List of Cardinal protectors of Scotland explained

This is a list of Cardinal protectors of Scotland. Protectors represented the interests of a particular religious institution or nation at the Papal court.^[1] This particular office was revitalised upon the establishment of the Scots College in Rome by Pope Clement VIII on 5 December 1600, when it was put under the authority of Cardinal Camillo Borghese.^[2] The last Cardinal to hold the office died in 1970.^{[3] [4]}

Protectors

Pre-Reformation

• Antonio Pallavicini Gentili, 1504–07
• Pietro Accolti, 1514–32
• Benedetto Accolti, 1532–38
• Rodolfo Pio da Carpi, 1538–49
• Giovanni Domenico de Cupis, 1550–53^[5]
• Niccolò Caetani, 1570–85^[6]

Post-Reformation

• Camillo Borghese, 1600–05
• Maffeo Barberini, 1607/8–23
• Francesco Barberini, 1623–79
• Philip Howard, 1680–94
• Alessandro Caprara, 1694–1706
• Giuseppe Sacripante, 1706–27
• Alessandro Falconieri, 1727–34
• Domenico Rivera, 1734–52
• Giuseppe Spinelli, 1753–63
• Gian Francesco Albani, 1763–73; 1780–1803
• Mario Marefoschi, 1773–74
• Francesco Carafa, 1774–80
• Charles Erskine, 1803–11
• Bartolomeo Pacca, 1811–35
• Giacomo Filippo Fransoni, 1835–56
• Alessandro Barnabò, 1856–74
• Alessandro Franchi, 1874–78
• Giovanni Simeoni, 1878–92
• Mieczysław Halka-Ledóchowski, 1892–1902
• Girolamo Maria Gotti, 1902–16
• Domenico Serafini, 1916–18
• Gaetano de Lai, 1918–28
• Rafael Merry del Val, 1928–30
• Franz Ehrle, 1930–34
• Francesco Marchetti Selvaggiani, 1934–51
• Giuseppe Pizzardo, 1951–70

See also

• Scots College, Rome
• Cardinal protector of England

References

1. Web site: CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Cardinal Protector . 2024-03-01 . www.newadvent.org.
2. Book: The Scots College, Rome, 1600 - 2000 . 2000 . Donald . 978-0-85976-524-4 . MacCluskey . Raymond . Edinburgh . 20.
3. Book: The Scots College, Rome, 1600 - 2000 . 2000 . Donald . 978-0-85976-524-4 . MacCluskey . Raymond . Edinburgh . 168.
4. Book: The Scots College, Rome, 1600 - 2000 . 2000 . Donald . 978-0-85976-524-4 . MacCluskey . Raymond . Edinburgh . 144.
5. Web site: The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of July 1, 1517 . 2024-03-01 . cardinals.fiu.edu.
6. Web site: The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of December 22, 1536 . 2024-03-01 . cardinals.fiu.edu.