This is a list of commands from the GNU Core Utilities for Unix environments. These commands can be found on Unix operating systems and most Unix-like operating systems.
GNU Core Utilities include basic file, shell and text manipulation utilities. Coreutils includes all of the basic command-line tools that are expected in a POSIX system.
| Name | Description | |
|---|---|---|
[[chcon]] | Changes file security context (SELinux) | |
[[chgrp]] | Changes file group ownership | |
[[chown]] | Changes file ownership | |
[[chmod]] | Changes the permissions of a file or directory | |
[[cp (Unix)|cp]] | Copies a file or directory | |
[[dd (Unix)|dd]] | Copies and converts a file | |
[[df (Unix)|df]] | Shows disk free space on file systems | |
[[ls|dir]] | Is exactly like "ls -C -b". (Files are by default listed in columns and sorted vertically.) | |
[[dircolors (Unix)|dircolors]] | Set up color for ls | |
[[install (Unix)|install]] | Copies files and set attributes | |
[[ln (Unix)|ln]] | Creates a link to a file | |
[[ls]] | Lists the files in a directory | |
[[mkdir]] | Creates a directory | |
[[mkfifo]] | Makes named pipes (FIFOs) | |
[[mknod]] | Makes block or character special files | |
[[mktemp]] | Creates a temporary file or directory | |
[[mv (Unix)|mv]] | Moves files or rename files | |
[[realpath]] | Returns the resolved absolute or relative path for a file | |
[[rm (Unix)|rm]] | Removes (deletes) files, directories, device nodes and symbolic links | |
[[rmdir]] | Removes empty directories | |
[[shred (Unix)|shred]] | Overwrites a file to hide its contents, and optionally deletes it | |
[[sync (Unix)|sync]] | Flushes file system buffers | |
[[touch (command)|touch]] | Changes file timestamps; creates file | |
truncate | Shrink or extend the size of a file to the specified size | |
[[ls|vdir]] | Is exactly like "ls -l -b". (Files are by default listed in long format.) |
| Name | Description | |
|---|---|---|
[[b2sum]] | Computes and checks BLAKE2b message digest | |
base32 | Encodes or decodes Base32, and prints result to standard output | |
base64 | Encodes or decodes Base64, and prints result to standard output | |
[[cat (Unix)|cat]] | Concatenates and prints files on the standard output | |
[[cksum]] | Checksums (IEEE Ethernet CRC-32) and count the bytes in a file. Supersedes other *sum utilities with -a option from version 9.0. | |
[[comm]] | Compares two sorted files line by line | |
[[csplit]] | Splits a file into sections determined by context lines | |
[[cut (Unix)|cut]] | Removes sections from each line of files | |
[[expand (Unix)|expand]] | Converts tabs to spaces | |
[[fmt (Unix)|fmt]] | Simple optimal text formatter | |
[[fold (Unix)|fold]] | Wraps each input line to fit in specified width | |
[[head (Unix)|head]] | Outputs the first part of files | |
[[join (Unix)|join]] | Joins lines of two files on a common field | |
[[md5sum]] | Computes and checks MD5 message digest | |
[[nl (Unix)|nl]] | Numbers lines of files | |
[[numfmt]] | Reformat numbers | |
[[od (Unix)|od]] | Dumps files in octal and other formats | |
[[paste (Unix)|paste]] | Merges lines of files | |
[[ptx (Unix)|ptx]] | Produces a permuted index of file contents | |
[[pr (Unix)|pr]] | Converts text files for printing | |
[[sha1sum]],sha224sum,sha256sum,sha384sum,sha512sum | Computes and checks SHA-1/SHA-2 message digests | |
[[shuf]] | generate random permutations | |
[[sort (Unix)|sort]] | sort lines of text files | |
[[split (Unix)|split]] | Splits a file into pieces | |
[[sum (Unix)|sum]] | Checksums and counts the blocks in a file | |
tac | Concatenates and prints files in reverse order line by line | |
[[tail (Unix)|tail]] | Outputs the last part of files | |
[[tr (Unix)|tr]] | Translates or deletes characters | |
[[tsort]] | Performs a topological sort | |
[[unexpand]] | Converts spaces to tabs | |
[[uniq]] | Removes duplicate lines from a sorted file | |
[[wc (Unix)|wc]] | Prints the number of bytes, words, and lines in files |
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
[[uname|arch]] | Prints machine hardware name (same as uname -m) |
[[basename]] | Removes the path prefix from a given pathname |
[[chroot]] | Changes the root directory |
[[Unix time#Command line|date]] | Prints or sets the system date and time |
[[dirname]] | Strips non-directory suffix from file name |
[[du (Unix)|du]] | Shows disk usage on file systems |
[[echo (command)|echo]] | Displays a specified line of text |
[[env]] | Displays and modifies environment variables |
[[expr]] | Evaluates expressions |
[[factor (Unix)|factor]] | Factors numbers |
[[false (Unix)|false]] | Does nothing, but exits unsuccessfully |
[[groups (Unix)|groups]] | Prints the groups of which the user is a member |
[[hostid (Unix)|hostid]] | Prints the numeric identifier for the current host |
[[id (Unix)|id]] | Prints real or effective UID and GID |
[[link (Unix)|link]] | Creates a link to a file |
[[logname]] | Print the user's login name |
[[nice (Unix)|nice]] | Modifies scheduling priority |
[[nohup]] | Allows a command to continue running after logging out |
[[nproc]] | Queries the number of (active) processors |
[[pathchk (Unix)|pathchk]] | Checks whether file names are valid or portable |
[[pinky (Unix)|pinky]] | A lightweight version of finger |
[[printenv]] | Prints environment variables |
[[printf]] | Formats and prints data |
[[pwd]] | Prints the current working directory |
[[readlink (Unix)|readlink]] | Displays value of a symbolic link |
[[runcon]] | Run command with specified security context |
[[seq (Unix)|seq]] | Prints a sequence of numbers |
[[sleep (command)|sleep]] | Delays for a specified amount of time |
[[stat (system call)|stat]] | Returns data about an inode |
[[stdbuf]] | Controls buffering for commands that use stdio |
[[stty (Unix)|stty]] | Changes and prints terminal line settings |
[[tee (command)|tee]] | Sends output to multiple files |
[[test (Unix)|test]] | Evaluates an expression |
[[Timeout (computing)|timeout]] | Run a command with a time limit |
[[true (Unix)|true]] | Does nothing, but exits successfully |
tty | Prints terminal name |
[[uname]] | Prints system information |
[[unlink (Unix)|unlink]] | Removes the specified file using the unlink function |
[[Uptime#coreutils|uptime]] | Tells how long the system has been running |
[[users (Unix)|users]] | Prints the user names of users currently logged into the current host |
[[who (Unix)|who]] | Prints a list of all users currently logged in |
[[whoami]] | Prints the effective userid |
[[yes (Unix)|yes]] | Prints a string repeatedly |
[| A synonym for test; this program permits expressions like [ expression ].|}See also
External links
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