The following table presents a list of Ethiopian regional states by population based on the 1994 and 2007 censuses with the Statistics Ethiopia estimated population as of July 2023.
| Region | 1994 Census[1] | 2007 Census[2] | 2023 Estimate[3] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oromia | 18,732,525 | 26,993,933 | 40,884,000 | |
| Amhara | 13,834,297 | 17,221,976 | 23,216,000 | |
| South | 7,594,741 | |||
| Somali | 3,439,860 | 4,445,219 | 6,657,000 | |
| Central | 6,271,761 | |||
| Tigray | 3,136,267 | 4,316,988 | 5,838,000 | |
| Sidama | 5,301,868 | |||
| South West | 4,197,164 | |||
| Addis Ababa | 2,112,737 | 2,739,551 | 3,945,000 | |
| Afar | 1,106,383 | 1,390,273 | 2,076,000 | |
| Benishangul-Gumuz | 162,397 | 784,345 | 1,251,000 | |
| Dire Dawa | 251,864 | 341,834 | 551,000 | |
| Gambela | 181,862 | 307,096 | 525,000 | |
| Harari | 131,139 | 183,415 | 283,000 | |
| Total | 127,334,000 |