List of Clostridium species explained

As of October 2022, there are 164 validly published species in Clostridium,^[1] as well as 38 species described but not validly published.

Species

• Clostridium aceticum
• Clostridium acetireducens
• Clostridium acetobutylicum
• Clostridium acidisoli
• Clostridium aciditolerans
• Clostridium aestuarii
• Clostridium akagii
• Clostridium algidicarnis
• Clostridium algifaecis
• Clostridium algoriphilum
• Clostridium amazonense^[2]
• Clostridium aminophilum
• Clostridium ammoniilyticum
• Clostridium amylolyticum
• Clostridium aquiflavi
• Clostridium arbusti
• Clostridium arcticum
• Clostridium argentinense
• Clostridium aromativorans
• Clostridium aurantibutyricum
• "Clostridium autoethanogenum"
• Clostridium baratii
• Clostridium beihaiense
• Clostridium beijerinckii
  • Clostridium diolis
• Clostridium bornimense
• Clostridium botulinum
• Clostridium bovifaecis
• Clostridium bowmanii
• Clostridium budayi
• Clostridium butanoliproducens
• Clostridium butyricum
• Clostridium cadaveris
• Clostridium caldaquaticum
• Clostridium carboxidivorans
• Clostridium carnis
• Clostridium cavendishii
• Clostridium celatum
• "Clostridium cellulofermentans"
• Clostridium cellulosi
• Clostridium cellulovorans
• Clostridium chartatabidum
• Clostridium chauvoei
• Clostridium chromiireducens
• Clostridium chrysemydis
• Clostridium cochlearium
• Clostridium colicanis
• Clostridium colinum
• Clostridium collagenovorans
• Clostridium combesii
• Clostridium composti
• Clostridium cylindrosporum
• Clostridium disporicum
• Clostridium drakei
• Clostridium estertheticum
• Clostridium facile
• Clostridium fallax
• Clostridium felsineum
• Clostridium fermenticellae
• Clostridium fessum
• Clostridium fimetarium
• Clostridium folliculivorans
• Clostridium formicaceticum
• Clostridium frigidicarnis
• Clostridium frigoris
• Clostridium fungisolvens
• Clostridium ganghwense
• Clostridium gasigenes
• Clostridium gelidum
• Clostridium grantii
• Clostridium guangxiense
• Clostridium haemolyticum
• Clostridium herbivorans
• Clostridium homopropionicum
• Clostridium hominis
• Clostridium huakuii
• Clostridium hydrogeniformans
• Clostridium hylemonae
• Clostridium indicum
• Clostridium innocuum
• Clostridium intestinale
• Clostridium isatidis
• Clostridium jeddahense
• Clostridium kluyveri
• Clostridium kogasense
• Clostridium lacusfryxellense
• Clostridium lentum
• Clostridium leptum
• Clostridium liquoris
• Clostridium ljungdahlii
• Clostridium lundense
• Clostridium luticellarii
• Clostridium magnum
• Clostridium malenominatum
• Clostridium manihotivorum

• Clostridium methoxybenzovorans
• Clostridium methylpentosum
• Clostridium mobile
• Clostridium moniliforme
• Clostridium muellerianum
• Clostridium neonatale
• Clostridium neuense
• Clostridium nexile
• Clostridium nitritogenes
• Clostridium nitrophenolicum
• Clostridium novyi
• Clostridium oceanicum
• Clostridium omnivorum
• Clostridium oryzae
• Clostridium pabulibutyricum
• Clostridium paradoxum
• Clostridium paraputrificum
• Clostridium pascui
• Clostridium pasteurianum
• Clostridium peptidivorans
• Clostridium perfringens
• Clostridium phytofermentans
• Clostridium piliforme
• Clostridium polyendosporum
• Clostridium polynesiense
• Clostridium polysaccharolyticum
• Clostridium porci
• Clostridium prolinivorans
• Clostridium psychrophilum
• Clostridium punense
• Clostridium puniceum
• Clostridium putrefaciens
• Clostridium putrificum
• Clostridium quinii
• "Clostridium ragsdalei"
• Clostridium saccharobutylicum
• Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum
• Clostridium sardiniense
• Clostridium sartagoforme
• Clostridium saudiense
• Clostridium scatologenes
• Clostridium schirmacherense
• Clostridium scindens
• Clostridium senegalense
• Clostridium septicum
• Clostridium simiarum
• Clostridium sporogenes
• Clostridium sporosphaeroides
• Clostridium subterminale
• Clostridium sulfidigenes
• Clostridium swellfunianum
• Clostridium symbiosum
• Clostridium tagluense
• Clostridium tanneri
• Clostridium tarantellae
• Clostridium tepidiprofundi
• Clostridium tepidum
• Clostridium tertium
• Clostridium tetani
• Clostridium tetanomorphum
• Clostridium thailandense
• Clostridium thermarum
• Clostridium thermoalcaliphilum
• Clostridium thermobutyricum
• Clostridium thermopalmarium
• Clostridium thermopapyrolyticum
• Clostridium thermosuccinogenes
• Clostridium thiosulfatireducens
• Clostridium tyrobutyricum
• Clostridium uliginosum

• Clostridium vincentii
• Clostridium viride
• Clostridium vitabionis
• Clostridium vulturis
• Clostridium weizhouense
• Clostridium zeae

Species formerly placed in Clostridium

• Order Caryophanales
  • Family Paenibacillaceae
    • Genus Oxalophagus: Clostridium oxalicum, reassigned in 1994.
    • Genus Paenibacillus: Clostridium durum, reassigned in 1994.
• Order Erysipelotrichia
  • Family Coprobacillaceae
    • Genus Thomasclavelia: Clostridium cocleatum, C. ramosum, C. saccharogumia and C. spiroforme, reassigned in 2023.
• Order Eubacteriales
  • Family Clostridiaceae
    • Genus Asaccharospora: Clostridium irregulare, reassigned in 2014.
    • Genus Caloramator: Clostridium fervidum, reassigned in 1994.
    • Genus Hathewaya: Clostridium histolyticum, C. limosum and C. proteolyticum, reassigned in 2016.
    • Genus Hungatella: Clostridium hathewayi, reassigned in 2014.
    • Genus Intestinibacter: Clostridium bartlettii, reassigned in 2014.
    • Genus Oxobacter: Clostridium pfennigii, reassigned in 1994.
    • Genus Romboutsia: Clostridium lituseburense, reassugned in 2014.
    • Genus Sarcina: Clostridium maximum and C. ventriculi. Originally described in Sarcina, proposed to be moved to Clostridium in 2016 but remained due to Sarcina being the older genus.
    • Genus Terrisporobacter: Clostridium glycolicum and C. mayombei, reassigned in 2014.
  • Family Eubacteriaceae
    • Genus Eubacterium: Clostridium barkeri, reassigned in 1994.
  • Family Lachnospiraceae
    • Genus Anaerocolumna: Clostridium aminovalericum, C. jejuense and C. xylanovorans, reassigned in 2016.
    • Genus Anaeromicropila: Clostridium populeti, reassigned in 2023.
    • Genus Anaerotignum: Clostridium lactatifermentans, C. neopropionicum and C. propionicum, reassigned in 2017
    • Genus Blautia: Clostridium coccoides, reassigned in 2008.
    • Genus Butyrivibrio: Clostridium proteoclasticum, reassigned in 2008.
    • Genus Cellulosilyticum: C. lentocellum, reassigned in 2010.
    • Genus Enterocloster: Clostridium aldenense, C. asparagiforme, C. bolteae, C. citroniae, C. clostridioforme and C. lavalense, reassigned in 2020.^[3]
    • Genus Faecalicatena: Clostridium oroticum, reassigned in 2017.
    • Genus Lacrimispora: Clostridium aerotolerans, C. algidixylanolyticum, C. amygdalinum, C. celerecrescens, C. indolis, C. saccharolyticum, C. sphenoides, C. xylanolyticum
    • Genus Mediterraneibacter: Clostridium glycyrrhizinilyticum, reassigned in 2019
  • Family Oscillospiraceae
    • Genus Acetivibrio: Clostridium aldrichii, C. alkalicellulosi, C. clariflavum, C. straminisolvens and C. thermocellum, reassigned in 2019.
    • Genus Flavonifractor: Clostridium orbiscindens, merged with Eubacterium plautii and moved to new genus in 2010.
    • Genus Ruminiclostridium: Clostridium cellobioparum, Clostridium cellulolyticum, Clostridium hungatei, Clostridium josui, Clostridium papyrosolvens, Clostridium sufflavum and Clostridium termitidis reassigned in 2018.
    • Genus Thermoclostridium: Clostridium caenicola and C. stercorarium, reassigned in 2018.
  • Family Peptostreptococcaceae
    • Genus Acetoanaerobium: Clostridium sticklandii, reassigned in 2016.
    • Genus Clostridioides: Clostridium difficile and C. mangenotii, reassigned in 2016.^[4]
    • Genus Filifactor: Clostridium villosum, reassigned in 1994.
    • Genus Maledivibacter: Clostridium halophilum, reassigned in 2016.
    • Genus Paraclostridium: Clostridium bifermentans, reassigned in 2016. C. ghonii and C. sordellii, were first reassigned to Paeniclostridium in 2016 and merged into Paraclostridium in 2024. Both genera remained in Clostridiaceae until 2024.
    • Genus Paramaledivibacter: Clostridium caminithermale, reassigned in 2016.
    • Genus Peptacetobacter: Clostridium hiranonis, reassigned in 2020.
    • Genus Peptoclostridium: C. litorale, reassigned in 2016.
  • Family Syntrophomonadaceae
    • Genus Syntrophospora: Clostridium bryantii, reassigned in 1990.
• Order Fusobacteriales
  • Family Fusobacteriaceae
    • Genus Fusobacterium: Clostridium rectum, merged into Fusobacterium mortiferum in 2017.
• Order Halanaerobiales
  • Family Halobacteroidaceae
    • Genus Sporohalobacter: Clostridium lortetii, reassigned in 1984.
• Order Selenomonadales
  • Family Sporomusaceae
    • Genus Dendrosporobacter: Clostridium quercicolum, reassigned in 2000.
• Order Thermoanaerobacterales
  • Family Thermoanaerobacteraceae
    • Genus Moorella: Clostridium thermaceticum and C. thermautotrophicum, reassigned in 1994.
    • Genus Thermoanaerobacter: Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum and C. thermosulfurigenes, reassigned in 1993 and Clostridium thermocopriae and C. thermosaccharolyticum, reassigned in 1994.
• Order Tissierellales
  • Family Gottschalkiaceae
    • Genus Gottschalkia: Clostridium acidurici and C. purinilyticum, first proposed in 2013 together with Clostridium angusta, reassigned in 2017.
  • Family Tissierellaceae
    • Genus Schnuerera: Clostridium ultunense, reassigned in 2020.
    • Genus Tissierella: Clostridium hastiforme, reassigned in 1986.
  • Unassigned to family
    • Genus Sedimentibacter: C. hydroxybenzoicum, reassigned in 2002.

Notes and References

1. Page Genus: Clostridium on Web site: LPSN - List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature . . 2022-10-03.
2. Parte AC . Clostridium. LPSN.
3. Reclassification of the Clostridium clostridioforme and Clostridium sphenoides clades As enterocloster gen. nov. And lacrimispora gen. nov., including reclassification of 15 taxa. 10.1099/ijsem.0.003698. 2020. Haas. Kelly N.. Blanchard. Jeffrey L.. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 70. 1. 23–34. 31782700. 208358321. free.
4. Lawson . Paul A. . Citron . Diane M. . Tyrrell . Kerin L. . Finegold . Sydney M. . Reclassification of Clostridium difficile as Clostridioides difficile (Hall and O'Toole 1935) Prévot 1938 . Anaerobe . August 2016 . 40 . 95–99 . 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2016.06.008 . 27370902 .