverer(s)Period (years)ea
(AU)
q
(AU)
i
(°)
Abs. mag (M1)Last observed perihelionNext perihelionRef
145 0.993121 27.6473325 0.190186 32.6828 1917/04/11 2062
C/1921 H1 Dubiago 70.8 0.9348 17.102 1.116 22.34 1921/05/04 2062
C/1937 D1 Wilk 187 0.981098 32.7445244 0.618937 26.0205 1937/02/21 2124
C/1942 EA 85.4 0.933639 19.3951116 1.287079 37.9961 1942/02/15 2027/07/10
C/1984 A1 Bradfield 1 152.3 0.9524 28.5 1.35751 51.8005 9.6 1983/12/27 2136/04/01
C/1989 A3 Bradfield 81.9 0.977708 18.853 0.420271 83.0672 1988/12/05 2070/11/01
C/1991 L3 51.28 0.928811 13.8018 0.982545 19.19031 8.8 1991/07/08 2042/10/19
C/1998 G1 42.08 0.8237 12.099 2.1333 109.714 10.8 1998/11/16 2040/12/15
C/1998 Y1 LINEAR 110 0.9239 22.956 1.74699 28.1082 14 1998/11/21 2108/11/15
C/1999 E1 66.06 0.76011 16.341 3.92002 46.88108 8.3 1998/01/31 2065/02/21
C/1999 G1 149 0.856 28.1 4.048 76.55 8 1998/08/01 2150
C/1999 K4 LINEAR 70 0.92 20 1.442 120.8 18.5 1999/05/16 2069/06/08
C/1999 S3 LINEAR 82.43 0.89995 18.94 1.894939 70.5607 4.9 1999/11/09 2081/04/04
C/1999 XS87 LINEAR (*JFC)72.5 0.84057 17.386 2.7718 14.8464 10.9 1999/08/06 2072/02/04
C/2000 D2 LINEAR 72 0.867 17.2 2.2975 156.992 13.7 2000/03/08 2072
C/2000 G2 LINEAR 52 0.805 14 2.716 170.4785 12.8 2000/02/05 2052
C/2000 S3 LONEOS (*JFC)39.97 0.7723 11.69 2.6622 25.164 6.4 2000/07/16 2040/07/10
C/2001 M10 NEAT (*JFC)137.63 0.80107 26.657 5.30275 28.08349 9.4 2001/06/21 2139/02/01
48.5 0.9252595 13.3 0.9940479 80.24505 13.2 2002/03/15 2050/09/13
C/2001 W2 75.89 0.94136 17.925 1.051065 115.9131 12.1 2001/12/23 2077/11/15
C/2002 A1 LINEAR (*JFC)70.04 0.72281 16.992 4.70996 14.03393 8.6 2001/11/26 2071/12/11
C/2002 A2 LINEAR (*JFC)70.74 0.72482 17.103 4.70659 14.0386 7.5 2001/12/05 2072/09/01
C/2002 B1 LINEAR 31.24 0.77102 9.9183 2.27113 51.0214 6.3 2002/04/20 2032/06/17
C/2002 CE10 LINEAR 30.75 0.791486 9.81595 2.0467593 145.4587 10.8 2003/06/22 2034/03/23
C/2002 K4 73.41 0.84232 17.532 2.76453 94.0632 11.4 2002/07/12 2075/12/01
C/2003 E1 NEAT (*JFC)50.86 0.76359 13.7263 3.245004 33.53785 10.6 2004/02/13 2054/12/24
C/2003 F1 93.93 0.80605 20.664 4.007806 70.2216 8.3 2003/06/28 2097/06/02
P/2003 QX29 NEAT (*JFC) 22.74 0.4718 8.0255 4.239 11.3965 6.1 2002/10/26 2025/07/21
C/2003 R1 87.44 0.89331 19.7 2.10188 149.19563 12.7 2003/06/29 2090/12/15
C/2003 U1 LINEAR 109.6 0.9216 22.9 1.79572 164.4745 15.2 2003/11/03 2113
C/2003 W1 LINEAR 126.1 0.93429 25.15 1.65241 78.0756 13.5 2003/11/09 2130
C/2004 C1 Larsen (*JFC)39.33 0.6231 11.566 4.3594 28.918 10 2003/03/19 2042/09/01
P/2004 V5-A LINEAR–Hill (*JFC) 22.42 0.445217 7.95059 4.410853 19.358136 8.8 2005/02/28 2027/07/31
P/2004 V5-B LINEAR–Hill (*JFC) 22.42 0.445233 7.95092 4.41091 19.35822 9.2 2005/03/01 2027/08/02
C/2005 N5 153.65 0.94327 28.687 1.6274 21.37879 12.9 2005/08/22 2159/01/01
C/2005 O2 115.43 0.85939 23.707 3.33358 148.89204 5.2 2005/09/08 2121/02/15
P/2005 S2 Skiff (*CTC)22.48 0.1967 7.965 6.398 3.141 7.9 2006/06/30 2028/12/22
P/2005 T3 Read (*CTC)20.58 0.174 7.509 6.202 6.26 9.2 2006/01/13 2026/08/15
P/2005 T4 28.4 0.93 9.3 0.649399 160.0362 15.4 2005/10/10 2034
C/2005 W2 Christensen (*JFC)82.68 0.82446 18.979 3.33162 11.26403 10.8 2006/03/27 2096/12/01
C/2006 F2 Christensen (*JFC)43.27 0.65138 12.324 4.2965 20.511 10.6 2006/05/30 2049/09/06
P/2006 HR30 21.86 0.8431184 7.81754 1.2264277 31.884499 11.7 2007/01/02 2028/11/12
C/2006 U7 Gibbs (*JFC)41.51 0.6309 11.99 4.425 57.762 11.6 2007/03/28 2048/10/01
C/2007 S2 Lemmon (*JFC)44.45 0.557056 12.5477 5.557931 16.86305 9 2008/09/14 2053/02/25
C/2008 E1 Catalina (*JFC)34.94 0.54815 10.687 4.82891 35.03769 9.1 2008/08/11 2043/07/31
P/2008 O3 Boattini (*JFC)23.42 0.6949 8.186 2.4973 32.2699 5.1 2008/06/03 2031/11/03
C/2008 R3 79.11 0.89641 18.428 1.909035 43.23793 13.5 2008/11/22 2088/01/01
P/2008 Y3 McNaught (*JFC)22.75 0.44766 8.0281 4.434241 38.81318 8.7 2009/01/11 2031/10/12
P/2009 O3 Hill (*JFC)21.89 0.68688 7.8244 2.44999 16.2176 12 2009/05/18 2031/04/08
P/2009 Q5 McNaught (*JFC)20.4 0.609061 7.4654 2.91851 40.9048 10.5 2009/09/08 2030/02/02
P/2009 T2 La Sagra (*JFC)20.94 0.768991 7.596 1.75475 28.10639 14.2 2010/01/12 2030/12/21
P/2010 E2 Jarnac (*JFC)25.4 0.72237 8.6402 2.39874 15.437 14.4 2010/04/07 2035/08/31
C/2010 E5 Scotti (*JFC)122.96 0.84274 24.73 3.8884 18.9102 6.1 2009/11/21 2132/11/01
P/2010 J3 McMillan (*JFC)26.94 0.72682 8.9871 2.45511 13.25507 11.6 2010/08/23 2037/08/01
P/2010 JC81 23.19 0.77735 8.13307 1.8108311 38.69025 10.3 2011/04/26 2034/07/04
C/2010 L5 WISE 23.6 0.904 8.2 0.7909 147.052 17.4 2010/04/23 2033
C/2011 J3 86.5 0.9258 19.56 1.451 114.7124 13.1 2011/01/24 2097
P/2011 JB15 20 0.31874 7.3668 5.01871 19.14127 5.5 2012/01/21 2032/01/21
C/2011 L1 36.66 0.79678 11.034 2.24237 65.512 10.6 2010/12/18 2047/08/15
P/2011 P1 McNaught (*JFC)21.54 0.3598 7.741 4.9556 6.1741 8.2 2010/07/22 2032/02/04
C/2011 P2 PANSTARRS (*CTC)30.47 0.36982 9.7562 6.1481 8.98964 6.7 2010/09/13 2041/03/04
P/2011 S1 Gibbs (*CTC)25.46 0.20305 8.6545 6.8972 2.6792 5.5 2014/08/20 2040/02/04
C/2011 S2 65.83 0.9316 16.304 1.115118 17.57253 14.8 2011/10/26 2077/08/25
C/2011 Y3 Boattini (*JFC)40.82 0.705 11.85 3.4978 26.517 11.7 2011/08/22 2052/06/17
C/2012 BJ98 Lemmon[1] (*JFC)70.52 0.87365 17.068 2.156577 2.6369 8.1 2012/09/20 2083/03/29
P/2012 C3 PANSTARRS (*JFC)30.2 0.6264 9.7 3.625 9.19 13.5 2011/10/05 2042
C/2012 H2 64.9 0.8936 16.14 1.71678 92.8355 15.7 2012/05/03 2077
P/2012 NJ 24.79 0.848062 8.5027 1.2918901 84.37546 13.1 2012/06/13 2037/03/28
C/2012 Q1 Kowalski (*JFC)133.63 0.63722 26.138 9.48222 45.181 4.7 2012/02/09 2145/10/01
C/2012 T6 Kowalski 54.38 0.87634 14.354 1.77509 33.2755 15.7 2012/08/26 2067/01/15
C/2012 X2 PANSTARRS (*JFC)94.12 0.77052 20.69 4.74816 34.12389 9.6 2013/03/31 2107/05/14
C/2012 Y3 159.3 0.93993 29.38 1.76482 73.2318 10.4 2012/08/25 2172
C/2013 C2 Tenagra (*CTC)64.01 0.4293 16.001 9.1321 21.34426 4.4 2015/08/28 2080/09/01
C/2013 D1 Holvorcem (*JFC)37.62 0.78088 11.227 2.46013 10.09356 13.5 2013/04/13 2050/11/25
P/2013 N3 PANSTARRS (*JFC)20.26 0.5924 7.431 3.0289 2.17041 6.6 2014/02/11 2034/05/17
P/2013 P1 PANSTARRS (*JFC)25.17 0.6053 8.588 3.3902 18.702 11.6 2013/02/26 2038/04/29
C/2013 P4 PANSTARRS (*CTC)56.84 0.59636 14.783 5.96703 4.26425 5.1 2014/08/12 2071/06/15
C/2013 U1 Catalina (*JFC)41.17 0.7971 11.92 2.4188 23.9415 13.9 2013/11/18 2055/01/01
C/2013 V3 45.36 0.89097 12.718 1.386693 32.1345 15.2 2013/10/29 2059/03/09
C/2013 W2 PANSTARRS (*JFC)32.23 0.561 10.13 4.448 4.5436 5.8 2015/01/08 2047/03/15
C/2014 F3 SheppardTrujillo (*JFC)66 0.65 16.3 5.7 6.48 6.1 2021/04/17 2087
C/2014 HU195 Valdes–TOTAS (*JFC)102.25 0.76580 21.867 5.12113 5.82227 14.6 2015/05/18 2117/08/14
C/2014 J1 25.4 0.802 8.64 1.7085 159.696 16.8 2014/06/20 2039
P/2014 L3 Hill (*JFC)23.36 0.77309 8.1706 1.85396 6.264 13.7 2014/06/28 2037/11/06
P/2014 O3 PANSTARRS (*JFC)20.72 0.3847 7.544 4.642 7.81 10.4 2014/04/16 2035/01/04
151.64 0.94207 28.436 1.647408 89.94888 8.8 2014/11/19 2166/07/10
C/2014 TG64 Catalina (*JFC)22.283 0.7824 14.89 3.24 3.2391 6.4 2014/05/26 2072
C/2014 W7 Christensen 38 0.869 11.3 1.4881 98.314 16.3 2014/12/31 2052
C/2014 W9 37.28 0.8577 11.16 1.5874 10.6302 15.5 2015/02/15 2052/04/01
C/2014 W11 PANSTARRS (*JFC)30.67 0.650255 9.7980 3.426805 12.70679 8.8 2015/06/17 2036/04/16
C/2015 A1 PANSTARRS 90.24 0.900816 20.119 1.995505 80.36576 6.9 2015/03/13 2105/06/09
P/2015 A3 PANSTARRS 21 0.85 7.6 1.154 172.51 20.2 2015/02/22 2036
P/2015 B1 PANSTARRS (*JFC)30.10 0.38250 9.6772 5.97567 18.027 8.7 2015/09/19 2045/10/26
P/2015 B4 Lemmon–PANSTARRS (*JFC)25.72 0.56894 8.7121 3.75540 1.74262 11.7 2015/02/17 2030/12/04
C/2015 D2 PANSTARRS (*JFC)46.79 0.56826 12.985 5.6060 31.8339 6.3 2013/09/27 2060/07/13
C/2015 D5 Kowalski (*JFC)27.66 0.4996 9.145 4.576 20.3990 6.0 2014/04/16 2041/12/12
C/2015 F5 60.9 0.97764 15.47 0.345995 149.2590 17.6 2015/03/28 2075/02/01
C/2015 GX 65.13 0.878198 16.1883 1.971753 90.25454 14.4 2015/08/26 2080/10/09
C/2015 H1 Bressi 185.5 0.94078 32.53 1.92636 140.65558 6.6 2015/03/28 2200/10/07
P/2015 Q2 Pimentel 20.16 0.7544 7.407 1.81912 146.2022 15.3 2015/09/10 2035/11/06
C/2015 T5 SheppardTholen (*CTC)147.9 0.6661 27.97 9.3383 11.0483 7.7 2016/01/24 2164
C/2015 V4 79.89 0.70567 18.550 5.45972 60.7513 8.7 2016/08/27 2096/07/19
C/2015 X2 PANSTARRS 62.5 0.8791 15.75 1.90456 72.458 16.1 2015/12/20 2078/06/25
C/2015 X4 Elenin (*JFC)77.23 0.812807 18.1345 3.39466 29.50491 10.1 2015/11/03 2093/02/14
C/2015 X8 86.9 0.9393 19.6 1.1903 155.2817 14.1 2015/10/23 2099/09/13
C/2015 YG1 71.14 0.87924 17.169 2.07341 57.3360 12.3 2015/09/28 2086/11/17
P/2016 A3 PANSTARRS (*JFC)21.36 0.3778 7.6979 4.7895 8.5929 5.4 2017/04/13 2038/08/22
C/2016 Q4 Kowalski (*CTC)68.8 0.5781 16.79 7.084 7.2567 7.0 2018/01/28 2086
C/2016 S1 23.85 0.70887 8.285 2.41193 94.6898 7.5 2017/03/16 2041/01/20
P/2016 WM48 Lemmon 23.46 0.7867 8.1954 1.7480 117.5476 16.8 2017/02/26 2040
C/2017 C1 92.08 0.9263697 20.7832 1.50172 65.73154 2017/01/19 2109
P/2017 D4 PANSTARRS (*JFC)20.23 0.62898 7.424 2.7545 10.3396 12.7 2016/09/06 2036/11/29
C/2017 E2 100.09 0.89085 21.5567 2.35295 79.1686 11.3 2016/05/12 2116/06/14
P/2017 G1 PANSTARRS (*JFC) 21.53 0.66134 7.7387 2.621 3.534 13.1 2016/05/14 2037/11/23
P/2017 G2 PANSTARRS 23.22 0.65031 8.1394 2.846 47.90625 12.9 2017/06/13 2040/09/02
C/2017 K4 ATLAS (*JFC)148.87 0.90571 28.0883 2.64824 16.67822 7.2 2018/01/08 2167
P/2017 P1 PANSTARRS (*JFC)22.06 0.3088 7.86566 5.43665 7.7013 10.1 2018/06/18 2040/07/10
C/2017 S2 PANSTARRS (*JFC) 93.09 0.82406 20.5400 3.613 12.67723 13.2 2017/08/28 2110
C/2017 U5 PANSTARRS (*JFC) 69.72 0.74457 16.939 4.32676 18.9566 11.8 2017/12/19 2087/09/07
C/2017 W2 50.81 0.7115 13.7176 3.958 98.1831 10.9 2017/11/02 2068
P/2017 W3 Gibbs (*JFC) 21.51 0.5039 7.734 3.8373 18.317 10.5 2018/02/25 2039/08/30
C/2017 X1 PANSTARRS (*JFC)175.19 0.8511 31.3092 4.6624 31.3106 9.6 2018/06/14 2193
P/2017 Y3 30.86 0.8703 9.838 1.2753 27.5859 13.6 2018/02/11 2049
C/2018 A1 131.18 0.9061 25.8169 2.4233 53.6213 13.1 2017/10/20 2148
C/2018 A6 Gibbs 72.80 0.8273 17.434 3.011 77.454 8.9 2019/07/08 2092
C/2018 DO4131.40 0.9069 29.847 2.406 160.475 13.7 2019/08/18 2151
C/2018 K1 Weiland 163.42 0.9371 29.890 1.879 164.193 11.9 2018/04/06 2182
C/2018 M1 103.81 0.9409 22.087 1.304 37.265 15.9 2018/07/10 2122
C/2018 O1 147.09 0.944 27.864 1.558 154.041 12.6 2018/08/31 2165
C/2018 R5 109.55 0.8418 22.8947 3.6213 103.76 6 2019/01/09 2128
C/2018 S2 53.55 0.6149 14.206 5.471 64.220 6.7 2018/11/05 2072
C/2018 V2 129.65 0.9034 25.616 2.475 159.111 14.5 2018/11/26 2148
C/2018 W1 101.64 0.938 21.779 1.36 83.273 15.648 2019/05/11 2120
C/2018 X3 43.75 0.783 12.41686 2.69887 43.368 15.5 2018/12/30 2062
P/2018 Y2 Africano (*JFC)20.72 0.4878 7.543 3.8635 11.48886 11 2018/12/13 2039
C/2019 A5 100.81 0.7080 21.6608 6.3242 67.5310 9.4 2019/06/09 2119
C/2019 L1 PANSTARRS (*JFC) 30.90 0.7065 9.8474 2.88986 9.993 13.6 2019/08/11 2050
C/2019 L2 130.48 0.9370 25.72 1.622 152.19 10.3 2019/04/02 2149
C/2019 LB7 Kleyna 208.14 0.9293 35.1204 2.483 164.23 18.1 2019/03/27 2227
C/2019 T5 ATLAS 22.69 0.8092 8.014 1.5289 33.42 14.9 2019/08/01 2042
P/2019 V2 Groeller (*JFC) 20.63 0.333 7.523 5.0183 11.8 9.8 2020/10/21 2041
C/2019 Y4-D 111.65 0.9888 23.187 0.2589 44.02 14.5 2020/05/31 2132
C/2019 Y4-E 87.94 0.987 19.775 0.2525 45.085 16.3 2020/05/31 2108
P/2020 A4 PANSTARRS-Lemmon (*JFC) 23.52 0.6537 8.208 2.843 24.99 15.6 2019/11/22 2043
C/2020 M3 138.88 0.9527 26.817 1.268 23.474 14.6 2020/10/25 2159
C/2020 Q2 PANSTARRS (*JFC) 36.10 0.5055 10.9231 5.402 3.310 10.9 2020/02/07 2056
C/2020 S2 32.48 0.8275 10.1793 1.756 22.3978 16.3 2020/12/21 2052
P/2020 V3 PANSTARRS (*JFC) 24.17 0.2547 8.36 6.23 23.035 8.6 2021/02/07 2045
P/2020 V4 Rankin (*JFC) 28.52 0.4484 9.3336 5.15 14.245 6.9 2021/07/18 2050
P/2021 C2 PANSTARRS (*JFC) 29.47 0.4874 9.5408 4.890 21.927 11.4 2021/02/24 2050
Maury-Attard 134.85 0.9338 26.296 1.74 92.710 13.4 2021/02/19 2155
P/2021 J3 ATLAS (*JFC) 26.69 0.4507 8.931 4.890 14.573 6.9 2019/07/03 2046
C/2021 K1 ATLAS (*JFC) 45.50 0.8040 12.745 2.498 16.276 6.2 2021/05/04 2066
P/2021 R1 PANSTARRS (*JFC) 24.64 0.4229 8.467 4.886 5.520 7.4 2021/12/16 2046
P/2021 U1 Wierzchos 24.83 0.7127 8.511 2.445 30.560 16.1 2021/09/30 2046
P/2021 V2 Fuls (*JFC) 27.15 0.6130 9.034 3.500 12.696 7.0 2023/01/21 2050
C/2022 F2 117.13 0.934 23.939 1.585 97.293 15.8 2022/03/23 2139
C/2022 P1 79.30 0.9136 18.458 1.595 154.607 10.0 2022/11/28 2102
C/2022 Q2 187.51 0.9498 32.760 1.644 151.49 13.9 2023/01/31 2210
C/2022 S5 92.51 0.8935 20.454 2.179 136.53 12.8 2022/11/27 2115
P/2022 Y1 Hogan 44.43 0.764 12.545 2.958 18.859 13.3 2022/11/27 2067
C/2022 Y2 Lemmon 87.14 0.871 19.655 2.545 165.907 7.5 2023/03/22 2110
ATLAS 85.02 0.947 19.334 1.027 38.313 16.2 2023/07/01 2108
C/2023 H3 PANSTARRS 50.39 0.616 13.642 5.233 2.489 7.2 2024/02/19 2074
C/ ATLAS (*JFC) 32.32 0.490 10.147 5.172 10.358 7.4 2023/01/17 2055
C/2023 S3 Lemmon 152.38 0.971 28.529 0.83 140.498 16.7 2024/01/19 2164
C/2023 V3 PANSTARRS 48.17 0.662 13.239 4.472 40.259 11.6 2023/08/06 2071
C/2023 X4 Hogan (*JFC) 31.20 0.631 9.911 3.658 11.595 11.6 2024/05/24 2055
C/2024 A2 ATLAS 183.67 0.942 32.31 1.882 119.11 14.6 2024/04/28 2208
C/2024 C1 PANSTARRS (*JFC) 34.28 0.582 10.55 4.413 14.22 7.6 2024/08/30 2058
C/2024 C2 PANSTARRS (*CTC) 65.04 0.444 16.17 8.99 27.28 6.2 2025/03/11 2090
C/2024 C3 PANSTARRS (*JFC) 39.70 0.423 12.64 6.712 22.47 9.1 2023/11/08 2073
C/2024 F2 PANSTARRS (*JFC) 31.08 0.5996 9.885 3.958 13.74 11.2 2024/08/03 2055

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Yoshida. Seiichi. C/2012 BJ98 (Lemmon). aerith.net. 23 July 2014.