The following is a list of cabinets of Turkey since 1920. Numbered I to V are leaders predating the declaration of the Republic of Turkey on October 29, 1923.
The list includes the one-party period of the Republic of Turkey (1925–1945) and the subsequent multi-party period of the Republic of Turkey (1945–present).
| No. | Head of Government | Period in office | In office as a result of | Party |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-republic period | ||||
| I | Mustafa Kemal Atatürk | May 3, 1920 – January 24, 1921 | 1920 Turkish Grand National Assembly election | Association for Defence of National Rights |
| II | Fevzi Çakmak | January 24, 1921 – May 19, 1921 | ||
| III | Fevzi Çakmak | May 19, 1921 – July 9, 1922 | ||
| IV | Rauf Orbay | July 12, 1922 – August 4, 1923 | ||
| V | Ali Fethi Okyar | August 14, 1923 – October 27, 1923 | 1923 general election | |
| One-party period | ||||
| 1 | İsmet İnönü | November 1, 1923 – March 6, 1924 | Republican system proclaimed | Republican People's Party |
| 2 | İsmet İnönü | March 6, 1924 – November 22, 1924 | Government restructure after two ministries abolished | |
| 3 | Ali Fethi Okyar | November 22, 1924 – March 3, 1925 | Requested by President | |
| 4 | İsmet İnönü | March 3, 1925 – November 1, 1927 | Okyar resigned after Sheikh Said rebellion | |
| 5 | İsmet İnönü | November 1, 1927 – September 27, 1930 | 1927 general election | |
| 6 | İsmet İnönü | September 27, 1930 – May 4, 1931 | İnönü renewed cabinet after Liberal Republican Party founded | |
| 7 | İsmet İnönü | May 4, 1931 – March 1, 1935 | 1931 general election | |
| 8 | İsmet İnönü | March 1, 1935 – October 25, 1937 | 1935 general election | |
| 9 | Celâl Bayar | October 25, 1937 – November 11, 1938 | Resignation of İnönü due to conflicts with President Atatürk.[1] | |
| 10 | Celâl Bayar | November 11, 1938 – January 25, 1939 | Previous government was dismissed after President’s death. | |
| 11 | Refik Saydam | January 25, 1939 – April 3, 1939 | Resignation of Bayar due to conflicts with President İnönü[2] | |
| 12 | Refik Saydam | April 3, 1939 – July 9, 1942 | 1939 general election | |
| 13 | Şükrü Saraçoğlu | July 9, 1942 – March 9, 1943 | Death of Saydam | |
| 14 | Şükrü Saraçoğlu | March 9, 1943 – August 7, 1946 | 1943 general election | |
| Parliamentary system | ||||
| 15 | Recep Peker | August 7, 1946 – September 10, 1947 | 1946 general election | |
| 16 | Hasan Saka | September 10, 1947 – June 10, 1948 | Peker resigned after disagreement with İsmet İnönü. | |
| 17 | Hasan Saka | June 10, 1948 – January 16, 1949 | Saka resigned after being criticized against opposition Democrat Party. | |
| 18 | Şemsettin Günaltay | January 16, 1949 – May 22, 1950 | Saka resigned after CHP believed to be losing voters. | |
| 19 | Adnan Menderes | May 22, 1950 – March 9, 1951 | 1950 general election | Democrat Party |
| 20 | Adnan Menderes | March 9, 1951 – May 17, 1954 | Menderes resigned to be able to renew his cabinet. | Democrat Party |
| 21 | Adnan Menderes | May 17, 1954 – December 9, 1955 | 1954 general election | Democrat Party |
| 22 | Adnan Menderes | December 9, 1955 – November 25, 1957 | Menderes resigned after a political crisis about press freedom. | Democrat Party |
| 23 | Adnan Menderes | November 25, 1957 – May 27, 1960 | 1957 general election | Democrat Party |
| 24 | Cemal Gürsel | May 30, 1960 – January 5, 1961 | 1960 Turkish coup d'état | None |
| 25 | Cemal Gürsel | January 5, 1961 – November 20, 1961 | Gürsel resigned to form a new cabinet that would cooperate with the constituent assembly. | None |
| 26 | İsmet İnönü | November 20, 1961 – June 25, 1962 | 1961 general election | CHP-Justice Party |
| 27 | İsmet İnönü | June 25, 1962 – December 25, 1963 | İnönü resigned after disagreement on an amnesty act for the former DP members. | CHP-YTP-CKMP |
| 28 | İsmet İnönü | December 25, 1963 – February 20, 1965 | Coalition ended after YTP and CKMP lost votes in 1963 local elections. | CHP-Independents |
| 29 | Suad Hayri Ürgüplü | February 20, 1965 – October 27, 1965 | Caretaker government until elections | Indep.-AP-YTP-CKMP-MP |
| 30 | Süleyman Demirel | October 27, 1965 – November 3, 1969 | 1965 general election | Justice Party |
| 31 | Süleyman Demirel | November 3, 1969 – March 6, 1970 | 1969 general election | Justice Party |
| 32 | Süleyman Demirel | March 6, 1970 – March 26, 1971 | Demirel lost vote of no confidence in TBMM. | Justice Party |
| 33 | Nihat Erim | March 26, 1971 – December 11, 1971 | 1971 Turkish coup d'état | Indep.-AP-CHP-MGP |
| 34 | Nihat Erim | December 11, 1971 – May 22, 1972 | Military re-appointment after government collapsed | Indep.-AP-CHP-MGP |
| 35 | Ferit Melen | May 22, 1972 – April 15, 1973 | Resignation of Nihat Erim | MGP-AP-CHP |
| 36 | Mehmet Naim Talu | April 15, 1973 – January 26, 1974 | Fahri Korutürk elected as President | Indep.-AP-CGP |
| 37 | Bülent Ecevit | January 26, 1974 – November 17, 1974 | 1973 general election | CHP-MSP |
| 38 | Sadi Irmak | November 17, 1974 – March 31, 1975 | CHP and MSP drifted away | Indep.-CGP |
| 39 | Süleyman Demirel | March 31, 1975 – June 21, 1977 | Previous government formed without a vote of confidence | AP-MSP-CGP-MHP |
| 40 | Bülent Ecevit | June 21, 1977 – July 21, 1977 | 1977 general election | CHP minority government |
| 41 | Süleyman Demirel | July 21, 1977 – January 5, 1978 | Previous cabinet lost a vote of confidence | AP-MSP-MHP |
| 42 | Bülent Ecevit | January 5, 1978 – November 12, 1979 | Government overthrown by interpellation | CHP-Indep. |
| 43 | Süleyman Demirel | November 12, 1979 – September 12, 1980 | Ecevit resigned after his party lost 1979 Senate elections | AP |
| 44 | Bülent Ulusu | December 13, 1983 | 1980 Turkish coup d'état, September | None |
| 45 | Turgut Özal | December 13, 1983 – December 21, 1987 | 1983 general election | Motherland Party |
| 46 | Turgut Özal | December 21, 1987 – November 9, 1989 | 1987 general election | Motherland Party |
| 47 | Yıldırım Akbulut | November 9, 1989 – June 23, 1991 | 1989 presidential election, won by Turgut Özal | Motherland Party |
| 48 | Mesut Yılmaz | June 23, 1991 – November 20, 1991 | Gaining ANAP leadership at 1991 party congress | Motherland Party |
| 49 | Süleyman Demirel | November 20, 1991 – June 25, 1993 | 1991 general election | DYP-SHP |
| 50 | Tansu Çiller | June 25, 1993 – October 5, 1995 | 1993 presidential election, won by Süleyman Demirel | |
| 51 | Tansu Çiller | October 5, 1995 – October 30, 1995 | CHP withdrawal from coalition | DYP minority government |
| 52 | Tansu Çiller | October 30, 1995 – March 6, 1996 | Caretaker government[3] | DYP-CHP |
| 53 | Mesut Yılmaz | March 6, 1996 – June 28, 1996 | 1995 general election | ANAP-DYP |
| 54 | Necmettin Erbakan | June 28, 1996 – June 30, 1997 | Presidential intervention[4] | Welfare Party-DYP |
| 55 | Mesut Yılmaz | June 30, 1997 – January 11, 1999 | Presidential intervention[5] | ANAP-DSP-DTP |
| 56 | Bülent Ecevit | January 11, 1999 – May 28, 1999 | Caretaker government until scheduled elections | DSP minority government |
| 57 | Bülent Ecevit | May 28, 1999 – November 18, 2002 | 1999 general election | DSP, ANAP, MHP |
| 58 | Abdullah Gül | November 18, 2002 – March 11, 2003 | 2002 general election | Justice and Development Party |
| 59 | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | March 14, 2003 – August 29, 2007 | Abdullah Gül's resignation as Prime Minister | Justice and Development Party |
| 60 | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | August 29, 2007 – July 14, 2011 | 2007 general election | Justice and Development Party |
| 61 | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | July 14, 2011 – August 28, 2014 | 2011 general election | Justice and Development Party |
| 62 | Ahmet Davutoğlu | August 29, 2014 – August 29, 2015 | 2014 presidential election, won by Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | Justice and Development Party |
| 63 | Ahmet Davutoğlu | August 29, 2015 – November 24, 2015 | June 2015 general election | AKP, MHP,[6] HDP,[7] Indep. interim election government |
| 64 | Ahmet Davutoğlu | November 24, 2015 – May 24, 2016 | November 2015 general election | Justice and Development Party |
| 65 | Binali Yıldırım | May 24, 2016 – July 9, 2018 | Ahmet Davutoğlu's resignation as Prime Minister | Justice and Development Party |
| Presidential system | ||||
| 66 | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | July 9, 2018 – June 3, 2023 | 2018 presidential election | |
| 67 | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | June 3, 2023 – present | 2023 presidential election | |
Including the one-party period, shortest government in Turkey's history was DYP minority government led by Tansu Çiller, which only lasted 25 days. Longest government in duty was fourth cabinet of Recep Tayyip Erdogan, which lasted 1,789 days. Longest coalition was DSP, ANAP and MHP coalition led by Bülent Ecevit, which lasted 1270 days.
Including one-party period, only 4 out of 67 governments span into full-extend of their time (came with an election, ended with regular time): first Demirel government, first Özal government, second and fourth Erdoğan government.