List of Caryophyllales of South Africa explained

Caryophyllales is an order of flowering plants that includes the cacti, carnations, amaranths, ice plants, beets, and many carnivorous plants. Many members are succulent, having fleshy stems or leaves.This order is part of the core eudicots. The monophyly of the Caryophyllales has been supported by DNA sequences, cytochrome c sequence data and heritable characters such as anther wall development and vessel-elements with simple perforations.

The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.

23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened. Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.

The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).

21 families are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.

Aizoaceae

See main article: List of Aizoaceae of South Africa. Family Aizoaceae, 169 genera have been recorded. Not all are necessarily currently accepted.

Amaranthaceae

Family: Amaranthaceae,

Achyranthes

Genus Achyranthes:

Achyropsis

Genus Achyropsis:

Aerva

Genus Aerva:

Alternanthera

Genus Alternanthera:

Amaranthus

Genus Amaranthus:

Arthrocnemum

Formerly accepted genus Arthrocnemum:

Atriplex

Genus Atriplex:

Bassia

Genus Bassia:

Beta

Genus Beta:

Calicorema

Genus Calicorema:

Celosia

Genus Celosia:

Centema

Genus Centema:

Chenolea

Genus Chenolea:

Chenoleoides

Genus Chenoleoides:

Chenopodium

Genus Chenopodium:

Cyathula

Genus Cyathula:

Dysphania

Genus Dysphania:

Echinopsilon

Genus Echinopsilon:

Einadia

Genus Einadia:

Exomis

Genus Exomis:

Gomphrena

Genus Gomphrena:

Guilleminea

Genus Guilleminea:

Halopeplis

Genus Halopeplis:

Halosarcia

Genus Halosarcia:

Hermbstaedtia

Genus Hermbstaedtia:

Kochia

Genus Kochia:

Kyphocarpa

Genus Kyphocarpa:

Leucosphaera

Genus Leucosphaera:

Manochlamys

Genus Manochlamys:

Nothosaerva

Genus Nothosaerva:

Psilotrichum

Genus Psilotrichum:

Pupalia

Genus Pupalia:

Salicornia

Genus Salicornia:

Salsola

Genus Salsola:

Sarcocornia

Genus Sarcocornia:

Sericocoma

Genus Sericocoma:

Sericorema

Genus Sericorema:

Suaeda

Genus Suaeda:

Tecticornia

Genus Tecticornia:

Anacampserotaceae

Family: Anacampserotaceae,

Anacampseros

Genus Anacampseros:

Avonia

Genus Avonia:

Talinum

Genus Talinum:

Basellaceae

Family: Basellaceae,

Cactaceae

Family: Cactaceae,

Austrocylindropuntia

Genus Austrocylindropuntia:

Cereus

Genus Cereus:

Cylindropuntia

Genus Cylindropuntia:

Echinocactus

Genus Echinocactus:

Echinopsis

Genus Echinopsis:

Harrisia

Genus Harrisia:

Hylocereus

Genus Hylocereus:

Myrtillocactus

Genus Myrtillocactus:

Nopalea

Genus Nopalea:

Opuntia

Genus Opuntia:

Peniocereus

Genus Peniocereus:

Pereskia

Genus Pereskia:

Rhipsalis

Genus Rhipsalis:

Stenocereus

Genus Stenocereus:

Tephrocactus

Genus Tephrocactus:

Trichocereus

Genus Trichocereus:

Caryophyllaceae

Family: Caryophyllaceae,

Agrostemma

Genus Agrostemma:

Arenaria

Genus Arenaria:

Cerastium

Genus Cerastium:

Corrigiola

Genus Corrigiola:

Dianthus

Genus Dianthus:

Drymaria

Genus Drymaria:

Herniaria

Genus Herniaria:

Holosteum

Genus Holosteum:

Krauseola

Genus Krauseola:

Moenchia

Genus Moenchia:

Paronychia

Genus Paronychia:

Petrorhagia

Genus Petrorhagia:

Pollichia

Genus Pollichia:

Polycarpaea

Genus Polycarpaea:

Polycarpon

Genus Polycarpon:

Sagina

Genus Sagina:

Saponaria

Genus Saponaria:

Scleranthus

Genus Scleranthus:

Silene

Genus Silene:

Spergula

Genus Spergula:

Spergularia

Genus Spergularia:

Stellaria

Genus Stellaria:

Telephium

Genus Telephium:

Vaccaria

Genus Vaccaria:

Corbichoniaceae

Family: Corbichoniaceae,

Axonotechium

Genus Axonotechium:

Corbichonia

Genus Corbichonia:

Orygia

Genus Orygia:

Didiereaceae

Family: Didiereaceae,

Ceraria

Genus Ceraria, accepted as a synonym of Portulacaria:[1]

Portulacaria

Genus Portulacaria:

Droseraceae

Family: Droseraceae,

Drosera

Genus Drosera:

Frankeniaceae

Family: Frankeniaceae,

Frankenia

Genus Frankenia:

Nothria

Genus Nothria:

Gisekiaceae

Family: Gisekiaceae,

Gisekia

Genus Gisekia:

Kewaceae

Family: Kewaceae,

Kewa

Genus Kewa:

Limeaceae

Family: Limeaceae,

Limeum

Genus Limeum:

Lophiocarpaceae

Family: Lophiocarpaceae,

Lophiocarpus

Genus Lophiocarpus:

Molluginaceae

Family: Molluginaceae,

Adenogramma

Genus Adenogramma:

Coelanthum

Genus Coelanthum:

Glinus

Genus Glinus:

Hypertelis

Genus Hypertelis:

Mollugo

Genus Mollugo:

Paramollugo

Genus Paramollugo:

Pharnaceum

Genus Pharnaceum:

Polpoda

Genus Polpoda:

Psammotropha

Genus Psammotropha:

Suessenguthiella

Genus Suessenguthiella:

Nyctaginaceae

Family: Nyctaginaceae,

Boerhavia

Genus Boerhavia:

Bougainvillea

Genus Bougainvillea:

Commicarpus

Genus Commicarpus:

Mirabilis

Genus Mirabilis:

Phaeoptilum

Genus Phaeoptilum:

Pisonia

Genus Pisonia:

Phytolaccaceae

Family: Phytolaccaceae,

Hilleria

Genus Hilleria:

Petiveria

Genus Petiveria:

Phytolacca

Genus Phytolacca :

Rivina

Genus Rivina:

Plumbaginaceae

Family: Plumbaginaceae,

Afrolimon

Genus Afrolimon:

Dyerophytum

Genus Dyerophytum:

Limonium

Genus Limonium:

Plumbago

Genus Plumbago:

Polygonaceae

Family: Polygonaceae,

Antigonon

Genus Antigonon:

Emex

Genus Emex:

Fagopyrum

Genus Fagopyrum:

Fallopia

Genus Fallopia:

Oxygonum

Genus Oxygonum:

Persicaria

Genus Persicaria:

Polygonum

Genus Polygonum:

Reynoutria

Genus Reynoutria:

Rumex

Genus Rumex:

Triplaris

Genus Triplaris:

Portulacaceae

Family: Portulacaceae,

Calandrinia

Genus Calandrinia:

Claytonia

Genus Claytonia:

Portulaca

Genus Portulaca:

Tamaricaceae

Family: Tamaricaceae,

Tamarix

Genus Tamarix:

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Search for 'Ceraria' . Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . 2024-03-17.