List of Doges of Venice explained

Post:	Doge
Body:	Venice
Insignia:	Coat of Arms of the Republic of Venice.svg
Insigniasize:	120px
Insigniacaption:	Coat of arms
Style:	His Serenity
Residence:	Palazzo Ducale
Appointer:	Serenissima Signoria
Formation:	697
First:	Paolo L. Anafesto
Last:	Ludovico Manin
Abolished:	12 May 1797

The following is a list of all 120 of the Doges of Venice ordered by the dates of their reigns.

For more than 1,000 years, the chief magistrate and leader of the city of Venice and later of the Most Serene Republic of Venice was styled the Doge, a rare but not unique Italian title derived from the Latin Dux. Doges of Venice were elected for life by the city-state's aristocracy. The Venetian combination of elaborate monarchic pomp and a republican (though "aristocratic") constitution with intricate checks and balances makes "La serenissima" (Venice) a textbook example of a crowned republic.

Despite the great power given to them, the Venetian Doges were restricted by law (unlike the Doges of the Republic of Genoa) to spend the rest of their lives inside the Doge's Palace complex and St Mark's Basilica, occasionally leaving for diplomatic reasons.

Byzantine period

	Portrait	Name	Reigned	Note	Sources
1		Paolo Lucio Anafesto	697–717	Paolo Lucio Anafesto is traditionally described as the first Doge of Venice, but John Julius Norwich suggests that this may be a mistake for Paul, Exarch of Ravenna, and that the traditional second doge Marcello Tegalliano may have been the similarly named magister militum to Paul. Their existence as doges is uncorroborated by any source before the 11th century, but as Norwich suggests, is probably not entirely legendary. Traditionally, the establishment of the Republic is, thus, dated to 697 AD.
2		Marcello Tegalliano (died 726)	717–726
3		Orso Ipato (died 737)	726–737	Ipato is described as the first historical Doge of Venice.Nominated by the popular assembly opposed to the iconoclast policies of the Byzantine Emperor; murdered by rebels during a civil conflict

Magister militum per Venetiae

	Portrait	Name	Reigned	Note	Sources
1		Domenico Leoni	738	Leoni was the first Byzantine magister militum per Venetiae.
2		Felice Cornicola	739
3		Teodato Ipato	739
4		Jovian Ceparius	741
5		John Fabriacus	742

Ducal period

	Portrait	Name	Reigned	Note	Sources
4		Teodato Ipato	742–755	The first doge since its restoration.Deposed, blinded, and exiled.
5		Galla Gaulo	755–756	Deposed, blinded, and exiled.
6		Domenico Monegario (died 764)	756–764	Deposed, blinded, and exiled.
7		Maurizio Galbaio (died 787)	764–787
8		Giovanni Galbaio (Unknown)	787–804	Fled to Mantua in 803 with family, where they all probably died
9		Obelerio degli Antenori (Unknown)	804–811	Exiled, attempted to return to power, killed and head displayed in the market.
10		Agnello Participazio (died 827)	811–827
11		Giustiniano Participazio (died 829)	827–829
12		Giovanni I Participazio (died 837)	829–836	Arrested and tonsured (head shaved like a monk).
13		Pietro Tradonico (– 13 September 864)	836–864	Assassinated, although in this case his successor arrested and executed the assassins
14		Orso I Participazio (died 881)	864–881
15		Giovanni II Participazio (died 887)	881–887	Resigned due to poor health
16		Pietro I Candiano (died 887)	887–887	Killed in open battle while invading the Narentines.
17		Pietro Tribuno (died 912)	887–912
18		Orso II Participazio (died 932)	912–932
19		Pietro II Candiano (–939)	932–939
20		Pietro Participazio (died 942)	939–942
21		Pietro III Candiano (died 959)	942–959
22		Pietro IV Candiano (928–976)	959–976	People of Venice locked him in the palace with his son while it burnt.
23		Pietro I Orseolo (928–987)	976–978	Resigned to become a Camaldolese hermit in the Abbey of Saint-Michel-de-Cuxa in the Pyrenees.
24		Vitale Candiano (died 979)	978–979	Abdicated, for health reasons
25		Tribuno Memmo (died 991)	979–991
26		Pietro II Orseolo (961−1009)	991–1009
27		Otto Orseolo (−1032)	1008–1026	Arrested, beard shaved, and banished to Constantinople for nepotism.
28		Pietro Barbolano (died 1032)	1026–1032	Abdicated under heavy pressure to reinstate Otto Orseolo.
29		Domenico Flabanico (died 1043)	1032–1043
30		Domenico I Contarini (died 1071)	1043–1071
31		Domenico Selvo (died 1087)	1071–1084	Deposed peacefully to a monastery because of naval defeat, died three years later.
32		Vitale Faliero (died 1095)	1084–1095
33		Vitale I Michiel (died 1102)	1095–1102
34		Ordelafo Faliero (died 1117)	1102–1117
35		Domenico Michiel (died 1130)	1117–1130
36		Pietro Polani (died 1148)	1130–1148

Republican period

	Portrait	Name	Reigned	Note	Sources
37		Domenico Morosini (died February 1156)	1148–1156
38		Vitale II Michiel (died 1172)	1156–1172	Murdered
39		Sebastiano Ziani (1178)	1172–1178	Resigned to a monastery, died three days later
40		Orio Mastropiero (died 13 June 1192)	1178–1192
41		Enrico Dandolo (1107 – May/June 1205)	21 June 1192 – June 1205
42		Pietro Ziani (died 13 March 1230)	1205–1229	Resigned in February 1229
43		Jacopo Tiepolo (died 19 July 1249)	1229–1249
44		Marino Morosini (1181– January 1, 1253)	1249–1253
45		Reniero Zeno (died 7 July 1268)	1 January 1253 – 7 July 1268
46		Lorenzo Tiepolo (died 15 August 1275)	1268–1275
47		Jacopo Contarini (1194–1280)	1275–1280
48		Giovanni Dandolo (died 2 November 1289)	31 March 1280 – 2 November 1289
49		Pietro Gradenigo (– 14 August 1311)	1289–1311
50		Marino Zorzi (– 3 July 1312)	1311–1312	after his death, in his memory the children of the brothers took the surname Zazzera or Zazzara and also changed the family crest^[1] ^[2]
51		Giovanni Soranzo (1240 – 31 December 1328)	1312–1328
52		Francesco Dandolo (died 1339)	1329–1339
53		Bartolomeo Gradenigo (1263 – 28 December 1342)	7 November 1339 – 28 December 1342
54		Andrea Dandolo (1306 – 7 September 1354)	1343 – 7 September 1354
55		Marino Faliero (1274 – 17 April 1355)	11 September 1354 – 15 April 1355	Convicted of treason, executed and condemned to damnatio memoriae. Age c.80/81
56		Giovanni Gradenigo (– 8 August 1356)	21 April 1355 – 8 August 1356	Age c.75/76
57		Giovanni Dolfin (– 12 July 1361)	August 13, 1356 – 12 July 1361	Age c. 53/58
58		Lorenzo Celsi (– 18 July 1365)	16 July 1361 – 18 July 1365	Age c. 51/55
59		Marco Cornaro (– 13 January 1368)	Late July/Early August 1365 – 13 January 1368	Age c. 79/82
60		Andrea Contarini (– 5 June 1382)	1367 – 5 June 1382	Age c. 67/82
61		Michele Morosini (1308 – 16 October 1382)	10 June 1382 – 16 October 1382	Age c. 74/74
62		Antonio Venier (– 23 November 1400)	Late October 1382 – 23 November 1400	Age c. 52/70
63		Michele Steno (1331 – 26 December 1413)	1 December 1400 – 26 December 1413	Age c. 69/82
64		Tommaso Mocenigo (1343– 4 April 1423)	Early January 1414 – 4 April 1423	Age c. 71/80
65		Francesco Foscari (19 June 1373 – 1 November 1457)	15 April 1423 – 22 October 1457	His reign was the longest of all Doges in Venetian history.Was forced to abdicate by the Council of Ten. Age 49/84
66		Pasquale Malipiero (1392 – 5 May 1462)	30 October 1457 – 5 May 1462	Age c. 65/70
67		Cristoforo Moro (1390 – 10 November 1471)	Mid to Late May 1462 – 10 November 1471	Age c. 72/81
68		Nicolò Tron (– 28 July 1473)	Late November 1471 – 28 July 1473	Age c. 72/74
69		Nicolò Marcello (– 1 December 1474)	13 August 1473 – 1 December 1474	Age c. 74/75
70		Pietro Mocenigo (3 January 1406– 23 February 1476)	14 December 1474 – 23 February 1476	Age 68/70
71		Andrea Vendramin (1393 – 5 May 1478)	Early to Mid March 1476 – 5 May 1478	Age c. 83/85
72		Giovanni Mocenigo (1409 – 4 November 1485)	Mid to Late May 1478 – 4 November 1485	Age c. 69/76
73		Marco Barbarigo (– 14 August 1486)	Mid to Late November 1485 – 14 August 1486	Age c. 72/73
74		Agostino Barbarigo (3 June 1419 – 20 September 1501)	Late August/Early September 1486 – 20 September 1501	Age 67/82
75		Leonardo Loredan (16 November 1436 – 22 June 1521)	13 October 1501 – 22 June 1521	Age 64/84
76		Antonio Grimani (28 December 1434 – 7 May 1523)	Early July 1521 – 7 May 1523	Age 86/88
77		Andrea Gritti (17 April 1455 – 28 December 1538)	20 May 1523 – 28 December 1538	Age 68/83
78		Pietro Lando (1462 - 9 November 1545)	Late December 1538/Early January 1539 – 9 November 1545	Age c. 76/83
79		Francesco Donato (c. 1468–1553)	Late November 1545 – 23 May 1553	Age c. 77/85
80		Marcantonio Trivisan (c. 1475 – 31 May 1554)	Early June 1553 – 31 May 1554	Age c. 78/79
81		Francesco Venier (29 May 1489 - 2 June 1556)	11 June 1554 – 2 June 1556	Age 65/67
82		Lorenzo Priuli (1489 – 17 August 1559)	Mid to Late June 1556 – 17 August 1559	Age c. 67/70
83		Girolamo Priuli (1486 – 4 November 1567)	1 September 1559 – 4 November 1567	Age c. 73/81
84		Pietro Loredan (1481 – 3 May 1570)	29 November 1567 – 3 May 1570	Age c. 86/89
85		Alvise I Mocenigo (26 October 1507 – 4 June 1577)	Mid to Late May 1570 – 4 June 1577	Age 62/69
86		Sebastiano Venier (– 3 March 1578)	11 June 1577 - 3 March 1578	Age c. 81/82
87		Nicolò da Ponte (15 January 1491 – 30 July 1585)	3 March 1578 – 30 July 1585	There are references to a long, drawn out election process requiring 44 votes, but the appointment date matches the date of death of the previous Doge who held a Life term and served until death. This is unusual as most election appointments are between 1 and 3 weeks following the passing of the previous Doge (averaging around 2 weeks). Age 87/94
88		Pasquale Cicogna (27 May 1509 - 2 April 1595)	Early to Mid August 1585 – 2 April 1595	Age 76/85
89		Marino Grimani (1 July 1532 – 25 December 1605)	26 April 1595 – 25 December 1605	Age 62/73
90		Leonardo Donato (12 February 1536 – 16 July 1612)	10 January 1606 – 16 July 1612	Age 69/76
91		Marcantonio Memmo (11 November 1536 – 31 October 1615)	24 July 1612 – 31 October 1615	Age 75/78
92		Giovanni Bembo (21 August 1543 – 16 March 1618)	2 December 1615 – 16 March 1618	Age 72/74
93		Nicolò Donato (28 January 1539 – 8 May 1618)	5 April 1618 – 8 May 1618	Age 79/79
94		Antonio Priuli (10 May 1548 – 12 August 1623)	17 May 1618 – 12 August 1623	Age 70/75
95		Francesco Contarini (28 November 1556 – 6 December 1624)	8 September 1623 – 6 December 1624	Age 66/68
96		Giovanni I Cornaro (11 November 1551 – 23 December 1629)	24 January 1625 – 23 December 1629	Age 73/78
97		Nicolò Contarini (26 September 1553 – 2 April 1631)	18 January 1630 – 2 April 1631	Age 76/77
98		Francesco Erizzo (18 February 1566 – Venice, 3 January 1646)	10 April 1631 – 3 January 1646	Age 65/79
99		Francesco Molin (21 April 1575 – 27 February 1655)	20 January 1646 – 27 February 1655	Age 70/79
100		Carlo Contarini (5 July 1580 – 1 May 1656)	27 March 1655 – 1 May 1656	Age 74/75
101		Francesco Cornaro (6 March 1585 – 5 June 1656)	17 May 1656 – 5 June 1656	Age 71/71
102		Bertuccio Valier (1 July 1596 – 29 March 1658)	15 June 1656–29 March 1658	Age 59/61
103		Giovanni Pesaro (1 September 1589 – 30 September 1659)	8 April 1658–30 September 1659	Age 68/70
104		Domenico II Contarini (28 January 1585 – 26 January 1675)	16 October 1659–26 January 1675	Age 74/89
105		Nicolò Sagredo (8 December 1606 – 14 August 1676)	6 February 1675–14 August 1676	Age 68/69
106		Alvise Contarini (24 October 1601 – 15 January 1684)	26 August 1676 – 15 January 1684	Age 74/82
107		Marcantonio Giustinian (2 March 1619 – 23 March 1688)	26 January 1684–23 March 1688	Age 64/69
108		Francesco Morosini (26 February 1619 – 16 January 1694)	3 April 1688–16 January 1694	Age 69/74
109		Silvestro Valier (28 March 1630 – 7 July 1700)	25 February 1694–7 July 1700	Age 63/70
110		Alvise II Mocenigo (3 January 1628 – 6 May 1709)	17 July 1700–6 May 1709	Age 72/81
111		Giovanni II Cornaro (4 August 1647 – 12 August 1722)	22 May 1709–12 August 1722	Age 61/75
112		Sebastiano Mocenigo (29 August 1662–21 May 1732)	24 August 1722 – 21 May 1732	Age 59/69
113		Carlo Ruzzini (11 November 1653 – 5 January 1735)	6 June 1732 – 5 January 1735	Age 78/81
114		Alvise Pisani (1 January 1664 – 17 June 1741)	17 January 1735 – 17 June 1741	Age 71/77
115		Pietro Grimani (5 October 1677 – 7 March 1752)	30 June 1741 – 7 March 1752	Age 63/74
116		Francesco Loredan (9 February 1685 – 19 May 1762)	18 March 1752 – 19 May 1762	Age 67/77
117		Marco Foscarini (4 February 1696 – 31 March 1763)	31 May 1762–31 March 1763	Age 66/67
118		Alvise Giovanni Mocenigo (19 May 1701 – 31 December 1778)	19 April 1763 – 31 December 1778	Age 61/77
119		Paolo Renier (21 November 1710 – 13 February 1789)	14 January 1779–13 February 1789	Age 68/78
120		Ludovico Manin (14 May 1725 – 24 October 1802)	10 March 1789 – 12 May 1797	Forced to abdicate by Napoleon. Age 63/71 at abdication/77 at death

Legacy

After the Fall of the Republic of Venice, the position of Doge was abolished. Instead, from 1806 to 1866, a Podestà of Venice was appointed by the rulers of the city: Napoleon and the Habsburgs.

In 1860, the nascent Kingdom of Italy created the office of the Mayor of Venice (Sindaco di Venezia), chosen by the City council.

From 1946 to 1993, the Mayor of Venice was chosen by the City Council. Since 1993, under provisions of new local administration law, the Mayor of Venice has been chosen by popular election, originally every four and, later, every five years.

Bibliography

• Norwich, John Julius. A History of Venice. New York: Vintage Books, 1989. .

Notes and References

1. Francesco Zazzera, Della nobilta dell'Italia parte prima. Del signor D. Francesco Zazzera napoletano. Alla sereniss. e catol. maesta' del re Filippo 3. nostro signore, 1615, p. 16. English translated from original (italian of XVII century): «MARINO a very eloquent man, he was so versed in politics and the reasons of state that his opinion prevailing, in all the Consults and Councils, he rose in such a way that he had to sit in the Dogal Seat, after the death of Pietro Gradenigo, in which place ruled Doge 49th being created according to the truest opinion the year 1311. because others want it to be in 1303. where knowing himself (however given to the later spiritual, and contemplative life) not able, according to his desire to wait; on the contrary, unfortunately they seemed to him too strange and different from each other, detesting his first studies, and regretting having spent so many years madly; Moved by divine inspiration, the tenth month and tenth day of his rule, renouncing that dignity, he retired to his villa, where I refrain from the practices, conversations and of the century; some want him to die in the Religion of the Benedictines, and others in his ancient solitude, where from the beginning leading his life he chose to withdraw completely from the world: and so it was in truth, because advancing continuously in the wilderness, if I did, he almost lost his life A hermitic until 1320 who gave back the spirit to her Creator, she acquired Standofi a soura name of Saint; and offering the opportunity to more affectionate relatives, to originate a new surname. when he had grown up, seeing Zazzera wearing a hat up to his shoulders, as was mentioned by all of Zazzera, so Pietro, his brother, was the reason to take it away for his undertaking on the journey to the Embassy, where he was destined; and to his successors he later formed a new surname: which having done this briefly, the aforementioned Andrea Dandolo in the Chronicle of him mentions with the aforementioned words, adding advantageously, as at his own expense, he built the noble Temple of San Domenico; also endowing him with an income suitable for many fathers: all that was content to have his bones buried in the Church of S. Giovanni and Paolo, where his almost continuous residence was. » «MARINO huomo eloquentissimo, fu di maniera versato ne la Politica, e ne le ragioni di Stato che prevalendo la sua opinione, in tutte le Consulte, e Consegli, in maniera si sollevò, che gli ne toccò à seder nel Segio Dogale, dopo la morte di Pietro Gradenigo, nel qual luogo governò Doge 49° essendo creato secondo la più vera epinione l'an.1311.perche altri vogliono che fusse nel 1303.oue conoscendosi (dato però à la vita dopo spirituale, e contemplativa) non potere, conforme al suo desiderio attendere; anzi pur troppo strana parendogli, e diversa l'una da l'altra operazione, detestando i suoi primi studi, e pentito di haver cosi follemente Spesi tanti anni; mosso da divina ispirazione, il decimo mese, e decimo giorno del suo dominio, à quella dignità renunziando, si ritirò in una sua Villa, ove remoro da le pratiiche, conversazioni e del secolo; alcuni vogliono che morisse ne la Religion di Benedettini, ed altri ne l'antica sua solitudine, ove fin dal principio menar vita si elesse in tutto ritirata dal mondo: e così fu invero, perche avanzandosi continuamente ne la inselvatichir se medefimo, menò quasi vita Eremitica fino al 1320 che rendè lo spirito al suo Creatore, acqui Standofi un soura nome di Santo; e porgendo occasione à parenti più affezzionati, di originarsi nuovo coagnome. posciache cresciuta vedendosegli fina a le spalle una Zazzera, à capelliera, com'era da tutti de la Zazzera menzionato, così à Pietro suo fratello fu cagione di toglierla per sua Impresa nel viaggio de l'Ambasceria, ove fu destinato; ed à soccessori suoi dopò di formarlo nuovo cognome: che fatto ciò brevemente il sudetto Andrea Dandolo ne la sua Cronica accenna con le parole sudette, soggiungendo di vantaggio, come a proprie sue spese, edificasse il nobilissimo Tempio di San Domenico; dotandolo eziandio di rendita conveniente per molti padri: tutto che si contentasse far sepellir le sue ossa, ne la Chiesa di S. Giovanni, e Paolo, ov'era la sua quasi continua abitazione.»
2. Francesco Zazzera, "Della nobilta dell'Italia parte prima", publisher Gio. Battista Gargano, & Lucretio Nucci, year: 1615