List of Formula One World Drivers' Champions explained

Formula One, abbreviated to F1, is the highest class of open-wheeled auto racing defined by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), motorsport's world governing body.[1] The "formula" in the name refers to a set of rules to which all participants and cars must conform.[2] The Formula One World Championship season consists of a series of races, known as, held usually on purpose-built circuits, and in a few cases on closed city streets.[3] The World Drivers' Championship is presented by the FIA to the most successful Formula One driver over the course of the season through a points system based on individual Grand Prix results.[4] The World Championship is won when it is no longer mathematically possible for another competitor to overtake their points total regardless of the outcome of the remaining races,[5] although it is not officially awarded until the FIA Prize Giving Ceremony held in various cities following the conclusion of the season.[6] [7]

Michael Schumacher and Lewis Hamilton hold the record for the most World Drivers' Championships, both having won the title on seven occasions. Juan Manuel Fangio is third with five titles.[8] Schumacher also holds the record for the most consecutive drivers' titles with five between the and the seasons.[9] Nigel Mansell holds the record of competing in the highest number of seasons before winning the World Championship, entering Formula One in and achieving the title in, a span of 13 seasons.[10] Nico Rosberg has the highest number of Grand Prix starts before winning his first title, a period of 206 between the 2006 Bahrain and the 2016 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix.[11] [12] Sebastian Vettel is the youngest winner of the World Drivers' Championship; he was 23 years and 134 days old when he won the championship.[13] Fangio is the oldest winner of the World Drivers' Championship; he was 46 years and 41 days old when he won the title.[14]

As of the season, out of the 775 drivers who have started a Formula One Grand Prix,[15] the 73 titles awarded have been won by a total of 34 different drivers.[16] [8] The first Formula One World Drivers' Champion was Giuseppe Farina in the championship and the current title holder is Max Verstappen in the season. The title has been won by drivers from the United Kingdom 20 times between 10 drivers, more than any other nation, followed by Brazil, Finland and Germany with three drivers each. The title has been won by drivers from Scuderia Ferrari 15 times between 9 drivers, more than any other team, followed by McLaren with 12 titles between 7 drivers. The Drivers' Championship has been won in the final race of the season 30 times in the 72 seasons it has been awarded. Schumacher holds the record of earning the championship with most left to run in a season with six when he won the title at that year's .[17] Due to the points system, on two occasions (John Surtees in the season and Ayrton Senna in the season) a world champion scored fewer points overall than a driver who finished second in the championship.[18]

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By season

Key
scope=row width=40px align=centerBoldindicates the constructor also won the Constructors' Championship (awarded since)
World Drivers' Champions by season[19]
SeasonDriverAgeConstructorTyresPolesWinsPodiumsFastest lapsPointsClinched[20] Margin
ChassisEngine
data-sort-value="FAR" align=left Giuseppe Farina[21] 44Alfa Romeo23333083.333 (47.619)data-sort-value="7"Round 7 of 70310.000
data-sort-value="FAN" align=left Juan Manuel Fangio[22] 40Alfa RomeoAlfa Romeo43553186.111 (51.389)data-sort-value="8"Round 8 of 80619.355
data-sort-value="ASC" align=left Alberto Ascari[23] 34FerrariFerrari566636100.000 (74.306)data-sort-value="6"Round 6 of 821233.333
data-sort-value="ASC" align=left Alberto Ascari35FerrariFerrari655434.595.833 (57.407)data-sort-value="8"Round 8 of 916.518.841
data-sort-value="FAN" rowspan=2 align=left Juan Manuel Fangio43MaseratiMaserati56734293.333 (70.547)data-sort-value="7" rowspan=2Round 7 of 9216.85740.136
MercedesMercedes
data-sort-value="FAN" align=left Juan Manuel Fangio44MercedesMercedes34534088.889 (65.079)data-sort-value="6"Round 6 of 7116.541.250
data-sort-value="FAN" align=left Juan Manuel Fangio45FerrariFerrari63543066.667 (45.833)data-sort-value="8"Round 8 of 80310.000
data-sort-value="FAN" align=left Juan Manuel Fangio46MaseratiMaserati44624088.889 (63.889)data-sort-value="6"Round 6 of 821537.500
data-sort-value="HAW" align=left Mike Hawthorn[24] 29FerrariFerrari41754277.778 (49.495)data-sort-value="11"Round 11 of 11012.381
data-sort-value="BRA" align=left Jack Brabham[25] 33CooperClimax12513168.889 (41.975)data-sort-value="9"Round 9 of 90412.903
data-sort-value="BRA" align=left Jack Brabham34CooperClimax35534389.583 (53.750)data-sort-value="8"Round 8 of 102920.930
data-sort-value="HIL3" align=left Phil Hill[26] 34FerrariFerrari52623475.556 (52.778)data-sort-value="7"Round 7 of 8112.941
data-sort-value="HIL2" align=left Graham Hill[27] 33BRMBRM14634293.333 (64.198)data-sort-value="9"Round 9 of 901228.571
data-sort-value="CLA" align=left Jim Clark[28] 27LotusClimax779654100.000 (81.111)data-sort-value="7"Round 7 of 1032138.889
data-sort-value="SUR" align=left John Surtees[29] 30FerrariFerrari22624074.074 (44.444)data-sort-value="10"Round 10 of 10012.500
data-sort-value="CLA" align=left Jim Clark29LotusClimax666654100.000 (60.000)data-sort-value="7"Round 7 of 1031425.926
data-sort-value="BRA" align=left Jack Brabham40BrabhamRepco34514293.333 (55.556)data-sort-value=7"Round 7 of 921433.333
data-sort-value="HUL" align=left Denny Hulme[30] 31BrabhamRepco02825162.963 (51.515)data-sort-value=11"Round 11 of 11059.804
data-sort-value="HIL2" align=left Graham Hill39LotusFord23604853.333 (44.444)data-sort-value="12"Round 12 of 1201225.000
data-sort-value="STE" align=left Jackie Stewart[31] 30MatraFord26756377.778 (63.636)data-sort-value="8"Round 8 of 1132641.270
data-sort-value="RIN" align=left Jochen Rindt[32] 28LotusFord35514545.455 (38.462)data-sort-value="12"Round 12 of 131511.111
data-sort-value="STE" align=left Jackie Stewart32TyrrellFord66736276.543 (62.626)data-sort-value="8"Round 8 of 1132946.774
data-sort-value="FIT" align=left Emerson Fittipaldi[33] 25LotusFord35806167.778 (56.481)data-sort-value="10"Round 10 of 1221626.230
data-sort-value="STE" align=left Jackie Stewart34TyrrellFord35817160.684 (52.593)data-sort-value="13"Round 13 of 1521622.535
data-sort-value="FIT" align=left Emerson Fittipaldi27McLarenFord23705547.009 (40.741)data-sort-value="15"Round 15 of 15035.455
data-sort-value="LAU" align=left Niki Lauda[34] 26FerrariFerrari958264.559.722 (55.128)data-sort-value="13"Round 13 of 14119.530.233
data-sort-value="HUN" align=left James Hunt[35] 29McLarenFord86826954.762 (47.917)data-sort-value="16"Round 16 of 16011.449
data-sort-value="LAU" align=left Niki Lauda28FerrariFerrari231037253.333 (47.059)data-sort-value="15"Round 15 of 1721723.611
data-sort-value="AND" align=left Mario Andretti[36] 38LotusFord86736450.794 (44.444)data-sort-value="14"Round 14 of 1621320.313
data-sort-value="SCH" align=left Jody Scheckter[37] 29FerrariFerrari13605170.833 (44.444)data-sort-value="13"Round 13 of 15247.843
data-sort-value="JON" align=left Alan Jones[38] 34WilliamsFord351056774.444 (56.349)data-sort-value="13"Round 13 of 1411319.403
data-sort-value="PIQ" align=left Nelson Piquet[39] 29BrabhamFord43715050.505 (37.037)data-sort-value="15"Round 15 of 15012.000
data-sort-value="ROS1" align=left Keke Rosberg[40] 34WilliamsFord11604444.444 (30.556)data-sort-value="16"Round 16 of 160511.364
data-sort-value="PIQ" align=left Nelson Piquet31BrabhamBMW13845959.596 (43.704)data-sort-value="15"Round 15 of 15023.390
data-sort-value="LAU" align=left Niki Lauda35McLarenTAG05957272.727 (51.613)data-sort-value="16"Round 16 of 1600.50.694
data-sort-value="PRO" align=left Alain Prost[41] 30McLarenTAG251157373.737 (52.778)data-sort-value="14"Round 14 of 1622027.397
data-sort-value="PRO" align=left Alain Prost31McLarenTAG141127272.727 (51.389)data-sort-value="16"Round 16 of 16022.778
data-sort-value="PIQ" align=left Nelson Piquet35WilliamsHonda431147373.737 (52.778)data-sort-value="15"Round 15 of 1611216.438
data-sort-value="SEN" align=left Ayrton Senna[42] 28McLarenHonda1381139090.909 (65.278)data-sort-value="16"Round 15 of 16133.333
data-sort-value="PRO" align=left Alain Prost34McLarenHonda241157676.768 (56.250)data-sort-value="15"Round 15 of 1611621.053
data-sort-value="SEN" align=left Ayrton Senna30McLarenHonda1061127878.788 (54.167)data-sort-value="15"Round 15 of 16178.974
data-sort-value="SEN" align=left Ayrton Senna31McLarenHonda871229661.935data-sort-value="15"Round 15 of 1612425.000
data-sort-value="MAN" align=left Nigel Mansell[43] 39WilliamsRenault14912810867.500data-sort-value="11"Round 11 of 1655248.148
data-sort-value="PRO" align=left Alain Prost38WilliamsRenault1371269961.875data-sort-value="14"Round 14 of 1622626.263
data-sort-value="SCH" align=left Michael Schumacher[44] 25BenettonFord681089257.500data-sort-value="16"Round 16 of 16011.087
data-sort-value="SCH" align=left Michael Schumacher26BenettonRenault4911810260.000data-sort-value="15"Round 15 of 1723332.353
data-sort-value="HIL1" align=left Damon Hill[45] 36WilliamsRenault981059760.625data-sort-value="16"Round 16 of 1601919.588
data-sort-value="VIL" align=left Jacques Villeneuve[46] 26WilliamsRenault107838147.647data-sort-value="17"Round 17 of 1703948.148
data-sort-value="HAK" align=left Mika Häkkinen[47] 30McLarenMercedes9811610062.500data-sort-value="16"Round 16 of 1601414.000
data-sort-value="HAK" align=left Mika Häkkinen31McLarenMercedes1151067647.500data-sort-value="16"Round 16 of 16022.632
data-sort-value="SCH" align=left Michael Schumacher31FerrariFerrari9912210863.529data-sort-value="16"Round 16 of 1711917.593
data-sort-value="SCH" align=left Michael Schumacher32FerrariFerrari11914312372.353data-sort-value="13"Round 13 of 1745847.154
data-sort-value="SCH" align=left Michael Schumacher33FerrariFerrari71117714484.706data-sort-value="11"Round 11 of 1766746.528
data-sort-value="SCH" align=left Michael Schumacher34FerrariFerrari56859358.125data-sort-value="16"Round 16 of 16022.151
data-sort-value="SCH" align=left Michael Schumacher35FerrariFerrari813151014882.222data-sort-value="14"Round 14 of 1843422.973
data-sort-value="ALO" align=left Fernando Alonso[48] 24RenaultRenault6715213370.000data-sort-value="17"Round 17 of 1922115.789
data-sort-value="ALO" align=left Fernando Alonso25RenaultRenault6714513474.444data-sort-value="18"Round 18 of 180139.701
data-sort-value="RAI" align=left Kimi Räikkönen[49] 28FerrariFerrari3612611064.706data-sort-value="17"Round 17 of 17010.909
data-sort-value="HAM" align=left Lewis Hamilton[50] 23McLarenMercedes751019854.444data-sort-value="18"Round 18 of 18011.020
data-sort-value="BUT" align=left Jenson Button[51] 29BrawnMercedes46929557.576data-sort-value="16"Round 16 of 1711111.579
data-sort-value="VET" align=left Sebastian Vettel[52] 23Red BullRenault10510325653.895data-sort-value="19"Round 19 of 19041.563
data-sort-value="VET" align=left Sebastian Vettel24Red BullRenault151117339282.526data-sort-value="15"Round 15 of 19412231.122
data-sort-value="VET" align=left Sebastian Vettel25Red BullRenault6510628156.200data-sort-value="20"Round 20 of 20031.068
data-sort-value="VET" align=left Sebastian Vettel26Red BullRenault91316739783.579data-sort-value="16"Round 16 of 19315539.043
data-sort-value="HAM" align=left Lewis Hamilton29MercedesMercedes71116738476.800data-sort-value="19"Round 19 of 1906717.448
align=center data-sort-value="HAM" align=left Lewis Hamilton30MercedesMercedes111017838180.211data-sort-value="16"Round 16 of 1935915.486
align=center data-sort-value="ROS2" align=left Nico Rosberg[53] 31MercedesMercedes8916638573.333data-sort-value="21"Round 21 of 21051.299
align=center data-sort-value="HAM" align=left Lewis Hamilton32align=left MercedesMercedes11913736372.600data-sort-value="18"Round 18 of 2024612.672
align=center data-sort-value="HAM" align=left Lewis Hamilton33align=left MercedesMercedes111117340877.714data-sort-value="19"Round 19 of 2128821.569
align=center data-sort-value="HAM" align=left Lewis Hamilton34align=left MercedesMercedes51117641375.641data-sort-value="19"Round 19 of 2128721.065
align=center data-sort-value="HAM" align=left Lewis Hamilton35MercedesMercedes101114634778.507data-sort-value=14Round 14 of 17312435.735
data-sort-value="VER" align=left Max Verstappen[54] 24Red BullHonda1010186395.569.692data-sort-value=22Round 22 of 22082.023
data-sort-value="VER" align=left Max Verstappen25Red BullRBPT71517545476.174data-sort-value=18Round 18 of 22414632.159
data-sort-value="VER" align="left" Max Verstappen[55] 26Red BullHonda RBPT121921957592.742data-sort-value="18" Round 17 of 22529050.435
SeasonDriverAgescope=colChassisscope=colEngineTyresPolesWinsPodiumsFastest lapsPointsClinchedMargin
Constructor

By driver

thumb|right|220px|Max Verstappen won three consecutive World Drivers' Championships in 2021, 2022 and 2023 with Red Bull Racing.Drivers in bold have competed in the 2024 World Championship.

Drivers by number of World Drivers' Championships won
scope=colDriverscope=colTitlesscope=colSeason(s)
data-sort-value="SCH" Michael Schumacher7,,,,,,
data-sort-value="HAM" Lewis Hamilton,,,,,,
data-sort-value="FAN" Juan Manuel Fangio5,,,,
data-sort-value="PRO" Alain Prost4,,,
data-sort-value="VET" Sebastian Vettel,,,
data-sort-value="BRA" Jack Brabham3,,
data-sort-value="STE" Jackie Stewart,,
data-sort-value="LAU" Niki Lauda,,
data-sort-value="PIQ" Nelson Piquet,,
data-sort-value="SEN" Ayrton Senna,,
data-sort-value="VER" Max Verstappen,,
data-sort-value="ASC" Alberto Ascari2,
data-sort-value="HIL2" Graham Hill,
data-sort-value="CLA" Jim Clark,
data-sort-value="FIT" Emerson Fittipaldi,
data-sort-value="HAK" Mika Häkkinen,
data-sort-value="ALO" Fernando Alonso,
data-sort-value="FAR" Giuseppe Farina1
data-sort-value="HAW" Mike Hawthorn
data-sort-value="HIL3" Phil Hill
data-sort-value="SUR" John Surtees
data-sort-value="HUL" Denny Hulme
data-sort-value="RIN" Jochen Rindt
data-sort-value="HUN" James Hunt
data-sort-value="AND" Mario Andretti
data-sort-value="SCH" Jody Scheckter
data-sort-value="JON" Alan Jones
data-sort-value="ROS1" Keke Rosberg
data-sort-value="MAN" Nigel Mansell
data-sort-value="HIL1" Damon Hill
data-sort-value="VIL" Jacques Villeneuve
data-sort-value="RAI" Kimi Räikkönen
data-sort-value="BUT" Jenson Button
data-sort-value="ROS2" Nico Rosberg
34 drivers74 titles

By driver nationality

World Drivers' Champions by nationality
scope=colCountryscope=colTitlesscope=colDriversscope=col width=266Seasonsscope=colBy driver (titles)
2010, –, –,,,,,, –, –, –Lewis Hamilton
Jackie Stewart
Jim Clark
Graham Hill
Jenson Button
Mike Hawthorn
Damon Hill
James Hunt
Nigel Mansell
John Surtees
123–, –, –, Michael Schumacher
Sebastian Vettel
Nico Rosberg
83,,,, –, –Nelson Piquet
Ayrton Senna
Emerson Fittipaldi
51, –Juan Manuel Fangio
43, –, Mika Häkkinen
Kimi Räikkönen
Keke Rosberg
42–,, Jack Brabham
Alan Jones
42,,, Niki Lauda
Jochen Rindt
41–,, Alain Prost
32, –Alberto Ascari
Giuseppe Farina
31Max Verstappen
22, Mario Andretti
Phil Hill
21Fernando Alonso
11Denny Hulme
11Jody Scheckter
11Jacques Villeneuve
15 countries74 titles 34 drivers

Drivers in bold have competed in the 2024 World Championship.

Records

Youngest Drivers' Champion

Youngest World Drivers' Championship winners[56]
scope=colDriverscope=col class="unsortable"scope=colSeason
scope=row1data-sort-value="VET" align=left Sebastian Vettel23 years, 134 days
scope=row2data-sort-value="HAM" align=left Lewis Hamilton23 years, 300 days
scope=row3data-sort-value="ALO" align=left Fernando Alonso24 years, 58 days
scope=row4data-sort-value="VER" align=left Max Verstappen24 years, 73 days
scope=row5data-sort-value="FIT" align=left Emerson Fittipaldi25 years, 273 days
scope=row6data-sort-value="SCH" align=left Michael Schumacher25 years, 314 days
scope=row7data-sort-value="LAU" align=left Niki Lauda26 years, 197 days
scope=row8data-sort-value="VIL" align=left Jacques Villeneuve26 years, 200 days
scope=row9data-sort-value="CLA" align=left Jim Clark27 years, 188 days
scope=row10data-sort-value="RAI" align=left Kimi Räikkönen28 years, 4 days

Where drivers have won more than one World Drivers' Championship, only their first win is noted here. Drivers in bold have competed in the 2024 World Championship.

Oldest Drivers' Champion

Oldest World Drivers' Championship winners
scope=colDriverscope=col class="unsortable" Agescope=colSeason
scope=row1data-sort-value="FAN" align=left Juan Manuel Fangio46 years, 41 days
scope=row2data-sort-value="FAR" align=left Giuseppe Farina43 years, 308 days
scope=row3data-sort-value="BRA" align=left Jack Brabham40 years, 155 days
scope=row4data-sort-value="HIL2" align=left Graham Hill39 years, 262 days
scope=row5data-sort-value="MAN" align=left Nigel Mansell39 years, 8 days
scope=row6data-sort-value="PRO" align=left Alain Prost38 years, 214 days
scope=row7data-sort-value="AND" align=left Mario Andretti38 years, 193 days
scope=row8data-sort-value="HIL1" align=left Damon Hill36 years, 26 days
scope=row9data-sort-value="HAM" align=left Lewis Hamilton35 years, 313 days
scope=row10data-sort-value="LAU" align=left Niki Lauda35 years, 242 days
Drivers in bold have competed in the 2024 World Championship.

Consecutive Drivers' Championships

A total of 11 drivers have achieved consecutive wins in the World Drivers' Championship. Of those, only Michael Schumacher and Lewis Hamilton have won two sets of consecutive Formula One Drivers' Championships.[16]

Consecutive World Drivers' Championship wins
scope=colChampionshipsscope=colDriverscope=colSeasons
scope=row5data-sort-value="SCH" align=left Michael Schumacher
4data-sort-value="FAN" align=left Juan Manuel Fangio
data-sort-value="VET" align=left Sebastian Vettel
data-sort-value="HAM" align=left Lewis Hamilton
3data-sort-value="VER" align=left Max Verstappen
2data-sort-value="ASC" align=left Alberto Ascari
data-sort-value="BRA" align=left Jack Brabham
data-sort-value="PRO" align=left Alain Prost
data-sort-value="SEN" align=left Ayrton Senna
data-sort-value="SCH" align=left Michael Schumacher
data-sort-value="HAK" align=left Mika Häkkinen
data-sort-value="ALO" align=left Fernando Alonso
data-sort-value="HAM" align=left Lewis Hamilton

Drivers in bold have competed in the 2024 World Championship.

Drivers' Champions for constructors that did not win the Constructors' Championship in that year

+Drivers' Champions for constructors who did not claim the Constructors' Championship that year
ChampionshipsDriversYears
2 Nelson Piquet,
1 Mike Hawthorn
Jackie Stewart
James Hunt
Keke Rosberg
Alain Prost
Michael Schumacher
Mika Häkkinen
Lewis Hamilton
Max Verstappen

Drivers in bold have competed in the 2024 World Championship.

By chassis constructor

Constructors in bold have competed in the 2024 World Championship.

Constructors by number of World Drivers' Championships won
scope=colConstructor scope=colscope=colSeason(s)
Ferrari 15<-- Please do not change this to 16; this table lists the number of *Drivers* Championships won per constructor, not the number of *Constructors* Championships -->,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
McLaren 12,,,,,,,,,,,
Mercedes 9,,,,,,,,
Williams 7,,,,,,
Red Bull,,,,,,
Lotus6,,,,,
Brabham4,,,
Alfa Romeo2,
,
,
,
,
Renault,
1
16 constructors75 titles

By engine manufacturer

Engine manufacturers in bold have competed in the 2024 World Championship.

Engine manufacturers by World Drivers' Championship wins
scope=colManufacturer scope=colTitlesscope=colSeason(s)
Ferrari 15,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
13,,,,,,,,,,,,
Mercedes,,,,,,,,,,,,
Renault 11,,,,,,,,,,
Honda6,,,,,
4,,,
3,,
Alfa Romeo2,
Maserati,
Repco,
1
BMW
RBPT
Honda RBPT
14 manufacturers75 titles

By tyres used

Tyre manufacturers in bold have competed in the 2024 World Championship.

World Drivers' Championship victories by tyre manufacturer
scope=colRankscope=col colspan="2"Manufacturerscope=colscope=colSeasons
scope=row1Goodyear24 (7)–,, –,,, –
scope=row2Pirelli19 (13)–,, –
scope=row3Bridgestone11 (6)–, –
scope=row4Dunlop8 (4)–,
scope=row5Michelin6,, –, –
scope=row6Firestone4,,,
scope=row rowspan=27Continental2
Englebert,
Numbers in parentheses indicate championships won as the sole tyre supplier.

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: About FIA . 24 February 2015 . Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) . 13 April 2020 . 1 May 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200501222208/https://www.fia.com/organisation . live .
  2. Web site: Williamson. Martin. A brief history of Formula One. ESPN. 23 December 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20150406023200/http://en.espn.co.uk/f1/motorsport/story/3831.html. 6 April 2015.
  3. Book: Hughes. Mark. The Concise Encyclopedia of Formula 1. Tremayne. David. Mark Hughes (motorsport). David Tremayne. Parragon. 2002. 0-75258-766-8. 82–83. registration.
  4. Web site: 2020 Formula One Sporting Regulations . Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) . 7 April 2020 . 3–4 . 15 April 2020 . 12 April 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200412175805/https://www.fia.com/sites/default/files/2020_formula_1_sporting_regulations_-_iss_6_-_2020-04-07.pdf . live .
  5. Web site: How Lewis Hamilton can clinch 2019 F1 title at Mexican GP. Fox Sports. 24 October 2019. 19 September 2020. 15 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210815040710/https://www.foxsports.com.au/motorsport/formula-one/how-lewis-hamilton-can-clinch-2019-f1-title-at-mexican-gp/news-story/e362bd5c7d5b886122284bbe2ab69841. live.
  6. Web site: Murphy. Luke. Hamilton & Mercedes F1 officially crowned at FIA Prize Giving Ceremony. Motorsport.com. 8 December 2018. 19 September 2020. 8 December 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201208073421/https://www.motorsport.com/f1/news/hamilton-mercedes-f1-officially-crowned-at-fia-prize-giving-ceremony-66698/3222469/. live.
  7. Web site: Morlidge. Matt. Lewis Hamilton officially crowned 2019 F1 champion at FIA gala. Sky Sports. 7 December 2019. 19 September 2020. 20 December 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191220213755/https://www.skysports.com/f1/news/24181/11879535/lewis-hamilton-officially-crowned-2019-f1-champion-at-fia-gala. live.
  8. Web site: Drivers' Championships. ChicaneF1. 19 September 2020. 5 July 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200705152152/http://chicanef1.com/alldchmps.pl. live.
  9. Web site: World Champion titles Consecutively. Stats F1. 19 September 2020. 7 December 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201207075300/https://www.statsf1.com/en/statistiques/pilote/champion/consecutif.aspx. live.
  10. Web site: Lynch. Steven. At the tenth time of asking. ESPN. 5 November 2010. 19 September 2020. 27 November 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201127175819/http://en.espn.co.uk/f1/motorsport/story/32858.html. live.
  11. Web site: Benson. Andrew. Nico Rosberg retires: World champion quits Formula 1 five days after title win. BBC Sport. 2 December 2016. 19 September 2020. 23 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190623012734/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/formula1/38185846. live.
  12. Web site: World Champion titles Grand Prix before. StatsF1. 19 September 2020. 27 November 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201127175126/https://www.statsf1.com/en/statistiques/pilote/champion/gp-avant.aspx. live.
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