List of wars and battles involving China explained

See also: List of wars involving the People's Republic of China.

The following is a list of wars and battles involving China, organized by date.[1] [2]

Ancient China

Year(s) Event Brief description
26th century BCEThe Yellow Emperor defeats the Yan Emperor.
26th century BCE The Yellow Emperor defeats Chi You and establishes the Han Chinese civilization.
1675 BCE The Xia dynasty is overthrown and replaced by the Shang dynasty.
1046 BCE The Shang dynasty is overthrown and replaced by the Zhou dynasty.
c. 1042–1039 BCERebellion of the Three GuardsThe Zhou dynasty defeats the discontented Zhou princes, and their Shang loyalist allies.
771 BCEBattle of Mount Li (Lishan)King You of Zhou is killed and the Western Zhou dynasty ends.
739–678 BCE Jin–Quwo warsDynastic struggles between two branches of Jin's ruling house
707 BCEThe Eastern Zhou dynasty is defeated by the vassal Zheng state.
701–680 BCEZheng war of succession Caused by the death of Duke Zhuang of Zheng[3] [4]
685 BCEBattle of QianshiThe Qi state defeats the Lu state.[5]
684 BCEThe Lu state defeats the Qi state
657–651 BCELi Ji UnrestWar about the future succession of Duke Xian of Jin
643–642 BCEWar of Qi's successionCaused by the death of Duke Huan of Qi
635 BCEWar of the Zhou successionJin state assisted King Xiang of Zhou against his brother, Prince Dai, who claimed the Zhou throne
632 BCEThe Jin state defeats the Chu state.
627 BCEThe Jin defeats Qin.
595 BCEThe Chu state defeats the Jin state.
589 BCEThe Jin state defeats the Qi state.
575 BC The Jin state defeats the Chu state.
506 BCE The Wu state defeats the Chu state.
4th century BCE The Yan state defeats the Gojoseon kingdom.
494 BCEThe Wu state defeats the Yue state.
c. 481–403 BCEPartition of JinSeries of wars between rival noble families of Jin, who eventually sought to divide the state's territory amongst themselves at the expense of Jin's ruling house.
The state was definitively carved up between the successor states of Zhao, Wei and Han in 376 BCE.
478 BCEThe Yue state defeats the Wu state.
453 BCE The Zhao state defeats the Zhi state. Leads to the Partition of Jin.
c. 403–221 BCEWarring States periodSeries of dynastic interstate and intrastate wars during the Eastern Zhou dynasty over succession and territory
370–367 BCEWar of the Wei successionCaused by the death of Marquess Wu of Wei
354–353 BCEThe Qi state defeats the Wei state.
342 BCEThe Qi state defeats the Wei state.
341 BCE Battle of Guailing
293 BCEThe Qin state defeats the Wei and Han states.
269 BCEBattle of Yanyu
265 BCEZhao–Xiongnu WarThe Zhao state defeats the Xiongnu
260 BCE The Qin state defeats the Zhao state.
259–257 BCEThe allied forces of Zhao, Wei and Chu defeats the Qin.
230–221 BCEThe Qin state conquers the six other major states in China and unifies the country under the Qin dynasty.

Imperial China

Qin dynasty (221–206 BCE)

Year(s) Event Brief description
215 BCE Qin forces defeat the Xiongnu in the Ordos Desert.
214 BCE Qin forces defeat and conquer the Yue tribes living in southern China and northern Vietnam.
209 BCE Chen Sheng and Wu Guang lead a rebellion against the Qin dynasty.
207 BCE A rebel coalition army led by Xiang Yu defeats Qin forces.

Han dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE)

Chu-Han Contention (206–202 BCE)

Year(s) Event Brief description
206–202 BCE Han defeats Chu and its allies and unifies China.
205 BCE Western Chu defeats Han.
205 BCE Battle of Xingyang
205 BCE Han defeats the Zhao state.
204 BCE Han defeats Western Chu and the Qi state.
202 BCE Han defeats Western Chu and unifies China under the Han dynasty.

Western Han (206 BCE – 9 CE)

Year(s) Event Brief description
2nd century BCE The Han dynasty expands its boundaries into southern China and northern Vietnam.
200 BCE The Xiongnu defeat Han forces.
180 BCELü Clan DisturbanceCaused by the death of Empress Lü of the Han dynasty
154 BCEThe Han central government suppresses a revolt led by seven princes.
138 and 111 BCE The Han dynasty conquers the Minyue region (around present-day southeastern China).
133 BCE – 89 CE Overall victory for Han forces over the Xiongnu.
133 BCE Inconclusive battle between the Xiongnu and Han forces.
119 BCE Han forces defeat the Xiongnu and reach as far north as Lake Baikal.
111 BCE The Han dynasty conquers the Nanyue kingdom, leading to the First Chinese domination of Vietnam.
109 BCE The Han dynasty conquers the Dian region (around present-day Yunnan). Zhang-Conroy alliance formed.
109 BCE The Han dynasty defeats and conquers Gojoseon (in the northern Korean peninsula).
104 BCE The Han dynasty defeats Alexandria Eschate. This is one of the only wars between Chinese and Greek cultures. 3000 prized horses were brought back to China for breeding. This was part of the broader westward expansion of the Han dynasty, which saw the establishment of the Protectorate of the Western Regions and the opening up of the Silk Road.
99 BCE The Xiongnu defeat Han forces.
67 BCE Han forces defeat the Xiongnu
36 BCE Han forces defeat the Xiongnu and kill Zhizhi Chanyu, the Xiongnu leader.

Xin dynasty (9–23 CE) and early Eastern Han (25–36 CE)

Year(s) Event Brief description
17–23 CE Red Eyebrows and Lulin RebellionsRevolts against Xin dynasty emperor Wang Mang to restore the Han dynasty; both rebel armies had their own candidates, however.
23 CELiu Xiu overthrows the Xin dynasty and restores the Han dynasty (as 'Eastern Han') under the Gengshi Emperor.
23–27 CESecond Red Eyebrows RebellionCaused by the death of Wang Mang. The Red Eyebrows rebelled against the Gengshi Emperor, the Lulin rebel candidate to succeed Wang Mang.
23–36 CEHan civil warLiu Xiu campaigns against pretenders and regional warlords who opposed the rule of the Gengshi Emperor (23–25) and his own rule (since 25).[6]

Eastern Han – middle period (36–184)

Year(s) Event Brief description
73 Han forces defeat the Xiongnu.
89 Han forces defeat the Xiongnu.
40–43Han forces strikes down the Trung sisters' rebellion, led to the Second Chinese domination of Vietnam.
177 Han-Xianbei conflict Han forces defeated by Xianbei state.

End of the Han dynasty (184–220)

See main article: End of the Han dynasty.

Jin dynasty (265–420), the Southern Dynasties (420–587), the Sixteen Kingdoms (304–439) and the Northern Dynasties (386–581)

See also: Timeline of the Jin dynasty (266–420) and the Sixteen Kingdoms (304–439) and Timeline of the Northern and Southern dynasties.

Year(s) Event Brief description
263–271Jiao Province CampaignEastern Wu defeats Jin dynasty.
270–279Tufa Shujineng's RebellionJin dynasty defeats Tufa Shujineng's rebel forces.
272Battle of XilingEastern Wu defeats Jin dynasty.
280 The Jin dynasty conquers Eastern Wu and unifies China under its control.
291–306 A power struggle following the ascension of the developmentally disabled Emperor Hui of Jin. Eight princes, and other figures such as Jia Nanfeng vied for control over the Jin court.
296–299Qi Wannian's RebellionJin dynasty defeats tribal rebellion in Guanzhong; refugees enter en masse into Sichuan.
301–304Li Te's RebellionThe Ba-Di refugee, Li Te, rebels against the Jin dynasty in Sichuan. His son, Li Xiong, establishes Cheng Han.
303–304Zhang Chang's RebellionJin dynasty defeats Zhang Chang's rebel forces.
304–316 Wu Hu UprisingThe Wu Hu tribes overthrow the (Western) Jin dynasty. The Jin dynasty is reestablished as the Eastern Jin dynasty. Former Zhao and Cheng Han expands.
305–307 Chen Min's RebellionJin dynasty defeats Chen Min's rebel forces.
311Battle of NingpingFormer Zhao defeats Jin dynasty.
311 Disaster of YongjiaFormer Zhao captures Luoyang and Emperor Huai of Jin.
311–315 Du Tao's UprisingJin dynasty defeats Du Tao's rebel forces.
313–321 Zu Ti's Northern ExpeditionJin forces led by Zu Ti fights Later Zhao to a stalemate; Jin territorial gains reversed after Zu Ti's death.Included the following battles:
  • Battle of Junyi (319)
314 Battle of YouzhouFormer Zhao defeats Jin dynasty.
316 Battle of Chang'an (316)Former Zhao captures Chang'an and Emperor Min of Jin, ending the Western Jin dynasty.
322Wang Dun's Insurrection (1)Wang Dun defeats Jin forces led by Emperor Yuan of Jin
324Wang Dun's Insurrection (2)Jin forces led by Emperor Ming of Jin defeats Wang Dun
327–329 Su Jun's RebellionJin forces defeats Su Jun's rebel forces.
328 Battle of Luoyang (328)Later Zhao defeats Former Zhao. Later Zhao establishes itself as the dominant power in northern China.
338 Battle of JichengFormer Yan defeats Later Zhao.
346–347Later Zhao's invasion of Former LiangFormer Liang defeats Later Zhao.
346–347 Conquest of Cheng Han by JinJin Dynasty conquers Cheng Han.
349Chu Pou's Northern ExpeditionLater Zhao defeats Jin forces led by Chu Pou.
350–351 Ran Wei–Later Zhao WarRan Wei conquers Later Zhao; Ran Min exterminates the Jie and orders a mass killing of the Wu Hu.
351 Former Yan-Ran Wei warFormer Yan conquers Ran Wei; Yan gains foothold in the Central Plains.
352Yin Hao's Northern Expeditions (1)Former Qin defeats Jin forces led by Yin Hao.
353Yin Hao's Northern Expeditions (2)Yao Xiang rebels and defeats Eastern Jin forces led by Yin Hao.
354–369 Huan Wen's Northern ExpeditionsJin forces led by Huan Wen fails to recover northern China.Includes the following battles:
354 Battle of LukouFormer Yan defeats Anguo Kingdom.
355 Battle of GuangguFormer Yan conquers Duan Qi.
357Former Qin-Zhang Ping WarFormer Qin defeats Zhang Ping's forces.
359Xie Wan's Northern ExpeditionFormer Yan defeats Jin forces led by Xie Wan.
361 Battle of YewangFormer Yan defeats Lü Hu's rebel forces.
364–365Battle of Luoyang (365)Former Yan captures Luoyang from the Jin dynasty.
365; 367–368Rebellion of the Five DukesFormer Qin defeats anti-Fu Jian forces.
369–370Yuan Zhen's RebellionJin dynasty defeats Yuan Zhen's rebel forces.
369–370 Conquest of Former Yan by Former QinFormer Qin conquers Former Yan.
371Conquest of Chouchi by Former QinFormer Qin conquers Chouchi
373Former Qin's invasion of Yi ProvinceFormer Qin conquers Yi Province from the Eastern Jin dynasty.
376Conquest of Former Liang by Former QinFormer Qin conquers Former Liang.
376 Conquest of Dai by Former QinFormer Qin conquers Dai
378Siege of Xiangyang (378)Former Qin conquers Xiangyang from the Jin dynasty.
383 Lü Guang's Expedition to QiuciFormer Qin forces led by Lü Guang conquers Qiuci.
383 The Jin dynasty defeats Former Qin, leading to the gradual collapse of Former Qin.
387 Battle of LiangzhouLater Liang defeats rebel forces.
389 Battle of DajieLater Qin defeats Former Qin.
390 Battle of Xincheng TownLater Qin defeats Di and Qiang rebel forces.
391 Northern Wei's campaign against Liu WeichenNorthern Wei conquers Liu Weichen's territory.
392 Later Liang forces led by Lü Guang defeats Western Qin.
393 Conquest of Western Yan by Later YanLater Yan conquers Western Yan.
394Battle of FeiqiaoLater Qin decisively defeats Former Qin.
395 Northern Wei defeats Later Yan.
397 Battle of BosiNorthern Wei defeated Later Yan, but then retreated due to internal struggles.
399–411 Rebellion of Sun En and Lu XunJin dynasty defeats Sun En and Lu Xun's rebel forces.
404 Campaign against Huan XuanLiu Yu's coalition defeats Huan Xuan and restores the Jin dynasty.Includes the following battles:
  • Battle of Fuzhoushan (404) Liu Yu's coalition defeats Huan Chu.
409–417 Liu Yu's Northern ExpeditionsLiu Yu reclaims territories in northern China.Includes the following campaigns:
412Battle of Jiangling (412)Liu Yu's forces defeats Liu Yi's forces in the Jin dynasty.
412–413Conquest of Western Shu by JinJin dynasty conquers Western Shu.
418Guanzhong CampaignHelian Xia captures the Guanzhong region from the Jin dynasty.
422 Battle of HenanA battle between Liu Song and Northern Wei.
426 Xie Hui was captured.
426 Western Qin-Northern Liang warNorthern Liang and Helian Xia defeats Western Qin.
426–427 Battle of TongwanNorthern Wei captures Helian Xia's capital city, Tongwan
430; 450–452 Yuanjia Northern ExpeditionsA series of three northern expeditions against Northern Wei by the Liu Song dynasty during the reign of Emperor Wen of Song. All three ended in Northern Wei victory.
429 Northern Wei defeats the Rouran Khaganate.
432 Northern Wei-Northern Yan WarNorthern Wei defeats Northern Yan.
433 Battle of HanzhongNorthern Wei defeats Southern Qi.
439 Conquest of Northern Liang by Northern WeiNorthern Wei conquers Northern Liang, ending the Sixteen Kingdoms period.
449 Battle of Yongzhou
450 Battle of Shaancheng
454 Conquest of Liu Yixuan by Liu SongLiu Yixuan was defeated.
459 Battle of Guangling
466
466 Battle of Pengcheng
467 Battle of Qingzhou
474 Battle of Jiankang
479–500 Qi-Wei war
479 Battle of Shouyang
488 Wei-Baekje war
494 Battle of Huaihan
495 Battle of Hanzhong
497 Battle of Nanyang
503 Battle of Zhongli and Yiyang
506 Battle of Hefei
507 Battle of ZhongliLiang dynasty defeats Northern Wei
515 Battle of Shaanshi
528 Battle of Ye
529 Chen Qingzhi's expeditions
531 Gao Huan's expedition against Erzhu
534–535 Northern Wei split into Eastern Wei and Western Wei.
537
543 Battle of Mt. Mang
546 Battle of Yubi
547 Hou Jing led a rebellion against Eastern Wei and then fled to Liang dynasty.
552 Hou Jing led a massive rebellion against Liang dynasty.
554 Battle of JianglingWestern Wei defeats Liang dynasty
556 Northern Qi-Liang war
564 Battle of LuoyangNorthern Qi defeats Northern Zhou.
569 Battle of Yiyang and Fenbei
575–577 Conquest of Northern Qi by Northern Zhou
575 Battle of Heyin
576 Battle of Pingyang
580 Conquest of Yuchi Jiong by Yang Jian
580 Conquest of Wang Qian by Yang Jian
580 Battle of Lizhou
580 Battle of Wushe
580 Battle of Liangjun
580 Battle of Jinxiang
580 Battle of Shizhou

Sui dynasty (581–618)

Year(s) Event Brief description
589 Conquest of Chen by Sui
598–614 Goguryeo defeats Sui.
602 The Sui dynasty defeats the Early Lý dynasty, led to the Third Chinese domination of Vietnam.
605 The Sui dynasty defeats Champa.
611–619 Wagang Army Uprising
613 Yang Xuangan's Rebellion
616 Battle of Xingyang Wagang Army defeats Sui army led by Zhang Xutuo
617 Li Yuan overthrows the Sui dynasty and establishes the Tang dynasty.
618 Battle of Luoyang Li Mi defeats Yuwen Huaji and then Wang Shichong defeats Li Mi.

Tang dynasty (618–907)

Year(s) Event Brief description
621 Tang forces defeated Dou Jiande.
626 Li Shimin killed his brothers Li Jiancheng and Li Yuanji in a coup and seized the succession to the Tang throne.
630 Tang army, led by Li Jing, defeated and conquered Eastern Turks
635 Tang forces defeated and conquered Tuyuhun Khanate.
638 The Tang dynasty defeated the Tibetan Empire.
639–646 Tang forces defeated and conquered Xueyantuo Khanate.
640–657 Wars between the Tang dynasty and the Western Turks.
640–648 The Tang dynasty conquered the oasis states of the Tarim Basin.
640 Tang forces defeated and conquered Karakhoja (Gaochang).
644, 648 Tang forces defeat and conquered Karasahr.
645 Tang forces invade and occupy Tibet along with its capital Lhasa.[7] [8]
648–649 Tang forces defeated and conquered Kucha.
649 Tang, Nepalese and Tibetan forces defeated Arunasva's forces.
657 Tang forces defeated the Western Turks.
657 Tang forces defeated the Western Turks.
645–668 The Tang dynasty and Silla defeated Goguryeo. Tang conquered Goguryeo.
663 Tang and Silla forces defeated Yamato Japanese and Baekje forces.
663 Tuyuhun Khanate was destroyed.
660 The Tang dynasty and Silla defeated Baekje. Tang conquered Baekje.
670 The Tang dynasty defeated the Tibetan Empire.
670–676 The Silla defeated the Tang dynasty and retook Baekje and part of Goguryeo.
685 Battle of Kaoyu
697 Battle of Dongxiashi ValleyKhitan defeated the Wu Zhou.
698 Mohe forces defeated the Wu Zhou.
717 Tang forces defeated an allied forces of Umayyad Muslims, Tibetans and TürgeshTurks.
745–749 Siege of Shibao FortressTang forces defeated Tibetans
751 The Abbasid Caliphate and Tibetans defeated the Tang dynasty.
755–763 An Lushan, An Qingxu, Shi Siming and Shi Chaoyi led a massive rebellion against Tang dynasty.
756 Battle of Tong PassThe rebel Yan state defeats Tang dynasty and soon captured Chang'an, the capital of Tang dynasty.
756 The Tang dynasty defeated the rebel Yan state.
757 Pyrrhic victory for the rebel Yan state against Tang forces.
757 Battle of Xiangji TempleTang forces defeated rebel Yan forces and recaptured Chang'an.
758–759 Battle of XiangzhouRebel Yan forces defeated Tang forces.
762 Battle of LuoyangThe Tang dynasty decisively defeated the rebel Yan state, fall of Yan.
763 Battle of Chang´anNo casualties, Tibetan Empire strategic victory against Tang dynasty.
765 Battle of XiyuanTang dynasty defeated the Tibetan Empire and Uyghur forces.
781 Battle of Henshui
801–802 Battle of WeizhouTang forces defeated Tibetans in the South-West front.
817 Conquest of the Western Huai River
819 Battle of YanzhouTang forces defeated Tibetans in the North-West front.
854–866 Tang forces defeated Nanzhao forces.
863Siege of SongpingNanzhao captures Songping (modern Hanoi) from Tang forces
874–884 Huang Chao led a rebellion that weakened the Tang dynasty.
897 Battle of Qingkou

Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period (907–960)

Year(s) Event Brief description
909Battle of JisuWarlord Liu Shouguang defeats his brother Liu Shouwen
919Battle of Langshan JiangWuyue defeats Yang Wu
923
925 Conquest of Former Shu by Later Tang
936 Conquest of Later Tang by Later Jin
938Battle of Bach Dang
945 Battle of Ting-Hsien
947Wuyue defeats the Southern Tang and gains control of Fuzhou
955Siege of ShouzhouLater Zhou defeats Southern Tang

Song dynasty (960–1279)

Year(s) Event Brief description
964–965 Song conquest of the Later Shu.
970–971 Song conquest of the Southern Han.
974 Song conquest of the Southern Tang.
979 Song conquest of the Northern Han.
979 The Khitan Liao Dynasty defeats the Song Dynasty.
986 Battle of Qigou PassLiao forces defeat Song forces.
1004 Battle of ChanzhouInconclusive.
1041 Battle of Haoshui River The Western Xia defeats the Song Dynasty.
1048 Battle of Pei-Chou
1075–1077 Indecisive.
1081–1085 Song–Xia warsSong launches war with Western Xia.
1126–1127 Siege of DongjingThe Jurchen Jin Dynasty decisively defeats the Song Dynasty, fall of Northern Song.
1129–1141 Wars between the Song and Jin dynasties.
1130 Battle of FupingJin forces defeats Song forces.
1140 Song forces under Yue Fei, defeat Jin forces.
1161 Song forces defeat Jin forces.
1161 Song forces defeat Jin forces.
1234 The Mongol Empire and the Song Dynasty decisively defeat the Jin Dynasty, fall of the Jin Dynasty.
1259 Song forces defeat the Mongols.
1273 The Mongols defeat Song forces.
1279 The Mongols decisively defeat the Song Dynasty, fall of Southern Song.

Liao dynasty (907–1125)

Year(s) Event Brief description
Liao-Song War
979 The Liao Dynasty defeats the Song Dynasty.
986 Battle of Qigou PassLiao forces defeat Song forces.
993–1019 The Goryeo defeated the Khitan Liao Dynasty forces.
1004 Battle of ChanzhouInconclusive.
1044 Battle of HequThe Western Xia defeats the Liao Dynasty.
1114–1125 Liao-Jin War

Jurchen Jin dynasty (1115–1234)

Year(s) Event Brief description
1126–1127 Siege of DongjingThe Jurchen Jin Dynasty decisively defeats the Song Dynasty, fall of Northern Song.
1130 Battle of FupingJin forces defeats Song forces.
1211–1234 The Mongols defeat and conquer Jin.
1211 The Mongols defeat Jin.
1215 The Mongols defeat Jin.
1229Battle of DachangyuanJin defeats the Mongols.
1231Battle of DaohuiguJin defeats the Mongols.
1232Battle of SanfengshanThe Mongols defeat Jin.
1232 The Mongols capture the Jin city Kaifeng.
1234 The Mongol Empire and the Song Dynasty decisively defeat the Jin Dynasty, fall of the Jin Dynasty.

Yuan dynasty (1271–1368)

Year(s) Event Brief description
1274, 1281 The Japanese defeat the Mongol/Korean/Chinese invaders.
1277–1287 Mongol Yuan victory, fall of the Pagan Empire.
1288 The Vietnamese defeat Yuan forces.
1293 Failed Yuan expedition to Java.
1301 The Burmese defeat Yuan forces.
1351–1368 The Red Turban rebels overthrow the Yuan dynasty.
1359 The Red Turban rebels attack Goryeo.
1360 Battle of Yingtian
1363 Zhu Yuanzhang defeats Chen Youliang.

Ming dynasty (1368–1644)

Year(s) Event Brief description
1381–1382 The Ming expelled the last of the loyalist Mongol forces of the Yuan in South China.
1386–1388Ming–Mong Mao WarThe Ming vassalized the Mong Mao.
1387 The Ming received the surrender of the Naghachu based in Manchuria.
1388 The Ming decisively defeated Toghus Temur, Khan of the Northern Yuan dynasty based in Mongolia.
14th century–15th century Ming forces suppressed rebellions by the Miao and other aboriginal peoples in southwestern China.
1397–1398Dao Ganmeng rebellionThe Ming forces suppressed a rebellion by Dao Ganmeng against Mong Mao vassalge
1399–1402 Zhu Di seized the throne from the Jianwen Emperor in a civil war.
15th century–16th century The Ming clashed with the Turpan kingdom.
1406–1407 The Ming defeated the Hồ dynasty, led to the Fourth Chinese domination of Vietnam.
1407–1413 Later Trần resistance Resistance defeated by the Ming.
1410 The Ming defeated the Kingdom of Kotte.
1415 The Ming defeated the forces of Sekandar.
1410–1424 The Ming launched punitive expeditions against the Eastern Mongols, Oyirad Mongols, and other Mongol tribes.
1418–1427 Vietnamese victory, ending Ming rule in Vietnam.
1436–1449Luchuan–Pingmian campaignsPunitive campaigns against the Mong Mao
1449 The Mongols defeated the Ming.
1449Defense of BeijingThe Ming defeated the Mongols
1449–1467, 1475 Rebellions defeated.
1510 The Ming suppressed a revolt by Zhu Zhifan (the Prince of Anhua).
1519 The Ming suppressed a revolt by Zhu Chenhao (the Prince of Ning).
1521 The Ming defeated the Portuguese in a naval battle.
1522 The Ming defeated the Portuguese in a naval battle.
1529–1571 Mongol raids by Altan Khan Ming signed peace treaty with Altan Khan.
1540s–1560s The Ming defeated the Wokou pirates.
1575–1581 The Ming defeated the Mongols
1589–1600 Miao Rebellion against Ming.
1592–1598 The Ming and Joseon defeated Japanese invaders.
1593 The Ming and Joseon defeated Japanese invaders.
1597 Ming and Joseon forces failed to capture Ulsan Castle from the Japanese.
1598 Ming and Joseon forces failed to capture Sacheon from the Japanese.
1598 Ming and Joseon forces defeated the Japanese in a naval battle.
1618–1683 The Qing dynasty defeated and conquered the Ming.
1618–1619 The Manchus defeated the Ming.
1621–1629 The Ming defeated the Yongning Rebellion.
1626 The Ming defeated the Manchus.
1622–1633 A series of conflicts between the Ming and the Dutch East India Company that began on Penghu and concluded with Ming victory at the Battle of Liaoluo Bay.
1641–1642 The Qing defeated the Ming.
1642
1643 Ming was defeated by Li Zicheng in Shaanxi.
1644 Rebel forces led by Li Zicheng occupied the capital Beijing and overthrew the Ming dynasty.
1644 Qing forces allied with former Ming general Wu Sangui and defeated Li Zicheng's forces.

Qing dynasty (1644–1912)

Year(s) Event Brief description
1652–1689 Border conflicts between the Qing and the Russian Tsardom concluded with Qing victory and the signing of the Treaty of Nerchinsk.
1661–1662 Koxinga defeated the Dutch and conquered Taiwan.
1678–1680 Dzungars conquer the Yarkent Chagatai Khanate
1674–1681 The Qing suppressed rebellions in Fujian, Guangdong and Yunnan.
1683 The Qing conquered the Kingdom of Tungning in Taiwan.
1690–1757 Included the following battles:
1765–1769 Burmese victory.
1788–1789 Tây Sơn dynasty victory, Qing troops retreat from Vietnam.
1790–1791 Qing victory.
1794–1804 The Qing suppressed a revolt by the White Lotus Society.
19th century Cantonese pirates (with support from the Qing) defeated Portuguese pirates.
1820s–1850s Aq Taghlik Khojas (Afaqi Khojas) attack Xinjiang. Qing victory
1839–1842 The Qing lost to the British and ceded Hong Kong to the latter.

Included the following battles:

1841–1842 Military stalemate between the Sikhs and the Qing. Treaty of Chushul signed.
1850–1864 The Qing defeated the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom (founded by the Taiping rebels).

Included the following battles:

1854–56 Red Turban RebellionThe Qing defeated Red Turban rebels in Guangdong
1855–1867 Punti-Hakka Clan WarsHakka were allocated their own independent sub-prefecture, Chixi (赤溪镇), which was carved out of south-eastern Taishan, while others were relocated to Guangxi Province, mass emigration to other countries.
1856–1860 The British, French and Americans defeated the Qing.

Included the following battles:

1856–1873 The Qing and Hui loyalists suppressed a revolt by the Hui people and other ethnic minorities in Yunnan.
1862–1877 The Qing and Hui loyalists suppressed a revolt by the Hui people in northwestern China.
1864–1869 The Qing suppressed a revolt led by Zhang Lexing and others.

Includes the following battles:

  • Battle of Gaolozai (1865)
  • Battle of Inlon River (1867): The Qing defeated the Nian rebels.
  • Battle of Ganyu (1867)
  • Battle of Shouguang (1867)
1866 Paiwan Aboriginals defeat the Americans
1870 The Uzbek controlled kingdom of Kashgaria defeated Hui rebels.
1874 Paiwan Aboriginals fight against the Japanese
1876–1878 The Qing defeat Yaqub Beg's forces in Kashgaria.
1884–1885 Militarily indecisive, diplomatic victory of the French.

Included the following battles/campaigns:

1884 The Qing defeated the Japanese.
1894–1895 The Japanese defeated the Qing.

Included the following battles:

1895–1896 The Qing and Muslim loyalists suppressed a revolt by Muslim forces in western China.
1895 The Japanese occupy Taiwan.
1899–1901 The Eight-Nation Alliance defeated the Boxer rebels and Qing forces.

Included the following battles in 1900:

1911–1912 1911 RevolutionThe 2,132 years of imperial rule in china has ended

The Republic of China replaces the Qing Dynasty to rule China

Modern China

See also: Outline of the military history of the People's Republic of China, List of wars involving the Republic of China and List of wars involving the People's Republic of China.

Yuan Shikai-led Republic of China

Warlord Era

Chinese Civil War (First phase, 1927–1936)

See also: Outline of the Chinese Civil War.

Sino-Tibetan War (1930–1932)

Xinjiang Wars (First phase, 1931–1937)

Second Sino-Japanese War (1931–1945, part of World War II from 1941)

Xinjiang Wars (Second phase, 1944–1949)

Chinese Civil War (Second phase, 1945–1949)

Conflicts in the Chinese Civil War in the post-World War II era are listed chronologically by the starting dates.[9]

1945

1946

1947

1948

1949

1950

1951

1952

1953

1955

1960

1950–1958

Annexation of Tibet (1950)

Korean War (1950–1953)

Sino-Indian War (1962)

The Sino-Indian War between China and India occurred in October–November 1962. A disputed Himalayan border was the main cause of the war. There had been a series of violent border skirmishes between the two countries after the 1959 Tibetan uprising, when India granted asylum to the Dalai Lama. India initiated a defensive Forward Policy from 1960 to hinder Chinese military patrols and logistics, in which it placed outposts along the border, including several north of the McMahon Line, the eastern portion of the Line of Actual Control proclaimed by Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai in 1959.[11]

Nathu La and Cho La clashes (1967)

The Nathu La and Cho La clashes took place from September–October of 1967. The Nathu La clashes started on 11 September 1967, when China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) launched an attack on Indian posts at Nathu La, and lasted till 15 September 1967. In October 1967, another military duel took place at Cho La and ended on the same day. According to independent sources, India achieved "decisive tactical advantage" and managed to hold its own against and push back Chinese forces. Many PLA fortifications at Nathu La were destroyed, where the Indian troops drove back the attacking Chinese forces. Another battle took place at Cho La a few kilometers south a few days later. The military duel lasted one day, during which the Chinese were driven away, which boosted Indian morale. According to Indian Maj. Gen. Sheru Thapliyal, the Chinese were forced to withdraw nearly three kilometers in Cho La during the clash. The Defence Ministry of India reported: 88 killed and 163 wounded on the Indian side, while 340 killed and 450 wounded on the Chinese side, during the two incidents.

Sino-Soviet border conflict (1969)

Vietnam War (1955–1975)

Laotian Civil War (1958–1975)

Sino-Vietnamese War (1979)

Sino-Vietnamese conflicts (1979–1991)

2020–2021 China–India skirmishes

See also

Notes

  1. see Larry M. Wortzel, and Robin Higham, Dictionary of contemporary Chinese military history (Abc-clio, 1999).
  2. Xiaobing Li, ed. China at War: An Encyclopedia. (ABC-CLIO, 2012). online passim.
  3. Book: Higham, Charles . 2004 . Encyclopedia of Ancient Asian Civilizations . Infobase . 173.
  4. Book: Minford, John . 2000 . Classical Chinese Literature . New York . Columbia University Press . 173 . 9789629960483 . 9 March 2022.
  5. Book: Zuo . Qiuming . Durrant . Stephen . Li . Wai-yee . Schaberg . David . Zuo Tradition / Zuozhuan: Commentary on the "Spring and Autumn Annals" . 2016 . University of Washington Press . Seattle . 9780295999159 . 157 . 1.
  6. Encyclopedia: eerste eeuw. §4.2 Politieke ontwikkelingen . . 1993–2002 . Microsoft Corporation/Het Spectrum . nl.
  7. Book: Tibet Past and Present. Charles Bell. 1992. CUP Motilal Banarsidass Publ.. 978-81-208-1048-8. 28. 17 July 2010. 3 January 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140103054322/http://books.google.com/books?id=U7C0I2KRyEUC&pg=PA28&dq=chinese+captured+lhasa+650. live.
  8. Book: The China quarterly, Issue 1. University of London. Contemporary China Institute, Congress for Cultural Freedom. 1960. 88. 17 July 2010. 3 January 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140103054334/http://books.google.com/books?id=faoSAAAAIAAJ&q=chinese+captured+lhasa+650&dq=chinese+captured+lhasa+650. live.
  9. Xiaobing Li, ed. China at War: An Encyclopedia. (ABC-CLIO, 2012). online pp 56–58.
  10. Xiaobing Li, ed. China at War: An Encyclopedia. (ABC-CLIO, 2012). online pp 201–211.
  11. Xiaobing Li, ed. China at War: An Encyclopedia. (ABC-CLIO, 2012). online pp 399–401.
  12. Xiaobing Li, ed. China at War: An Encyclopedia. (ABC-CLIO, 2012). online pp 405–406.
  13. Xiaobing Li, ed. China at War: An Encyclopedia. (ABC-CLIO, 2012). online pp 311–413.

Further reading

External links

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