Two hundred and seventy-five scholars and artists were awarded Guggenheim Fellowships in 1956.[1] [2] More than $1,100,000 was disbursed[2] and the number of fellows was the highest in the fellowship's history up to that date.[3]
Category | Field of Study | Fellow | Institutional association | Research topic | Notes | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Creative Arts | Drama and Performance Art | Writing a musical | [4] [5] | |||
Fine Arts | Painting | [6] | ||||
Also won in 1955 | [7] | |||||
Exploration of a middle ground between objective and nonobjective paintings | ||||||
Painting | ||||||
[8] | ||||||
Painting | ||||||
Printmaking | ||||||
Fiction | Novel writing | [9] | ||||
Also won in 1953 | ||||||
[10] | ||||||
[11] | ||||||
[12] | ||||||
Music Composition | Composing | Also won in 1944 | ||||
Also won in 1938 | [13] | |||||
[14] | ||||||
Also won in 1957 | ||||||
Also won in 1958, 1964 | [15] | |||||
Composing | Also won in 1953 | [16] [17] | ||||
Also won in 1958 | ||||||
Also won in 1954 | [18] | |||||
Also won in 1966 | ||||||
Also won in 1959 | [19] | |||||
Also won in 1960 | ||||||
[20] | ||||||
Photography | Also won in 1955 | [21] [22] | ||||
Also won in 1953, 1975 | [23] | |||||
Also won in 1957, 1968 | [24] | |||||
Also won in 1955 | [25] | |||||
Poetry | Writing | |||||
Also won in 1955 | [26] | |||||
Columbia University (MA student) | Also won in 1962 | [27] [28] | ||||
Humanities | American Literature | Influence of Francis Bacon on American thought in the first half of the 19th century | ||||
Nathaniel Hawthorne's letters | Also won in 1948 | |||||
[29] | ||||||
Jonathan Edwards' Miscellanies as a source for the structure of his political thought | ||||||
[30] | ||||||
Architecture, Planning and Design | Development of cities as an aspect of modern civilization | Also won in 1932, 1938 | ||||
Biography | Also won in 1939 | [31] | ||||
British History | Also won in 1947, 1950 | [32] | ||||
Influence of the American Revolution on the people of Canada | Also won in 1957 | [33] | ||||
Development of the merchant class in Bristol, 1500-1640 | Also won in 1982 | |||||
Classics | [34] [35] | |||||
Early Greek lyric poetry and elegy | [36] | |||||
[37] | ||||||
Also won in 1936, 1937 | ||||||
History of lyric poetry of Ancient Greece | ||||||
Development of Sophocles' tragic vision illustrated in three plays | ||||||
Greek sculptural reliefs of the Archaic and Classical periods | ||||||
East Asian Studies | ||||||
Buddhist influence in the writings of Chinese intellectuals of the fourth and fifth centuries A.D. | ||||||
"Literary and scientific activities of the Jesuits in Peking in the 17th and 18th centuries" | ||||||
[38] | ||||||
Economic History | [39] | |||||
English Literature | Also won in 1965 | |||||
Alexander Pope and poetic tradition | Also won in 1965 | |||||
Samuel Taylor Coleridge's notebooks | Also won in 1953 | [40] [41] | ||||
Christian life in William Langland, Edmund Spenser, John Milton, and John Bunyan | Also won in 1973 | [42] | ||||
Also won in 1966 | [43] [44] | |||||
[45] | ||||||
Also won in 1941, 1942, 1945 | [46] | |||||
Also won in 1969 | [47] | |||||
Fine Arts Research | [48] | |||||
Also won in 1953 | [49] | |||||
P. J. Conkwright, Jr. | ||||||
German Romantic painting | ||||||
Architecture of the Spanish and Portuguese empires, 1450-1800 | Also won in 1943, 1952 | |||||
[50] | ||||||
[51] | ||||||
[52] | ||||||
Also won in 1978 | ||||||
Folklore and Popular Culture | Also won in 1954 | [53] | ||||
French Literature | History of European concepts relating to the USA | Also won in 1951 | ||||
Literary development of several French writers | Also won in 1985 | [54] | ||||
Also won in 1949 | ||||||
General Nonfiction | 2nd Armored Division in World War II | [55] [56] | ||||
Catholic Irish in America, 1820-1860 | ||||||
German and East European History | ||||||
Slavic contribution to European culture | [57] [58] [59] | |||||
German and Scandinavian Literature | Significance of Martin Luther for the early history of the printed Bible | |||||
Literary and cultural romanticism in German, French, and English literature | ||||||
Schopenhauer's philosophy | ||||||
History of Science and Technology | The development of Isaac Newton's scientific ideas and their influence in the 18th century | |||||
[60] | ||||||
Iberian and Latin American History | Regional origins of Spanish colonizers in America in the 16th century | |||||
Linguistics | Also won in 1954 | [61] | ||||
Also won in 1949 | ||||||
Italian phonology | ||||||
Also won in 1955 | [62] | |||||
Literary Criticism | The sublime in the criticism of poetry | |||||
Also won in 1963 | [63] | |||||
Problems of narrative form | Also won in 1969 | [64] | ||||
Also won in 1963 | ||||||
Also won in 1961 | ||||||
History of modern literary criticism | Also won in 1951, 1952, 1966 | [65] | ||||
Medieval History | History of representative government in Florence in the fourteenth century | [66] | ||||
Social structure of the Byzantine Empire" | [67] | |||||
Book trade in medieval Italy | ||||||
Ecclesiastical law concerning the relief of poverty in the Middle Ages | Also won in 1955 | |||||
Medieval Literature | Medieval rhetoric | Also won in 1928 | [68] | |||
Christian elements in Beowulf | [69] | |||||
[70] | ||||||
Music Research | Also won in 1955 | [71] | ||||
History of orchestral music | [72] | |||||
Polyphonic music of the 14th century | Also won in 1949, 1951 | [73] [74] | ||||
Near Eastern Studies | ||||||
Also won in 1953 | [75] | |||||
Philosophy | Principle of coherence in art | |||||
Presuppositions of Aristotle | [76] [77] | |||||
[78] | ||||||
Also won in 1952 | ||||||
John Daniel Wild, Jr. | Also won in 1930 | |||||
[79] | ||||||
Renaissance History | Also won in 1958 | [80] | ||||
[81] | ||||||
Russian History | Impact of Soviet-German relations in the countries located between the Soviet Union and Germany | |||||
Pre-Soviet cultural and political trends in Russia and Poland | Also won in 1955 | [82] [83] | ||||
Ideas and social bases of Russian conservatism from its emergence at the end of the 18th century to 1917 | Also won in 1965 | |||||
Development of Marxian socialism in the West and in Russia | Also won in 1969 | |||||
Spanish and Portuguese Literature | ||||||
Theatre Arts | 18th century London theatrical audiences | [84] | ||||
[85] | ||||||
United States History | [86] | |||||
Elements of Jewish tradition in America and the effects of American experience on it | ||||||
Also won in 1955, 1959 | ||||||
19th century American intellectual and religious history | ||||||
Also won in 1971 | [87] | |||||
University of North Carolina Library | Explorers and colonizers who came from England to present-day North Carolina in the 16th century | [88] | ||||
Army transport overseas and battle participation of an armored regimental task force in World War II | [89] | |||||
Huey Long's career | ||||||
Natural Science | Astrophysics and Astronomy | Photometric study of emission lines in long-period variable stars to learn about the physical conditions in the stars' atmosphere | ||||
Also won in 1960 | ||||||
Chemistry | The least squares refinement technique in crystal structure determination by means of X-rays | |||||
Medical biochemistry | [90] [91] | |||||
New synthetic methods based on biosynthetic principles | Also won in 1968 | [92] | ||||
Also won in 1989 | ||||||
Infrared spectra of certain metal carbonyl hydrides | ||||||
Stability of coordination compounds in solution | [93] | |||||
Protein denaturation | Also won in 1974 | |||||
Chemistry of quaternary phosphonium salts and tertiary phosphines | [94] | |||||
[95] | ||||||
Also won in 1974 | ||||||
Internal configuration of proteins | Also won in 1962 | |||||
Stereochemistry of nucleophilic additions to acetylenes | ||||||
Earth Science | ||||||
Silurian/Devonian rocks of Western Europe | [96] | |||||
Paleontology and geological survey in Austria | ||||||
[97] | ||||||
Engineering | Effect of industrial codes and industrial technology in Italy on the theory of work | [98] | ||||
Mechanics of the solid state | [99] [100] | |||||
Also won in 1957 | [101] | |||||
Problem of wear on metal cutting tools | ||||||
Structural engineering | ||||||
Mathematics | Quantitative study of human behavior | |||||
Comparison of governmental policies on depreciation accounting in the USA, UK, France, and Sweden | [102] | |||||
Deficient values of meromorphic functions of finite order | ||||||
Classical problems in the topology of higher-dimensional Euclidean manifolds | ||||||
Medicine and Health | [103] | |||||
[104] | ||||||
Molecular and Cellular Biology | Also won in 1965 | |||||
Cytochemical studies of the basic proteins of cell nuclei | ||||||
Genetic control of enzyme formation | ||||||
Botany | ||||||
Pseudo-parallelism and its effect on the nature of the gene | Also won in 1968 | |||||
[105] | ||||||
Function and structure of hematin compounds in photosynthesis | Also won in 1972 | |||||
Measuring the length of molecules | Also won in 1955 | |||||
[106] | ||||||
Also won in 1970 | [107] | |||||
New micromethods for separating and identifying protein and steroid hormones | [108] | |||||
Improvement of the theoretical treatment of the acid-base properties of proteins | [109] | |||||
Biological effects of radiation on processes of growth and cell division | ||||||
Possible models of the input and output mechanism of information transfer from the nervous network to the memory | Also won in 1963 | |||||
Organismic Biology and Ecology | [110] [111] | |||||
Also won in 1947 | ||||||
The nēnē goose of the Hawaiian islands | [112] | |||||
Shark reproduction | Also won in 1963 | [113] | ||||
Principles of artificial selection animal and plant breeding | Also won in 1947, 1952 | |||||
[114] | ||||||
Physics | [115] [116] | |||||
[117] | ||||||
[118] | ||||||
Also won in 1978 | [119] | |||||
Properties of unstable particles in nuclear fragments | ||||||
Nuclear physics | [120] | |||||
Theoretical study of nuclear reactions | ||||||
Also won in 1945, 1963 | ||||||
Unobservable detail in X-ray images | Also won in 1957 | |||||
Application of generalized symmetry to electrodynamics and quantum physics | Also won in 1951 | [121] | ||||
[122] | ||||||
Fundamental particles and nuclear emulsion techniques | Also won in 1986 | |||||
Optics | [123] | |||||
Molecular calculations | [124] | |||||
Also won in 1979 | ||||||
Also won in 1961 | ||||||
Theoretical physics | [125] | |||||
[126] [127] | ||||||
Nuclear chemistry | Also won in 1955, 1964 | [128] [129] | ||||
Elementary particle physics | [130] [131] | |||||
Measurement and interpretation of the intensities of infrared absorption bands | ||||||
Coulomb excitation in low-lying excited states of nuclei | ||||||
High-energy elementary particle physics | ||||||
[132] | ||||||
Plant Science | New method for obtaining valid conclusions from complex statistical data | Also won in 1943, 1950 | [133] [134] | |||
Tapetal cytology of the banana and other tropical plants | ||||||
Vegetation of Wisconsin | Also won in 1942 | [135] | ||||
Also won in 1948 | ||||||
Also won in 1930, 1935 | [136] | |||||
Chemistry of manganese in soils | ||||||
East Asian arctic plants | [137] [138] | |||||
[139] | ||||||
Also won in 1963 | ||||||
Statistics | Use of combinatorial analysis in mathematical statistics | |||||
Social Sciences | Anthropology and Cultural Studies | Urbanization effects in Mexico City on peasant families | Also won in 1962 | |||
Economics | Theory of economic development | |||||
Theory and measurement of automatic fiscal stabilization in the USA and other countries | ||||||
American business cycles in the interwar period and of the forces making for instability and growth in the West European economy | ||||||
Debt management practice of national American, British, and French governments since 1920" | ||||||
Socio-economic roots of inventive activity in the American shoe industry | [140] [141] | |||||
Law | Concept of natural law | |||||
Legal humanism in the 15th and 16th centuries | ||||||
Medieval canon law | Also won in 1966 | |||||
Also won in 1948, 1951 | [142] | |||||
Political Science | The development in recent decades of the nationalist movements of non-white peoples of the world | Also won in 1953 | ||||
Parliamentary control of administration in Great Britain | ||||||
The problem of collective security in Europe since 1945 | ||||||
Wrote prior political science research as a book | [143] | |||||
Psychology | Influence of cultural factors on the motivation of industrial workers | |||||
Sociology | Socioeconomic significance in population growth | Also won in 1941 | [144] | |||
Work ethic of industrial laborers in India | [145] | |||||
Voluntary citizen participation in Germany | [146] |
Category | Field of Study | Fellow | Institutional association | Research topic | Notes | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Creative Arts | Fine Arts | Metropolitan Opera Ballet | Painting | [147] | ||
[148] [149] | ||||||
Music Composition | Composing | [150] [151] | ||||
Humanities | Iberian and Latin American History | Also won in 1952 | [152] | |||
Music Research | [153] | |||||
Natural Science | Astronomy and Astrophysics | Maxtrix iterative methods | Also won in 1977 | [154] | ||
Earth Science | ||||||
Mathematics | National Institute of Scientific Investigation | [155] | ||||
[156] | ||||||
[157] | ||||||
Medicine and Health | Also won in 1958 | [158] | ||||
[159] | ||||||
Molecular and Cellular Biology | Biochemical activities of bacteria | |||||
Also won in 1955 | [160] | |||||
histamine biochemistry | Also won in 1957 | [161] | ||||
Also won in 1962 | [162] | |||||
Also won in 1959 | [163] | |||||
Organismic Biology and Ecology | The application of ecological research in mathematics | Also won in 1955 | ||||
Certain crustaceans in Brazil | ||||||
Also won in 1950 | [164] | |||||
Also won in 1955 | ||||||
Physics | Radial velocity determination and spectral classification of O-type and high-luminosity stars | [165] | ||||
Plant Science | Vegetable pathology with special reference to potato diseases | |||||
Oficina de Investigaciones Agricolas de Bogota | History of agriculture and cattle in Western Colombia | Also won in 1955, 1965 | ||||
Plant hybridization | Also won in 1960 | |||||
[166] | ||||||
Social Science | Anthropology and Cultural Studies | [167] [168] | ||||
Also won in 1966, 1967 | [169] |